Digital Commons Network^™

Ecologically Sensitive Management Options For Bats, Paul B. Robertson

Wildlife Damage Management Conference

Over the past decade, there has been a dramatic, positive shift in the public image of bats in the United States (Tuttle 1988a). This shift is particularly impressive in light of the inappropriate and poor public image that bats have suffered in most western nations in the last century. Over the past decade, a sizable segment of the U.S. public, as well as local, state and national officials, have been educated to the ecological and economic value of bats which results from their insectivory and plant pollination activities (Olkowski and Olkowski 1989, Tuttle 1988b). The fact that they pose a …

Persistence Of Tartrazine In Marking Sheep Wool, Richard J. Burns, Peter J. Savarie

Wildlife Damage Management Conference

Tartrazine was examined as a possible replacement marker for rhodamine B in the Livestock Protection Collar. Test solutions were formulated in six combinations; tartrazine at 0.5%. and 1.0% concentrations, with and without compound 1080, and with and without nigrosin black. Each solution was examined for persistence of color in the laboratory and when applied to the wool of dried sheep hide. Hide pieces were allowed to weather naturally or were sprinkled to simulate rain. Tartrazine alone was also tested at concentrations of 0.5%. and 1.0% on the necks of sheep. Over a 3-month period, no fading was noted in the …

Wolf Depredation On Livestock In Minnesota Annual Update Of Statistics - 1988, William J. Paul

Wildlife Damage Management Conference

Depredation by wolves (Canis lupus) on livestock and poultry in Minnesota is a problem for some producers. A small percentage of the farms in the wolf range are affected annually and a few of these farms suffer substantial monetary loss in a given year. From 1976 through 1988, the number of farms suffering verified wolf depredations ranged from 9 to 38 (x = 23) per year out of about 7,200. From 1977 through 1988 the highest cattle losses claimed by farmers were 0.45 per 1,000 available in 1979; the highest sheep losses claimed were 2.66 per 1,000 available …

Depredation Permits For Migratory Birds, Larry L. Hood

Wildlife Damage Management Conference

All of the native species of birds in the United States are protected by either federal or state laws. Under the Migratory Bird Treaty Act, the federal government has formulated regulations that assist in controlling protected species that cause economic damage or health hazards. These regulations are in Subpoint D of Part 21, Title SO Code of Federal Regulations, and may take the form of standing depredation orders or permits issued to kill those species that cause problems.

A Fencing Technique To Reduce Raccoon Feeding Damage To Sugarcane Research Plots, Hugh P. Fanguy, Dwight Leblanc

Wildlife Damage Management Conference

Damage caused by the feeding of raccoons (Procyon lotor) on stalks of sugarcane (Saccharum sp.) has occurred for several years on the 200-acre U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service (USDA-ARS) research farm located near Houma, Terrebonne Parish, Louisiana. Damage begins when sugarcane mature internodes begin to from in late June and early July, and continues until the completion of harvest in late December. Raccoons appear to prefer varieties having low fiber and/or high sugar content and can severely damage these varieties (personal observation). Depredation by these animals frequently result in loss of data as preferred …

Beaver And Beaver Dam Removal In Wisconsin Trout Streams, Larry Dickerson

Wildlife Damage Management Conference

Beaver (Castor canadensis) dam building activities create many longterm affects on stream ecosystems. Beaver dams may negatively influence trout fisheries by creating physical barriers to spawning areas, increasing sediment retention, and increasing water temperatures. The U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service (APHIS) Animal Damage Control (ADC) program in Wisconsin, entered into cooperative agreements with the Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources (WDNR) and the U.S. Forest Service (USFS) on the Nicolet National Forest from June through September, 1988, to remove beaver and beaver dams from priority classed trout streams. Four hundred and eight beaver …

Demonstration Electric Fences To Control Black Bear Damage To Apiaries In New York State, Janet L. Sillings, Thomas N. Tomsa Jr., James E. Forbes

Wildlife Damage Management Conference

The New York State black bear (Ursus americanus) population, approximately 4,000 animals (Clarke 1977), causes damage to apiaries in the catskill, Adirondack, and Southern Tier regions of the state. During 1987, 1988, and 1989, USDA Animal Damage Control (ADC) administered a program in New York to control bear damage to apiaries. Control activities were carried out pursuant to a Cooperative Agreement between ADC and the New York State Department of Agriculture and Markets, and were supported by matching Federal-State contributions. Program objectives were beekeeper education aimed at preventing bear damage and for the construction of demonstration temporary electric …

Coyote Depredation Control In New York - An Integrated Approach, Thomas N. Tomsa Jr., James E. Forbes

Wildlife Damage Management Conference

The New York State Cooperative Coyote Damage Control Program was established in late 1986 through a cooperative agreement between the New York State Department of Agriculture and Markets (NYSDAM) and USDA, APHIS, ADC in response to escalating complaints of coyote (Canis latrans) depredations on sheep from 1980-85. Ten counties with histories of and/or potential for coyote/livestock conflicts were identified and targeted for publicity and primary program emphasis. Program staff received 58 reports of coyote depredations on 182 sheep from 32 producers in the ten target counties and seven outlying counties from May 1987 through May 1989, and verified …

Evaluation Of A Canada Goose Call-Activated Switch For Crop Damage Abatement, James W. Heinrich, Scott R. Craven

Wildlife Damage Management Conference

Damage and nuisance problems caused by Canada geese (Branta canadensis) are difficult to control with current abatement technology. We tested the efficacy of a goose call-activated switch as a modification for propane exploders (gas cannons), using recorded Canada goose calls and live goose trials. We recorded a 30 m range for the switch and found that it was activated by a range of non-target sounds. The development of this device and the technology involved are discussed. The call-activated switch is not a useful tool in reducing Canada goose damage in crop fields.

Canada geese frequently feed on agricultural …

Fertility Control As A Tool For Regulation Of Wildlife Populations, U. S. Seal

Wildlife Damage Management Conference

Biological control of reproduction and fertility is a normal part of the life history of all organisms. Control mechanisms allow timing of reproduction with respect to age, time of day, season, and other periodic environmental events. Further modulation can occur with variations in temperature, rainfall, nutrition, and health status. Interactions with other members of the species, ranging from pherohormonal stimulation of estrus to social delay of puberty and breeding to infanticide, provide further constraints upon fertility and recruitment. All of these processes ultimately act through molecular neuroendocrine mechanisms that are under genetic control and are subject to natural selection and …

A Review Of The Status Of Bird Management Products And Devices In The United States, Charles W. Areson

Wildlife Damage Management Conference

Commercial urban /industrial structural pest bird control is approaching a time of crisis. Several long-standing toxicants that have been used as a major part of pest bird control programs are either suspended, at risk of suspension, or have had their production terminated by the manufacturer. "Environmental groups" are up in arms about the use and misuse of pesticides. Lawsuits have been filed to stop the use of some products, and political pressure has brought about reviews of some pesticide products on both the state and federal levels. EPA has seemed to have a "get tough" policy in its reregistration guidelines, …

Wildlife Disease Concerns In Animal Damage Control, Sarah Shapiro Hurley

Wildlife Damage Management Conference

There are many facets to the topic of wildlife disease concerns in animal damage control, but the area that I have chosen to discuss is that of zoonotic disease - diseases which are transmissible in nature between humans and other animals. The list of zoonoses is extensive and in the time available only a few can be reviewed.

Scanning Electron Microscopy Of Lung Following Alpha Irradiation, C. L. Sanders, K. E. Lauhala, K. E. Mcdonald

Scanning Microscopy

Pulmonary aggregation of inhaled ²³⁹PuO₂ particles leads to a cellular evolution of focal inflammation, fibrosis, epithelial dysplasia and lung tumor formation. Female Wistar rats were exposed to an aerosol of high-fired ²³⁹PuO₂ (initial lung burden, 3.9 kBq) and the lungs examined at intervals from 1 day to 700 days after exposure by light and scanning electron microscopy and autoradiography. Peribronchiolar Pu particle aggregation increased with time, resulting in well-defined focal inflammatory lesions after 120 days and fibrotic lesions after 180 days. A generalized hypertrophy and hyperplasia of nonciliated bronchiolar cells was seen at 15 days and …

Superfund Record Of Decision: Monticello Vicinity Properties, Ut, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office Of Emergency And Remedial Response

All U.S. Government Documents (Utah Regional Depository)

The Monticello Vicinity Properties site, also known as the Monticello Radiation Contaminated Properties, is a federally-owned abandoned vanadium and uranium mill area in the city of Monticello, San Juan County, Utah. Land use in the area is residential, however, there is limited commercial use as well. Milling of vanadium and uranium occurred from 1944 to 1960. Throughout the operating period, mill tailings were used in the city of Monticello for construction purposes including fill for open lands; backfill around water, sewer, and electrical lines; sub-base for driveways, sidewalks, and concrete slabs; backfill against basement foundations; and as sand mix in …

An Analysis Of The Water Situation In The United States: 1989-2040, Richard W. Guldin, Usda Forest Service

All U.S. Government Documents (Utah Regional Depository)

Several Federal agencies have historically had responsibilities for conducting assessments of the Nation's water resources. The U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, U.S. Department of Agriculture's Soil Conservation Service (SCS), and U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) and its predecessor agencies, among others, have conducted studies assessing the current situation and future prospects for water in particular regions of the country. Responsibility for national water assessments was assigned to the U.S. Water Resources Council (WRC) by the Water Resources Planning Act of 1965. With the demise of the WRC in 1981, several member agencies have attempted to take …

Application Of Bmp For Prevention Of Ground-Water Contamination, Majid Ehteshami, Richard C. Peralta

Civil and Environmental Engineering Faculty Publications

The use of pesticides is an integral part of today's agriculture. In many cases, pesticides safeguard crops from severe pest infestation, or increase yield by suppressing competing weed growth. Pesticides often make the difference between profits and losses in farming operations. However, pesticides, even in extremely low concentrations, can pose a risk to human health and to the environment. Applied to plant or soil surfaces, or injected into the soil, pesticides may leach to the ground water or may be washed off with surface water. Pesticide contaminated surface water can reach ground water, or contaminated ground water can reach the …

Correlated Microscopic Observations Of Arterial Responses To Intravascular Stenting, K. A. Robinson, G. Roubin, S. King, R. Siegel, G. Rodgers, R. P. Apkarian

Scanning Microscopy

Percutaneous catheter implantation of intravascular stent prostheses has emerged as a novel clinical adjunct to balloon angioplasty in the treatment of obstructive atherosclerotic vascular disease. We have examined the cellular and subcellular responses to stenting in the coronary arteries of the dog and pig (both normal and atherosclerotic), and in the iliac arteries and aorta of the atherosclerotic rabbit, using scanning electron, transmission electron, and light microscopies. Stenting in these models resulted in a thrombotic reaction ranging from mild to severe, depending on species and antithrombotic therapy. Subsequent organization of thrombotic material with hyperplasia of smooth muscle and inflammatory cells, …

Bioremediation Of Contaminated Surface Soils, J. L. Sims, R. C. Sims, J. E. Matthews

Reports

Biological remediation of soils contaminated with organic chemicals is an alternative treatment technology that can often meet the goal of achieving a permanent clean-up remedy at hazardous waste sites, as encouraged by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (U.S. EPA) for implementation of The Superfund Amendments and Authorization Act (SARA) of 1986. Bioremediation is consistent with the philosophical thrust of SARA, for it involves the use of naturally occurring microorganisms to degrade and/or detoxify hazardous constituents in the soil at a contaminated slip to protect public health and the environment.Bioremediation of contaminated soils, including applications and limitations, has been addressed.

Polarized Membrane Domains Of Fibroblasts, Z. Somosy, Tamara Kubasova, G. J. Köteles

Scanning Microscopy

Data on the heterogeneous distribution of various membrane domains on the surface of fibroblasts are reviewed. Polarized localization of negative charges is demonstrated and new results on the development and maintenance of polarity in primary human fibroblasts are presented. Cell membrane heterogeneity in fibroblasts and in other cells is compared. Our results indicate that the regional localization of membrane domains of fibroblasts, and their dependence on cell movement and cell contacts is in several aspects similar to that described for epithelial cells.

1989 Annual Report And Planning Meeting, Various Authors

Annual Reports

No abstract provided.

The Effects Of Retinoic Acid And Butyric Acid On In Vitro Migration By Murine B16a Cells: A Quantitative Scanning Electron Microscopic Study, T. W. Mcgarvey, B. Persky

Scanning Microscopy

Retinoic acid (RA) and butyric acid (BA) were investigated for their effect on in vitro migration of highly metastatic murine B16a melanoma cells. These potential antitumor agents are known to alter the cytoskeleton. Our initial studies determined the 72 h cytostatic /cytotoxic concentration of RA (1 X 10^-6 M / > 1 X 10^-5M) and BA (1.5 mM) / > 2.0 mM). Cytostasis by RA and BA was confirmed by autoradiography and radioisotope incorporation. For migration assays, cells were plated on 3 and 5 μm diameter pore polycarbonate membranes. Complete media was added containing RA or BA at time …

Dietary Differences And Microwear On The Teeth Of Late Stone Age And Early Modern People From Western Japan, Teruyuki Hojo

Scanning Microscopy

A small sample of human teeth from western Japan was examined under a scanning electron microscope. All were from sites of two different ages: a Late Stone Age site dating from approximately 4,000 B.P., and an Early Modern site dating from 150-200 B.P. SEM analyses reveal that the scratches on the teeth from the Late Stone Age site tend to be larger and more frequent than those on the teeth from the Early Modern site. These microwear differences may be related to dietary differences between two populations.

Duration Of Spermatogenesis And Spermatozoan Transport In The Mink (Mustela Vison), Holly Ruth Franz

Biology

The objectives of this study were twofold: first, to determine the time required for development of spermatozoa in the mink (Mustela vison) from the primary spermatocyte to the differentiated spermatozoa in the testis and appearance of sperm in the epididymis; and, the second, to determine the epididymal transport time of the spermatozoa. Using radiotracer techniques, ten mink were injected intravenously with tritiated thymidine and 16 testes were removed over a period of 56 days. Samples were obtained between January and March, the period of maximal testicular development of mink. The tissues collected in the study were processed using …

Utah State University Commencement, 1989 – Main Campus, Utah State University

Commencement Programs

Ninety-Sixth Annual Commencement of Utah State University

Properties Of Esterases From Lygus Hesperus Knight (Hemiptera: Miridae) And The Roles Of The Esterases In Insecticide Resistance, Kunyan Zhu

Biology

Properties of esterases from Lygus hesperus Knight and the roles of the esterases in insecticide resistance were studied with field populations. The esterases are 8-type esterases, and carboxyl esterases are predominant in both susceptible (S) and resistant (R) populations. The optimal pH and temperature were 7.0-8.0 and 40-45° C, respectively, for general esterases, and 8.5 and 35-40° C, respectively, for acetylcholinesterases. For general esterases, Km determined with 1-naphthyl acetate at 43° C was 8.8x10^-6 M for the males and 1.3x10^-5 M for the females, while Vmax was 27.0 and 136.1 umol/min/mg protein for the S and R populations, …

A Comparison Of The Activation And Detoxication Of Aflatoxin B1 In The Upper Airway From Three Mammalian Species, R. Wayne Ball

Biology

Aflatoxin B₁ (AFB₁) appears to be a risk factor in the development of tracheobronchial tumors in workers occupationally exposed to AFB₁-laden dusts. Tracheal microsomal preparations and explant cultures from species rich (rabbit and hamster) and poor (rat) in numbers of metabolically active non-ciliated tracheal epithelial (NC) cells were used to study the possible effects of this mycotoxin in the upper airways. The metabolism of AFB₁ and AFB₁-DNA adduct formation was greatest in rabbit tracheal explants followed by the hamster with minimal AFB₁ metabolism and AFB₁-DNA binding in the rat. …

Some Factors Affecting The Postpartum Interval In Sheep, Jose Pedro Cannas Simoes

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

The effect of genotype on the occurrence of ovulation and estrus during the interval from lambing to ovulation accompanied by estrus (postpartum interval) was measured in White-Face and Black-Face ewes that lambed during the breeding season in 1986 and 1987. A group of St. Croix ewes was added to the study in 1987. The influence of lactation on the events of the postpartum interval was measured by comparing intact and mastectomized White-Face and Black-Face ewes. The effect of prolactin on postpartum interval was measured in these two genotypes and in a group of bromocriptine-treated Black-Face ewes that lambed in 1986. …

Household Technology And The Division Of Household Labor In Utah Families, Sydney Mitchell Peterson

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship of household appliances and the division of labor in accomplishing household tasks in the family. It investigated the relationship between ownership of specific items of household equipment and the performance of directly related household tasks and the overall ownership of household equipment and the overall division of labor in the family.

Data for this study came from "Determinants and outcomes of Household Time Use," which is part of the S-206 Regional Research Project. Data from 214 two-parent, two-child households were analyzed to determine the relationship between ownership of household equipment …

Mate Selection In Contemporary America: An Exchange Theory Perspective, Margaret H. Young

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

The use of exchange theory as it applies to human relations has escalated dramatically in the past 20 years. The present study applies exchange theory as the basis of mate selection in contemporary society. Whereas an actual barter system was used in the past and families played a major role in choosing prospective mates, participants in the mate selection process are not virtually on their own and must rely upon their own bargaining skills to present their assets on the marriage market. A number of characteristics are thought to enhance or detract from a person's "worth" on the marriage market. …

Credit Use And Financial Satisfaction Among Usu Community Credit Union Members, In-Sook Ju

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

This study investigated the level of financial satisfaction of the family money manager in relation to socioeconomic characteristics, attitudes towards credit, and credit practices. The population was members of the USU Community Credit Union. Data were collected with a mail survey questionnaire from a random sample of 500 subjects. After multiple follow-up attempts, the response rate was 55.2 percent.

The dependent variable was financial satisfaction; the independent variables were categorized into three groups: socioeconomic characteristics, credit attitudes, and credit practices. The conceptual model of this study hypothesized that there is a relationship between the dependent and independent variables. Age, education, …