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Issues Of Consensus And Concern: Family Relationships Of The Elderly In The United States And Japan, Takashi Yamamoto

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

The purpose of this study was to explore cultural differences between America and Japan concerning four domains: past family relationships, current family relationships, the support network, and well-being.

Concern and consensus in the family are the principal background issues in this study. In America there has been a change from consensus (sharing basic similarity of values or attitudes and interests) to concern (an intense emotional involvement and affectional closeness). In contrasting the American and Japanese societies, consensus and concern constitute different orders from a more traditional context to the current societal context. This cultural difference impacts the relationship between the …

Biodegradation Of Synthetic Biphasic Calcium Phosphate And Biological Calcified Substratum By Cells Of Hemopoietic Origin, A. Soueidan, O. I. Gan, J. M. Bouler, F. Gouin, G. Daculsi

Cells and Materials

Different types of osteoclastic cells (authentic osteoclasit from human giant cell tumor and bone marrow of newborn rats; newly-formed osteoclasts from adult rat bone marrow), giant multinucleated cells and macrophages were studied for their effect on synthetic and natural mineralized substrata. Biphasic calcium phosphate ceramic consisted of hydroxyapatite and beta tricalcium phosphate was chosen for in vitro experiments, and dentine served as a positive control for cell resorbing activity . Our results show the limited capacity of authentic and newly-formed osteoclasts to resorb synthetic ceramic as compared to that of natural substrata. In vitro cell-mediated biodegradation included also modifications of …

Cemeteries & Gravemarkers Voices Of American Culture, Richard E. Meyer

All USU Press Publications

Even the most detailed, disciplined, and rigorous analysis of cemetery data cannot mask the underlying thrill of discover that invariably accompanies this work. Reading this volume will make this quite clear; it is an important contribution to gravestone and cemetery studies.

A Morphological Assessment Of Bovine Chondrocytes Cultured On Poly(Ethyl Methacrylate)/Tetrahydrofurfuryl Methacrylate, R. M. Sawtell, M. V. Kayser, S. Downes

Cells and Materials

A heterocyclic methacrylate polymer system, PEMA/THFMA, has shown potential as a biomaterial for cartilage repair in a rabbit model and has properties making it suitable for use clinically. The ability of the polymer system, PEMA/THFMA, and a related system, PEMA/HEMA, to support chondrocytes in vitro was assessed by scanning electron microscopy. Chondrocytes adhered to the surface of the PEMA/THFMA by day one, having a rounded morphology and clustered appearance opposed to the Thermanox® control, where the cells had spread out and become fibroblastic in appearance. The chondrocytes divided rapidly on the PEMA/ THFMA system by day three and had completely …

Reliability Of Human Fresh And Frozen Gingiva Explant Culture In Assessing Dental Materials Cytocompatibility, R. Warocquier-Clerout, G. C. Hachom-Nitcheu, M. F. Sigot-Luizard

Cells and Materials

An explant culture of human gingival epithelium has been set up in order to provide a valuable test for evaluating the cytocompatibility of dental material s. In an attempt to supply a bank of gingiva ex plants, frozen and freshly excised specimens were cultured in parallel. Optical and scanning electron microscopy showed an early release of cuboidal cells forming a dense layer around the explants. Afterwards, cultures evolved differently . Spread cells grew and migrated more rap idly in fresh than in frozen explant cultures but their adhesion to substratum increased earlier in frozen ones. Epithelial phenotype of cells had …

Co-Culture Of Endothelial Cells And Smooth Muscle Cells In A Flow Environment: An Improved Culture Model Of The Vascular Wall?, Thierry Ziegler, Keith A. Robinson, R. Wayne Alexander, Robert M. Nerem

Cells and Materials

Numerous studies have demonstrated that the neighboring smooth muscle cells (SMC) influence the morphology, cytoskeleton and growth of co-cultured endothelial cells (EC). Also, flow-induced laminar shear stress has been shown to induce cell elongation, F-actin reorganization and growth inhibition in cultured EC. We investigated the effect of neighboring SMC and collagen matrix on the response of EC to shear stress. The co-culture system was made by growing porcine aortic SMC in a gel of collagen type I and then seeding porcine aortic EC (P AEC) on the top surface. Then the co-culture was exposed to steady, laminar shear stress of …

Electron Microprobe Analysis Of Electrolytes In Whole Cultured Epithelial Cells, S. Borgmann, M. Granitzer, J. Crabbé, F. X. Beck, W. Nagel, A. Dörge

Scanning Microscopy

Microprobe analysis was used to determine electrolyte contents in whole epithelial sheets of A6 cells and to investigate the most critical points of this method. Analysis of dextran standard sections of different thickness revealed that low accelerating voltages of about 10 kV are best suited for whole freeze-dried cells on thick supports, since 5 μm thick sections are not penetrated by 10 kV electrons. Washing of A6 cells for 10 sec with distilled water led to cell swelling of about 40%, but the molar concentration ratios and the concentrations per dry weight (dw) were not altered. Washing for 60 sec …

Personality Factors Associated With Negative Affect: Application Of The "Big Five" Taxonomy To Depression And Anxiety, Kent W. Anderson

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

The purpose of this study was to examine the patterns and discriminant utility of the five-factor model of personality ("Big Five," consisting of neuroticism, extraversion, openness to experience, agreeableness, and conscientiousness factors) with depressed and anxious outpatients.

One hundred two outpatients seeking services at a community mental health center in a small western community participated in the study. Subjects were 41 clients with a depressive disorder, 31 with an anxiety disorder, and 30 in a mixed clinical control group. Subjects completed the Neuroticism-Extraversion-Openness to Experience Five-Factor Inventory (NEO-FFI).

Results indicate that both depressed and anxious clients score in the "very …

Use Of In Vitro Systems For X-Ray Microanalysis, Jarin Hongpaisan, Ann-Christin Mörk, Godfried M. Roomans

Scanning Microscopy

The use of X-ray microanalysis in human pathology may require the use of cryoprepared tissue. Often it is impossible to carry out freezing of the tissue in an optimal way, and in addition, it is difficult to carry out experiments in living patients. The use of in vitro systems and cell cultures allows separation of the process of tissue removal and the freezing procedure, and also makes testing of pharmacological or toxic substances possible. In experiments with animal tissue it was shown that incubation in a physiological buffer induced significant changes in the concentrations of Na, K, and Cl. In …

X-Ray Microanalysis Of Camp-Induced Ion Transport In Ncl-Sg3 Sweat Gland Cells, Ann-Christin Mörk, Godfried M. Roomans

Scanning Microscopy

cyclic AMP (cAMP)-induced ion transport in a human sweat gland cell line, NCL-SG3, was investigated by X-ray microanalysis. Stimulation with cAMP caused a decrease in cellular Cl and K content in cells grown on impermeable as well as permeable supports. In cells grown on plastic coverslips or Transwell inserts stimulation with cAMP caused a significant decrease of the Na concentration, but no significant effect on the intracellular Na was seen on cells grown on grids. cAMP had no significant effect on the intracellular Ca concentration.

Can We Landscape To Accommodate Deer? The Tracy Estate Research Garden, Helen H. Heinrich, Susan Predl

Wildlife Damage Management Conference

The landscape of New Jersey is remarkably rich in vegetation and open space, despite the state's reputation as the nation's most populous state. This landscape is increasingly the product of intense interaction between the white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus) and both native and cultivated vegetation, particularly in suburban communities, where both the whitetail and the vegetation coexist in abundance. Nearly extirpated at the tum of the century due to over-hunting, the state's white-tailed deer population today exceeds 140,000 because habitat is ideal and hunting seasons are carefully regulated. In many instances, where landowners choose not to use hunting as …

A Review Of New Concepts In Renal Stone Research, L. C. Cao, E. R. Boevé, W. C. De Bruijn, W. G. Robertson, F. H. Schröder

Scanning Microscopy

Clinical and basic research in the field of urolithiasis has developed rapidly in recent years. Progress in extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy (ESWL) and percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PNL) has brought about a revolution in the surgical treatment of urolithiasis and research at the cellular and molecular level is now expanding. In spite of these advances, however, clinical treatment of urolithiasis remains far from satisfactory. Stone recurrence in many patients cannot be predicted and is beyond control of urologists mainly because the mechanisms of stone formation are still not fully understood. It is necessary to study the process of stone formation more intensely …

Credit Card Usage And Knowledge In Thailand, Wanna Sangsutisearee

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

This study was conducted to determine the relationship between the characteristics of credit card holders and the extent of credit card usage, the level of credit card knowledge, and the consumer's choice perspectives. The characteristics of credit card holders studied were (a) gender, (b) age, (c) marital status, (d) education, (e) income, and (f) occupation.

Data for this study were collected in Bangkok, Thailand by telephone interviews during July - August 1993. The sample consisted of 150 Bangkok Bank credit card holders. Chi-square and Cramer's V were used to analyze the hypotheses. For all statistical analyses the level of significance …

Perceived Control: Precursors To Achievement In Oglala Lakota Children, Stephen Blaine Cook

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

The discrepancy between American Indian and Caucasian children in academic achievement is well documented. Theorists suggest a connection between perceived locus of control and the level of educational performance. This study first sought to determine if the factor structure of a measure of the perception of lo cu s of control (Multidimensional Measure of Children's Perceptions of Control) was similar for Caucasian and American Indian (Oglala Lakota) children. Second, the study sought to determine if there were differences between the groups on the MMCPC subtest scores. Finally, the study sought to determine the relationship between locus of control and academic …

Mineralized Matrix Synthesis By Isolated Mouse Odontoblast-Like Cells In Vitro, P. B. Andrews, A. R. Ten Cate, J. E. Davies

Cells and Materials

First mandibular molar tooth germs were dissected from 17 day mouse embryos. The dental papilla was isolated using both mechanical separation and enzymatic digestion. The cells of the papilla were then enzymatically disaggregated and cultured in 35 mm polystyrene dishes containing alpha minimum essential medium supplemented with 15 % fetal calf serum, 50 μglml ascorbic acid, 1 o-8 M dexamethasone and 10 mM Na-13-glycerophosphate. The cultures were maintained for 23 days. The cultured cells initially appeared as large flat cells having numerous cell processes. Multilayered cell nodules, distributed randomly in the cultures, were apparent after 5 days. Matrix was visible …

X-Ray Microanalysis Of Epithelial And Secretory Cells In Culture, Anne Von Euler, Eva Pålsgård, Christina Vult Von Steyern, Godfried M. Roomans

Scanning Microscopy

Cell cultures can be used to study ion transport processes. X-ray microanalysis of cell cultures at the cellular level gives interesting information that can complement electrophysiological and tracer studies. In this paper, methods for culturing and preparing a variety of epithelial and secretory cells (fibroblasts, insulinoma cells, bovine mammary epithelial cells, colon cancer cells) for X-ray microanalysis are presented. Results show that sometimes cell cultures are not homogeneous with respect to ion content or reaction to physiological stimuli. In colon cancer cell cultures, a "high K" and a "low K" cell subpopulation was found; these subpopulations also differed with respect …

The Use Of Organ Cultures To Study Vessel Wall Pathobiology, Edward W. Y. Koo, Avrum I. Gotlieb

Scanning Microscopy

Organ culture of the vessel wall is an useful in vitro method to study vascular cell biology. The intact vessel allows for the study of cell-cell and cell-substratum interactions including the structure and function of the vessel wall matrix. Long term organ cultures of porcine aorta show that neointimal formation is due primarily to cell proliferation of pre-existing intimal smooth muscle cells. Neointimal formation in these cultures is more pronounced in the presence of an endothelium that is turning over. In endothelial wound repair studies, the endothelium of the organ culture shows some important differences when compared to tissue culture …

Nature's Second Course: Water Culture In The Mormon Communities Of Cache Valley, Utah, 1860-1916, Kathryn T. Morse

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Nineteenth-century Mormon settlers in Utah combined a unique set of religious beliefs with a fervent agrarianism and a strong sense of community. They encountered a specific arid environment along the Wasatch Front. A distinctive cultural set of irrigation institutions and practices developed out of the complex interchanges between nature and culture in Cache Valley, Utah, between 1860 and 1916. The structure of water flow, and conflicts over water rights and responsibilities, reflected the fundamental tensions within Mormon communities between individual gain and collective progress; it also reflected the patriarchal essence of Mormon culture.

The season-to-season workings of irrigation institutions that …

Characteristics Related To The Incidence Of Osteoporosis In Two Distinct Female Populations, Deborah A. Pyke

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Osteoporosis is responsible for approximately 1.3 to 1.5 million fractures per year in the United States. The risk of osteoporosis increases with age, especially among postmenopausal women, and with lifestyle factors such as the use of certain drugs, heavy alcohol consumption, cigarette smoking, high caffeine intake, and sedentary living. Genetic factors that may influence susceptibility to osteoporosis include a positive family history of the disease, or a low weight - for-height ratio. In some cases, race and geographic location may increase or decrease the risk of osteoporosis. Known protective factors include obesity, estrogen replacement therapy, weight bearing exercise, and possibly …

Effect Of Various Growth-Promoting Factors On Preimplantation Bovine Embryo Development In Vitro, Mark Randall Flood

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

The purpose of this research was to define the effects of various growth-promoting factors on in vitro embryonic development of in vitro matured and in vitro fertilized bovine embryos. The control medium was a chemically defined medium which improves the possibility of closely determining the in vivo conditions the embryo is actually exposed to. The growth-promoting factors tested in this experiment included transferrin, IGF-I (insulin-like growth factor-one), IGF-II (insulin-like growth factor-two), TGF-𝛼 (transforming growth factor-alpha), TGF-𝛽1 (transforming growth factor-beta1), PDGF (platelet derived growth factor), EGF (epidermal growth factor), NGF (nerve growth factor), and bFGF (basic fibroblast growth factor). Transferrin was …

Quantitative Scanning Electron Microscopy (Sem) To Study The Adhesion And Spreading Of Human Endothelial Cells To Surface-Modified Poly(Carbonate Urethane)S, C. James Kirkpatrick, Tillmann Otterbach, Dirk Anderheiden, Johannes Schiefer, Horst Richter, Hartwig Hartwig Hocker, Christian Mittermayer, Albert Dekker

Cells and Materials

The polymers currently in use as vascular prostheses are, in the native state, poor substrates for endothelial cell (EC) adhesion and growth. This has a negative effect on the success of pre-seeding regimes. One attempt to improve the polymer substrate is to covalently couple reactive molecules to the surface, which can be used as anchorage points for EC or serve as spacer molecule to couple biological signal molecules such as oligopeptides. We have used a digitized image analysis system coupled to a scanning electron microscope to study the adhesion and spreading of human venous EC to unmodified poly(carbonate urethane) (uPCU), …

Bioengineering For Water Cleanup: State-Of-The-Art Assessment, Judith L. Sims, Ronald C. Sims, Jon S. Ginn

Reports

No abstract provided.

High Voltage Electron Microscopy And Low Voltage Scanning Electron Microscopy Of Human Neoplastic Cell Culture, Marek Malecki

Scanning Microscopy

Improved procedures were developed to correlate cell culture data with the images provided by advanced ultrastructural technologies. These procedures were compatible with the two main types of cellular behavior: adherent, spreading (melanomas, rhabdomyosarcomas) and non-adherent in suspension (leukemias).

The ultrastructure and function of spreading neoplastic cells primarily depend on surface properties of the attaching substrates. Therefore, the films used for cultured cell whole-mount ultrastructural analysis must have adherence features identical to those of standard cell culture vessels. Improved procedures were developed to produce the polystyrene films of required qualities. These films allowed processing of cells for electron microscopy including chemical …

Microbial Colonization In Human Periodontal Disease: An Illustrated Tutorial On Selected Ultrastructural And Ecologic Considerations, Charles M. Cobb, William J. Killoy

Scanning Microscopy

The oral cavity is populated by a prodigious microbial flora that exhibits a unique successional colonization of enamel and subgingival root surfaces. A wide range of oral sites provide different ecologic conditions and are, therefore, populated by different commensal microbial combinations. The sequence of microbial colonization, regardless of location within the oral cavity, commences with the acquisition of salivary and/or crevicular fluid-derived pellicle.

As the process of successional colonization of the gingival crevice area proceeds uninterrupted, achieving critical mass between 10 and 21 days, gingivitis becomes evident at a clinical level. However, at a histologic level, gingivitis may be evident …

Achilles Tendon Replacement By A Collagen Fiber Prosthesis: Morphological Evaluation Of Neotendon Formation., Arthur J. Wasserman, Y. Pedro Kato, David Christiansen, Michael G. Dunn, Frederick H. Silver

Scanning Microscopy

Reconstituted type I collagen was processed into fibers which were subsequently severely dehydrated and cyanamide cross-linked. Fibers prepared by this method were stronger and more resistant to degradation than uncrosslinked fibers. When used as a tendon replacement prosthesis, morphological events occurred which were observed by light, scanning, transmission electron microscopy and electron histochemistry.

Resorption was the initial host response to the prosthesis and involved gradual biodegradation. Formation of a host-replacement tendon was the second response. Increased collagen fibril diameters and a transition in the proteoglycan/collagen fibril interactions occurred in the newly developing connective tissue between 3 and 10 weeks post-implantation. …

Osteoclast Features Of Cells That Resorb Demineralized And Mineral-Containing Bone Implants In Rats, Cedo M. Bagi, Scott C. Miller

Scanning Microscopy

The comparative temporal tissue response to demineralized bone matrix powder (DBP) and devitalized mineral containing bone powder (MCP) implanted subcutaneously in rats was studied. The tissue response to implanted DBP followed the well described endochondral osteogenic pathway and included the appearance of osteoblasts and osteoclasts. On the other hand, implanted MCP resulted in the appearance of a large population of giant cells that resorbed the implants. At later times (3-4 weeks), most of the cells in the MCP implants appeared as typical foreign body giant cells with extensive membrane foldings, usually away from bone surface. Some cells did, however, have …

Scanning Electron Microscopy In The Study Of Campylobacter Pylori Associated Gastritis, F. Bonvicini, P. Versura, S. Pretolani, G. Gasbarrini, R. Laschi

Scanning Microscopy

The close association between Campylobacter pylori (CP), gastritis and peptic ulcer is now well established. Moreover increasing evidence has been collected of a major etiological role of CP in type B chronic gastritis. For this reason, searching for CP is essential in all patients with upper gastrointestinal symptoms.

Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) is a most reliable technique for studying the distribution of microorganisms and their relationship to the gastric mucosal surface.

The aim of this paper is to compare SEM to other routine methods of detection for CP, such as Giemsa staining on histological sections and Urease Microtiter Test (MT) …

Fine Structure And Organ Culture Of Chick Embryo Dorsal Aorta, C. Ward Kischer, Michael Jaqua

Scanning Microscopy

Embryonic blood vessels have not been grown in organ culture, in a way which might easily submit them to studies of vascular organogenesis. The chick embryo dorsal aorta is easily accessible and relatively simple to explant to culture. Its organ culture may provide a model for wounding and repair of the intima and/or media and provide a model for studies of growth (or maintenance) and differentiation. Fresh dorsal aorta and its organ culture from the chick embryo was characterized morphologically by light microscopy scanning (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) from days 4 to 18. Explants were incubated up to …

Family Background And Personal Characteristics As Correlates Of Sexual Intercourse Experience Among Adolescent Females, C. Raymond Bingham

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

A sub-sample of 814 nonvirgin, adolescent females was drawn from the 1979 U.S. National Survey of Young Women in order to study the correlates of age at first sexual intercourse. This sample was analyzed using a conceptual model developed from past research, as well as some intuitively interesting associations meriting investigation.

Multiple regression procedures were used in analysis of variables by block. In the block analysis several variables were found to predict age at first sexual intercourse. These variables included all the control variables (respondent's age, race, religion, and age at menarche), household income, ideal age for first marriage, ideal …

Effect Of Feeding A Viable Yeast Culture On Ruminal Fermentation Characteristics, Milk Production Response And Apparent Nutrient Digestibility In Holstein Cattle, Mohamed H. Shokair

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Four barren Holstein cows fitted with ruminal fistulas were assigned to each of two dietary treatments in a replicated 2 x 2 Latin square design. Treatments consisted of a basal ration and a basal ration plus 10g/d of a viable yeast culture (Saccharomyces cerevisiae). Cows were fed treatments for a 21-day adaption followed by a 7-day collection period. Total ruminal bacteria, cellulolytic bacteria and protozoa were unaffected by treatment. Feeding the viable yeast culture significantly increased ruminal acetic acid and acetic/propionic ratio. Molar percentage of propionic, isobutyric, isovaleric and valeric acids and rumen ammonia-N levels were significantly reduced …