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The Effects Of A Cd-Rom Computer Storybook Program On Head Start Children's Emergent Literacy, Susan Talley

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

This study examined the effects of a computer CD-ROM storybook program on 73 Head Start children in Logan, Utah. A variation on the two-group pretest/posttest design was used to determine if there was any increase in emergent literacy skills after spending an average of 15 minutes per day for an average of 12 days on the computer.

Previous research suggests that a child's home environment is integral to the preschool child's emergent literacy development. A parent questionnaire designed for assessing information regarding the child 's Iiterate environment at home was administered. Mean scores indicated that those children scoring highest on …

Pantothenate-P-Nitroanilide As A Substrate For Pantetheinase Assay, Robert T. Davidson

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Pantothenate-p-nitroanilide has been synthesized for use as a substrate in a continuous spectrophotometric assay of pantetheinase activity monitoring absorbance at 410 nm. Pantothenate-p-nitroanilide is a crystalline compound with a molecular weight of 338.0 and a melting point of 146-149°C. Use of this substrate in the described assay is suitable for enzyme activity determination in high protein content media such as blood serum. Serum pantetheinase activity was determined for rats of varying pantothenate nutriture. Rats with mildly (but significantly, p < 0.05) lower serum pantothenate levels had significantly higher serum pantetheinase activities than the control group (6.24 nmol/min/ml ± 0.72 and 16. 16 nmol/min/ml ± 4. 14, respectively, p=0.0005).

Uptake, Absorption, And Adsorption Kinetics Of Ferrous And Ferric Iron In Iron-Replete And Iron-Deficient Rats, Madhavi Ummadi

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Various concentrations of ferrous and ferric iron solutions were held at room temperature for 60 min before they were assayed for ferrous iron, which may be unstable due to oxidation. The ferrous and ferric solutions (in pH 2 HCl) were maintained as such for 60 min without the use of chelators. There was no significant oxidation of ferrous iron. Also, four different levels of each ferrous and ferric iron were injected into proximal duodenal loops of rat intestine and uptake was determined at four different time intervals. Two iron-replete rats were assigned to each of the treatments. The in situ …

A Response Surface Study Of Extruded Corn Starch/Skim Milk Powder Blends, Sachin Singh

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Skim milk was ultrafiltered to three lactose/protein ratios and spray dried. The skim milk powder was extruded with pearled corn starch at different moisture contents, protein contents, lactose/protein ratios, and feed rates (control variables). Response surface methodology and a central composite in cube experimental design were used. This design required 30 experimental runs with 16 factorial points, 8 axial points, and 6 center points for replication. The physical and functional properties evaluated were expansion ratio, product temperature, bulk density, color, shear stress, viscosity, and water absorption index (response variables). Scanning electron microscopy was done to evaluate the microstructural attributes of …

In Vivo Biopotency Evaluation Of Chromium-Containing Complexes, Jay Rulon Keller

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Seven chromium-containing complexes were tested for effects on blood glucose regulation, serum cholesterol levels, serum triglyceride levels, and body composition. The compounds included Cr picolinate, Cr chelidonate, chromate, Cr chelidamate, Cr arginate, nichrome, and Cr chloride.

The study was divided into two major sections, a rat study and a chicken study. In the rat study all seven chromium-containing complexes were tested. They were administered to the rats in four different testing periods at 1 ppm, 5 ppm, and 25 ppm of chromium. Methods of administration varied for each testing period. After the chromium compounds were administered, a glucose tolerance test …

Effects Of Whey Protein Concentrate, Phosphate, And Sodium Hydroxide On Texture And Acceptability Of Turkey And Beef Rolls, Igor V. Moiseev

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Processed turkey rolls were prepared with 1 or 3% whey protein concentrates WPC-50 (pH=5.80), WPC-60 (pH=4.53) and WPC-75 (pH=6.85} containing 50, 60 and 75% protein along with controls (phosphate and no phosphate). Control rolls made with 0.5% phosphate had the highest bind strength, and sensory evaluation scores. Only WPC-75 (1%) was acceptable as a binding agent and flavor enhancer. WPC-60 reduced pink discoloration of rolls, but flavor, bind and cohesiveness scores were unacceptably low. WPC-50 was not an effective binding agent. In general, rolls made with 3% WPC had lower scores for intensity of turkey flavor.

Bind strength and sensory …

The Contribution Of Meats To Energy And Essential Nutrient Intakes Of Women In The United States, C. Dian Martin

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

This study used the 1987-88 USDA Nationwide Food Consumption Survey to investigate the contribution meat products make to intakes of nutrients at risk of inadequate or excessive consumption by women. The study is unique in that meat nutrients were extracted from mixed dishes, providing a more accurate picture of consumption. Cluster analysis was used to classify nonpregnant, nonlactating women 19 years and older based on their consumption patterns of total meat and individual meats (beef, poultry, processed meats, pork and seafoods) as percent of caloric intake.

Total fat and SFA intakes exceeded National Research Council (NRC) goals regardless of meat …

Transcervical Versus Laparoscopic Insemination In Nulliparous And Multiparous Ewes After Estradiol Cypionate Treatment, Tami L. Gage

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

The only practical method for artificially breeding ewes with frozen semen is laparoscopic insemination into the lumen of the uterine horn. Like all surgical procedures, however, laparoscopic artificial inseminatiom has limitations. The procedure requires surgical skill and costly equipment. Repeated passage of the laparoscope through the abdominal wall causes adhesions. Depositing frozen/thawed semen at the os cervix results in low conception rates. The inability to pass an insemination pipette through the cervix has prevented artificial insemination in sheep from becoming a standard breeding method as in the cattle industry. This study compared laparoscopic and transcervical methods of insemination in nulliparous …

Phenotypic Profiles Of Lymphocytes In Adult C57bl/6n Mice Infected With Cryptosporidium Parvum, Diane Rose Bienek

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

The purpose of this study was to quantitate the populations o f lymphocytes in the spleens and intestines of normal and immunosuppressed adult C57BL/6N mice that were noninfected or infected with Cryptosporidium parvum. This was accomplished by using the following methodologies: immunohistochemistry, ELISA-spot assay, and flow cytometry.

Mice in groups 1 and 2 were immunosuppressed, but only group 2 was infected. Mice in group 3 were only infected, whereas group 4 served as the normal control. Mice were immunosuppressed with dexamethasone (DEXI at a dosage of 125µg/mouse/day. Infected mice received 10⁶ oocysts per os. The numbers of lymphocytes were …

Molecular Toxicology Of Pyrrolizidine Alkaloids, Hea-Young Kim

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Pyrrolizidine alkaloids are cytotoxic, carcinogenic, and anti-carcinogenic in vivo and in vitro, and they produce many hazardous effects in humans and animals. Pyrrolizidine alkaloids (PAs) also cross-link with DNA and/or protein. However, whether such cross-linking is important to the toxic action of PAs is not known. In addition, the exact mechanism underlying these DNA cross-links or cytotoxicity is also not clear.

In three separate studies, I characterized the nature of PA-induced DNA cross-links and the relationships between PA structures and cross-linking potency. In the first study (Chapter II), I found that cross-linking potency of PA congeners coincided with their …

Agribusiness Management In Utah Dairies, Rick L. Hirschi

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

This thesis outlines the theoretical factors impacting dairy profitability. The theoretical portion includes: a general review of production and profit maximization theory, a review of related studies, and an outline of the variables impacting dairy profitability.

An empirical study follows using data gathered from three applied technology centers in Utah in conjunction with dairy herd improvement production records for the farms where these data were available. The empirical section includes a synopsis of the methods and procedures used to collect and analyze the data. Regression analysis was used to determine the significant production and financial factors influencing returns per cow; …

Immune And Endocrine System Responses To Acute Skin-Temperature Reductions And Thermal Biofeedback, Kenneth E. Bell

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of the cold pressor test on skin temperature, natural killer cell activity, plasma concentrations of interleukin-1 and cortisol, and the numbers of white blood cells, CD3+ cells, CD4+ cells, CD8+ cells, and CD56+ cells in the peripheral blood. In addition, the study examined whether thermal biofeedback, when presented following the cold pressor tests, would mitigate the effects of the cold pressor tests.

Four male university students completed pretest psychological inventories and were pretrained during nine laboratory sessions to increase their skin temperature to 95 degrees Fahrenheit. During the experiment, blood …

The Pharmacodynamics And Toxicodynamics Of Inotropic Drugs In Calves With Natural And Artificial Hearts, Scott D. Everett

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Inotropic support for the failing myocardium as the therapy for congestive heart failure (CHF) is intended to achieve an increase in cardiac output via positive responses in myocardial contractility and vasodilation. A novel approach to differentiate these two responses is the use of an animal with an implanted total artificial heart (TAH). Three inotropic drugs, dobutamine, enoximone, and pimobendan, were tested in eight animals with their natural heart intact and five animals implanted with a TAH. Baseline values of the TAH and natural heart (NH) were compared to determine their hemodynamic similarities. Each of the three drugs was given randomly …

Effect Of Iron Binding On The Ability Of Crocidolite To Cause Dna Single-Strand Breaks, Jeanne Ann Hardy

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Fibrous carcinogens, such as crocidolite asbestos, are known to catalyze many of the same reactions as iron, namely O₂ consumption, generation of reduced oxygen species, and damage to DNA, such as strand breaks, and modifications of bases. Upon inhalation, fibers are also known to become coated with an iron-rich material. The mechanism by which this iron is bound to fibers in the lung is not known, and the effect of this additional iron on the reactivity of the fibers is also not well understood. The studies described here were undertaken to elucidate the abilities of crocidolite asbestos, in its …

Modeling Forest Dynamics At The Landscape Scale: Integrating A Computer Simulation Model And Geographic Information System, David W. Betz

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

This research demonstrates the ability to integrate a computer simulation model with a geographic information system (GIS) to predict forest community dynamics in both the spatial and temporal dimensions. A landscape scale computer simulation model, LANDSIM, was coupled with the Arc/Info GIS to simulate the interaction of forest fires and forest succession at Bryce Canyon National Park, Utah, and to produce maps of the predicted community types. The sensitivity of the model was tested with respect to the fire return interval, maximum neighbor spread, and the effect of slope upon the spread of simulated fires. The model predicts that each …

Pioneer Harmonies: Mormon Women And Music In Utah, 1847-1900, Jennifer L. Fife

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

By drawing on local newspapers and the diaries, journals, and autobiographies of nearly fifty pioneers, this thesis examined the varied musical experiences of Utah's Latter-day Saint women during the years 1847-1900, and sought to determine whether they followed national gender trends in music during this era. Women in nineteenth-century Utah participated in a wide variety of musical activities, including using music in their homes, taking lessons, and teaching. Women also composed and wrote song lyrics. Many women performed in community musical events, such as concerts and operas. Despite their accomplishments, women did face conflict over the demands of family responsibility …

"Ranchers Don't Sell, They Acquire": The Life And Legends Of Bartley Marie Scott, Julie Hartley-Moore

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

This thesis examines the family history and life story of Colorado ranch woman Bartley Marie Scott. In addition to biographical information, it includes an examination of the folklore surrounding Scott's life, her role in the regional culture, and the theoretical implications of using folklore in biography.

The Curriculum For The Lab Portion Of A Training For Day Care Providers In Developmentally Appropriate Practices, Celeste Anderson

All Graduate Plan B and other Reports, Spring 1920 to Spring 2023

Along with many areas in the United States of America, Carbon County, Utah is considered economically depressed. With the unemployment rate at nearly 14%, spouses have entered the work force. In addition there are many single parents.This has left a high rate of children at risk and increased the demand for home day care providers, Although twelve hours of training per year are mandated by state law, very few providers have had any formal or professional training beyond an occasional evening workshop . What training has been offered has generally been along the lines of managerial, business and physical environment …

A Walk On The Wild Side: Conceptual Master Plan And Vegetation Management Plan For The Ogden Nature Center, Beth G. Pyle

All Graduate Plan B and other Reports, Spring 1920 to Spring 2023

This report provides an introduction describing: 1) Ogden Nature Center site planning history; 2) background of the problem a) lack of a conceptual master plan which responds to current management objectives, b) lack of a vegetation management plan, and; 3) thesis objectives and methodology for the creation of conceptual master plan and vegetation management plan for the Ogden Nature Center. Chapter 2 presents a written discussion of the Ogden Nature Center site inventory drawings and site analysis. Chapter 3 delineates strategies for management of weedy vegetation including; a general discussion of management techniques, general criteria for the selection of weedy …

Conceptual Design And Master Planning For The Fisheries & Wildlife Research Center, David T. Anderson

All Graduate Plan B and other Reports, Spring 1920 to Spring 2023

The College of Natural Resources (CNR) at Utah State University has long been a leader in natural resources education, research and extension. CNR's commitment and concern reaches from the local to a broad International level. Its Departments of Fisheries and Wildlife and Range Science stand among the top departments in the nation in their respective disciplines.

The Preparation Of Cultured Cells For X-Ray Microanalysis, Alice Warley

Scanning Microscopy

X-ray microanalysis of cells in culture is being used increasingly for the study of relationships between element (ion) content and cell function. There is, however, no one single method which can be used for the preparation of all different cell types for study by microanalysis. Cells in suspension are usually concentrated by centrifugation, before cryofixation, cryosectioning, and freeze drying. On the other hand cells grown as monolayers are more often studied as whole cell mounts, which are washed to remove the external medium before cryofixation and freeze drying. The alternative approach, sectioning of cell monolayers is rarely used. Some of …

Development Concept Plan, Zions Canyon Headquarters, Zion National Park, Utah, United States Department Of The Interior, National Park Service

Parks and Reserves

The plan will implement a mandatory shuttle bus system in Zion Canyon during the peak visitor use season. A transit/information center, located in a portion of the Watchman Campground, will function as the shuttle bus staging area. It will include a 575 vehicle parking and bus loading area, information center, visitor comfort facilities, amphitheater, and a picnic area. The Watchman Campground (partially displaced by the shuttle facilities) and South Campground will be rehabilitated to improve circulation and the quality of the campsites. The existing visitor center would be converted to an education center.

Utah Science Vol. 55 No. 1, Spring 1994

Utah Science

No abstract provided.

The Microvasculature Of The Larynx: A Scanning Electron Microscopic Study, Peter Franz, Seyedhossein Aharinejad

Scanning Microscopy

In ten adult guinea pigs, the microvascular architecture of the larynx was evaluated using microvascular corrosion casts and scanning electron microscopy. The vocal cords were provided with a subepithelial capillary network. The capillaries, freely anastomosing with each other, were supplied and drained via strongly undulating arteries and veins. The undulation of the latter vessels may explain their adaptability to volume changes of the larynx during phonation. The vasculature of the internal perichondrium of the thyroid cartilage was interrupted at the anterior commissure where an avascular zone was present at the origin of the vocal cords. This avascular area is common …

Ultrastructural Changes Of The Vestibular Sensory Organs After Streptomycin Application On The Lateral Canal, Kwang-Sun Lee, Robert S. Kimura

Scanning Microscopy

Early changes in the vestibular sense organs resulting from the application of a streptomycin sulfate soaked Gelfoam® pledget on the fenestra of the lateral semicircular canal were studied by transmission and scanning electron microscopy. Three days after the application, lesions were present in the central part of the lateral crista. The type I sensory cells were more affected than the type JI cells. These sensory cells showed mitochondrial swelling, cytoplasm protrusion at the cell apex, inclusion of multiple vacuoles, fusion or loss of stereocilia, and pyknotic nuclei. Seven days after the drug application, the sensory cell damage extended to all …

X-Ray Microanalysis Of Endocrine, Exocrine And Intestinal Cells And Organs In Culture: Technical And Physiological Aspects, Romuald Wróblewski, Joanna Wroblewski

Scanning Microscopy

In the present study methods for preparation of cultured cells and organ cultures for analytical electron microscopy are investigated. These methods allow qualitative and quantitative analysis of mobile ions in combination with biochemical or morphological studies. Cultured cells can be easily prepared for analytical microscopy and therefore use of in vitro systems for X-ray microanalysis has increased over the last few years. Two major, anhydrous preparation techniques, by which loss or redistribution of ions is minimized, were used: (1) Cells were cryosectioned and analysis carried out on freeze-dried sections obtained from frozen cell monolayers, pelleted cells or organ cultures. (2) …

Microvascular Pattern Of The Retina In The Japanese Monkey (Macaca Fuscata Fuscata), Shigenori Okada, Yoshikuni Ohta

Scanning Microscopy

The microvascular architecture of the retina in the Japanese monkey was revealed using scanning electron microscopy of microvascular corrosion casts.

At the optic nerve disc, the central retinal artery radiated to four primary retinal arterioles: the superior and inferior temporal arterioles and superior and inferior nasal arterioles. A dense retinal capillary network showed regional differences in density. The capillary networks observed were divided in four parts: the optic nerve disc, macula, equator, and ora serrata. At the optic nerve disc, the network was a multi-laminar structure containing the radial peripapillary capillaries in parallel with the nerve fibers at the innermost …

Induction Of Selective Inner Hair Cell Damage By Carboplatin, S. Takeno, R. V. Harrison, R. J. Mount, M. Wake, Y. Harada

Scanning Microscopy

Carboplatin (diammine [1,1 cyclobutane dicarboxylato (2)-0,0'] platinum) is an anti-cancer agent which can be toxic to the inner ear. We have explored the nature of this ototoxicity in the chinchilla. In this species, initial degenerative changes appear to be restricted to the inner hair cell (IHC) regions of the organ of Corti. This finding is intriguing and unusual since all other known ototoxic drugs, such as aminoglycosides, are predominantly associated with outer hair cell damage.

In the present study, the mechanism of ototoxicity was investigated by comparing two different routes of carboplatin administration. Carboplatin was administered either intravenously (i.v.) or …

Ultrastructural Observations Of The Argonaut Shell, P. R. Mitchell, P. P. Phakey, W. A. Rachinger

Scanning Microscopy

An examination of the ultrastructure of the shell of the cephalopod Argonauta Nodosa was carried out using scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy and polarised light microscopy. The structure of the Argonaut shell was found to consist of an inner and outer prismatic layer separated by a thin central zone which was sparsely occupied by spherulitic crystals. Fluctuations in the width and porosity of the central zone resulted in changes in the shell's opacity and gave rise to the fibrous lines visible in the structure. The central zone was the region of initial growth and was the nucleating point for …

Electron Probe X-Ray Microanalysis Of Epithelial Cells: Aspects Of Cryofixation, Karl Zierold, Hartmut Hentschel, Frank Wehner, Armin Wessing

Scanning Microscopy

Content and distribution of diffusible ions in epithelial cells were studied by scanning transmission electron microscopy and energy dispersive electron probe X-ray microanalysis of freeze-dried cryosections from trout kidney, rat liver and Malpighian tubules of Drosophila larvae. Cryofixation of small excised kidney and liver samples by rapid immersion into liquid propane resulted in intracellular K/Na-ratios < 1. In contrast, K/Na-ratios > 7 were obtained after in situ cryofixation by means of a cryopunching device which allows tissue pieces to be frozen during excision from the intact organ. Isolated hepatocytes cryofixed in a small droplet of culture medium had a K/Na-ratio of 3.7. After culturing the hepatocytes, …