Digital Commons Network^™

Common Epidermal Lesions Of The Bowhead Whale, Balaena Mysticetus, William G. Henk, Dianna L. Mullan

Scanning Microscopy

Samples of common skin abnormalities from 23 subsistence-harvested bowhead whales (Balaena mysticetus) were examined. Most lesions fell into three broad classes: shallow lacerations, circular depressions, and epidermal sloughing. Both circular depression lesions and epidermal sloughing lesions may be divided into more than one subgroup based on morphological criteria. Examination of each of the subgroups using light and scanning electron microscopy suggests relationships among the subgroups of a class. These proposed relationships are discussed, as are some possible etiologies. Scanning electron microscopy reveals abundant bacteria and diatoms present in association with each lesion class but no evidence of a particular association …

Adhesion And Endocytosis Of Calcium Oxalate Crystals On Renal Tubular Cells, Y. Kohjimoto, S. Ebisuno, M. Tamura, T. Ohkawa

Scanning Microscopy

The present investigation was designed to study interactions between Madin-Darby canine kidney (MOCK) cells and calcium oxalate monohydrate (COM) crystals and to clarify the significance of these crystal-cell interactions in stone pathogenesis.

MOCK cells cultured in the presence of COM crystals showed a time-dependent uptake of crystals; this was specific for COM crystals. In the dynamic model system designed to study these phenomena under more physiological conditions, COM crystals adhered to the cell surface and were subsequently internalized. In this endocytotic process, the microvilli of the cell appeared to play an important role. The observation by scanning electron microscopy of …

Regional Standards For Rangeland Health And Guidelines For Livestock Grazing Management ... A Progress Report

Range Management

In August 1995, new BLM regulations for rangeland administration went into effect. The new regulations require BLM to establish regional standards for rangeland health and guidelines for grazing management. This publication is a report on the alternatives being considered for the Montana/Dakotas Rangeland Health Standards and Guidelines process.

Low Calcium Diet In Hypercalciuric Calcium Nephrolithiasis: First Do No Harm, Bernhard Hess

Scanning Microscopy

Many studies indicate that up-regulated production of 1,25(OH)2-vitamin D3 (calcitriol) with increased intestinal absorption of calcium is the primary event causing idiopathic hypercalciuria. Thus, a low calcium diet appears to be a straightforward strategy in calcium stone formers with hypercalciuria (HCSF). However, the efficacy of such a regimen has never been established, and lowering calcium intake from 1000 to 400 mg/day further enhances calcitriol production. On a diet chronically restricted in calcium, many stone formers increase their intake of animal flesh protein. The latter is known to increase renal mass, and calcitriol levels indeed are positively correlated with renal mass …

The Appearance Of Endothelium In Small Arteries After Treatment With 5-Fluorouracil. An Electron Microscopic Study Of Late Effects In Rabbits, M. Cwikiel, J. Eskilsson, J. B. Wieslander, U. Stjernquist, M. Albertsson

Scanning Microscopy

Cardiotoxicity is an unexplained toxic manifestation of 5-fluorouracil (5-FU). Its possible mechanism could be a direct cytotoxic effect on the vascular endothelium. We have tested this hypothesis in an experimental study in rabbits, using scanning and transmission electron microscopic evaluation of endothelium in small arteries (the central artery of the ear). The perfusion fixation method at physiological pressure and temperature was used. Both local and systemic effects of 5-FU on endothelium were studied 1, 3, 7, 14 and 30 days after in vivo treatment with 5-FU. Fifteen rabbits were used and five additional animals served as controls. The following parameters …

Impact Of The Incubation Medium On The Endothelium Of Autologous Vein Grafts: Damage Scoring By Scanning Electron Microscopy, M. A. Konerding, M. Knocks, H. -R. Zerkowski

Scanning Microscopy

The aim of this study was to examine the influence of different incubation media on the morphology of the endothelium of great saphenous vein grafts and establish a suitable scoring system for the evaluation of damage caused by these media. Fifty specimens of saphenous veins from ten patients during elective aorto-coronary bypass surgery were used. Ten specimens served as controls; the others were assigned to test groups and exposed to heparinized whole blood, Bretschneider's HTK, human albumin or Ringer's solution. Specimens exposed to heparinized blood showed only slight morphological alterations, whereas the other three mediums caused severe damage. Thus, heparinized …

Spiral Structures In The Wall Of The Hepatic Venous System In The Dog, Shigenori Okada, Yoshikuni Ohta

Scanning Microscopy

Unique spiral structures, located in the wall of the hepatic venous system in the dog, were examined in the central veins and the hepatic venous branches, utilizing microvascular corrosion casting and freeze-fracture technique in scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron microscopy of tissue sections. The whole hepatic venous system was divided into 4 portions: the central, sublobular, collecting and branches of the hepatic veins. The central vein was spindle-shaped with several compressions. Removing the endothelial cells of the central vein, pathways of venous sinusoids were like a labyrinth. In the sublobular veins, spiral structures distinctly appeared as the diameter increased. …

Microprobe Analysis Of Element Distribution In Rabbit And Dog Erythrocytes As Examples Of "High" And "Low" Potassium Cells, H. R. Catchpole, M. B. Engel

Scanning Microscopy

The concentrations of Na, Mg, P, S, Cl, K and Fe were determined by microprobe in near 100% hematocrit suspensions of rabbit and dog erythrocytes prepared by freezing and drying. These cells are representative, respectively, of "high" potassium, "low" sodium, and "high" sodium, "low" potassium cells. Water contents of the cells were the same, as were, approximately, the levels of Cl, S and Fe. Rabbit P was nearly double that of the dog. For the rabbit, the cell Na/K ratio was 0.21 and for the dog 15.4, illustrating the major diffusible electrolyte difference between these two types of cell. The …

Apoptosis And Red Blood Cell Echinocytosis: Common Features, Alexei B. Chukhlovin

Scanning Microscopy

Apoptosis of nucleated blood cells induced by oxidants and/or reactive oxygen species is accompanied by the typical membrane pathology. Meanwhile, red blood cell (RBC) membrane. is a popular object for studying appropriate cytotoxic effects. Scanning electron microscopy provides a reliable tool for detecting the oxidative changes in RBC shape and size. Transition of normal discoid erythrocytes to crenated forms (echinocytes) is often induced by the same factors which cause apoptosis of blood cells, e.g., ionizing radiation and other reactive oxygen intermediate-inducing agents, exogenous oxidants, in vitro aging conditions, cytosolic calcium increase, etc. Moreover, the biochemical membrane alterations in oxidant-induced echinocytosis …

Pathological And Immunocytochemical Changes In Chronic Calcium Oxalate Nephrolithiasis In The Rat, R. De Water, E. R. Boeve, P. P. M. C. Van Miert, C. P. Vermaire, P. R. W. A. Van Run, L. C. Cao, W. C. De Bruijn, F. H. Schroder

Scanning Microscopy

In the present study, we exposed rats to a crystal-inducing diet (CID) consisting of vitamin D3 and 0.5% ethylene glycol (EG), and we investigated histologically the kidney damage induced by the deposition of calcium oxalate (CaOx) crystals. After 28 days, 50 % of the animals had renal CaOx crystals, of which 60% also had small papillary stones. Most crystals were present in the cortex. The occurrence of these crystals coincided with morphological and cytochemical changes: glomerular damage, tubular dilatation and necrosis, and an enlargement of the interstitium. The number of epithelial and interstitial cells positive for the proliferating cell nuclear …

Touch-Plate And Statolith Formation In Graviceptors Of Ephyrae Which Developed While Weightless In Space, Dorothy B. Spangenberg, Elisa Coccaro, Russell Schwarte, Brian Lowe

Scanning Microscopy

Ultrastructural studies of the statocysts and touch-plates of graviceptors (rhopalia) of Aurelia ephyrae revealed that (1) touch-plate hair cells are present; and (2) cytoplasmic strands from the hair cell bases extend from the neurite plexus to touch similar strands from the lithocytes. This close association of hair cell neurites and statocysts may have important implications regarding the transmitting and processing of positional information with respect to the gravity vector.

Graviceptors of ephyrae which developed while weightless in microgravity were compared with controls at the ultrastructural level. We found that hair cells of ephyrae which developed in microgravity had fewer lipid …

Lectin-Cytochemistry Of Experimental Rat Nephrolithiasis, W. C. De Bruijn, R. De Water, E. R. Boeve, P. R. W. A. Van Run, P. J. Vermaire, P. P. M. C. Van Miert, J. C. Romijn, C. F. Verkoelen, L. C. Cao, F. H. Schroder

Scanning Microscopy

Lectin reactivity in epithelial apical cell coats of normal rat kidneys was compared to that from animals subjected to crystal inducing diets (CID). The aim was to see whether the absence of lectin reactivity in cell coats is related to intratubular calcium oxalate crystal retention. In normal rat kidneys, after a pre-embedding procedure, it was observed that at the ultrastructural level, reactivity was present but that the lectin specificity for the various parts of the nephron might have to be reconsidered. There was heterogeneity between the epithelial cells with respect to the presence of coat material in the tubular cell …

The Influence Of Bull Exposure And Bull Presence On Postpartum Reproductive Physiology And Behavior Of High-Producing Dairy Cows, Milan P. Shipka

Biology

Bull exposure has been shown to hasten the onset of estrous cyclicity in postpartum beef cattle but has not been examined in high producing dairy cattle. This investigation was carried out to examine effects of bull presence on postpartum reproductive characteristics in dairy cattle. Forty-five multiparous dairy cattle were randomly allocated into three groups at the time of calving. Treatments consisted of no bull exposure (NBE), twice daily bull exposure (2xdBE), and continuous bull exposure (CBE). Estrus detection was carried out for all groups for one-half hour twice daily following milking. Systemic progesterone (P₄) was determined from blood …

Reproductive Ecology, Population Genetics, And Clonal Distribution Of The Narrow Endemic: Mirabilis Macfarlanei (Nyctaginaceae), Jennifer L. Barnes

Biology

I examined the reproductive biology and population genetics of the narrow endemic, Mirabilis macfarlanei (Nyctaginaceae) Constance and Rollins, from the Snake and Salmon Rivers in Idaho and Oregon. The results of this study provide further evidence for the proposed effects of rarity on plant reproductive systems and population genetics. Breeding system results indicated that M. macfarlanei is self-compatible, but requires a pollen vector for fertilization. Seed set was not pollen limited, but may be resource limited during others. The major floral visitors were long-tongued bees such as Anthophora spp. and Bombus spp., unlike other species of Mirabilis, which are …

Mortality And Behavior Of Prairie Falcons During The Fledging-Dependence Period, Mary E. Mcfadzen

Biology

The primary focus of my research was to determine the magnitude and causes of mortality of Prairie Falcons (Falco mexicanus) during the fledging-dependence period. In 1992 and 1993, I radio-tagged nestlings prior to fledging and monitored their survival until they emigrated from the study area. Additionally, I quantified parental behavior during the nesting period as well as other factors that have been shown to influence subsequent survivorship. Of the 152 radio-tagged nestlings, 47 died prior to dispersal from their natal territories. Mortality rates were consistent between years, 28% in 1992 and 34% in 1993. The magnitude of mortality …

The Indirect Effects Of Large-Scale Insecticide Spraying On Populations Of Echinacea Angustifolia Dc (Asteraceae) In The North Dakota Badlands, Heidi Kristine Leuszler

Biology

Broad-spectrum insecticide spraying for the control of grasshoppers may have a detrimental effect of native pollinators of western rangelands. Many rangeland plants depend upon such pollinators for successful reproduction. Pollinators also transfer genes between plants via pollen, and pollinator movement between plants is related to pollinator density; thus insecticide application may alter gene movements in a plant population. This study uses a common forb, Echinacea angustifolia, to examine the potential negative effects of insecticide application on gene movements. I first determined the breeding system of E. angustifolia and specifically whether an insect vector is required for reproduction. Flowers set …

Migration Trend And Morphometric Characteristics Of Northern Harriers During Autumn Migration At Cape May Point, New Jersey, Christopher W. Schultz

Biology

There were two primary objectives of this thesis. The first was to test the validity of sampling raptors during autumn migration for the purpose of monitoring trends in populations. The second was to describe morphometric characteristics of northern harriers (Circus cyaneus) during autumn migration in coastal New Jersey and revise the key for sexing and aging harriers captured on the east coast of North America. Harriers were concurrently, but independently, counted and captured during autumn migration at Cape May Point, New Jersey, from 1976 through 1995. All data were standardized to the same 83-day annual study period and …

Utah State University Commencement, 1996 – Main Campus, Utah State University

Commencement Programs

103rd Annual Commencement of Utah State University

Neuronal Tracing Of The Cephalic Nerves In The Medicinal Leech (Hirudo Medicinalis) And Their Possible Synaptic Contact With Retzius Cells In The Leech "Brain", David P. Daberkow

Biology

The hypothesis that prompted my study on the leech (Hirudo medicinalis) stated that sensory affernents from the prostomial lip, via the cephalic nerves, make synaptic contact with Rezius cells in the subesophageal ganglion ("the brain") as part of the circuit that triggers feeding behavior in this animal. Several neuronal tracing substances of different colors were used to study sensory and central neuron morphology. First, cephalic nerves D1, D2, V1, and V2 were backfilled using dextran conjugates, and the resulting patterns of labeled cell bodies and neurites were mapped. Second, a Retzius cell body in the third rostral segment …

The Effects Of Temperature And Rain On The Metabolism Of The American Kestrel (Falco Sparverius), Glenn R. Wilson

Biology

The change in metabolism of birds exposed to rainfall is poorly understood. I measured the rate of oxygen consumption (VO₂) using open-flow respirometry of four male and four female American kestrels (Falco sparverius) during the breeding season at ambient temperatures (T_a) of 5, 10, 15, and 25°C in air without rainfall and then at low (2.5 cm⋅h^-1) rainfall and high (6.1 cm⋅h^-1) rainfall. Trial order was analyzed as a covariate because kestrel responses appeared to decrease in intensity during the 14-wk study period. The VO₂ increased 12.65% at low …

Characterization Of Neutralizing Activity Of Monoclonal Antibodies Towards Murine Cytomegalovirus, Syed M. Malek

Biology

Human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) is an important pathogen producing a wide spectrum of clinical syndromes in immunocompromised patients. HCMV is the most serious opportunistic viral pathogen in AIDS and organ transplant recipients. Once infected, an individual may carry the virus for a lifetime. With diminished immune status, HCMV reactivation often occurs. Murine cytomegalovirus (MCMV) infection in severe combined immunodeficient (SCID) mice is a model for HCMV infection in immunocompromised patients. The SCID mouse model responds to antiviral therapy in a manner similar to HCMV infections in immunodeficient humans. A panel of monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) towards MCMV was generated. Monoclonal antibodies and …

The Effect Of Peer Counseling Training And Experience On Peer Counselors, Holly Day Mcfarland

Undergraduate Honors Capstone Projects

This study was designed to measure improvement in communication skills of 11 peer counselors after training. The instrument utilized was the Interpersonal Communication Inventory which was given in a pretest-treatment-posttest format. The treatment consisted of a three month intensive training program which emphasized improving communication skills in the areas of listening, empathy and understanding. The results indicated that the peer counselors improved their communication skills dramatically. The mean on the pretest was 83.82, while the mean after the treatment was 100.09.

At The New Yorker, Therese Anderson

Undergraduate Honors Capstone Projects

The following essays and letters grew from a notebook I kept while interning at The New Yorker last summer. Each night, in my room at the boardinghouse on 36th Street, I recorded the decorations of the day, like the conversation I had with a prominent writer in the lunchroom, or the sight of a startled shorebird on the front of the office building.

George Crumb And Makrokosmos, Volume 1, Jennelle Anderson

Undergraduate Honors Capstone Projects

In the words of David Burge, "George Crumb provided his listeners with something of the sensation of awe, wonder, and enigmatic beauty that he himself felt concerning the 'mysteries.' He named movements after geological eras, referred to images as coming from 'the dark land,' invented visual symbols for his scores, and concocted numerological schemes. For many listeners these extra musical trappings provided an avenue into the music itself, allowing them to listen to it openly and with interest rather than with resistance and skepticism" (Burge, 1990, p. 212).

No Evidence Of Linkage Between 35 Genetic Markers And The Spider Lamb Syndrome Gene In Sheep, Sarah Thornell South

Undergraduate Honors Capstone Projects

Spider Lamb Syndrome (SLS) is a semi-lethal congenital disorder affecting the Suffolk and Hampshire sheep breeds. The clinical manifestations of the syndrome include severe skeletal and muscular abnormalities with long, fine-boned legs, curvature of the spine and nasal septum, minimal muscling and severe muscle atrophy. The affected animals have a difficult time walking and most lambs do not survive past the first six months of life. A single autosomal recessive gene causes the disorder. Researchers believe the SLS gene arose as a single source mutation in a popular Suffolk blood line in the 1970s. Heterozygous carriers of the SLS gene …

Online, On Trial: Pornography, The Constitution And The Communications Decency Act Of 1996, Brian E. Bowcut

Undergraduate Honors Capstone Projects

Cyberspace, in its present condition has a lot in common with the 19th Century West. It is vast, unmapped, culturally and legally ambiguous ... hard to get around in, and up for grabs. ...It is, of course, a perfect breeding ground for both outlaws and new ideas about liberty...1

So assesses Grateful Dead lyricist-turned-cyberguru John Perry Barlow the new frontier, that vast expanse of computer networks known as the Internet. Yet, in recent months, the law has come to this chaotic domain, where anything goes and nothing remains unsaid. With the passage of the Communications Decency Act of 1996 (CDA), …

The Use Of The Xylose Tolerance Test As An Indicator Of Malabsorption In Cryptosporidiosis, James A. Evans

Undergraduate Honors Capstone Projects

Cryptosporidium parvum, a protozoan parasite infecting epithelial cells lining the intestinal tract of animals and humans, causes fulminate diarrhea and malabsorption of essential nutrients following damage to the cellular brush border. The present study was undertaken to evaluate the use of a pentose sugar (D-xylose) in a standardized tolerance test as an indicator of malabsorption due to cryptosporidiosis in the dexamethasone (DEX)-immunosuppressed adult C57BL/6N mouse model. One group containing 14 experimental mice (in addition to appropriate control groups) was immunosuppressed using daily intraperitoneal injections of DEX (125 μg/mouse). On day 7 postimmunosuppression, mice were inoculated orally with 104 C. …

Development Of An Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay Capable Of Detecting Antibodies Specific To The Cytomegalovirus, Rachel Bird

Undergraduate Honors Capstone Projects

The cytomegalovirus (CMV) is capable of causing serious illness and death in immunocompromised individuals. The objective of this research is to develop a method of detecting antibodies against CMV. This has lead to the development of an Enzyme linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) that is capable of detecting CMV or anti-CMV antibodies. The process in the development of such an assay involves; 1) the purification of Hyperimmune Rabbit Serum containing anti-CMV antibodies, 2) determination of the appropriate concentrations necessary to provide a clear and concise response to the test, and 3) testing of monoclonal antibodies to determine their specificity towards the …

Schaller And Matthiessen Journey Through The Himalayas: Two Contemporary Nature Writers Synthesize Science And Spirituality, Audrie Jane Turner

Undergraduate Honors Capstone Projects

Long before Charles Darwin's time, members of Western civilization viewed the sciences and spirituality as antithetical approaches to life. In the last 150 years, the argument for superiority of one over the other has continued, and Darwin's theories merely intensified the debate. However, American nature writing has evolved in a way that often synthesizes science and spirituality. This thesis will discuss this synthesis, and how two contemporary nature writers have dealt with the combination of science and spirituality in the natural and literary world. The merging of these two seemingly opposed subjects may be one of the most instructive and …

The De Villers Book Of Hours, Kenneth R. Williams

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Created in France during the late fifteenth century, the illuminations, text, and family genealogy (added by one of many owners) found in De Villers Book of Hours make it an excellent example among other French books of hours from this period. In addition to acting as a repository of the style and iconography of French fifteenth-century illumination, the book's rich decorative program and varied textual content provide a remarkable document of contemporary devotional piety.

This thesis provides the first detailed description and analysis of the De Villers Book of Hours. Following a description of books of hours in general, the …