Digital Commons Network^™

Virtual Reality And Oceanography: Overview, Applications, And Perspective, Noah L. Walcutt, Benjamin Knörlein, Tom Sgouros, Ivona Cetinić, Melissa M. Omand

Graduate School of Oceanography Faculty Publications

With the ongoing, exponential increase in ocean data from autonomous platforms, satellites, models, and in particular, the growing field of quantitative imaging, there arises a need for scalable and cost-efficient visualization tools to interpret these large volumes of data. With the recent proliferation of consumer grade head-mounted displays, the emerging field of virtual reality (VR) has demonstrated its benefit in numerous disciplines, ranging from medicine to archeology. However, these benefits have not received as much attention in the ocean sciences. Here, we summarize some of the ways that virtual reality has been applied to this field. We highlight a few …

Biology Of Human Health And Disease Bio 482g, Michael Cerbo

Library Impact Statements

No abstract provided.

Dengue Illness Impacts Daily Human Mobility Patterns In Iquitos, Peru, Kathryn L. Schaber, Valerie A. Paz-Soldan, Amy C. Morrison, William H.D. Elson, Alan L. Rothman, Christopher N. Mores, Helvio Astete-Vega, Thomas W. Scott, Lance A. Waller, Uriel Kitron, John P. Elder, Christopher M. Barker, T. Alex Perkins, Gonzalo M. Vazquez-Prokopec

Cell and Molecular Biology Faculty Publications

Background

Human mobility plays a central role in shaping pathogen transmission by generating spatial and/or individual variability in potential pathogen-transmitting contacts. Recent research has shown that symptomatic infection can influence human mobility and pathogen transmission dynamics. Better understanding the complex relationship between symptom severity, infectiousness, and human mobility requires quantification of movement patterns throughout infectiousness. For dengue virus (DENV), human infectiousness peaks 0–2 days after symptom onset, making it paramount to understand human movement patterns from the beginning of illness.

Methodology and principal findings

Through community-based febrile surveillance and RT-PCR assays, we identified a cohort of DENV+ residents of the …

Biocompatibility Or Toxicology? Oxidative Stress As A Focal Point Of Nanomaterial Design, Thomas Dziubla

Amgen Seminar Series in Chemical Engineering

Of the weapons employed by the body’s defense mechanisms, oxidative stress appears to be the most ubiquitous, non-specific, and damaging. When oxidative mechanisms have been induced (e.g., the leukocyte respiratory burst), it can result in a degenerative cycle of chronic inflammation and cell death, which further stimulates the release of more harsh oxidants. However, under mild conditions, this oxidative stress stimulates tissue regeneration and cellular upregulation of protective mechanisms (e.g., ischemic preconditioning), improving the overall viability and prognosis of tissue health. A delicate balance of pro-oxidant and antioxidant mechanisms constitutively exist to ensure that only the beneficial effects are observed. …

Curriculum And Standards Committee Report No. #2019-20-1, University Of Rhode Island Faculty Senate

Faculty Senate Bills

No abstract provided.

Curriculum And Standards Committee Report No. #2019-20-1, University Of Rhode Island Faculty Senate

Faculty Senate Bills

No abstract provided.

Biology Of Medicine Bio 481x, Michael Cerbo

Library Impact Statements

No abstract provided.

Marine Plastic Pollution Afs 488g, Michael Cerbo

Library Impact Statements

No abstract provided.

Marine Plastic Pollution Afs 488x, Michael Cerbo

Library Impact Statements

No abstract provided.

The Effects Of Supplementing Maternal And Infant Diets With Lipid-Based Nutrient Supplements On Physical Activity And Sedentary Behaviour At Preschool Age In Ghana, Maku E. Ocansey, Anna Pulakka, Seth Adu-Afarwuah, Rebecca R. Young, Sika M. Kumordzie, Harriet Okronipa, Brietta M. Oaks, Kathryn G. Dewey, Elizabeth L. Prado

Nutrition Faculty Publications

Evidence on whether nutritional supplementation affects physical activity (PA) during early childhood is limited. We examined the long-term effects of lipid-based nutrient supplements (LNS) on total PA, moderate-to-vigorous PA (MVPA) and sedentary behaviour (SB) of children at 4–6 years using an accelerometer for 1 week. Their mothers were enrolled in the International Lipid-based Nutrient Supplement-DYAD randomised controlled trial in Ghana, assigned to daily LNS or multiple micronutrients (MMN) during pregnancy through 6 months postpartum or Fe and folic acid (IFA) during pregnancy and placebo for 6 months postpartum. From 6 to 18 months, children in the LNS group received LNS; …

Storm-Induced Predator-Prey Decoupling Promotes Springtime Accumulation Of North Atlantic Phytoplankton, Francoise Morison, Elizabeth Harvey, Gayantonia Franzè, Susanne Menden-Deuer

Graduate School of Oceanography Faculty Publications

We examined the response of North Atlantic plankton population dynamics to rapid re-stratification of surface waters following a deep mixing event during spring. Over the 4-day occupation of a station, we measured phytoplankton growth and grazer/virus-induced mortality rates in dilution assays conducted across a range of light intensities. Rates were estimated from changes in chlorophyll a and the abundance of three phytoplankton groups identified by flow cytometry. Initially, biological and physical water column properties were homogeneous down to >200 m, followed by rapid shoaling of the mixed layer to 20–30 m. Initial in situ chlorophyll a concentration was 0.4 μ …

Media Literacy Education For All Ages, Päivi Rasi, Hanna Vuojärvi, Heli Ruokamo

Journal of Media Literacy Education

This special issue of the Journal of Media Literacy Education explores the role of media literacy across the lifespan. Media literacy education interventions must be designed to meet the needs of individuals of different ages by understanding the life roles and goals that they have across the lifespan. Different pedagogical strategies are required to effectively address the media literacy competencies of young children, teens, adults, parents, and older adults. In old age, media literacy education may support cognitive functioning and social relationships and help people critically assess health-related information and services. Adopting a life course perspective enables the examination of …

Nature And Nurture: How Our Genes And Environments Shape Our Lives Bio 440g, Michael Cerbo

Library Impact Statements

No abstract provided.

Acquisitions Unit Annual Report 2018-2019, Andrée J. Rathemacher

Technical Services Reports and Statistics

Annual Report of the Acquisitions Unit, University Libraries, University of Rhode Island for FY2019. Covers personnel, work flow, special projects, and serial, monograph, and e-resource acquisitions. Supplemental files include data on library materials expenditures by a number of variables as well as important working documents from the year.

Trophic Upgrading And Mobilization Of Wax Esters In Microzooplankton, Keyana Roohani, Brad A. Haubrich, Kai-Lou Yue, Nigel D'Souza, Amanda Montalbano, Tatiana A. Rynearson, Susanne Menden-Deuer, Christopher W. Reid

Graduate School of Oceanography Faculty Publications

Heterotrophic protists play pivotal roles in aquatic ecosystems by transferring matter and energy, including lipids, from primary producers to higher trophic predators. Using Oxyrrhis marina as a model organism, changes to the non-saponifiable protist lipids were investigated under satiation and starvation conditions. During active feeding on the alga Cryptomonas sp., the O. marina hexane soluble non-saponifiable fraction lipid profile reflected its food source with the observed presence of long chain mono-unsaturated fatty alcohols up to C25:1. Evidence of trophic upgrading in O. marina was observed with long chain mono-unsaturated fatty alcohol accumulation of up to C35:1. To the best of …

Bioluminescent Flashes Drive Nighttime Schooling Behavior And Synchronized Swimming Dynamics In Flashlight Fish, David F. Gruber, Brennan Phillips, Rory O'Brien, Vivek Boominathan, Ashok Veeraraghavan, Ganesh Vasan, Peter O'Brien, Vincent A. Pieribone, John S. Sparks

Ocean Engineering Faculty Publications

Schooling fishes, like flocking birds and swarming insects, display remarkable behavioral coordination. While over 25% of fish species exhibit schooling behavior, nighttime schooling has rarely been observed or reported. This is due to vision being the primary modality for schooling, which is corroborated by the fact that most fish schools disperse at critically low light levels. Here we report on a large aggregation of the bioluminescent flashlight fish Anomalops katoptron that exhibited nighttime schooling behavior during multiple moon phases, including the new moon. Data were recorded with a suite of low-light imaging devices, including a high-speed, high-resolution scientific complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor …

Sleeping Unsafely Tucked In To Conserve Energy In A Nocturnal Migratory Songbird, Andrea Ferretti, Niels C. Rattenborg, Thomas Ruf, Scott R. Mcwilliams, Massimiliano Cardinale, Leonida Fusani

Natural Resources Science Faculty Publications

Each spring and fall, millions of normally diurnal birds switch to migrating at night. Most of these are small songbirds (passerine) migrating long distances that need to alternate their migratory flights with refueling stopovers [1,2], which can account for up to 80% of the total migratory period [3]. After a long nocturnal flight, these birds face the contrasting needs to recover sleep and refill depleted energy stores, all while vulnerable to predation [4,5]. Here, we investigated how garden warblers at a Mediterranean stopover site modulate their sleep behavior in relation …

Global Perspectives On Observing Ocean Boundary Current Systems, Robert E. Todd, Francisco P. Chavez, Sophie Clayton, Sophie Cravatte, Marlos Goes, Michelle Graco, Xiaopei Lin, Janet Sprintall, Nathalie V. Zilberman, Matthew Archer, Javier Arístegui, Magdalena Balmaseda, John M. Bane, Molly O. Baringer, John A. Barth, Lisa M. Beal, Peter Brandt, Paulo H. R. Calil, Edmo Campos, Luca R. Centurioni, Maria Paz Chidichimo, Mauro Cirano, Meghan F. Cronin, Enrique N. Curchitser, Russ E. Davis, Marcus Dengler, Brad Deyoung, Shenfu Dong, Ruben Escribano, Andrea J. Fassbender, Sarah E. Fawcett, Ming Feng, Gustavo J. Goni, Alison R. Gray, Dimitri Gutiérrez, Dave Hebert, Rebecca Hummels, Shin-Ichi Ito, Marjorlaine Krug, François Lacan, Lucas Laurindo, Alban Lazar, Craig M. Lee, Matthieu Lengaigne, Naomi M. Levine, John Middleton, Ivonne Montes, Mike Muglia, Takeyoshi Nagai, Hilary I. Palevsky, Jaime B. Palter, Helen E. Phillips, Alberto Piola, Albert J. Plueddemann, Bo Qiu, Regina R. Rodrigues, Moninya Roughan, Daniel L. Rudnick, Ryan R. Rykaczewski, Martin Saraceno, Harvey Seim, Alex Sen Gupta, Lynne Shannon, Bernadette M. Sloyan, Adrienne J. Sutton, Luanne Thompson, Anja K. Van Der Plas, Denis Volkov, John Wilkin, Dongxiao Zhang, Linlin Zhang

Graduate School of Oceanography Faculty Publications

Ocean boundary current systems are key components of the climate system, are home to highly productive ecosystems, and have numerous societal impacts. Establishment of a global network of boundary current observing systems is a critical part of ongoing development of the Global Ocean Observing System. The characteristics of boundary current systems are reviewed, focusing on scientific and societal motivations for sustained observing. Techniques currently used to observe boundary current systems are reviewed, followed by a census of the current state of boundary current observing systems globally. The next steps in the development of boundary current observing systems are considered, leading …

Data Analytics And Applications In The Fashion Industry: Six Innovative Cases, Yue Du

Major Papers by TMD Master of Science Students

No abstract provided.

A Framework For The Development, Design And Implementation Of A Sustained Arctic Ocean Observing System, Craig M. Lee, Sandy Starkweather, Hajo Eicken, Mary-Louise Timmermans, Jeremy Wilkinson, Stein Sandven, Dmitry Dukhovskoy, Sebastian Gerland, Jacqueline Grebmeier, Janet M. Intrieri, Sung-Ho Kang, Molly Mccammon, An T. Nguyen, Igor Polyakov, Benjamin Rabe, Hanne Sagen, Sophie Seeyave, Denis Volkov, Agnieszka Beszczynska-Möller, Léon Chafik, Matthew Dzieciuch, Gustavo Goni, Torill Hamre, Andrew Luke King, Are Olsen, Roshin P. Raj, Thomas Rossby, Øystein Skagseth, Henrik Søiland, Kai Sørensen

Graduate School of Oceanography Faculty Publications

Rapid Arctic warming drives profound change in the marine environment that have significant socio-economic impacts within the Arctic and beyond, including climate and weather hazards, food security, transportation, infrastructure planning and resource extraction. These concerns drive efforts to understand and predict Arctic environmental change and motivate development of an Arctic Region Component of the Global Ocean Observing System (ARCGOOS) capable of collecting the broad, sustained observations needed to support these endeavors. This paper provides a roadmap for establishing the ARCGOOS. ARCGOOS development must be underpinned by a broadly endorsed framework grounded in high-level policy drivers and the scientific and operational …

Developmental Neurobiology Neu 201, Joanna Burkhardt

Library Impact Statements

No abstract provided.

Nephromyces Represents A Diverse And Novel Lineage Of The Apicomplexa That Has Retained Apicoplasts, Sergio A. Munoz-Gomez, Keira Durnin, Laura Eme, Christopher Paight, Christopher E. Lane, Mary B. Saffo, Claudio H. Slamovits

Biological Sciences Faculty Publications

A most interesting exception within the parasitic Apicomplexa is Nephromyces, an extracellular, probably mutualistic, endosymbiont found living inside molgulid ascidian tunicates (i.e., sea squirts). Even though Nephromyces is now known to be an apicomplexan, many other questions about its nature remain unanswered. To gain further insights into the biology and evolutionary history of this unusual apicomplexan, we aimed to 1) find the precise phylogenetic position of Nephromyces within the Apicomplexa, 2) search for the apicoplast genome of Nephromyces, and 3) infer the major metabolic pathways in the apicoplast of Nephromyces. To do this, we sequenced a metagenome …

Alma Link Resolver Title & Issn Report (Top 500) 2018-2019, Andreé J. Rathemacher

Technical Services Reports and Statistics

Statistics for 2018-2019 on the total number of OpenURL requests by journal title and ISSN made to the Ex Libris Alma link resolver for items held by the University of Rhode Island Libraries. Includes only the top 500 journals.

Information provided includes journal Title, ISSN, EISSN, Number of Requests, Number of Clicked Requests, % Clicks from Requests.

Alma Link Resolver Subject Report 2018-2019, Andrée J. Rathemacher

Technical Services Reports and Statistics

Statistics for 2018-2019 on the number of OpenURL requests by Library of Congress classification code made to the Ex Libris Alma link resolver for items held by the University of Rhode Island Libraries.

Information provided includes Classification Code, Classifications, Number of Requests, Number of Clicked Requests, and % Clicks from Requests.

Human Races Are Not Like Dog Breeds: Refuting A Racist Analogy, Heather L. Norton, Ellen E. Quillen, Abigail W. Bigham, Laurel N. Pearson, Holly M. Dunsworth

Sociology and Anthropology Faculty Publications

In 1956, evolutionary biologist J.B.S. Haldane posed a question to anthropologists: “Are the biological differences between human groups comparable with those between groups of domestic animals such as greyhounds and bulldogs…?” It reads as if it were posted on social media today. The analogy comparing human races to dog breeds is not only widespread in history and pop culture, but also sounds like scientific justification for eschewing the social construction of race, or for holding racist beliefs about human nature. Here we answer Haldane’s question in an effort to improve the public understanding of human biological variation and “race”—two phenomena …

Fishery Socioeconomic Outcomes Tool: A Rapid Assessment Tool For Evaluating Socioeconomic Performance Of Fisheries Management, Sarah L. Smith, Rachel Karasik, Aristoteles Stavrinaky, Hirotsugu Uchida, Merrick Burden

Environmental and Natural Resource Economics Faculty Publications

As linked social-ecological systems, evaluating the socioeconomic outcomes of fisheries management is essential to understanding fishery performance. While a number of tools have been developed in recent years to evaluate social and economic outcomes of fisheries, many require extensive data collection, making them difficult to implement on a large scale, while others rely on existing data, limiting their applicability to data-limited fisheries. Additionally, socioeconomic objectives of fisheries are likely to differ substantially between fisheries of different scales operating in different geographic and socio-cultural contexts, making the development of universal indicators and comparing results between fisheries challenging. This paper …

Effects Of Iron And Light Availability On Phytoplankton Photosynthetic Properties In The Ross Sea, Anne-Carlijn Alderkamp, Gert L. Van Dijken, Kate E. Lowry, Kate M. Lewis, Hannah L. Joy-Warren, Willem Van De Poll, Patrick Laan, Loes Gerringa, Tom O. Delmont, Bethany D. Jenkins, Kevin R. Arrigo

Cell and Molecular Biology Faculty Publications

Waters of the Southern Ocean are characterized by high macronutrient concentrations but limited availability of trace metals and light, often making it difficult for phytoplankton to achieve maximum growth rates. One strategy employed by Southern Ocean phytoplankton in culture to cope with low light and low dissolved iron (DFe) is to enhance light absorption by increasing their antenna size rather than the number of reaction centers, thereby reducing their Fe demand. Here we provide physiological evidence that natural populations of Southern Ocean phytoplankton employ a similar photoacclimation strategy to cope with low ambient DFe concentrations. During a research cruise to …

The Scientific And Societal Uses Of Global Measurements Of Subsurface Velocity, Zoltan B. Szuts, Amy S. Bower, Kathleen A. Donohue, James B. Girton, Julia M. Hummon, Katsuro Katsumata, Rick Lumpkin, Peter B. Ortner, Helen E. Phillips, Thomas Rossby, Lynn Keith Shay, Charles Sun, Robert E. Todd

Graduate School of Oceanography Faculty Publications

Ocean velocity defines ocean circulation, yet the available observations of subsurface velocity are under-utilized by society. The first step to address these concerns is to improve visibility of and access to existing measurements, which include acoustic sampling from ships, subsurface float drifts, and measurements from autonomous vehicles. While multiple programs provide data publicly, the present difficulty in finding, understanding, and using these data hinder broader use by managers, the public, and other scientists. Creating links from centralized national archives to project specific websites is an easy but important way to improve data discoverability and access. A further step is to …

The University Of Rhode Island And Indonesia: A 45-Year Retrospective (1974-2019), Michael A. Rice

Fisheries, Animal and Veterinary Sciences Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

Effects Of Land Use, Topography, Climate And Socio-Economic Factors On Geographical Variation Pattern Of Inland Surface Water Quality In China, Qinghui You, Na Fang, Lingling Liu, Wenjing Yang, Li Zhang, Yeqiao Wang

Natural Resources Science Faculty Publications

The deterioration of water quality has become a primary environmental concern worldwide. Understanding the status of water quality and identifying the influencing factors are important for water resources management. However, reported analyses have mostly been conducted in small and focused areas. It is still unclear if factors driving spatial variation in water quality would be different in extended spatial scales. In this paper, we analyzed spatial pattern of inland surface water quality in China using a dataset with four water quality parameters (i.e., pH, DO, NH₄⁺-N and COD_Mn) and the water quality level. We tested …