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A Bayesian State-Space Approach To Improve Biomass Projections For Managing New England Groundfish, Joseph A. Langan Jan 2021

A Bayesian State-Space Approach To Improve Biomass Projections For Managing New England Groundfish, Joseph A. Langan

Open Access Master's Theses

Fisheries management requires regularly assessing stock status and setting catch levels for the coming years. Although data-rich stock assessment models incorporating demographic and biological information are generally preferred, such approaches are often prohibited by either insufficient data or a history of poor performance. In such cases, simpler Index-Based Methods (IBMs) are often used to generate catch advice for a fishery. However, these approaches do not typically forecast future abundance levels or quantify scientific uncertainty, making it difficult to assess the performance of different candidate methods prior to implementation. As a result, there is not a consensus as to which IBMs …

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Effectiveness Of The National Marine Sanctuary Program In Addressing Ocean Noise Effects On Marine Mammals, Kayla N. Williams Jan 2021

Effectiveness Of The National Marine Sanctuary Program In Addressing Ocean Noise Effects On Marine Mammals, Kayla N. Williams

Open Access Master's Theses

Ocean noise has become a persistent global threat to marine mammal habitats. U.S. National Marine Sanctuaries have been regarded as possible ocean noise mitigation tools because of their special focus on conservation of marine resources and their location within key marine mammal habitats; yet previous evaluations of National Marine Sanctuaries have not focused specifically on their effectiveness in addressing ocean noise and its impacts on marine mammals. Using management plan and survey data of 11 U.S. National Marine Sanctuaries, this study investigates 1) the actions that Sanctuaries are taking to address ocean noise impacts from human activities on marine mammals …

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Who’S Minding The Makos? Applications Of Movement Patterns And Habitat Utilization For Management Of Shortfin Mako Shark And Intersection With Offshore Energy Exploration, Maria H. Manz Jan 2021

Who’S Minding The Makos? Applications Of Movement Patterns And Habitat Utilization For Management Of Shortfin Mako Shark And Intersection With Offshore Energy Exploration, Maria H. Manz

Open Access Master's Theses

The absence of coordinated international management for shortfin mako sharks (Isurus oxyrinchus, hereafter: mako) in the Northwest Atlantic Ocean and the Gulf of Mexico, coupled with a lack of knowledge about large-scale mako movements and habitat use, have hampered effective mako shark management in the North Atlantic (Campana, 2016). In addition to fishing pressure, anthropogenic factors like the expansion of oil rigs into deeper pelagic waters and development of offshore wind farms in the Northwest Atlantic are likely to influence mako habitat use (Bailey, Brooks, and Thompson, 2014). Our work used a longitudinal satellite telemetry dataset to investigate …

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Analyzing Hsp104 Chaperone Function In Disassembly Of Amyloid Aggregates In Saccharomyces Cerevisiae Yeast Model System, Negar Rahmani Jan 2021

Analyzing Hsp104 Chaperone Function In Disassembly Of Amyloid Aggregates In Saccharomyces Cerevisiae Yeast Model System, Negar Rahmani

Open Access Master's Theses

There are millions of people affected by neurodegenerative diseases worldwide, and currently there is no presented treatment for neurodegenerative disease, and the treatments available are only to stop symptoms or manage disease progress. Therefore, developing a novel treatment or cure for these diseases has become an urgent matter to the world. However, this only happens when there is a deep understanding of the causes and mechanisms of each disease. A pathological hallmark of neurodegenerative diseases is the accumulation of protein aggregates containing an amyloid conformation. These amyloid fibers are comprised of misfolded proteins that are rich in beta-strands and arrange …

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Socio-Cultural Changes In New England Lobster Fisheries: Policy, Perspective, And Community In Midcoast Maine, Melanie Nash Jan 2021

Socio-Cultural Changes In New England Lobster Fisheries: Policy, Perspective, And Community In Midcoast Maine, Melanie Nash

Open Access Master's Theses

The Maine lobster industry is not only the most valuable local export, but also a part of the state’s culture and identity. Lobster fisheries in Maine are currently facing a number of struggles. These include environmental issues like climate change and warming water temperatures in the Gulf of Maine. These changes are leading to the movement of the lobster population, which in turn is changing how the lobster industry functions. There are also policy changes being proposed right now that could have serious implications for the lobster fishery. Notably, these include new offshore wind development in the Gulf of Maine …

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Characterizing The Seasonal And Environmental Effects On High Frequency Acoustic Fish Tag Detection In Shallow Water Settings, Jacob Bonney Jan 2021

Characterizing The Seasonal And Environmental Effects On High Frequency Acoustic Fish Tag Detection In Shallow Water Settings, Jacob Bonney

Open Access Master's Theses

Networks of high frequency (69kHz) acoustic fish tracking tags and receiver arrays are commonly used by marine biologists and fisheries management programs to determine the spatial and temporal distribution of a marine species. Despite the widespread use of these networks for monitoring fish movement ecology, there is often limited information to inform suitable receiver array spacing for optimal detection probability, or confidence estimates in tag detections. This is further confounded by the effects that seasonal and environmental changes can have on acoustic propagation. To evaluate these effects, the effective range of high frequency acoustic transmitters for medium and large fish …

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Applying Model Approaches In Non-Model Systems: A Review And Case Study On Coral Cell Culture, Liza M. Roger, Hannah G. Reich, Evan Lawrence, Shuaifeng Li, Whitney Vizgaudis, Nathan Brenner, Lokender Kumar, Judith Klein-Seetharaman, Jinkyu Yang, Hollie M. Putnam, Nastassja A. Lewinski Jan 2021

Applying Model Approaches In Non-Model Systems: A Review And Case Study On Coral Cell Culture, Liza M. Roger, Hannah G. Reich, Evan Lawrence, Shuaifeng Li, Whitney Vizgaudis, Nathan Brenner, Lokender Kumar, Judith Klein-Seetharaman, Jinkyu Yang, Hollie M. Putnam, Nastassja A. Lewinski

Biological Sciences Faculty Publications

Model systems approaches search for commonality in patterns underlying biological diversity and complexity led by common evolutionary paths. The success of the approach does not rest on the species chosen but on the scalability of the model and methods used to develop the model and engage research. Fine-tuning approaches to improve coral cell cultures will provide a robust platform for studying symbiosis breakdown, the calcification mechanism and its disruption, protein interactions, micronutrient transport/exchange, and the toxicity of nanoparticles, among other key biological aspects, with the added advantage of minimizing the ethical conundrum of repeated testing on ecologically threatened organisms. The …

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Three-Dimensional Mapping Reveals Scale-Dependent Dynamics In Biogenic Reef Habitat Structure, Tim Jackson-Bué, Gareth J. Williams, Guy Walker-Springett, Steven J. Rowlands, Andrew J. Davies Jan 2021

Three-Dimensional Mapping Reveals Scale-Dependent Dynamics In Biogenic Reef Habitat Structure, Tim Jackson-Bué, Gareth J. Williams, Guy Walker-Springett, Steven J. Rowlands, Andrew J. Davies

Biological Sciences Faculty Publications

Habitat structure influences a broad range of ecological interactions and ecosystem functions across biomes. To understand and effectively manage dynamic ecosystems, we need detailed information about habitat properties and how they vary across spatial and temporal scales. Measuring and monitoring variation in three-dimensional (3D) habitat structure has traditionally been challenging, despite recognition of its importance to ecological processes. Modern 3D mapping technologies present opportunities to characterize spatial and temporal variation in habitat structure at a range of ecologically relevant scales. Biogenic reefs are structurally complex and dynamic habitats, in which structure has a pivotal influence on ecosystem biodiversity, function and …

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Performance Of A Native Butterfly And Introduced Moth On Native And Introduced Lineages Of Phragmites Australis, Adam M. Lambert, Lisa A. Tewksbury, Richard A. Casagrande Jan 2021

Performance Of A Native Butterfly And Introduced Moth On Native And Introduced Lineages Of Phragmites Australis, Adam M. Lambert, Lisa A. Tewksbury, Richard A. Casagrande

Plant Sciences and Entomology Faculty Publications

This study examined the performance of Poanes viator (Edwards) (Hesperiidae), a native North American skipper, and Rhizedra lutosa (Hübner) (Noctuidae), an introduced moth, reared on native and non-native, invasive lineages of Phragmites australis. Poanes viator is a generalist on monocots and larvae were also fed leaves of Zizania aquatica, a native macrophyte that the skipper commonly uses as a host plant. Larval survival and duration, pupal weight, and pupation time were compared for P. viator feeding on leaf tissue and R. lutosa feeding on rhizomes of either native or introduced plants. We also tested an artificial diet supplemented with P. …

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Entomological Risk Assessment For Dengue Virus Transmission During 2016-2020 In Kamphaeng Phet, Thailand, Thanyalak Fansiri, Darunee Buddhari, Nattaphol Pathawong, Arissara Pongsiri, Chonticha Klungthong, Sopon Iamsirithaworn, Anthony R. Jones, Stefan Fernandez, Anon Srikiatkhachorn, Alan L. Rothman, Kathryn B. Anderson, Stephen J. Thomas, Timothy P. Endy, Alongkot Ponlawat Jan 2021

Entomological Risk Assessment For Dengue Virus Transmission During 2016-2020 In Kamphaeng Phet, Thailand, Thanyalak Fansiri, Darunee Buddhari, Nattaphol Pathawong, Arissara Pongsiri, Chonticha Klungthong, Sopon Iamsirithaworn, Anthony R. Jones, Stefan Fernandez, Anon Srikiatkhachorn, Alan L. Rothman, Kathryn B. Anderson, Stephen J. Thomas, Timothy P. Endy, Alongkot Ponlawat

Institute for Immunology and Informatics Faculty Publications

Individual houses with high risks of dengue virus (DENV) transmission might be a source of virus transmission within the neighborhood. We conducted an entomological risk assessment for DENV transmission at the household level, comprising family cohort members residing in the same location, to assess the risk for dengue virus transmitted by mosquito vectors. The studies were conducted in Kamphaeng Phet Province, Thailand, during 2016–2020. Entomological investigations were performed in 35 cohort families on day 1 and day 14 after receiving dengue case reports. DENV was found in 22 Aedes samples (4.9%) out of 451 tested samples. A significantly higher DENV …

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A Counter-History Of Rhetorical Ecologies, Madison Jones Jan 2021

A Counter-History Of Rhetorical Ecologies, Madison Jones

Professional and Public Writing Faculty Publications

In this essay, I argue that the ecological turn in rhetorical studies has produced spatiotemporal problems and that these problems are directly tied to the material disciplinary history of ecosystems ecology and its connections to the Anthropocene violence of nuclear colonialism. These spatiotemporal concerns result from rhetoric’s “ecological moment”—a kairotic framework that emphasizes flux but elides material histories. Building from rhetorical scholarship in decolonial historiography and place-based methods, I offer a counterhistory of ecology to demonstrate how our field can better engage with the dynamic narrative pasts that shape contemporary rhetorical ecological inquiry. Through this counterhistory, I provide a method …

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Deep Mapping For Environmental Communication Design, Shannon Butts, Madison Jones Jan 2021

Deep Mapping For Environmental Communication Design, Shannon Butts, Madison Jones

Professional and Public Writing Faculty Publications

This article shares lessons from designing EcoTour, a multimedia environmental advocacy project in a state park, and it describes theoretical, practical, and pedagogical connections between locative media and community-engaged design. While maps can help share information about places, people, and change, they also limit how we visualize complex stories. Using deep mapping, and blending augmented reality with digital maps, EcoTour helps people understand big problems like climate change within the context of their local community. This article demonstrates the rhetorical potential of community-engaged design strategies to affect users, prompt action, and create more democratic discourse in environmental communication.

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Indigenizing Ecosystem Management In Rhode Island, Jackson Cox Jan 2021

Indigenizing Ecosystem Management In Rhode Island, Jackson Cox

Open Access Master's Theses

This project interviewed members of the Narragansett Tribe on the concerns the Tribe has with climate change. Following the guidelines of decolonizing methodologies and the concept of Indigenizing futures, this project aimed to be as respectful and useful to the Narragansett Tribe as possible. The project delves into current and future Narragansett concerns the Narragansett regarding climate change, and it identifies some of the cultural, historical, and societal factors that inform their viewpoints on climate change and climate change adaptation. Some of the concerns for the Tribe included: air quality, the health of forest resources, and energy production and consumption. …

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Advances In The Arms Race Between Silkworm And Baculovirus, Liang Jiang, Marian R. Goldsmith, Qingyou Xia Jan 2021

Advances In The Arms Race Between Silkworm And Baculovirus, Liang Jiang, Marian R. Goldsmith, Qingyou Xia

Biological Sciences Faculty Publications

Insects are the largest group of animals. Nearly all organisms, including insects, have viral pathogens. An important domesticated economic insect is the silkworm moth Bombyx mori. B. mori nucleopolyhedrovirus (BmNPV) is a typical baculovirus and a primary silkworm pathogen. It causes major economic losses in sericulture. Baculoviruses are used in biological pest control and as a bioreactor. Silkworm and baculovirus comprise a well-established model of insect–virus interactions. Several recent studies have focused on this model and provided novel insights into viral infections and host defense. Here, we focus on baculovirus invasion, silkworm immune response, baculovirus evasion of host immunity, …

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Exploring Social-Ecological Trade-Offs In Fisheries Using A Coupled Food Web And Human Behavior Model, Anne A. Innes-Gold, Tyler Pavlowich, Margaret Heinichen, M. Conor Mcmanus, Jason Mcnamee, Jeremy Collie, Austin T. Humphries Jan 2021

Exploring Social-Ecological Trade-Offs In Fisheries Using A Coupled Food Web And Human Behavior Model, Anne A. Innes-Gold, Tyler Pavlowich, Margaret Heinichen, M. Conor Mcmanus, Jason Mcnamee, Jeremy Collie, Austin T. Humphries

Fisheries, Animal and Veterinary Sciences Faculty Publications

Marine fisheries represent a social-ecological system driven by both complex ecological processes and human interactions. Ecosystem-based fisheries management requires an understanding of both the biological and social components, and management failure can occur when either are excluded. Despite the significance of both, most research has focused on characterizing biological uncertainty rather than on better understanding the impacts of human behavior because of the difficulty of incorporating human behavior into simulation models. In this study, we use the fisheries in Narragansett Bay (Rhode Island, USA) as a case study to demonstrate how coupled modeling can be used to represent interactions between …

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Draft Genome Sequence Of Salegentibacter Sp. Strain Bdj18, A Plankton-Associated Bacterium In The Northeast Atlantic Ocean, Elizabeth J. Mcdermith, Alexa R. Sterling, Matthew J. Bertin, Bethany D. Jenkins Jan 2021

Draft Genome Sequence Of Salegentibacter Sp. Strain Bdj18, A Plankton-Associated Bacterium In The Northeast Atlantic Ocean, Elizabeth J. Mcdermith, Alexa R. Sterling, Matthew J. Bertin, Bethany D. Jenkins

Cell and Molecular Biology Faculty Publications

Salegentibacter sp. strain BDJ18 was isolated from a plankton-associated seawater sample from the northeast Atlantic Ocean. We report its draft genome assembly, which includes genes potentially important for microbial interactions in the marine environment.

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Novel Use Of Species Distribution Modeling To Identify High Priority Sites For American Woodcock Habitat Management, Bill Buffum, Roger Masse, Scott R. Mcwilliams Jan 2021

Novel Use Of Species Distribution Modeling To Identify High Priority Sites For American Woodcock Habitat Management, Bill Buffum, Roger Masse, Scott R. Mcwilliams

Natural Resources Science Faculty Publications

Most species distribution models (SDMs) predict the probability of presence (POP) of a species at any location based on an analysis of known occurrences and environmental variables; however, such SDMs cannot predict how much the POP of a species that requires young forest would change if a new patch of young forest is created at a certain location. We developed a new SDM tool to identify and prioritize sites where forest management efforts to create young forest vegetation would likely have the most positive effect for Scolopax minor (American Woodcock), an important umbrella species for other birds that require …

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Carbon Nanotube–Liposome Complexes In Hydrogels For Controlled Drug Delivery Via Near-Infrared Laser Stimulation, S. Zahra M. Madani, Mohammad Moein Safaee, Mitchell Gravely, Carolynn Silva, Stephen Kennedy, Geoffrey D. Bothun, Daniel E. Roxbury Dec 2020

Carbon Nanotube–Liposome Complexes In Hydrogels For Controlled Drug Delivery Via Near-Infrared Laser Stimulation, S. Zahra M. Madani, Mohammad Moein Safaee, Mitchell Gravely, Carolynn Silva, Stephen Kennedy, Geoffrey D. Bothun, Daniel E. Roxbury

Chemical, Biomolecular, and Materials Engineering Faculty Publications

Externally controllable drug delivery systems are crucial for a variety of biological applications where the dosage and timing of drug delivery need to be adjusted based on disease diagnosis and progression. Here, we have developed an externally controllable drug delivery system by combining three extensively used platforms: hydrogels, liposomes, and single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs). We have developed carbon nanotube–liposome complexes (CLCs) and incorporated these structures into a 3D alginate hydrogel for use as an optically controlled drug delivery system. The CLC structures were characterized by using a variety of imaging and spectroscopic techniques, and an optimal SWCNT/lipid ratio was selected. …

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Offshore Wind Projects And Fisheries: Conflict And Engagement In The United Kingdom And The United States, Claire Haggett, Talya Ten Brink, Aaron Russell, Michael Roach, Jeremy Firestone, Tracey Dalton, Bonnie J. Mccay Dec 2020

Offshore Wind Projects And Fisheries: Conflict And Engagement In The United Kingdom And The United States, Claire Haggett, Talya Ten Brink, Aaron Russell, Michael Roach, Jeremy Firestone, Tracey Dalton, Bonnie J. Mccay

Marine Affairs Faculty Publications

A just transition to renewable energy requires accounting for the effects of offshore wind projects (OWPs) on the fishing industry. Research on the interaction of OWPs with coastal communities and fisheries in the United Kingdom and the United States offers insights into minimizing conflict and enhancing constructive engagement between fishers and wind energy developers. Recent innovations include earlier and more meaningful inclusion of fisheries representatives in planning and decision-making, involving fisheries liaisons in the process, and conducting more cumulative studies and taking collaborative approaches to considering the effects of OWP on fishing.

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Examining The Consumer Restaurant Environment And Dietary Intake In Children, Shannon M. Robson, Maya Vadiveloo, Sarah Green, Sarah C. Couch, James F. Sallis, Karen Glanz, Brian E. Saelens Dec 2020

Examining The Consumer Restaurant Environment And Dietary Intake In Children, Shannon M. Robson, Maya Vadiveloo, Sarah Green, Sarah C. Couch, James F. Sallis, Karen Glanz, Brian E. Saelens

Nutrition Faculty Publications

Within the away-from-home food environment there is a need to account for individual exposure (e.g., frequency of visitation) to that environment. The present study examined the consumer environment in both proximal and visited restaurants and their association with childrens’ diet quality and anthropometrics. A cross-sectional analysis used baseline data from the Neighborhood Impact on Kids (NIK) study (2007–2009). Participants were 6–12-year-olds living in King County, WA and San Diego County, CA. This analysis (conducted 2019–2020) examined relationships between nearby restaurant count, Nutrition Environment Measures Survey in Restaurants (NEMS-R) within the child’s block group, and weighted NEMS-R scores based on the …

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Delimiting Cryptic Morphological Variation Among Human Malaria Vector Species Using Convolutional Neural Networks, Jannelle Couret, Danilo C. Moreira, Davin Bernier, Aria Mia Mia Loberti, Ellen M. Dotson, Marco Alvarez Dec 2020

Delimiting Cryptic Morphological Variation Among Human Malaria Vector Species Using Convolutional Neural Networks, Jannelle Couret, Danilo C. Moreira, Davin Bernier, Aria Mia Mia Loberti, Ellen M. Dotson, Marco Alvarez

Computer Science and Statistics Faculty Publications

Deep learning is a powerful approach for distinguishing classes of images, and there is a growing interest in applying these methods to delimit species, particularly in the identification of mosquito vectors. Visual identification of mosquito species is the foundation of mosquito-borne disease surveillance and management, but can be hindered by cryptic morphological variation in mosquito vector species complexes such as the malaria-transmitting Anopheles gambiae complex. We sought to apply Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) to images of mosquitoes as a proof-of-concept to determine the feasibility of automatic classification of mosquito sex, genus, species, and strains using whole-body, 2D images of mosquitoes. …

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Degradation Of Mind Oscillator Complexes By Escherichia Coli Clpxp, Christopher J. Labreck, Catherine E. Trebino, Colby N. Ferreira, Josiah Morrison, Eric C. Dibiasio, Joseph Conti, Jodi L. Camberg Dec 2020

Degradation Of Mind Oscillator Complexes By Escherichia Coli Clpxp, Christopher J. Labreck, Catherine E. Trebino, Colby N. Ferreira, Josiah Morrison, Eric C. Dibiasio, Joseph Conti, Jodi L. Camberg

Cell and Molecular Biology Faculty Publications

MinD is a cell division ATPase in Escherichia coli that os- cillates from pole to pole and regulates the spatial position of the cell division machinery. Together with MinC and MinE, the Min system restricts assembly of the FtsZ-ring to midcell, oscillating between the opposite ends of the cell and preventing FtsZ-ring misassembly at the poles. Here, we show that the ATP-dependent bacterial proteasome complex ClpXP degrades MinD in reconstituted degradation reactions in vitro and in vivo through direct recognition of the MinD N-terminal region. MinD degradation is enhanced during stationary phase, suggesting that ClpXP regulates levels of MinD in …

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Metabolic Contributions Of An Alphaproteobacterial Endosymbiont In The Apicomplexan Cardiosporidium Cionae, Elizabeth Sage Hunter, Christopher Paight, Christopher E. Lane Dec 2020

Metabolic Contributions Of An Alphaproteobacterial Endosymbiont In The Apicomplexan Cardiosporidium Cionae, Elizabeth Sage Hunter, Christopher Paight, Christopher E. Lane

Biological Sciences Faculty Publications

Apicomplexa is a diverse protistan phylum composed almost exclusively of metazoan-infecting parasites, including the causative agents of malaria, cryptosporidiosis, and toxoplasmosis. A single apicomplexan genus, Nephromyces, was described in 2010 as a mutualist partner to its tunicate host. Here we present genomic and transcriptomic data from the parasitic sister species to this mutualist, Cardiosporidium cionae, and its associated bacterial endosymbiont. Cardiosporidium cionae and Nephromyces both infect tunicate hosts, localize to similar organs within these hosts, and maintain bacterial endosymbionts. Though many other protists are known to harbor bacterial endosymbionts, these associations are completely unknown in Apicomplexa outside of …

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The Energy Savings-Oxidative Cost Trade- Off For Migratory Birds During Endurance Flight, Scott R. Mcwilliams, Barbara Pierce, Andrea Wittenzellner, Lillie Langlois, Sophia Engel, John R. Speakman, Olivia Fatica, Kristen J. Demoranville, Wolfgang Goymann, Lisa Trost, Amadeusz Bryla, Maciej Dzialo, Edyta Sadowska, Ulf Bauchinger Dec 2020

The Energy Savings-Oxidative Cost Trade- Off For Migratory Birds During Endurance Flight, Scott R. Mcwilliams, Barbara Pierce, Andrea Wittenzellner, Lillie Langlois, Sophia Engel, John R. Speakman, Olivia Fatica, Kristen J. Demoranville, Wolfgang Goymann, Lisa Trost, Amadeusz Bryla, Maciej Dzialo, Edyta Sadowska, Ulf Bauchinger

Natural Resources Science Faculty Publications

Elite human and animal athletes must acquire the fuels necessary for extreme feats, but also contend with the oxidative damage associated with peak metabolic performance. Here, we show that a migratory bird with fuel stores composed of more omega-6 polyunsaturated fats (PUFA) expended 11% less energy during long-duration (6 hr) flights with no change in oxidative costs; however, this short-term energy savings came at the long-term cost of higher oxidative damage in the omega-6 PUFA-fed birds. Given that fatty acids are primary fuels, key signaling molecules, the building blocks of cell membranes, and that oxidative damage has long-term consequences for …

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The Female Face Of Misogyny: A Review Of Decriminalizing Domestic Violence: A Balanced Policy Approach To Intimate Partner Violence By Leigh Goodmark And The Feminist War On Crime: The Unexpected Role Of Women's Liberation In Mass Incarceration By Aya Gruber, Dianne L. Post Dec 2020

The Female Face Of Misogyny: A Review Of Decriminalizing Domestic Violence: A Balanced Policy Approach To Intimate Partner Violence By Leigh Goodmark And The Feminist War On Crime: The Unexpected Role Of Women's Liberation In Mass Incarceration By Aya Gruber, Dianne L. Post

Dignity: A Journal of Analysis of Exploitation and Violence

No abstract provided.

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Offshore Wind Energy And Benthic Habitat Changes Lessons From Block Island Wind Farm, Zoë L. Hutchison, Monique Lafrance Bartley, Steven Degraer, Paul English, Anwar Khan, Julia Livermore, Bob Rumes, John W. King Dec 2020

Offshore Wind Energy And Benthic Habitat Changes Lessons From Block Island Wind Farm, Zoë L. Hutchison, Monique Lafrance Bartley, Steven Degraer, Paul English, Anwar Khan, Julia Livermore, Bob Rumes, John W. King

Graduate School of Oceanography Faculty Publications

The Block Island Wind Farm (BIWF), situated offshore of Block Island, Rhode Island, is the first commercial offshore wind farm (OWF) in the United States. We briefly review pre-siting studies, which provide contextual information about the benthic habitats and fish in the Block Island Sound area before the BIWF jacket foundations were installed in 2015. We focus on benthic monitoring that took place within the BIWF. This monitoring allowed for assessments of spatiotemporal changes in sediment grain size, organic enrichment, and macrofauna, as well as the colonization of the jacket structures, up to four years post-installation. The greatest benthic modifications …

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Instrument Bias Correction With Machine Learning Algorithms: Application To Field-Portable Mass Spectrometry, Brice Loose, R. T. Short, S. Toler Dec 2020

Instrument Bias Correction With Machine Learning Algorithms: Application To Field-Portable Mass Spectrometry, Brice Loose, R. T. Short, S. Toler

Graduate School of Oceanography Faculty Publications

In situ sensors for environmental chemistry promise more thorough observations, which are necessary for high confidence predictions in earth systems science. However, these can be a challenge to interpret because the sensors are strongly influenced by temperature, humidity, pressure, or other secondary environmental conditions that are not of direct interest. We present a comparison of two statistical learning methods—a generalized additive model and a long short-term memory neural network model for bias correction of in situ sensor data. We discuss their performance and tradeoffs when the two bias correction methods are applied to data from submersible and shipboard mass spectrometers. …

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The World Is Our Oyster: Natural Products Used In Medicine Today, Michaela Anelundi Dec 2020

The World Is Our Oyster: Natural Products Used In Medicine Today, Michaela Anelundi

Senior Honors Projects

The world will always demand further development in the pharmaceutical field. Recent times have shown us how devastating a disease can be when there is no cure available. Many scientists dedicate their lives to find such cures, turning to the outside world for assistance by choosing active components within natural products, whether that be flora or fauna. A large portion of this world waits to be explored, and there is no telling where a medicinal ingredient may be found. Many natural products that we encounter in our day to day lives are used for medicinal purposes of all shapes and …

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Life In The Medical Field Before, During, And Projected After Covid19, Eliza Clarke Dec 2020

Life In The Medical Field Before, During, And Projected After Covid19, Eliza Clarke

Senior Honors Projects

My podcast “Life in the Medical Field Before, During, and Projected After COVID19” is a mini-series podcast in which I interviewed different members of a local primary care office about their thoughts and experiences being on the frontlines during a global pandemic that escalated exponentially in March of 2020. Lack of PPE and preparation for such a situation caused an already stressful job to become overwhelming where healthcare workers were risking their lives every day to save the lives of others. The goal of this project was to capture how life in this setting has changed during the different stages …

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Characterizing The Impact Of Adversity, Abuse, And Neglect On Adolescent Amygdala Resting-State Functional Connectivity, Theresa W. Cheng, Kathryn L. Mills, Oscar Miranda Dominguez, Dagmar Zeithamova, Anders Perrone, Darrick Sturgeon, Sarah W. Feldstein Ewing, Philip A. Fisher, Jennifer H. Pfeifer, Damien A. Fair, Kristen L. Mackiewicz Seghete Dec 2020

Characterizing The Impact Of Adversity, Abuse, And Neglect On Adolescent Amygdala Resting-State Functional Connectivity, Theresa W. Cheng, Kathryn L. Mills, Oscar Miranda Dominguez, Dagmar Zeithamova, Anders Perrone, Darrick Sturgeon, Sarah W. Feldstein Ewing, Philip A. Fisher, Jennifer H. Pfeifer, Damien A. Fair, Kristen L. Mackiewicz Seghete

Psychology Faculty Publications

Characterizing typologies of childhood adversity may inform the development of risk profiles and corresponding interventions aimed at mitigating its lifelong consequences. A neurobiological grounding of these typologies requires systematic comparisons of neural structure and function among individuals with different exposure histories. Using seed-to-whole brain analyses, this study examined associations between childhood adversity and amygdala resting-state functional connectivity (rs-fc) in adolescents aged 11–19 years across three independent studies (N = 223; 127 adversity group) in both general and dimensional models of adversity (comparing abuse and neglect). In a general model, adversity was associated with altered amygdala rs-fc with clusters within the …

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