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Articles 11131 - 11160 of 11796
Full-Text Articles in Entire DC Network
Acute Effects Of Self-Paced Walking On Smoking Withdrawal And Cravings, Magdalena Katomeri
Acute Effects Of Self-Paced Walking On Smoking Withdrawal And Cravings, Magdalena Katomeri
School of Psychology Theses
High relapse rates among smokers attempting to quit have been linked with failure to cope with cigarette cravings and withdrawal symptoms. Smoking cravings and withdrawal behavior is known to be influenced by stress and exposure to smoking cues. Exercise appears to reduce cigarette cravings and withdrawal symptoms. However no study has investigated the effects of exercise on cue-elicited cravings and withdrawal symptoms, or on ad libitum smoking behavior. Aim: Four experimental studies were designed to examine the effects of exercise on smoking behavior. Initial studies focused on the effects of a single session of brisk walk on cigarette cravings and …
Physical And Link Layer Implications In Vehicle Ad Hoc Networks, Ghassan Mohammed Taha Abdalla
Physical And Link Layer Implications In Vehicle Ad Hoc Networks, Ghassan Mohammed Taha Abdalla
School of Engineering, Computing and Mathematics Theses
Vehicle Ad hoc Networks (V ANET) have been proposed to provide safety on the road and deliver road traffic information and route guidance to drivers along with commercial applications. However the challenges facing V ANET are numerous. Nodes move at high speeds, road side units and basestations are scarce, the topology is constrained by the road geometry and changes rapidly, and the number of nodes peaks suddenly in traffic jams. In this thesis we investigate the physical and link layers of V ANET and propose methods to achieve high data rates and high throughput. For the physical layer, we examine …
Impact Of Land Fragmentation And Resource Ownership On Productivity And Efficiency: The Case Of Rice Producers In Bangladesh, S Rahman, M Rahman
Impact Of Land Fragmentation And Resource Ownership On Productivity And Efficiency: The Case Of Rice Producers In Bangladesh, S Rahman, M Rahman
School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences
The paper analyzes the impact of land fragmentation and ownership of resources on productivity and technical efficiency in rice production in Bangladesh using farm level survey data. Results reveal that land fragmentation has a significant detrimental effect on productivity and efficiency as expected. The elasticity estimates of land fragmentation reveal that a 1% increase in land fragmentation reduces rice output by 0.05% and efficiency by 0.03%. On the other hand, ownership of key resources (land, family labour, and draft animals) significantly increases efficiency. The mean elasticity estimates reveal that a 1% increase in family labour and owned draft animal improve …
'Country Life'? Rurality, Folk Music And 'Show Of Hands', Richard Yarwood, Clive Charlton
'Country Life'? Rurality, Folk Music And 'Show Of Hands', Richard Yarwood, Clive Charlton
School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences
No abstract provided.
Statistics Of Natural Movements Are Reflected In Motor Errors, Ian S. Howard, James N. Ingram, Kp Koerding, Daniel M. Wolpert
Statistics Of Natural Movements Are Reflected In Motor Errors, Ian S. Howard, James N. Ingram, Kp Koerding, Daniel M. Wolpert
School of Engineering, Computing and Mathematics
No abstract provided.
Design, Manufacture, Mechanical Testing And Numerical Modelling Of An Asymmetric Composite Crossbow Limb, Amandeep S. Virk, J. Summerscales, W. Hall, S. M. Grove, M. E. Miles
Design, Manufacture, Mechanical Testing And Numerical Modelling Of An Asymmetric Composite Crossbow Limb, Amandeep S. Virk, J. Summerscales, W. Hall, S. M. Grove, M. E. Miles
School of Engineering, Computing and Mathematics
This paper considers the design, manufacture, mechanical testing and numerical analysis of a crossbow beam (limb). The limb should be lightweight and permit a high deflection of the beam's tip in order to achieve a good ballistic performance. Consequently, fibre-reinforced polymer matrix composites are suitable candidate materials. However, carbon fibres were considered too brittle for this application. Aramid fibres combine low density and high stiffness but are weak in compression. E-glass fibres are relatively flexible but are of high density. The optimised design developed here uses aramid fibres on the tension face with E-glass fibres on the compression side. This …
What Determines Auditory Similarity? The Effect Of Stimulus Group And Methodology., Kirsteen M. Aldrich, Elizabeth J. Hellier, Judy Edworthy
What Determines Auditory Similarity? The Effect Of Stimulus Group And Methodology., Kirsteen M. Aldrich, Elizabeth J. Hellier, Judy Edworthy
School of Psychology
Two experiments on the internal representation of auditory stimuli compared the pairwise and grouping methodologies as means of deriving similarity judgements. A total of 45 undergraduate students participated in each experiment, judging the similarity of short auditory stimuli, using one of the methodologies. The experiments support and extend Bonebright's (1996) findings, using a further 60 stimuli. Results from both methodologies highlight the importance of category information and acoustic features, such as root mean square (RMS) power and pitch, in similarity judgements. Results showed that the grouping task is a viable alternative to the pairwise task with N > 20 sounds whilst …
Predicting Global Habitat Suitability For Stony Corals On Seamounts, Derek P. Tittensor, Amy R. Baco, Paul E. Brewin, Malcolm R. Clark, Mireille Consalvey, Jason Hall-Spencer, Ashley A. Rowden, Thomas Schlacher, Karen I. Stocks, Alex D. Rogers
Predicting Global Habitat Suitability For Stony Corals On Seamounts, Derek P. Tittensor, Amy R. Baco, Paul E. Brewin, Malcolm R. Clark, Mireille Consalvey, Jason Hall-Spencer, Ashley A. Rowden, Thomas Schlacher, Karen I. Stocks, Alex D. Rogers
School of Biological and Marine Sciences
No abstract provided.
Web 3d For Public, Environmental And Occupational Health: Early Examples From Second Life®., Boulos Mn Kamel, Rameshsharma Ramloll, Ray Jones, Susan Toth-Cohen
Web 3d For Public, Environmental And Occupational Health: Early Examples From Second Life®., Boulos Mn Kamel, Rameshsharma Ramloll, Ray Jones, Susan Toth-Cohen
School of Nursing and Midwifery
No abstract provided.
Undergraduate Research Journals: Praising Success But Recognising Doubt And Even "Failure", Alan Jenkins
Undergraduate Research Journals: Praising Success But Recognising Doubt And Even "Failure", Alan Jenkins
The Plymouth Student Scientist
Editorial
Expression And Localisation Of Wave Isoforms In Human Schwann And Schwannoma Cells, Marei Caroline Schmid
Expression And Localisation Of Wave Isoforms In Human Schwann And Schwannoma Cells, Marei Caroline Schmid
The Plymouth Student Scientist
Schwannoma, the main tumours associated with Neurofibromatosis Type II, are caused by loss of function mutations in the NF2 gene, encoding for the tumour suppressor Merlin. Schwannoma cells display protrusive structures, due to deregulation of the cytoskeleton. The cytoskeleton is controlled by small Rho GTPases, such as Rac1 and Cdc42, known to be activated continuously in merlin-deficient human schwannoma cells (NF2-/-). Downstream Rac signalling leads to the activaton of Wave signalling complexes, which have been shown to bind and activate the Arp2/3 complex, a crucial regulator of the actin cytoskeleton that is involved in formation of protrusive structures. This investigation …
Seeing The Bigger Picture: An Amblyopic Advantage In The Global Integration Of Moving Visual Information?, Hannah Jeffery
Seeing The Bigger Picture: An Amblyopic Advantage In The Global Integration Of Moving Visual Information?, Hannah Jeffery
The Plymouth Student Scientist
Devices used to incorporate global information by normal and amblyopic eyes were investigated using the Classification Image (CI) technique. An orientation task with randomly orientated tilting Gabor patches and a motion-direction task using randomly directed moving discs were utilized. Participants judged the near-threshold average global orientation or motion-direction in each. CIs were calculated, adding noise samples eliciting correct responses and subtracting noise samples producing incorrect responses. Results illustrated normal participants had consistently narrow perceptive fields as was the case for amblyopes in the orientation task. For global motion-direction judgements, amblyopic perceptive fields were far wider, illustrating sparse sampling of elements. …
An Investigation Into The Cardiac Implications Of Bradycardia In Marine Sports Practitioners, Antony Cole
An Investigation Into The Cardiac Implications Of Bradycardia In Marine Sports Practitioners, Antony Cole
The Plymouth Student Scientist
This study investigated the effect of the mammalian diving reflex (MDR) on the R-R intervals, mean heart rate (MHR) and mean arterial blood pressure (MABP) on 40 healthy subjects. Two groups were compared a group of SCUBA divers and a group of non SCUBA divers. Each group consisted of ten males and ten females. Subjects completed seven protocols: three in air; breathing (BA); apnea (AA); breathing through a snorkel (BSA) and three facially immersed; breathing through a snorkel (23±1°C) (BSI); apnea (35±1°C) (AWW); apnea (23±1°C) (AWR) apnea (10±1°C) (AWC). A negative correlation was observed between diving experience and bradycardia. A …
American Mink (Mustela Vison) And Its Impact On Native Species In The Uk, Alex W. Rey
American Mink (Mustela Vison) And Its Impact On Native Species In The Uk, Alex W. Rey
The Plymouth Student Scientist
Introduced alien species are recognised to be a major threat to native biodiversity. The American mink (Mustela vison) is a highly adaptable, naturalised predator in the UK, introduced as part of the fur trade in the 1920‟s. The species became established in the wild in the 1950‟s through purposeful releases and escapes and since establishing the mink has been held accountable for the decline of many native species, most notably the water vole (Arvicola terrestris). There are currently nine species of carnivore in the UK, and American mink presents competition for native predators, particularly those that have similar lifestyles. In …
The Role Of Zooxanthellae In Marine Invertebrates, Jonathan Wallen
The Role Of Zooxanthellae In Marine Invertebrates, Jonathan Wallen
The Plymouth Student Scientist
The importance of zooxanthellae in marine environments cannot be understated. Their role as a source of nutritive energy to corals underpins the success of reef-building systems worldwide, forming some of the most productive ecosystems on earth. The diversity of these unicellular symbiotic algae, which belong to the genus Symbiodinium, is enormous. Multiple hosts, multiple types of algae and the diverse habitats in which these organisms are found suggests a diverse reservoir of symbiont types in almost every region. This review focuses on the functional and genetic diversity of Symbiodinium, the specificity and flexibility of the host-algal association, and the implications …
The Effect Of Starvation On The Size Of Mussels Selected By The Green Shore Crab, Carcinus Maenas, Brecht Morris
The Effect Of Starvation On The Size Of Mussels Selected By The Green Shore Crab, Carcinus Maenas, Brecht Morris
The Plymouth Student Scientist
The foraging behaviour of the green shore crabs, Carcinus maenas, of 24-26mm carapace width was observed over a 6 day starvation period. Edible mussels, Mytilus edulis, for each millimetre interval from 5-25mm were used to determine how prey size selection was effected by starvation. The most profitable mussel size for the studied crab size is approximately 9mm. At low starvation levels mussel size selection was relatively specific with the majority of selected mussels ranging in size from 7-12mm. Increased starvation caused greater variation in size selection with the majority of selected mussels ranging from 7-16mm, with a higher proportion of …
Variation In Both Male And Female Secondary Sexual Characters In The Diving Beetle, Agabus Bipustulatus (L.) (Coleoptera: Dytiscidae), William James Howe
Variation In Both Male And Female Secondary Sexual Characters In The Diving Beetle, Agabus Bipustulatus (L.) (Coleoptera: Dytiscidae), William James Howe
The Plymouth Student Scientist
Sexual conflict and intersexual arms races occur due to the differing evolutionary interests between the sexes. Under the model of sexual conflict it is predicted that this will lead to sexual dimorphism, common in diving beetles, where males have suckers which they use to attach to the females’ dorsal surface to potentially increase their copulatory ability. These are often met by female counteradaptations in an attempt to avoid multiple and potentially costly matings. This can result in a cyclical battle of responses in both sexes. Within the widely distributed species, Agabus bipustulatus there is known variation in female sculpture from …
Output Feedback Nn Control For Two Classes Of Discrete-Time Systems With Unknown Control Directions In A Unified Approach, C Yang, Ss Ge, C Xiang, Ty Chai, Th Lee
Output Feedback Nn Control For Two Classes Of Discrete-Time Systems With Unknown Control Directions In A Unified Approach, C Yang, Ss Ge, C Xiang, Ty Chai, Th Lee
School of Engineering, Computing and Mathematics
In this paper, output feedback adaptive neural network (NN) controls are investigated for two classes of nonlinear discrete-time systems with unknown control directions: 1) nonlinear pure-feedback systems and 2) nonlinear autoregressive moving average with exogenous inputs (NARMAX) systems. To overcome the noncausal problem, which has been known to be a major obstacle in the discrete-time control design, both systems are transformed to a predictor for output feedback control design. Implicit function theorem is used to overcome the difficulty of the nonaffine appearance of the control input. The problem of lacking a priori knowledge on the control directions is solved by …
Interdependent Utilities: How Social Ranking Affects Choice Behavior, Nadège Bault, Giorgio Coricelli, Aldo Rustichini
Interdependent Utilities: How Social Ranking Affects Choice Behavior, Nadège Bault, Giorgio Coricelli, Aldo Rustichini
School of Psychology
No abstract provided.
The Impact Of Corporate Governance On The Timeliness Of Corporate Internet Reporting By Egyptian Listed Companies, A Ezat, Aa El-Masry
The Impact Of Corporate Governance On The Timeliness Of Corporate Internet Reporting By Egyptian Listed Companies, A Ezat, Aa El-Masry
Plymouth Business School
Purpose This study seeks to examine the key factors that affect the timeliness of corporate internet reporting (CIR) by the Egyptian listed corporations on the Cairo and Alexandria Stock Exchange. Design/methodology/approach The authors use firm characteristics and corporate governance variables to investigate the influence on the timeliness of CIR. They also develop a disclosure index to measure the timeliness of CIR for the listed Egyptian corporations. Findings The primary analysis finds a significant relationship between the timeliness of CIR and firm size, type of industry, liquidity, ownership structure, board composition and board size. The results indicate that firms typically in …
Adaptive Predictive Control Using Neural Network For A Class Of Pure-Feedback Systems In Discrete-Time, Ss Ge, C Yang, Th Lee
Adaptive Predictive Control Using Neural Network For A Class Of Pure-Feedback Systems In Discrete-Time, Ss Ge, C Yang, Th Lee
School of Engineering, Computing and Mathematics
In this paper, adaptive neural network (NN) control is investigated for a class of nonlinear pure-feedback discrete-time systems. By using prediction functions of future states, the pure-feedback system is transformed into an n -step-ahead predictor, based on which state feedback NN control is synthesized. Next, by investigating the relationship between outputs and states, the system is transformed into an input-output predictor model, and then, output feedback control is constructed. To overcome the difficulty of nonaffine appearance of the control input, implicit function theorem is exploited in the control design and NN is employed to approximate the unknown function in the …
Comparison Of Health And Physical Education Policies With Practices: An Evaluation Of School Responses Within Three Brisbane Catholic Education (Bce) Primary Schools (2005)., Tj Lynch
Plymouth Institute of Education
The purpose of this study was to compare the ideals of the Queensland P-10 Health and Physical Education (HPE) syllabus as a curriculum policy, with what was happening in practice, the teaching of Health and Physical Education in schools. It was envisaged that through this process good practice within schools could be identified and its implementation promoted. This paper is the first research within Queensland to investigate the ideals for quality Health and Physical Education, in comparison to what is actually occurring in practice.
The Secret Life Of Uk Trade Credit Supply: Setting A New Research Agenda, S Paul, R Boden
The Secret Life Of Uk Trade Credit Supply: Setting A New Research Agenda, S Paul, R Boden
Plymouth Business School
No abstract provided.
Impact Of Environmental Production Conditions On Productivity And Efficiency: A Case Study Of Wheat Farmers In Bangladesh, S Rahman, Mk Hasan
Impact Of Environmental Production Conditions On Productivity And Efficiency: A Case Study Of Wheat Farmers In Bangladesh, S Rahman, Mk Hasan
School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences
Environmental conditions significantly affect production, but are often ignored in studies analysing productivity and efficiency leading to biased results. In this study, we examine the influence of selected environmental factors on productivity and efficiency in wheat farming in Bangladesh. Results reveal that environmental production conditions significantly affect the parameters of the production function and technical efficiency, as well as correlates of inefficiency. Controlling for environmental production conditions improves technical efficiency by 4 points (p<0.01) from 86% to 90%. Large farms are more efficient relative to small and medium sized farms (p<0.01 and 0.05), with no variation among regions. Policy implications include soil fertility improvement through soil conservation and crop rotation, improvement in managerial practices through extension services and adoption of modern technologies, promotion of education, strengthening the research-extension link, and development of new varieties that have higher yield potential and are also suitable for marginal areas.
Young Devon Mental Health Housing Service Evaluation Project, H Donnellan, G Blakely
Young Devon Mental Health Housing Service Evaluation Project, H Donnellan, G Blakely
School of Health Professions
No abstract provided.
The Cervical Dystonia Impact Profile (Cdip-58): Can A Rasch Developed Patient Reported Outcome Measure Satisfy Traditional Psychometric Criteria?, Stefan J. Cano, Thomas T. Warner, Alan J. Thompson, Kailash P. Bhatia, Ray Fitzpatrick, Jeremy C. Hobart
The Cervical Dystonia Impact Profile (Cdip-58): Can A Rasch Developed Patient Reported Outcome Measure Satisfy Traditional Psychometric Criteria?, Stefan J. Cano, Thomas T. Warner, Alan J. Thompson, Kailash P. Bhatia, Ray Fitzpatrick, Jeremy C. Hobart
Peninsula Medical School
BACKGROUND: The United States Food and Drug Administration (FDA) are currently producing guidelines for the scientific adequacy of patient reported outcome measures (PROMs) in clinical trials, which will have implications for the selection of scales used in future clinical trials. In this study, we examine how the Cervical Dystonia Impact Profile (CDIP-58), a rigorous Rasch measurement developed neurologic PROM, stands up to traditional psychometric criteria for three reasons: 1) provide traditional psychometric evidence for the CDIP-58 in line with proposed FDA guidelines; 2) enable researchers and clinicians to compare it with existing dystonia PROMs; and 3) help researchers and clinicians …
Factors That Affect Cardiovascular Health: A Review, Sarah A. Buckingham
Factors That Affect Cardiovascular Health: A Review, Sarah A. Buckingham
The Plymouth Student Scientist
Cardiovascular disease is a major public health problem in terms of both high morbidity and mortality rates and large economic costs. Cardiovascular health and risk of disease are determined by a wide range of genetic and environmental factors. This review focuses on the extent to which heredity, physical activity, diet, and psychological factors (including stress) are known to contribute to cardiovascular health or disease. A predisposition for cardiovascular disease can be inherited, but genetic counselling allows the identification of those who are most at risk and an individualised plan to include appropriate lifestyle changes can then be formulated. It is …
The Effect Of Nucleotide-Binding Oligomerization Domain (Nod) Proteins On The Secretion Of Cytokines From Macrophages, Joanne Aggett
The Effect Of Nucleotide-Binding Oligomerization Domain (Nod) Proteins On The Secretion Of Cytokines From Macrophages, Joanne Aggett
The Plymouth Student Scientist
The study of Nucleotide-Binding Oligomerization Domain (NOD) Proteins is a very new area of immunology, with the gene for NOD2 having only been mapped in 2001 (Ogura et al 2001). It holds particular significance for those researching autoimmune disorders such as Blau syndrome and Crohns Disease (CD), as it has been found that a mutation in the NOD2 gene is present in a substantial proportion of CD sufferers, and having the mutation increases a person‟s susceptibility to developing the disease later in life (Economou et al 2004). This review will look at the current research surrounding the NOD proteins and …
Is Cardiovascular Health Affected By Exercise Type And Impact?, Sarah A. Buckingham
Is Cardiovascular Health Affected By Exercise Type And Impact?, Sarah A. Buckingham
The Plymouth Student Scientist
The principal aim of this study was to determine whether cardiovascular health, assessed by resting systolic and diastolic blood pressure and resting heart rate, was affected by exercise type (golf vs. tennis) and associated impact (low vs. high). Male and female golfers (n = 40) and tennis players (n = 40) aged between 40 and 71 years completed a short questionnaire relating to their main sport and typical exercise habits. Resting blood pressure and heart rate readings were then taken using an electronic wrist sphygmomanometer. The analysis of variance (General Linear Model) showed that overall there were no significant differences …
The Relationship Between Preference And Performance Measures Of Handedness, Rosemary K. Stephens
The Relationship Between Preference And Performance Measures Of Handedness, Rosemary K. Stephens
The Plymouth Student Scientist
There is great debate as to the way in which preference and performance measures of handedness are related. Some suggest that they are separable dimensions (e.g. Porac & Coren, 1981), however a bulk of evidence suggests otherwise (Annett, 1970b; 1976; 1985). The study aimed to discover whether any of three tasks were better captured by the EHI (Oldfield, 1971). Participants completed all three performance tasks and the EHI. Results suggest that performance measures tapping more practiced abilities may be better captured by preference inventories. Implications of the findings and how preference and performance measures might be related are discussed. How …