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The Interference Free Determination Of Selenium In Environmental And Clinical Samples By Icp-Ms, Justine Clare Turner Jan 2004

The Interference Free Determination Of Selenium In Environmental And Clinical Samples By Icp-Ms, Justine Clare Turner

School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences Theses

The determination of selenium in environmental and clinical samples by ICP-MS is complicated by both poor sensitivity and severe interferences resulting from both the sample matrix and the argon plasma. The purpose of this study was to investigate ways of overcoming these problems thus enabling Se to be determined both accurately and precisely. A novel procedure for the accurate determination of selenium in serum using electrothermal vaporisation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ETV-ICP-MS) has been developed. A simple 1:20 dilution of the serum with 1% nitric acid negates the need for a lengthy sample digestion procedure. Several of the interferences …

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Analysis Of Water Masses Distribution And Circulation In The White Sea, Russia, Laurent Latché Jan 2004

Analysis Of Water Masses Distribution And Circulation In The White Sea, Russia, Laurent Latché

School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences Theses

The White Sea is a semi-enclosed sea, which consists of several bays and estuaries connected to the open ocean through the narrow and shallow Gorlo Strait. Several studies have been carried out in the region during the last decade in order to investigate the potential threat of anthropogenic pollutants. However, the temporal and spatial resolution of such experiments has been inadequate to resolve issues such as the dispersion and propagation of environmentally hazardous substances. The present investigation uses in-situ measurements of temperature and salinity gathered at high spatio-temporal resolution for the first time, as part of the INTAS project "Mesoscale …

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Particulate Phytochelatins As An Indication Of Metal Stress In Natural Waters, Silvia Keiko Kawakami Jan 2004

Particulate Phytochelatins As An Indication Of Metal Stress In Natural Waters, Silvia Keiko Kawakami

School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences Theses

The aim of this study was to investigate the metal stress response of phytoplankton in the Fal, Plym and Tamar Estuaries (SW England, UK) by field measurements of particulate phytochelatins (PCs) and glutathione (GSH) and their relationships with Cu speciation. A high performance liquid chromatographic method was optimised for the determination of particulate PCs and GSH from estuarine waters. Dissolved Cu speciation was determined using well established cathodic stripping voltammetric methods. Glutathione was found throughout the estuaries ranging from 0.6 to 274 µmol (g chl α)ˉ¹ , and PCs were detected mostly in the Fal samples at concentrations up to …

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Cell Cycle Of Emiliania Huxleyi And Its Effects On Host: Virus Interactions, Rebecca Louise Jefferson Jan 2004

Cell Cycle Of Emiliania Huxleyi And Its Effects On Host: Virus Interactions, Rebecca Louise Jefferson

Other Faculty of Health Theses

Emiliania huxleyi is an ecologically important marine phytoplankton and it is regularly forms large blooms. Viruses are an important agent of mortality in blooms, however, little is known about the host:virus interactions in this system. This project investigated how infection at different stages of the host cell cycle influenced: virus adsorption, infection and production and host lysis and cell cycle. Cultures were infected during the G1 , S or G2 + M phase and monitored for 2 hours for adsorption and infection or monitored for 48 hours for virus production, host lysis and host cell cycle. A three fold increase …

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Melting Into The Margins: The Dis-Appearance Of Normality, Ruth Marie Heholt Jan 2004

Melting Into The Margins: The Dis-Appearance Of Normality, Ruth Marie Heholt

Other Faculty of Arts, Humanities and Business Theses

Melting into the Margins intervenes in the academic and media debate about normality: the white nuclear family and white middle class men. This thesis traces the emergence of the contemporary discourse which suggests that the normal is being displaced into the margins, away from the centre, 'disproved' as a lived condition and shown to be ‘untrue’ as an ideological concept and examines the implications and effects of this discourse. A new discourse of the normal is deemed necessary by the academic disciplines of masculinity and family studies because they argue that we live in a new age of tolerance, equality, …

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Early Detection Of Dementia Using The Human Electroencephalogram, Geoffrey T Henderson Jan 2004

Early Detection Of Dementia Using The Human Electroencephalogram, Geoffrey T Henderson

School of Engineering, Computing and Mathematics Theses

Improved life expectancy has led to a significant increase in the number of people in the high-riskage groups that will develop Alzheimer's disease and other dementia. Efforts are being made to develop treatments that slow the progress of these diseases. However, unless a sufferer is diagnosed in the early stages the treatments cannot give the maximum benefit. Therefore, there isan urgent need for a practical, decision support tool that will enable the earliest possible detectionof dementia within the large at-risk population.Current techniques such as Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) that are used to diagnose andassess neurological disorders require specialist equipment and …

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A New Species Of Amphipod Crustacean, Pleusymtes Comitari Sp Nov, Associated With Gorgonians On Deep-Water Coral Reefs Off Ireland, A. A. Myers, J. M. Hall-Spencer Jan 2004

A New Species Of Amphipod Crustacean, Pleusymtes Comitari Sp Nov, Associated With Gorgonians On Deep-Water Coral Reefs Off Ireland, A. A. Myers, J. M. Hall-Spencer

School of Biological and Marine Sciences

No abstract provided.

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Towards A New Theory Of Social Perception: The Effects Of Sex And Sexuality On Rape Attributions, Louise Farbus Jan 2004

Towards A New Theory Of Social Perception: The Effects Of Sex And Sexuality On Rape Attributions, Louise Farbus

School of Psychology Theses

Heterosexual male victims and female perpetrators tend to be omitted from rape perception research as well as legal and everyday notions of rape. Therefore this thesis examined the effects of sex and sexuality on rape attributions. Criticisms of social representations theory provided the rationale for a new theory of social perceptions and for combining methods normally associated with opposing epistemologies and ontological beliefs. A grounded theory derived from ten interviews revealed double standards in the way that men and women are labelled for the same behaviours, whereby female-perpetrated male rape was considered less serious than male-perpetrated rape. Discourse analysis of …

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Simulated Effects Of Climate Change On The Production Pattern Of Winter Cauliflower In The Uk, Dce Wurr, Jr Fellows, Mp Fuller Jan 2004

Simulated Effects Of Climate Change On The Production Pattern Of Winter Cauliflower In The Uk, Dce Wurr, Jr Fellows, Mp Fuller

School of Biological and Marine Sciences

Models of the phases of juvenility, curd induction and curd growth, driven by temperature, were developed for Roscoff, Walcheren and Roscoff× Walcheren winter cauliflower types and were linked to enable prediction of the time of curd maturity. Because some crop types in Cornwall (west of UK); Lincolnshire (east of UK) responded differently to weather, separate models were developed for each location. These models were then applied to each cauliflower type at four locations in the UK (Cornwall and Pembrokeshire (west); Kent and Lincolnshire (east)) using four climate impact emissions scenarios and three time-slices (2011-2040, 2041-2070 and 2071-2100). In all forecasts …

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Nursery-Area Function Of Maerl Grounds For Juvenile Queen Scallops Aequipecten Opercularis And Other Invertebrates, Na Kamenos, Pg Moore, Jm Hall-Spencer Jan 2004

Nursery-Area Function Of Maerl Grounds For Juvenile Queen Scallops Aequipecten Opercularis And Other Invertebrates, Na Kamenos, Pg Moore, Jm Hall-Spencer

School of Biological and Marine Sciences

The services provided by coastal ecosystems such as mangrove forests and sea-grass beds are becoming increasingly recognised, yet the functional role of maerl beds has not been addressed. Maerl forms highly biodiverse habitats composed of loose-lying coralline red algae which build up over thousands of years. These carbonate-rich deposits occur in photic areas with strong water movement; they have a widespread global distribution yet remain one of the most overlooked shallow-water marine habitats, with little known about the ecosystem services maerl may provide. Our diving research in Scotland has shown that pristine live maerl (PLM) grounds fulfil nursery area prerequisites …

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Quantitative Analysis Of Indigo And Indigo Precursors In Leaves Of Isatis Spp. And Polygonum Tinctorium., Kg Gilbert, Hg Maule, B Rudolph, M Lewis, H Vandenburg, E Sales, S Tozzi, Dt Cooke Jan 2004

Quantitative Analysis Of Indigo And Indigo Precursors In Leaves Of Isatis Spp. And Polygonum Tinctorium., Kg Gilbert, Hg Maule, B Rudolph, M Lewis, H Vandenburg, E Sales, S Tozzi, Dt Cooke

Peninsula Medical School

Analysis of extracts from two woad species (Isatis tinctoria and Isatis indigotica) and Polygonum tinctorium revealed that only one indigo precursor (indican) was present in Polygonum, but two precursors were found in Isatis spp. This was done using high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), coupled to an evaporative light scattering detector (ELSD). In Isatis spp., the indigo precursors indican and a fraction representing isatan B were identified. The proportion of indican and isatan B was different between the two Isatis spp. tested. For the first time, it was possible to quantify the precursors in woad plant species, and the results were …

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A Neuroeconomics Approach To Inferring Utility Functions In Sensorimotor Control, Konrad P. Körding, Izumi Fukunaga, Ian S. Howard, James N. Ingram, Daniel M. Wolpert Jan 2004

A Neuroeconomics Approach To Inferring Utility Functions In Sensorimotor Control, Konrad P. Körding, Izumi Fukunaga, Ian S. Howard, James N. Ingram, Daniel M. Wolpert

School of Engineering, Computing and Mathematics

Making choices is a fundamental aspect of human life. For over a century experimental economists have characterized the decisions people make based on the concept of a utility function. This function increases with increasing desirability of the outcome, and people are assumed to make decisions so as to maximize utility. When utility depends on several variables, indifference curves arise that represent outcomes with identical utility that are therefore equally desirable. Whereas in economics utility is studied in terms of goods and services, the sensorimotor system may also have utility functions defining the desirability of various outcomes. Here, we investigate the …

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The Ecological Causes And Consequences Of Prey Choice And Ontogenetic Niche Shifts In The Common Goby, Angus Charles Jackson Jan 2004

The Ecological Causes And Consequences Of Prey Choice And Ontogenetic Niche Shifts In The Common Goby, Angus Charles Jackson

School of Biological and Marine Sciences Theses

Foraging behaviour of the common goby, Pomatoschistus microps was investigated in both the United Kingdom and Sweden, with the aim of establishing causes and consequences of prey choice and ontogenetic shifts in diet. Goby life-cycle could be clearly divided into two stages, where prey choice changed abruptly from meio- to macrofauna at a standard length of 30 mm. This diet-shift maximised net energy intake rates, as illustrated by a quantitatively validated optimal foraging model. Intrinsic mechanisms were of greater importance than extrinsic factors in driving this shift. Metabolism, the primary prey choice determinant, revealed canalised and predictable diet shifts in …

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Role Of Posidonia Oceanica Bed Structure In Determining The Diversity Of Associated Macroinvertebrate Assemblages, Joseph Anthony Borg Jan 2004

Role Of Posidonia Oceanica Bed Structure In Determining The Diversity Of Associated Macroinvertebrate Assemblages, Joseph Anthony Borg

School of Biological and Marine Sciences Theses

Seagrass beds are highly productive shallow-water marine ecosystems and serve as a habitat for numerous invertebratesa nd fishes, some of which constitute important fisheries species.S eagrassb eds play an important role in physical coastal dynamics, since they stabilise soft bottoms, while their leaf canopy attenuates strong wave action and currents, thereby, reducing coastal erosion. However, seagrass habitats are undergoing a decline worldwide, hence, there is an urgent need for data on the influence of bed fragmentation and changes in plant architecture on the diversity of associated biota. In the Mediterranean Sea, the endemic seagrass Posidonia oceanica forms extensive beds that …

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Krox-20 Inhibits Jun-Nh2-Terminal Kinase/C-Jun To Control Schwann Cell Proliferation And Death, David B. Parkinson, Ambily Bhaskaran, Sarah Dickinson, Anna Droggiti Jan 2004

Krox-20 Inhibits Jun-Nh2-Terminal Kinase/C-Jun To Control Schwann Cell Proliferation And Death, David B. Parkinson, Ambily Bhaskaran, Sarah Dickinson, Anna Droggiti

Peninsula Medical School

No abstract provided.

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Small-Scale Distribution Of Juvenile Gadoids In Shallow Inshore Waters; What Role Does Maerl Play?, Na Kamenos, Pg Moore, Jm Hall-Spencer Jan 2004

Small-Scale Distribution Of Juvenile Gadoids In Shallow Inshore Waters; What Role Does Maerl Play?, Na Kamenos, Pg Moore, Jm Hall-Spencer

School of Biological and Marine Sciences

No abstract provided.

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Maerl Grounds Provide Both Refuge And High Growth Potential For Juvenile Queen Scallops (Aequipecten Opercularis L.), Na Kamenos, Pg Moore, Jm Hall-Spencer Jan 2004

Maerl Grounds Provide Both Refuge And High Growth Potential For Juvenile Queen Scallops (Aequipecten Opercularis L.), Na Kamenos, Pg Moore, Jm Hall-Spencer

School of Biological and Marine Sciences

No abstract provided.

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A Randomised Controlled Trial And Cost Effectiveness Study Of Systematic Screening (Targeted And Total Population Screening) Versus Routine Practice For The Detection Of Atrial Fibrillation In The Over 65s: (Safe) [Isrctn19633732], Dawn Swancutt, Richard Hobbs, David Fitzmaurice, Jonathan Mant, Ellen Murray, Sue Jowett, James Raftery, Stirling Bryan, Michael Davies, Gregory Lip Jan 2004

A Randomised Controlled Trial And Cost Effectiveness Study Of Systematic Screening (Targeted And Total Population Screening) Versus Routine Practice For The Detection Of Atrial Fibrillation In The Over 65s: (Safe) [Isrctn19633732], Dawn Swancutt, Richard Hobbs, David Fitzmaurice, Jonathan Mant, Ellen Murray, Sue Jowett, James Raftery, Stirling Bryan, Michael Davies, Gregory Lip

Peninsula Medical School

Background Atrial fibrillation (AF) has been recognised as an important independent risk factor for thromboembolic disease, particularly stroke for which it provides a five-fold increase in risk. This study aimed to determine the baseline prevalence and the incidence of AF based on a variety of screening strategies and in doing so to evaluate the incremental cost-effectiveness of different screening strategies, including targeted or whole population screening, compared with routine clinical practice, for detection of AF in people aged 65 and over. The value of clinical assessment and echocardiography as additional methods of risk stratification for thromboembolic disease in patients with …

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Studies On Myxozoan Parasites Of Freshwater Fish And Invertebrate Hosts, Matthew Longshaw Jan 2004

Studies On Myxozoan Parasites Of Freshwater Fish And Invertebrate Hosts, Matthew Longshaw

School of Biological and Marine Sciences Theses

A study of myxozoan parasites has been investigated in hosts from freshwater environments in the UK. Over 17,000 oligochaetes, almost 5,000 juvenile cyprinids representing 7 species and over 60 invertebrate species have been examined for the presence of myxozoan parasites. In addition, studies on the lifecycle of Tetracapsuloides bryosalmonae (the causative agent of salmonid proliferative kidney disease, PKD) and of selected cyprinid myxozoans were conducted. A total of 21 actinospore types in seven collective groups were isolated and described from oligochaetes collected from seven different river systems in England and Wales. Twelve of the actinospores isolated appear to be new …

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Responses Of The Decapod Crustacean, Carcinus Maenas, Following Exposure To Environmental Contaminants. Development And Application Of Multiple Biomarkers., Giles Marcus Watson Jan 2004

Responses Of The Decapod Crustacean, Carcinus Maenas, Following Exposure To Environmental Contaminants. Development And Application Of Multiple Biomarkers., Giles Marcus Watson

School of Biological and Marine Sciences Theses

Marine, coastal and estuarine ecosystems continue to be contaminated by anthropogenic chemicals. Improving our mechanistic understanding of the toxicity of environmental pollutants to aquatic organisms is therefore an important priority. This work is focussed on detecting and measuring the molecular, cellular and physiological responses of the shore crab Carcimis maenas following exposure to environmental chemicals, and uses biomarkers to do so. To better understand the response of C.maenas to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) a novel biomarker of exposure to this class of compounds was developed. Direct fluorimetric techniques revealed that the shore crab C.maenas eliminated metabolites of pyrene in the …

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Ecology And Conservation Of Mediterranean Temporary Ponds In The Uk, Louise Mcabendroth Jan 2004

Ecology And Conservation Of Mediterranean Temporary Ponds In The Uk, Louise Mcabendroth

School of Biological and Marine Sciences Theses

Macroinvertebrate and plant assemblage composition and abiotic habitat characteristics were examined in seventy-six ponds, in the New Forest (Hampshire, UK) and on the Lizard Peninsula (Cornwall, UK), in order to unravel the ecological processes influencing ponds at a range of spatial scales and provide a clear definition of Mediterranean Temporary Pond (MTP) habitat (92/43/EEC) in the UK. In addition, a set of newly created experimental ponds were monitored on the Lizard to examine patterns of colonisation and evaluate the use of habitat creation in temporary pond conservation. The findings are synthesised into a number of management recommendations for ponds in …

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Ecology And Conservation Of Mediterranean Temporary Ponds In The Uk, Louise Mcabendroth Jan 2004

Ecology And Conservation Of Mediterranean Temporary Ponds In The Uk, Louise Mcabendroth

School of Biological and Marine Sciences Theses

Macroinvertebrate and plant assemblage composition and abiotic habitat characteristics were examined in seventy-six ponds, in the New Forest (Hampshire. UK) and on the Lizard Peninsula (Cornwall, UK), in order to unravel the ecological processes influencing ponds at a range of spatial scales and provide a clear definition of Mediterranean Temporary Pond (MTP) habitat (92/43/EEC)in the UK. In addition, a set of newly created experimental ponds were monitored on the Lizard to examine patterns of colonisation and evaluate the use of habitat creation in temporary pond conservation. The findings are synthesised into a number of management recommendations for ponds in the …

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Biomarkers Of Chemical Impacts In The Freshwater Invertebrates Asellusaquaticus And Pacifastacus Leniusculus, Anne Jennie O'Neill Jan 2004

Biomarkers Of Chemical Impacts In The Freshwater Invertebrates Asellusaquaticus And Pacifastacus Leniusculus, Anne Jennie O'Neill

School of Biological and Marine Sciences Theses

The international scientific community has grown increasingly concerned that exposure to low levels of anthropogenic chemicals may disturb hormone function and/or sub lethal toxicity to other cells or organ systems in vertebrate and invertebrate species. This research programme was designed to develop, evaluate, and apply a range of biological and chemical indicators in the laboratory and/or field to assess the impact of sublethal toxicants including potential endocrine disaipting chemicals in the aquatic invertebrates, Asellus aquaticus (isopod) and Pacifasiacus leniiisciiius (decapod). Laboratory exposures of A. aquaticiis to environmentally realistic concentrations of known contaminants present within the river systems have demonstrated a …

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Diel Vertical Migration And Feeding By Krill Meganyctiphanes Norvegica, Nicola Elizabeth Dawdry Jan 2004

Diel Vertical Migration And Feeding By Krill Meganyctiphanes Norvegica, Nicola Elizabeth Dawdry

School of Biological and Marine Sciences Theses

The diel vertical migration (DVM) of zooplankton has been extensively studied and reviewed. Yet the controlling mechanisms for DVM are still uncertain, although several hypotheses, e.g. predator evasion, hunger - satiation, light avoidance, have been proposed. This is particularly so for krill. An important part of understanding krill DVM depends on explaining the factors which drive krill to the surface waters at night. lt is frequently speculated that krill migrate to the surface layers to feed. Although there is a vast literature on krill feeding (and the pattern of krill DVM) there has been little attempt to establish the role …

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Ecology And Behaviour Of Postlarvae And Juveniles Of The Velvet Swimming Crab Necora Puber (L.), James Tony Lee Jan 2004

Ecology And Behaviour Of Postlarvae And Juveniles Of The Velvet Swimming Crab Necora Puber (L.), James Tony Lee

School of Biological and Marine Sciences Theses

Ecological studies of early benthic stages of brachyurans are rare for most of the species, leaving a gap in the understanding of processes regulating the recruitment to adult populations. The velvet swimming crab Necora puber (L. ) is a valuable commercial species where most of studies have been focused on the adult population. Little is known about the supply-side ecology and the post-settlement processes that affect the dynamics of the adult populations. The aims of the present study were to investigate the physical processes affecting the supply of recruits to the nearshore, to examine the processes associated with habitat selection …

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Functional Interaction Between The Bloom's Syndrome Helicase And The Rad51 Paralog, Rad51l3 (Rad51d), Jp Braybrooke, J-L Li, L Wu, Et Al Nov 2003

Functional Interaction Between The Bloom's Syndrome Helicase And The Rad51 Paralog, Rad51l3 (Rad51d), Jp Braybrooke, J-L Li, L Wu, Et Al

School of Biomedical Sciences

Bloom's syndrome (BS) is a genetic disorder associated with short stature, fertility defects, and a predisposition to the development of cancer. BS cells are characterized by genomic instability; in particular, a high rate of reciprocal exchanges between sister-chromatids and homologous chromosomes. The BS gene product, BLM, is a helicase belonging to the highly conserved RecQ family. BLM is known to form a complex with the RAD51 recombinase, and to act upon DNA intermediates that form during homologous recombination, including D-loops and Holliday junctions. Here, we show that BLM also makes a direct physical association with the RAD51L3 protein (also known …

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Characterisation Of A Sexual Stage-Specific Gene Encoding Orc1 Homologue In The Human Malaria Parasite Plasmodium Falciparum, J-L Li, Ls Cox Mar 2003

Characterisation Of A Sexual Stage-Specific Gene Encoding Orc1 Homologue In The Human Malaria Parasite Plasmodium Falciparum, J-L Li, Ls Cox

School of Biomedical Sciences

The origin recognition complex (ORC) is a multisubunit protein composed of six polypeptides that binds to replication origins and is essential for the initiation of chromosomal DNA replication. Using the Vectorette technique, we have isolated a novel gene encoding an ORC1-like protein from the human malaria parasite Plasmodium falciparum. The gene has no introns and encodes a protein (PfORC1) of 1189 amino acid residues with a predicted molecular mass of 139 kDa. PfORC1 contains all conserved sequences in the ORC1/Cdc6/Cdc18 family and displays the highest homology to the Schizosaccharomyces pombe ORC1. However, PfORC1 possesses an extensive N-terminal segment with several …

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Complete Analysis Of The B‐Cell Response To A Protein Antigen, From In Vivo Germinal Centre Formation To 3‐D Modelling Of Affinity Maturation, Cl Adams, Mkl Macleod, Ej Milner-White, Et Al Mar 2003

Complete Analysis Of The B‐Cell Response To A Protein Antigen, From In Vivo Germinal Centre Formation To 3‐D Modelling Of Affinity Maturation, Cl Adams, Mkl Macleod, Ej Milner-White, Et Al

School of Biomedical Sciences

Somatic hypermutation of immunoglobulin variable region genes occurs within germinal centres (GCs) and is the process responsible for affinity maturation of antibodies during an immune response. Previous studies have focused almost exclusively on the immune response to haptens, which may be unrepresentative of epitopes on protein antigens. In this study, we have exploited a model system that uses transgenic B and CD4+ T cells specific for hen egg lysozyme (HEL) and a chicken ovalbumin peptide, respectively, to investigate a tightly synchronized immune response to protein antigens of widely differing affinities, thus allowing us to track many facets of the development …

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Proapoptotic Genes Bax And Cd40l Are Predictors Of Survival In Transitional Cell Carcinoma Of The Bladder, Sa Hussain, R Ganesan, L Hiller, Pg Murray, Et Al Feb 2003

Proapoptotic Genes Bax And Cd40l Are Predictors Of Survival In Transitional Cell Carcinoma Of The Bladder, Sa Hussain, R Ganesan, L Hiller, Pg Murray, Et Al

Peninsula Medical School

The purpose of the study was to investigate the effects of expression of a range of genes involved in apoptosis on outcome in bladder cancer. Immunohistochemistry was used to examine expression of BCL2, BAX, P53, CD40 and CD40L in archival tissues of patients included in various treatment trials for transitional cell carcinoma (TCC) of the bladder. Data were collected on 94 patients who first presented with either invasive or superficial bladder cancer. Median follow-up for alive patients was 83 months (m) (range 12-195 m). Median survival was 80 m (95% CI=56-128 m). Median survivals for the various markers were as …

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A Procedural Model For Integrating Physical And Cyberspaces In Architecture, Peter Anders Jan 2003

A Procedural Model For Integrating Physical And Cyberspaces In Architecture, Peter Anders

School of Engineering, Computing and Mathematics Theses

This dissertation articiilates opportunities offered by architectural computation, in particular the digital simulation of space known as virtual reality (VR) and its networked, social variant cyberspace. The thesis will argue that VR/cyberspace has exacerbated differences between architecture's materialist and idealist practices, widening the gap that separates them. In an effort to bridge this gap it presents a procedural model for how VR and cyberspace may be integrated within the practice and product of architecture. The dissertation presents important developments in architectural computation that disclose concepts and values that contrast with orthodox practice. Virtual reality and cyberspace, the foci of this …

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