Entire DC Network | Open Access Articles | Digital Commons Network™

Challenges Of Achieving Good Environmental Status In The Northeast Atlantic, Karen A. Alexander, Peter Kershaw, Philip Cooper, Alison J. Gilbert, Jason M. Hall-Spencer, Johanna J. Heymans, Andreas Kannen, Hans J. Los, Tim O'Higgins, Cathal O'Mahony, Paul Tett, Tineke A. Troost, Beusekom J Van

School of Biological and Marine Sciences

No abstract provided.

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Effects Of Ocean Acidification Vary Depending On Light And Nutrient Levels, Psm Celis-Pla, Jm Hall-Spencer, P Horta, M Milazzo, N Korbee, Ce Cornwall, Fl Figueroa

School of Biological and Marine Sciences

No abstract provided.

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Plant Abiotic Stress Tolerance Analysis In Cauliflower Using A Curd Micropropagation System, H. Z. Rihan, M. Al-Issawi, M. Al-Shamari, M. Elmahrouk, M. P. Fuller

School of Biological and Marine Sciences

No abstract provided.

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Transcriptional Dynamics Driving Mamp-Triggered Immunity And Pathogen Effector-Mediated Immunosuppression In Arabidopsis Leaves Following Infection With Pseudomonas Syringae Pv Tomato Dc3000, Laura A. Lewis, Krzysztof Polanski, Torres-Zabala M De, Siddharth Jayaraman, Laura Bowden, Jonathan Moore, Christopher A. Penfold, Dafyd J. Jenkins, Claire Hill, Laura Baxter, Satish Kulasekaran, William Truman, George Littlejohn, Justyna Prusinska, Andrew Mead, Jens Steinbrenner, Richard Hickman, David Rand, David L. Wild, Sascha Ott, Vicky Buchanan-Wollaston, Nick Smirnoff, Jim Beynon, Katherine Denby, Murray Grant

School of Biological and Marine Sciences

No abstract provided.

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In Vivo Chemical And Structural Analysis Of Plant Cuticular Waxes Using Stimulated Raman Scattering Microscopy, George R. Littlejohn, Jessica C. Mansfield, David Parker, Rob Lind, Sarah Perfect, Mark Seymour, Nicholas Smirnoff, John Love, Julian Moger

School of Biological and Marine Sciences

No abstract provided.

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Chloroplasts Play A Central Role In Plant Defence And Are Targeted By Pathogen Effectors, Torres Zabala M De, George Littlejohn, Siddharth Jayaraman, David Studholme, Trevor Bailey, Tracy Lawson, Michael Tillich, Dirk Licht, Bettina Bölter, Laura Delfino, William Truman, John Mansfield, Nicholas Smirnoff, Murray Grant

School of Biological and Marine Sciences

No abstract provided.

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Much More Medicine For The Oldest Old: Trends In Uk Electronic Clinical Records, D Melzer, B Tavakoly, Re Winder, Jah Masoli, Et Al

School of Health Professions

BACKGROUND: the oldest old (85+) pose complex medical challenges. Both underdiagnosis and overdiagnosis are claimed in this group. OBJECTIVE: to estimate diagnosis, prescribing and hospital admission prevalence from 2003/4 to 2011/12, to monitor trends in medicalisation. DESIGN AND SETTING: observational study of Clinical Practice Research Datalink (CPRD) electronic medical records from general practice populations (eligible; n = 27,109) with oversampling of the oldest old. METHODS: we identified 18 common diseases and five geriatric syndromes (dizziness, incontinence, skin ulcers, falls and fractures) from Read codes. We counted medications prescribed ≥1 time in all quarters of studied years. RESULTS: there were major …

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Coupled Techniques For Arsenic Speciation In Food And Drinking Water: A Review, Bashdar Sadee, M. E. Foulkes, S. J. Hill

School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences

No abstract provided.

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Posture Affects How Robots And Infants Map Words To Objects., Af Morse, Vl Benitez, T Belpaeme, A Cangelosi, Lb Smith

School of Engineering, Computing and Mathematics

For infants, the first problem in learning a word is to map the word to its referent; a second problem is to remember that mapping when the word and/or referent are again encountered. Recent infant studies suggest that spatial location plays a key role in how infants solve both problems. Here we provide a new theoretical model and new empirical evidence on how the body - and its momentary posture - may be central to these processes. The present study uses a name-object mapping task in which names are either encountered in the absence of their target (experiments 1-3, 6 …

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Predicting Frequent Copd Exacerbations Using Primary Care Data, D Price, M Kerkhof, D Freeman, R Jones, A Chisholm

Peninsula Medical School

No abstract provided.

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The H50q Mutation Induces A 10-Fold Decrease In The Solubility Of Α-Synuclein, Riccardo Porcari, Christos Proukakis, Christopher A. Waudby, Benedetta Bolognesi, P. Patrizia Mangione, Jack F.S. Paton, Stephen Mullin, Lisa D. Cabrita, Amanda Penco, Annalisa Relini, Guglielmo Verona, Michele Vendruscolo, Monica Stoppini, Gian Gaetano Tartaglia, Carlo Camilloni, John Christodoulou, Anthony H.V. Schapira, Vittorio Bellotti

Peninsula Medical School

No abstract provided.

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Embodied Cognition And Circular Causality: On The Role Of Constitutive Autonomy In The Reciprocal Coupling Of Perception And Action., D Vernon, R Lowe, S Thill, T Ziemke

School of Engineering, Computing and Mathematics

The reciprocal coupling of perception and action in cognitive agents has been firmly established: perceptions guide action but so too do actions influence what is perceived. While much has been said on the implications of this for the agent's external behavior, less attention has been paid to what it means for the internal bodily mechanisms which underpin cognitive behavior. In this article, we wish to redress this by reasserting that the relationship between cognition, perception, and action involves a constitutive element as well as a behavioral element, emphasizing that the reciprocal link between perception and action in cognition merits a …

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Salt And Water Balance In The Land Crabs Of Christmas Island: A Review, Lm Turner

School of Biological and Marine Sciences

Work conducted on the land crabs of Christmas Island has advanced our knowledge of the ecophysiology of ion and water balance not only in terrestrial crabs, but across the Crustacea. For instance, studies undertaken on endemic Christmas Island species, such as Discoplax celeste, which is unique in its evolutionary position and ecology as a freshwater/land crab, have allowed us to increase our understanding of the mechanisms that have underpinned the evolution of these animals from the sea to the terrestrial environment. Recent studies have focused on understanding the neuroendocrine control of osmoregulation in terrestrial crabs on Christmas Island, with crustacean …

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Functional Imaging In Living Plantsâ€”Cell Biology Meets Physiology, George R. Littlejohn, Tobias Meckel, M Schwarzlã¤Nder, Alex Costa

School of Biological and Marine Sciences

The last quarter of a century has brought major developments in the acquisition of images from plants through improvements in microscopy equipment, software and technique. Likewise, step changes in image analysis tools and the utilization and iterative redesign of fluorescent protein based markers and probes has revolutionized the ability of researchers to ask fundamental questions in cell biology and physiology. This research topic gives a snapshot of the current shape of the field in the plant sciences.

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Identifying The Optimum Temperature For The Most Efficient Photosynthetic Rate In The Scleractinian Coral Stylophora Pistillata In The Gulf Of Eilat, Red Sea, Eleanor Vaughan

The Plymouth Student Scientist

The Gulf of Eilat (GoE), Red Sea, is a unique region that harbours one of the northernmost coral reef ecosystems in the world, and possesses high biodiversity and endemism. Global climate change is associated with an increase in sea surface temperatures that can lead to bleaching and mortality in scleractinian corals. However the corals in the GoE differ to other reefs at the same high latitude because of their unique resilience to thermal stress, which suggests that this region may be a refuge for reefs under a period of environmental change. This study aimed to determine the temperature at which …

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Are The Current Methods Of Remediation To Reduce Nitrate Contamination In Groundwater In The Developing World Effective? A Systematic Review, Jessica Nadin

The Plymouth Student Scientist

Nitrate contamination of groundwater has become a growing problem, particularly in the developing world as a result of agricultural intensification and rapid urbanisation leading to leaching and run off. Large numbers of people depend on groundwater for drinking and ingestion of nitrate contaminated waters can lead to methaemoglobinemia and cancers. This review examines biological, chemical and physical methods currently employed to remove nitrate contamination from groundwater. Review of these methods is achieved by extensive literature searching and utilisation of inclusion criteria and quality assessments to obtain relevant results. The review found that all of the methods examined are effective. Effectiveness …

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Satellite Remote Sensing Of Primary Production In The Bering Sea, Prima Anugerahanti

The Plymouth Student Scientist

The Bering Sea covers over 2 million square kilometres of the northernmost region of the Pacific Ocean (NPO, 2008), and is considered to be one of the most productive seas in the world (Walsh et al., 1989). Linking the Pacific and Arctic Oceans, the Bering Sea is almost entirely surrounded by the landmasses of Alaska and Russia. A steep continental slope divides this sea between the expansive continental shelf (<200 m depth) on its eastern waters and the deep basin (>2000 m depth) to the west (Brown et al., 2011)...

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"You Are What You Eat": How Diet Can Influence The Gut Microbiota Of Marine Invertebrates, Malin Tietjen

The Plymouth Student Scientist

Microorganisms are omnipresent in every ecosystem on earth and the majority of identified species belong to the domains Bacteria and Archaea of which bacteria are considered to represent the greatest diversity (Staley et al., 2007). Microbes are organised in complex and diverse communities depending on the environmental conditions, and they commonly live closely associated with eukaryotic hosts. The body surfaces of nearly all higher organisms are populated by diverse microbial communities and this microbiota is understood to have large impacts on the hosts’ biology (Ley et al., 2008). The greater part of the microbiota consists of microorganisms that are beneficial …

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Opinion: Overfishing And The Replacement Of Demersal Finfish By Shellfish: An Example From The English Channel, Carlotta Molfese, Doug Beare, Jason M. Hall-Spencer

The Plymouth Student Scientist

The worldwide depletion and collapse of major fish stocks through intensive industrial fishing has raised many concerns about the sustainability of current fishing practices and the effectiveness of existing management measures (Christensen et al., 2003; Baum and Worm, 2009; O’Leary et al., 2011). Long-term data series such as fishery statistics have been analysed extensively in recent decades to assess changes in fish populations and ecological communities (Pauly et al., 2001; Pinnegar et al. 2002; Pauly and Chuenpagdee, 2003). Since Pauly et al.’s (1998) pioneering work, the phenomenon of “Fishing Down Marine Food Webs” has been investigated worldwide. The trend for …

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Acclimatization Of Anemonia Viridis (Forskäl 1775) By Thermal Preconditioning: Potential Role Of Catalase, Sanket Chiplunkar

The Plymouth Student Scientist

The phenomenon of cnidarian bleaching has attracted much attention in the literature, as the frequency of coral bleaching events and mass mortality have increased over the last few decades, driving the degradation of coral reefs and loss of coral cover worldwide. This has also led to increased interest in exploring the underlying physiological and biochemical mechanisms of acclimatization of reef building corals and other symbiotic cnidarians to thermal stress. Thermal history and/or previous exposure to thermal stress have been linked with the thermal acclimatization of scleractinian corals in many studies. In this study, it was demonstrated that short term thermal …

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Tgfβr2 Is A Major Target Of Mir-93 In Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Aggressiveness, X Lyu, W Fang, L Cai, H Zheng, Et Al

School of Biomedical Sciences

BACKGROUND: MiR-17-92 cluster and its paralogues have emerged as crucial regulators of many oncogenes and tumor suppressors. Transforming growth factor-β receptor II (TGFβR2), as an important tumor suppressor, is involved in various cancer types. However, it is in cancer that only two miRNAs of this cluster and its paralogues have been reported so far to regulate TGFβR2. MiR-93 is oncogenic, but its targetome in cancer has not been fully defined. The role of miR-93 in nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) still remains largely unknown. METHODS: We firstly evaluated the clinical signature of TGFβR2 down-regulation in clinical samples, and next used a miRNA …

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A Spatially Resolved Pressure-Based Approach To Evaluate Combined Effects Of Human Activities And Management In Marine Ecosystems, F Goodsir, Hj Bloomfield, Ad Judd, Et Al

School of Biological and Marine Sciences

Our oceans are heavily utilized by a wide variety of human activities that exert pressures which negatively impact marine ecosystems, occasionally leading to unsustainable rates of exploitation. A linkage framework approach can be used to make independent associations between sectors, activities, and the pressures they introduce. However, in reality, many different sectors and their associated activities overlap in time and space, potentially changing the severity of their impact as pressures combine, and undermine the efforts of environmental managers to mitigate the harmful effects of those activities. Here, we present a spatially resolved approach to assess the potential for combined effects …

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Internationalisation And Curriculum Development: Why And How?, Pj Magne

Plymouth Institute of Education

Today’s globally interconnected world offers a vast array of new opportunities, but has simultaneously created a need for greater intercultural understanding (Koehne, 2006). This article provides a rationale for the role that Higher Education must play in preparing students for the global market place. It outlines the scope of the ‘internationalisation’ agenda within Higher Education and goes on to explore the notion of what it means to ‘internationalise the curriculum’. The article offers an approach to curriculum development which uses a gap analysis tool (developed by the author) and discussion across disciplinary teams. A series of short case studies demonstrate …

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Ultraviolet Radiation And Cyanobacteria, Rp Rastogi, Rp Sinha, Sh Moh, Tk Lee, Et Al

School of Biological and Marine Sciences

Cyanobacteria are the dominant photosynthetic prokaryotes from an ecological, economical, or evolutionary perspective, and depend on solar energy to conduct their normal life processes. However, the marked increase in solar ultraviolet radiation (UVR) caused by the continuous depletion of the stratospheric ozone shield has fueled serious concerns about the ecological consequences for all living organisms, including cyanobacteria. UV-B radiation can damage cellular DNA and several physiological and biochemical processes in cyanobacterial cells, either directly, through its interaction with certain biomolecules that absorb in the UV range, or indirectly, with the oxidative stress exerted by reactive oxygen species. However, cyanobacteria have …

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Modelling Storm Response On Gravel Beaches Using Xbeach-G, G Masselink, R Mccall, T Poate, Geer P Van

School of Biological and Marine Sciences

No abstract provided.

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Aquatic Hazard Assessment Of A Commercial Sample Of Naphthenic Acids., James P. Swigert, Carol Lee, Diana C.L. Wong, Russell White, Alan G. Scarlett, Charles E. West, Steven J. Rowland

More Faculty of Science and Engineering Research

This paper presents chemical composition and aquatic toxicity characteristics of a commercial sample of naphthenic acids (NAs). Naphthenic acids are derived from the refining of petroleum middle distillates and can contribute to refinery effluent toxicity. NAs are also present in oil sands process-affected water (OSPW), but differences in the NAs compositions from these sources precludes using a common aquatic toxicity dataset to represent the aquatic hazards of NAs from both origins. Our chemical characterization of a commercial sample of NAs showed it to contain in order of abundance, 1-ring>2-ring>acyclic>3-ring acids (∼84%). Also present were monoaromatic acids (7%) …

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Climate Change Response At The Farm Level: A Review Of Farmers’ Awareness And Adaptation Strategies In Developing Countries, Nichola Harmer, Sanzidur Rahman

School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences

This paper provides an overview of farmers’ awareness and a typology of adaptation strategies undertaken in order to combat climate change at the farm-level in developing countries. The review suggests that the extent to which farmers are aware of climate change is uneven, and the link between perception and action is often unclear. Farmers adopt a range of strategies from financial responses, to agricultural changes, to religious and cultural strategies, to the use of local and wider support networks. However, whether these actions are adaptation or coping strategies is debatable. Response to climate change has both spatial and temporal dimensions; …

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Biomodd: Exploring Relationships Between Biological, Electronic, And Social Systems Through New Media Art, Ds Maranan, Ad Librero

School of Art, Design and Architecture

Biomodd is a collaborative new media art project that explores the symbiosis between biological, electronic, and social systems. The project started in 2007 in the United States, and has since spawned multiple versions globally. The Philippine team was led by educators from the UP Open University, who organized a course on new media art practice as a springboard for exploring and developing the project. We discuss the imaginative and abstract relationships between biological, eletronic, and social systems that learners articulated over the course of the project. We describe how local, culturally-specific narrative elements were imaginatively integrated into the physical and …

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Studying The Evolutionary Basis Of Emotions Through Adaptive Neuroagents: Preliminary Settings And Results, D Pacella, O Gigliotta, O Miglino

School of Engineering, Computing and Mathematics

We propose a method to investigate the adaptive and evolutionary function of emotions and affective states, in our case of ancestral fear - using Artificial Life and Evolutionary Robotics techniques. For this purpose, we developed a hybrid software-hardware capable to train artificial neuroagents equipped with a sensory-motor apparatus inspired on the iCub humanoid robot features. We trained populations of these agents throughout a genetic algorithm to perform a well-known neuropsychological task adapted to study emotional phenomena. The robots learnt to discriminate stressful emotional conditions (coping with “dangerous” stimuli) and no-stress conditions. Varying the network structures, the experimental conditions and comparing …

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Sex Differences In The Relationship Between Sensation Seeking, Trait Emotional Intelligence And Delinquent Behaviour, Alison M. Bacon, Hannah Burak, James Rann

School of Psychology

Levels of sensation seeking peak in adolescence and there is a well-documented association of sensation seeking with delinquency and other risk-taking behaviours. The present study investigated the potential moderating effect of trait emotional intelligence (trait EI) on this relationship. Trait EI encompasses high levels of empathy and emotion regulation and is associated with positive outcomes and well-being. Ninety-six young adults (48 females and 48 males; overall M_age = 19.76) completed measures of sensation seeking, trait EI and self-reported delinquent behaviours (DB) since age 12. Results indicated that sensation seeking and frequency of DB were positively associated, but this effect …

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Full-Text Articles in Entire DC Network

Challenges Of Achieving Good Environmental Status In The Northeast Atlantic, Karen A. Alexander, Peter Kershaw, Philip Cooper, Alison J. Gilbert, Jason M. Hall-Spencer, Johanna J. Heymans, Andreas Kannen, Hans J. Los, Tim O'Higgins, Cathal O'Mahony, Paul Tett, Tineke A. Troost, Beusekom J Van

School of Biological and Marine Sciences

Effects Of Ocean Acidification Vary Depending On Light And Nutrient Levels, Psm Celis-Pla, Jm Hall-Spencer, P Horta, M Milazzo, N Korbee, Ce Cornwall, Fl Figueroa

School of Biological and Marine Sciences

Plant Abiotic Stress Tolerance Analysis In Cauliflower Using A Curd Micropropagation System, H. Z. Rihan, M. Al-Issawi, M. Al-Shamari, M. Elmahrouk, M. P. Fuller

School of Biological and Marine Sciences

School of Biological and Marine Sciences

In Vivo Chemical And Structural Analysis Of Plant Cuticular Waxes Using Stimulated Raman Scattering Microscopy, George R. Littlejohn, Jessica C. Mansfield, David Parker, Rob Lind, Sarah Perfect, Mark Seymour, Nicholas Smirnoff, John Love, Julian Moger

School of Biological and Marine Sciences

School of Biological and Marine Sciences

Much More Medicine For The Oldest Old: Trends In Uk Electronic Clinical Records, D Melzer, B Tavakoly, Re Winder, Jah Masoli, Et Al

School of Health Professions

Coupled Techniques For Arsenic Speciation In Food And Drinking Water: A Review, Bashdar Sadee, M. E. Foulkes, S. J. Hill

School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences

Posture Affects How Robots And Infants Map Words To Objects., Af Morse, Vl Benitez, T Belpaeme, A Cangelosi, Lb Smith

School of Engineering, Computing and Mathematics

Predicting Frequent Copd Exacerbations Using Primary Care Data, D Price, M Kerkhof, D Freeman, R Jones, A Chisholm

Peninsula Medical School

Peninsula Medical School

Embodied Cognition And Circular Causality: On The Role Of Constitutive Autonomy In The Reciprocal Coupling Of Perception And Action., D Vernon, R Lowe, S Thill, T Ziemke

School of Engineering, Computing and Mathematics

Salt And Water Balance In The Land Crabs Of Christmas Island: A Review, Lm Turner

School of Biological and Marine Sciences

Functional Imaging In Living Plantsâ€”Cell Biology Meets Physiology, George R. Littlejohn, Tobias Meckel, M Schwarzlã¤Nder, Alex Costa

School of Biological and Marine Sciences

Identifying The Optimum Temperature For The Most Efficient Photosynthetic Rate In The Scleractinian Coral Stylophora Pistillata In The Gulf Of Eilat, Red Sea, Eleanor Vaughan

The Plymouth Student Scientist

Are The Current Methods Of Remediation To Reduce Nitrate Contamination In Groundwater In The Developing World Effective? A Systematic Review, Jessica Nadin

The Plymouth Student Scientist

Satellite Remote Sensing Of Primary Production In The Bering Sea, Prima Anugerahanti

The Plymouth Student Scientist

"You Are What You Eat": How Diet Can Influence The Gut Microbiota Of Marine Invertebrates, Malin Tietjen

The Plymouth Student Scientist

Opinion: Overfishing And The Replacement Of Demersal Finfish By Shellfish: An Example From The English Channel, Carlotta Molfese, Doug Beare, Jason M. Hall-Spencer

The Plymouth Student Scientist

Acclimatization Of Anemonia Viridis (Forskäl 1775) By Thermal Preconditioning: Potential Role Of Catalase, Sanket Chiplunkar

The Plymouth Student Scientist

Tgfβr2 Is A Major Target Of Mir-93 In Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Aggressiveness, X Lyu, W Fang, L Cai, H Zheng, Et Al

School of Biomedical Sciences

A Spatially Resolved Pressure-Based Approach To Evaluate Combined Effects Of Human Activities And Management In Marine Ecosystems, F Goodsir, Hj Bloomfield, Ad Judd, Et Al

School of Biological and Marine Sciences

Internationalisation And Curriculum Development: Why And How?, Pj Magne

Plymouth Institute of Education

Ultraviolet Radiation And Cyanobacteria, Rp Rastogi, Rp Sinha, Sh Moh, Tk Lee, Et Al

School of Biological and Marine Sciences

Modelling Storm Response On Gravel Beaches Using Xbeach-G, G Masselink, R Mccall, T Poate, Geer P Van

School of Biological and Marine Sciences

Aquatic Hazard Assessment Of A Commercial Sample Of Naphthenic Acids., James P. Swigert, Carol Lee, Diana C.L. Wong, Russell White, Alan G. Scarlett, Charles E. West, Steven J. Rowland

More Faculty of Science and Engineering Research

Climate Change Response At The Farm Level: A Review Of Farmers’ Awareness And Adaptation Strategies In Developing Countries, Nichola Harmer, Sanzidur Rahman

School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences

Biomodd: Exploring Relationships Between Biological, Electronic, And Social Systems Through New Media Art, Ds Maranan, Ad Librero

School of Art, Design and Architecture

Studying The Evolutionary Basis Of Emotions Through Adaptive Neuroagents: Preliminary Settings And Results, D Pacella, O Gigliotta, O Miglino

School of Engineering, Computing and Mathematics

Sex Differences In The Relationship Between Sensation Seeking, Trait Emotional Intelligence And Delinquent Behaviour, Alison M. Bacon, Hannah Burak, James Rann

School of Psychology