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Evaluating Unsupervised Methods To Size And Classify Suspended Particles Using Digital In-Line Holography, Emlyn J. Davies, Daniel Buscombe, George W. Graham, W. Alex M. Nimmo-Smith Jan 2015

Evaluating Unsupervised Methods To Size And Classify Suspended Particles Using Digital In-Line Holography, Emlyn J. Davies, Daniel Buscombe, George W. Graham, W. Alex M. Nimmo-Smith

School of Biological and Marine Sciences

Substantial information can be gained from digital in-line holography of marine particles, eliminating depth-of-field and focusing errors associated with standard lens-based imagingmethods.However, for the technique to reach its full potential in oceanographic research, fully unsupervised (automated) methods are required for focusing, segmentation, sizing, and classification of particles. These computational challenges are the subject of this paper, in which the authors draw upon data collected using a variety of holographic systems developed at Plymouth University, United Kingdom, from a significant range of particle types, sizes, and shapes. A new method for noise reduction in reconstructed planes is found to be successful …


Not So Fast: Swimming Behavior Of Sailfish During Predator–Prey Interactions Using High-Speed Video And Accelerometry, Stefano Marras, Takuji Noda, John F. Steffensen, Morten B.S. Svendsen, Jens Krause, Alexander D.M. Wilson, Ralf H.J.M. Kurvers, James Herbert-Read, Kevin M. Boswell, Paolo Domenici Jan 2015

Not So Fast: Swimming Behavior Of Sailfish During Predator–Prey Interactions Using High-Speed Video And Accelerometry, Stefano Marras, Takuji Noda, John F. Steffensen, Morten B.S. Svendsen, Jens Krause, Alexander D.M. Wilson, Ralf H.J.M. Kurvers, James Herbert-Read, Kevin M. Boswell, Paolo Domenici

School of Biological and Marine Sciences

No abstract provided.


Social Networks In Changing Environments, A. D.M. Wilson, S Krause, I. W. Ramnarine, K. K. Borner, R. J.G. Clément, R. H.J.M. Kurvers, J Krause Jan 2015

Social Networks In Changing Environments, A. D.M. Wilson, S Krause, I. W. Ramnarine, K. K. Borner, R. J.G. Clément, R. H.J.M. Kurvers, J Krause

School of Biological and Marine Sciences

No abstract provided.


Antibiotic-Resistant St38, St131 And St405 Strains Are The Leading Uropathogenic Escherichia Coli Clones In Riyadh, Saudi Arabia., Majed F. Alghoribi, Tarek M. Gibreel, Garry Farnham, Johani Sm Al, Hanan H. Balkhy, Mathew Upton Jan 2015

Antibiotic-Resistant St38, St131 And St405 Strains Are The Leading Uropathogenic Escherichia Coli Clones In Riyadh, Saudi Arabia., Majed F. Alghoribi, Tarek M. Gibreel, Garry Farnham, Johani Sm Al, Hanan H. Balkhy, Mathew Upton

School of Biomedical Sciences

OBJECTIVES: We investigated the molecular epidemiology of uropathogenic Escherichia coli (UPEC) from a tertiary care hospital in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, revealing, for the first time, the population structure of UPEC in the region. METHODS: A total of 202 UPEC isolates were recovered from hospital and community patients with urinary tract infection in December 2012 and January 2013. Strains were characterized by MLST, antibiotic susceptibility determination and virulence gene detection. RESULTS: The most common lineages were ST131 (17.3%), ST73 (11.4%), ST38 (7.4%), ST69 (7.4%), ST10 (6.4%), ST127 (5.9%), ST95 (5.4%), ST12 (3.5%), ST998 (3.5%) and ST405 (3%). ST131 and ST405 isolates …


Two Spatiotemporally Distinct Value Systems Shape Reward-Based Learning In The Human Brain, Elsa Fouragnan, Chris Retzler, Karen Mullinger, Marios G. Philiastides Jan 2015

Two Spatiotemporally Distinct Value Systems Shape Reward-Based Learning In The Human Brain, Elsa Fouragnan, Chris Retzler, Karen Mullinger, Marios G. Philiastides

School of Psychology

No abstract provided.


Cortical Oscillatory Dynamics And Benzodiazepine-Site Modulation Of Tonic Inhibition In Fast Spiking Interneurons, Emma J. Prokic, Cathryn Weston, Naoki Yamawaki, Stephen D. Hall, Roland S.G. Jones, Ian M. Stanford, Graham Ladds, Gavin L. Woodhall Jan 2015

Cortical Oscillatory Dynamics And Benzodiazepine-Site Modulation Of Tonic Inhibition In Fast Spiking Interneurons, Emma J. Prokic, Cathryn Weston, Naoki Yamawaki, Stephen D. Hall, Roland S.G. Jones, Ian M. Stanford, Graham Ladds, Gavin L. Woodhall

School of Psychology

No abstract provided.


The Oculomotor Resonance Effect In Spatial–Numerical Mapping, Andriy Myachykov, Angelo Cangelosi, Rob Ellis, Martin H. Fischer Jan 2015

The Oculomotor Resonance Effect In Spatial–Numerical Mapping, Andriy Myachykov, Angelo Cangelosi, Rob Ellis, Martin H. Fischer

School of Psychology

No abstract provided.


Late Emergence Of The First Possession Heuristic: Evidence From A Small-Scale Culture, Patricia Kanngiesser, Federico Rossano, Michael Tomasello Jan 2015

Late Emergence Of The First Possession Heuristic: Evidence From A Small-Scale Culture, Patricia Kanngiesser, Federico Rossano, Michael Tomasello

School of Psychology

Western preschool children often assign ownership based on first possession and some theorists have proposed that this judgment might be an early emerging, innate bias. Five- to 9-year-olds (n = 112) from a small-scale group in Kenya (Kikuyu) watched videotaped interactions of two women passing an object. The object’s starting position and the women’s gestures were varied. Use of the first possession heuristic increased with age, and 8- to 9-year-olds performed similarly to German 5-year-olds (n = 24). Starting position and gestures had no effect. A control study confirmed that 5-year-old Kikuyus (n = 20) understood the video material. The …


Call Me Alix, Not Elix: Vowels Are More Important Than Consonants In Own-Name Recognition At 5 Months., Camillia Bouchon, Caroline Floccia, Thibaut Fux, Martine Adda-Decker, Thierry Nazzi Jan 2015

Call Me Alix, Not Elix: Vowels Are More Important Than Consonants In Own-Name Recognition At 5 Months., Camillia Bouchon, Caroline Floccia, Thibaut Fux, Martine Adda-Decker, Thierry Nazzi

School of Psychology

Consonants and vowels differ acoustically and articulatorily, but also functionally: Consonants are more relevant for lexical processing, and vowels for prosodic/syntactic processing. These functional biases could be powerful bootstrapping mechanisms for learning language, but their developmental origin remains unclear. The relative importance of consonants and vowels at the onset of lexical acquisition was assessed in French-learning 5-month-olds by testing sensitivity to minimal phonetic changes in their own name. Infants' reactions to mispronunciations revealed sensitivity to vowel but not consonant changes. Vowels were also more salient (on duration and intensity) but less distinct (on spectrally based measures) than consonants. Lastly, vowel …


Enhanced Visual Statistical Learning In Adults With Autism., Matthew E. Roser, Richard N. Aslin, Rebecca Mckenzie, Daniel Zahra, József Fiser Jan 2015

Enhanced Visual Statistical Learning In Adults With Autism., Matthew E. Roser, Richard N. Aslin, Rebecca Mckenzie, Daniel Zahra, József Fiser

School of Psychology

OBJECTIVE: Individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) are often characterized as having social engagement and language deficiencies, but a sparing of visuospatial processing and short-term memory (STM), with some evidence of supranormal levels of performance in these domains. The present study expanded on this evidence by investigating the observational learning of visuospatial concepts from patterns of covariation across multiple exemplars. METHOD: Child and adult participants with ASD, and age-matched control participants, viewed multishape arrays composed from a random combination of pairs of shapes that were each positioned in a fixed spatial arrangement. RESULTS: After this passive exposure phase, a posttest …


Refractory Depression: Mechanisms And Evaluation Of Radically Open Dialectical Behaviour Therapy (Ro-Dbt) [Reframed]: Protocol For Randomised Trial, T. R. Lynch, B. Whalley, R. J. Hempel, S. Byford, P Clarke, S Clarke, D. Kingdon, H. O'Mahen, I. T. Russell, J. Shearer, M. Stanton, M. Swales, A. Watkins, B. Remington Jan 2015

Refractory Depression: Mechanisms And Evaluation Of Radically Open Dialectical Behaviour Therapy (Ro-Dbt) [Reframed]: Protocol For Randomised Trial, T. R. Lynch, B. Whalley, R. J. Hempel, S. Byford, P Clarke, S Clarke, D. Kingdon, H. O'Mahen, I. T. Russell, J. Shearer, M. Stanton, M. Swales, A. Watkins, B. Remington

School of Psychology

IntroductionOnly 30–40% of depressed patients treated with medication achieve full remission. Studies that change medication or augment it by psychotherapy achieve only limited benefits, in part because current treatments are not designed for chronic and complex patients. Previous trials have excluded high-risk patients and those with comorbid personality disorder. Radically Open Dialectical Behaviour Therapy (RO-DBT) is a novel, transdiagnostic treatment for disorders of emotional over-control. The REFRAMED trial aims to evaluate the effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of RO-DBT for patients with treatment-resistant depression.Methods and analysisREFRAMED is a multicentre randomised controlled trial, comparing 7 months of individual and group RO-DBT treatment with …


Isotopic Analysis Of Jurassic (Callovian) Mollusks From The Christian Malford Lagerstatte (Uk): Implications For Ocean Water Temperature Estimates Based On Belemnoids, Gregory D. Price, Malcolm B. Hart, Philip R. Wilby, Kevin N. Page Jan 2015

Isotopic Analysis Of Jurassic (Callovian) Mollusks From The Christian Malford Lagerstatte (Uk): Implications For Ocean Water Temperature Estimates Based On Belemnoids, Gregory D. Price, Malcolm B. Hart, Philip R. Wilby, Kevin N. Page

School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences

No abstract provided.


On Learning Time Delays Between The Spikes From Different Input Neurons In A Biophysical Model Of A Pyramidal Neuron, Achilleas Koutsou, Guido Bugmann, Chris Christodoulou Jan 2015

On Learning Time Delays Between The Spikes From Different Input Neurons In A Biophysical Model Of A Pyramidal Neuron, Achilleas Koutsou, Guido Bugmann, Chris Christodoulou

School of Engineering, Computing and Mathematics

No abstract provided.


Official Statistics Data Integration For Enhanced Information Quality, L Dalla Valle, Ron S. Kenett Jan 2015

Official Statistics Data Integration For Enhanced Information Quality, L Dalla Valle, Ron S. Kenett

School of Engineering, Computing and Mathematics

No abstract provided.


Parasites And Personality In Periwinkles (Littorina Littorea): Infection Status Is Associated With Mean-Level Boldness But Not Repeatability., Ben Seaman, Mark Briffa Jan 2015

Parasites And Personality In Periwinkles (Littorina Littorea): Infection Status Is Associated With Mean-Level Boldness But Not Repeatability., Ben Seaman, Mark Briffa

School of Biological and Marine Sciences

We demonstrate the presence of animal personality in an inter-tidal gastropod, Littorina littorea, both in a sample of individuals infected by the trematode Cryptocotyle lingua and in an uninfected sample. On average infected individuals behaved more cautiously than individuals free of infection, but the parasite did not affect repeatability. Although the parasite is not associated with greater diversity of behaviour amongst infected individuals, infection might be associated with state-dependent personality differences between infected and non-infected individuals.


On The Verge? Preferential Use Of Road-Facing Hedgerow Margins By Bumblebees In Agro-Ecosystems, Mick E. Hanley, Joshua P. Wilkins Jan 2015

On The Verge? Preferential Use Of Road-Facing Hedgerow Margins By Bumblebees In Agro-Ecosystems, Mick E. Hanley, Joshua P. Wilkins

School of Biological and Marine Sciences

The global pollinator decline is commonly linked to modern intensive farming practices, partly because excessive herbicide and fertilizer use is thought to reduce pollinator food plant availability. This effect is particularly obvious across crop-/non-crop boundaries, but no study has compared pollinator and food plant abundance on adjacent crop- and roadside margins. We compared bumblebee abundance along 30 hedgerows in SW England; bordered either side by roads and arable fields (cultivated with wheat, barley, oilseed rape, or beans). Total bumblebee abundance along roadsides was over twice that observed on adjacent crop-facing margins, irrespective of crop type and this general pattern was …


Investigating Anhedonia In A Non-Conventional Species: Do Some Riding Horses Equus Caballus Display Symptoms Of Depression?, C Fureix, C Beaulieu, S Argaud, C Rochais, Et Al Jan 2015

Investigating Anhedonia In A Non-Conventional Species: Do Some Riding Horses Equus Caballus Display Symptoms Of Depression?, C Fureix, C Beaulieu, S Argaud, C Rochais, Et Al

School of Biological and Marine Sciences

Investigating depression-like conditions in animals is methodologically challenging, but potentially important for welfare. Some riding horses display ‘withdrawn’ states of inactivity and low responsiveness that resemble the reduced engagement with the environment shown by certain depressed patients. To assess whether these animals are experiencing a depression-like state, we investigated anhedonia – the loss of pleasure, a key symptom of human depression – in 20 withdrawn and non-withdrawn horses from the same stable. The time horses spent being withdrawn appeared unrelated to age or sex, but correlated with time devoted to stereotypic behaviour, a possible marker of lifetime stress. Comparison with …


Third-Generation Cephalosporin Resistance Conferred By A Chromosomally Encoded Blacmy-23 Gene In The Escherichia Coli St131 Reference Strain Ec958., Minh Duy Phan, Kate M. Peters, Sohinee Sarkar, Brian M. Forde, Alvin W. Lo, Mitchell Stanton-Cook, Leah W. Roberts, Mathew Upton, Scott A. Beatson, Mark A. Schembri Jan 2015

Third-Generation Cephalosporin Resistance Conferred By A Chromosomally Encoded Blacmy-23 Gene In The Escherichia Coli St131 Reference Strain Ec958., Minh Duy Phan, Kate M. Peters, Sohinee Sarkar, Brian M. Forde, Alvin W. Lo, Mitchell Stanton-Cook, Leah W. Roberts, Mathew Upton, Scott A. Beatson, Mark A. Schembri

School of Biomedical Sciences

OBJECTIVES: Escherichia coli ST131 is a globally disseminated MDR clone originally identified due to its association with the blaCTX-M-15 gene encoding an ESBL. It is thus assumed that blaCTX-M-15 is the major determinant for resistance to β-lactam antibiotics in this clone. The complete sequence of EC958, a reference strain for E. coli ST131, revealed that it contains a chromosomally located blaCMY-23 gene with an upstream ISEcp1 element as well as several additional plasmid-encoded β-lactamase genes. Here, we examined the genetic context of the blaCMY-23 element in EC958 and other E. coli ST131 strains and investigated the contribution of blaCMY-23 to …


Molecular Characterization Of A Multidrug Resistance Incf Plasmid From The Globally Disseminated Escherichia Coli St131 Clone., Minh Duy Phan, Brian M. Forde, Kate M. Peters, Sohinee Sarkar, Steven Hancock, Mitchell Stanton-Cook, Zakour Nl Ben, Mathew Upton, Scott A. Beatson, Mark A. Schembri Jan 2015

Molecular Characterization Of A Multidrug Resistance Incf Plasmid From The Globally Disseminated Escherichia Coli St131 Clone., Minh Duy Phan, Brian M. Forde, Kate M. Peters, Sohinee Sarkar, Steven Hancock, Mitchell Stanton-Cook, Zakour Nl Ben, Mathew Upton, Scott A. Beatson, Mark A. Schembri

School of Biomedical Sciences

Escherichia coli sequence type 131 (E. coli ST131) is a recently emerged and globally disseminated multidrug resistant clone associated with urinary tract and bloodstream infections. Plasmids represent a major vehicle for the carriage of antibiotic resistance genes in E. coli ST131. In this study, we determined the complete sequence and performed a comprehensive annotation of pEC958, an IncF plasmid from the E. coli ST131 reference strain EC958. Plasmid pEC958 is 135.6 kb in size, harbours two replicons (RepFIA and RepFII) and contains 12 antibiotic resistance genes (including the blaCTX-M-15 gene). We also carried out hyper-saturated transposon mutagenesis and multiplexed transposon …


Titanium Phosphate Glass Microcarriers Induce Enhanced Osteogenic Cell Proliferation And Human Mesenchymal Stem Cell Protein Expression, Nilay J. Lakhkar, Day R M, Hae Won Kim, Katarzyna Ludka, Nicola J. Mordan, Vehid Salih, Jonathan C. Knowles Jan 2015

Titanium Phosphate Glass Microcarriers Induce Enhanced Osteogenic Cell Proliferation And Human Mesenchymal Stem Cell Protein Expression, Nilay J. Lakhkar, Day R M, Hae Won Kim, Katarzyna Ludka, Nicola J. Mordan, Vehid Salih, Jonathan C. Knowles

Peninsula Dental School

In this study, we have developed 50- to 100-µm-sized titanium phosphate glass microcarriers (denoted as Ti5) that show enhanced proliferation of human mesenchymal stem cells and MG63 osteosarcoma cells, as well as enhanced human mesenchymal stem cell expression of bone differentiation markers, in comparison with commercially available glass microspheres at all time points. We also demonstrate that these microcarriers provide superior human mesenchymal stem cell proliferation with conventional Dulbecco’s Modified Eagle medium than with a specially developed commercial stem cell medium. The microcarrier proliferative capacity is revealed by a 24-fold increase in MG63 cell numbers in spinner flask bioreactor studies …


An Integrated Continuous Class-${\Rm F} ^{-1}$ Mode Power Amplifier Design Approach For Microwave Enhanced Portable Diagnostic Applications, Azeem Imtiaz, Jonathan Lees, Heungjae Choi, Lovleen Tina Joshi Jan 2015

An Integrated Continuous Class-${\Rm F} ^{-1}$ Mode Power Amplifier Design Approach For Microwave Enhanced Portable Diagnostic Applications, Azeem Imtiaz, Jonathan Lees, Heungjae Choi, Lovleen Tina Joshi

Peninsula Dental School

No abstract provided.


Development Of Radial Optic Flow Pattern Sensitivity At Different Speeds, Mahesh Raj Joshi, Helle K. Falkenberg Jan 2015

Development Of Radial Optic Flow Pattern Sensitivity At Different Speeds, Mahesh Raj Joshi, Helle K. Falkenberg

School of Health Professions

No abstract provided.


New Insights Into Landslide Processes Around Volcanic Islands From Remotely Operated Vehicle (Rov) Observations Offshore Montserrat, S. F.L. Watt, M. Jutzeler, P. J. Talling, S. N. Carey, R. S.J. Sparks, M. Tucker, A. J. Stinton, J. K. Fisher, D Wall‐Palmer, V. Hühnerbach, S. G. Moreton Jan 2015

New Insights Into Landslide Processes Around Volcanic Islands From Remotely Operated Vehicle (Rov) Observations Offshore Montserrat, S. F.L. Watt, M. Jutzeler, P. J. Talling, S. N. Carey, R. S.J. Sparks, M. Tucker, A. J. Stinton, J. K. Fisher, D Wall‐Palmer, V. Hühnerbach, S. G. Moreton

School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences

AbstractSubmarine landslide deposits have been mapped around many volcanic islands, but interpretations of their structure, composition, and emplacement are hindered by the challenges of investigating deposits directly. Here we report on detailed observations of four landslide deposits around Montserrat collected by Remotely Operated Vehicles, integrating direct imagery and sampling with sediment core and geophysical data. These complementary approaches enable a more comprehensive view of large‐scale mass‐wasting processes around island‐arc volcanoes than has been achievable previously. The most recent landslide occurred at 11.5–14 ka (Deposit 1; 1.7 km3) and formed a radially spreading hummocky deposit that is morphologically similar to many …


Aspergillus Nidulans Protein Kinase A Plays An Important Role In Cellulase Production, Assis Lj De, Laure Nicolas Annick Ries, Marcela Savoldi, Reis Tf Dos, Neil Andrew Brown, Gustavo Henrique Goldman Jan 2015

Aspergillus Nidulans Protein Kinase A Plays An Important Role In Cellulase Production, Assis Lj De, Laure Nicolas Annick Ries, Marcela Savoldi, Reis Tf Dos, Neil Andrew Brown, Gustavo Henrique Goldman

School of Biomedical Sciences

No abstract provided.


Tsallis Entropy As A Biomarker For Detection Of Alzheimer's Disease, Ali H. Al-Nuaimi, Emmanuel Jammeh, Lingfen Sun, Emmanuel Ifeachor Jan 2015

Tsallis Entropy As A Biomarker For Detection Of Alzheimer's Disease, Ali H. Al-Nuaimi, Emmanuel Jammeh, Lingfen Sun, Emmanuel Ifeachor

School of Engineering, Computing and Mathematics

No abstract provided.


An Investigation Into The Effects Of Different Types Of Exercise On The Maintenance Of Approach Motivation Levels, J. A.S. Lowenstein, K. Wright, A. Taylor, N. J. Moberly Jan 2015

An Investigation Into The Effects Of Different Types Of Exercise On The Maintenance Of Approach Motivation Levels, J. A.S. Lowenstein, K. Wright, A. Taylor, N. J. Moberly

Peninsula Medical School

No abstract provided.


Non-Transferrin-Bound Iron Is Associated With Biomarkers Of Oxidative Stress, Inflammation And Endothelial Dysfunction In Type 2 Diabetes, Husam Aljwaid, Desley L. White, Keith J. Collard, A. John Moody, Jonathan H. Pinkney Jan 2015

Non-Transferrin-Bound Iron Is Associated With Biomarkers Of Oxidative Stress, Inflammation And Endothelial Dysfunction In Type 2 Diabetes, Husam Aljwaid, Desley L. White, Keith J. Collard, A. John Moody, Jonathan H. Pinkney

School of Health Professions

No abstract provided.


Visions For The North Sea: The Societal Dilemma Behind Specifying Good Environmental Status, Alison J. Gilbert, Abigail Mcquatters-Gollop, Olivia Langmead, Laurence Mee, Jan Vermaat Jan 2015

Visions For The North Sea: The Societal Dilemma Behind Specifying Good Environmental Status, Alison J. Gilbert, Abigail Mcquatters-Gollop, Olivia Langmead, Laurence Mee, Jan Vermaat

School of Biological and Marine Sciences

No abstract provided.


Developing Students’ Energy Literacy In Higher Education, D Cotton, W Miller, J Winter, I Bailey, S Sterling Jan 2015

Developing Students’ Energy Literacy In Higher Education, D Cotton, W Miller, J Winter, I Bailey, S Sterling

School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences

No abstract provided.


Determining Riverine Sediment Storage Mechanisms Of Biologically Reactive Phosphorus In Situ Using Dgt, Emily E. Burns, Sean Comber, William Blake, Rupert Goddard, Laurence Couldrick Jan 2015

Determining Riverine Sediment Storage Mechanisms Of Biologically Reactive Phosphorus In Situ Using Dgt, Emily E. Burns, Sean Comber, William Blake, Rupert Goddard, Laurence Couldrick

School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences

No abstract provided.