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Constitutive Activation Of The Egfr–Stat1 Axis Increases Proliferation Of Meningioma Tumor Cells, Sara Ferluga, Daniele Baiz, David A. Hilton, Claire L. Adams, Emanuela Ercolano, Jemma Dunn, Kayleigh Bassiri, Kathreena M. Kurian, Clemens O. Hanemann Jan 2020

Constitutive Activation Of The Egfr–Stat1 Axis Increases Proliferation Of Meningioma Tumor Cells, Sara Ferluga, Daniele Baiz, David A. Hilton, Claire L. Adams, Emanuela Ercolano, Jemma Dunn, Kayleigh Bassiri, Kathreena M. Kurian, Clemens O. Hanemann

Peninsula Medical School

Abstract Background Meningiomas are the most frequent primary brain tumors of the central nervous system. The standard of treatment is surgery and radiotherapy, but effective pharmacological options are not available yet. The well-characterized genetic background stratifies these tumors in several subgroups, thus increasing diversification. We identified epidermal growth factor receptor–signal transducer and activator of transcription 1 (EGFR–STAT1) overexpression and activation as a common identifier of these tumors. Methods We analyzed STAT1 overexpression and phosphorylation in 131 meningiomas of different grades and locations by utilizing several techniques, including Western blots, qPCR, and immunocytochemistry. We also silenced and overexpressed wild-type and mutant …


The Changing Face Of Neurosurgery For The Older Person, Ellie Edlmann, Peter C. Whitfield Jan 2020

The Changing Face Of Neurosurgery For The Older Person, Ellie Edlmann, Peter C. Whitfield

Peninsula Medical School

No abstract provided.


A Framework For The Development Of A Global Standardised Marine Taxon Reference Image Database (Smartar-Id) To Support Image-Based Analyses, Kerry L. Howell, Jaime S. Davies, A. Louise Allcock, Andreia Braga-Henriques, Pal Buhl-Mortensen, Marina Carreiro-Silva, Carlos Dominguez-Carrió, Jennifer M. Durden, Nicola L. Foster, Chloe A. Game, Becky Hitchin, Tammy Horton, Brett Hosking, Daniel O.B. Jones, Christopher Mah, Marchais C Laguionie, Lenaick Menot, Telmo Morato, Tabitha R.R. Pearman, Nils Piechaud, Rebecca E. Ross, Henry A. Ruhl, Hanieh Saeedi, Paris V. Stefanoudis, Gerald H. Taranto, Michael B. Thompson, James R. Taylor, Paul Tyler, Johanne Vad, Lissette Victorero, Rui P. Vieira, Lucy C. Woodall, Joana R. Xavier, Daniel Wagner Dec 2019

A Framework For The Development Of A Global Standardised Marine Taxon Reference Image Database (Smartar-Id) To Support Image-Based Analyses, Kerry L. Howell, Jaime S. Davies, A. Louise Allcock, Andreia Braga-Henriques, Pal Buhl-Mortensen, Marina Carreiro-Silva, Carlos Dominguez-Carrió, Jennifer M. Durden, Nicola L. Foster, Chloe A. Game, Becky Hitchin, Tammy Horton, Brett Hosking, Daniel O.B. Jones, Christopher Mah, Marchais C Laguionie, Lenaick Menot, Telmo Morato, Tabitha R.R. Pearman, Nils Piechaud, Rebecca E. Ross, Henry A. Ruhl, Hanieh Saeedi, Paris V. Stefanoudis, Gerald H. Taranto, Michael B. Thompson, James R. Taylor, Paul Tyler, Johanne Vad, Lissette Victorero, Rui P. Vieira, Lucy C. Woodall, Joana R. Xavier, Daniel Wagner

School of Biological and Marine Sciences

No abstract provided.


Measuring Affect-Related Cognitive Bias: Do Mice In Opposite Affective States React Differently To Negative And Positive Stimuli?, Ac Trevarthen, S Kappel, C Roberts, Em Finnegan, Et Al Dec 2019

Measuring Affect-Related Cognitive Bias: Do Mice In Opposite Affective States React Differently To Negative And Positive Stimuli?, Ac Trevarthen, S Kappel, C Roberts, Em Finnegan, Et Al

School of Biological and Marine Sciences

Affect-driven cognitive biases can be used as an indicator of affective (emotional) state. Since humans in negative affective states demonstrate greater responses to negatively-valenced stimuli, we investigated putative affect-related bias in mice by monitoring their response to unexpected, task-irrelevant stimuli of different valence. Thirty-one C57BL/6J and 31 DBA/2J females were individually trained to return to their home-cage in a runway. Mice then underwent an affective manipulation acutely inducing a negative (NegAff) or a comparatively less negative (CompLessNeg) affective state before immediately being tested in the runway with either an ‘attractive’ (familiar food) or ‘threatening’ (flashing light) stimulus. Mice were subsequently …


A Simple Mooring Modification Reduces Impacts On Seagrass Meadows, Anna L. Luff, Emma V. Sheehan, Mark Parry, Nicholas D. Higgs Dec 2019

A Simple Mooring Modification Reduces Impacts On Seagrass Meadows, Anna L. Luff, Emma V. Sheehan, Mark Parry, Nicholas D. Higgs

School of Biological and Marine Sciences

AbstractMoorings can have a detrimental impact on seagrass, fragmenting the meadows, resulting in the habitat degradation. To reduce contact of the moorings with the seabed we attached small floats along the chain of a traditional swing mooring and monitored the ecological impacts of this modified mooring, with reference to a standard swing mooring, in a seagrass meadow under high tidal influence. After three years, seagrass density surrounding the modified mooring was over twice as high as that of the standard mooring, with blade length surrounding the modified mooring also found to exceed that of the standard mooring. Seagrass-associated epifaunal species …


From Pup To Predator; Generalized Hidden Markov Models Reveal Rapid Development Of Movement Strategies In A Naïve Long-Lived Vertebrate, Matt I.D. Carter, Brett T. Mcclintock, Clare B. Embling, Kimberley A. Bennett, Dave Thompson, Debbie J.F. Russell Dec 2019

From Pup To Predator; Generalized Hidden Markov Models Reveal Rapid Development Of Movement Strategies In A Naïve Long-Lived Vertebrate, Matt I.D. Carter, Brett T. Mcclintock, Clare B. Embling, Kimberley A. Bennett, Dave Thompson, Debbie J.F. Russell

School of Biological and Marine Sciences

No abstract provided.


Peatland Catchments And Natural Flood Management. Review Commissioned By The Iucn Uk Peatland Programme’S Commission Of Inquiry On Peatlands., T Allot, T Auñón, J Dunn, C Evans, J Labadz, P Lunt, M Macdonald, T Nisbet, R Owen, M Pilkington, S Proctor, E Shuttleworth, J Walker Dec 2019

Peatland Catchments And Natural Flood Management. Review Commissioned By The Iucn Uk Peatland Programme’S Commission Of Inquiry On Peatlands., T Allot, T Auñón, J Dunn, C Evans, J Labadz, P Lunt, M Macdonald, T Nisbet, R Owen, M Pilkington, S Proctor, E Shuttleworth, J Walker

School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences

No abstract provided.


Bradykinesia Is Driven By Cumulative Beta Power During Continuous Movement And Alleviated By Gabaergic Modulation In Parkinson’S Disease., Emma J. Prokic, Gavin L. Woodhall, Adrian C. Williams, Ian M. Stanford, Stephen D. Hall Dec 2019

Bradykinesia Is Driven By Cumulative Beta Power During Continuous Movement And Alleviated By Gabaergic Modulation In Parkinson’S Disease., Emma J. Prokic, Gavin L. Woodhall, Adrian C. Williams, Ian M. Stanford, Stephen D. Hall

School of Psychology

No abstract provided.


Genome-Wide Analysis And Characterization Of F-Box Gene Family In Gossypium Hirsutum L, S Zhang, Z Tian, H Li, Y Guo, Et Al Dec 2019

Genome-Wide Analysis And Characterization Of F-Box Gene Family In Gossypium Hirsutum L, S Zhang, Z Tian, H Li, Y Guo, Et Al

School of Biological and Marine Sciences

Background F-box proteins are substrate-recognition components of the Skp1-Rbx1-Cul1-F-box protein (SCF) ubiquitin ligases. By selectively targeting the key regulatory proteins or enzymes for ubiquitination and 26S proteasome mediated degradation, F-box proteins play diverse roles in plant growth/development and in the responses of plants to both environmental and endogenous signals. Studies of F-box proteins from the model plant Arabidopsis and from many additional plant species have demonstrated that they belong to a super gene family, and function across almost all aspects of the plant life cycle. However, systematic exploration of F-box family genes in the important fiber crop cotton (Gossypium hirsutum) …


Winter Anthropology In Finland: Exploring ‘Green Care’ In Low Light, J Tredinnick-Rowe Dec 2019

Winter Anthropology In Finland: Exploring ‘Green Care’ In Low Light, J Tredinnick-Rowe

Peninsula Medical School

This photo essay discusses some of the methodological issues for medical anthropology in the environmental human health sector, particularly, how season and latitude shape the types of anthropology that can be employed, the activities that can be undertaken, and their aesthetic effect on visual ethnography. The essay recounts the author’s experiences conducting ethnographic studies in the winter months in Finland and discusses the various challenges that environmental conditions produce for researchers.


Acidithiobacillus, R Boden, L Hutt Dec 2019

Acidithiobacillus, R Boden, L Hutt

School of Biological and Marine Sciences

No abstract provided.


Diatoms Dominate And Alter Marine Food-Webs When Co2 Rises, Ben P. Harvey, Sylvain Agostini, Koetsu Kon, Shigeki Wada, Jason M. Hall-Spencer Dec 2019

Diatoms Dominate And Alter Marine Food-Webs When Co2 Rises, Ben P. Harvey, Sylvain Agostini, Koetsu Kon, Shigeki Wada, Jason M. Hall-Spencer

School of Biological and Marine Sciences

Diatoms are so important in ocean food-webs that any human induced changes in their abundance could have major effects on the ecology of our seas. The large chain-forming diatom Biddulphia biddulphiana greatly increases in abundance as pCO2 increases along natural seawater CO2 gradients in the north Pacific Ocean. In areas with reference levels of pCO2, it was hard to find, but as seawater carbon dioxide levels rose, it replaced seaweeds and became the main habitat-forming species on the seabed. This diatom algal turf supported a marine invertebrate community that was much less diverse and completely differed from the benthic communities …


Distinct Vip And Pacap Functions In The Distal Nerve Stump During Peripheral Nerve Regeneration, Patricia K. Woodley, Qing Min, Yankun Li, Nina F. Mulvey, David B. Parkinson, Xin Peng Dun Dec 2019

Distinct Vip And Pacap Functions In The Distal Nerve Stump During Peripheral Nerve Regeneration, Patricia K. Woodley, Qing Min, Yankun Li, Nina F. Mulvey, David B. Parkinson, Xin Peng Dun

Peninsula Medical School

Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide (VIP) and Pituitary Adenylyl Cyclase Activating Peptide (PACAP) are regeneration-associated neuropeptides, which are up-regulated by neurons following peripheral nerve injury. So far, they have only been studied for their roles as autocrine signals for both neuronal survival and axon outgrowth during peripheral nerve regeneration. In this report, we examined VIP and PACAP’s paracrine effects on Schwann cells and macrophages in the distal nerve stump during peripheral nerve regeneration. We show that VPAC1, VPAC2, and PAC1 are all up-regulated in the mouse distal nerve following peripheral nerve injury and are highly expressed in Schwann cells and macrophages within …


Is Nurturing Attachments Training Effective In Improving Self-Efficacy In Foster Carers And In Reducing Manifestations Of Reactive Attachment Disorder In Looked After Children?, Naomi Gibbons, Alison M. Bacon, Lisa Lloyd Dec 2019

Is Nurturing Attachments Training Effective In Improving Self-Efficacy In Foster Carers And In Reducing Manifestations Of Reactive Attachment Disorder In Looked After Children?, Naomi Gibbons, Alison M. Bacon, Lisa Lloyd

School of Psychology

No abstract provided.


Analysis Of Schwann Cell Migration And Axon Regeneration Following Nerve Injury In The Sciatic Nerve Bridge, B Chen, Q Chen, David B. Parkinson, Xin Peng Dun Dec 2019

Analysis Of Schwann Cell Migration And Axon Regeneration Following Nerve Injury In The Sciatic Nerve Bridge, B Chen, Q Chen, David B. Parkinson, Xin Peng Dun

Peninsula Medical School

No abstract provided.


Mapping Careful Epidemiology: Spatialities, Materialities And Subjectivities In The Management Of Animal Disease., Gareth Enticott, Kim Ward Dec 2019

Mapping Careful Epidemiology: Spatialities, Materialities And Subjectivities In The Management Of Animal Disease., Gareth Enticott, Kim Ward

School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences

No abstract provided.


Bim Contributes To The Progression Of Huntington's Disease-Associated Phenotypes, Sheridan L. Roberts, Tracey Evans, Yi Yang, Yuhua Fu, Robert W. Button, Rebecca J. Sipthorpe, Katrina Cowan, Evelina Valionyte, Oleg Anichtchik, Huiliang Li, Boxun Lu, Shouqing Luo Dec 2019

Bim Contributes To The Progression Of Huntington's Disease-Associated Phenotypes, Sheridan L. Roberts, Tracey Evans, Yi Yang, Yuhua Fu, Robert W. Button, Rebecca J. Sipthorpe, Katrina Cowan, Evelina Valionyte, Oleg Anichtchik, Huiliang Li, Boxun Lu, Shouqing Luo

Peninsula Medical School

Abstract Huntington’s disease (HD) is a neurodegenerative disorder caused by an expanded polyglutamine (polyQ) tract in the huntingtin (HTT) protein. Mutant HTT (mHTT) toxicity is caused by its aggregation/oligomerisation. The striatum is the most vulnerable region, although all brain regions undergo neuronal degeneration in the disease. Here we show that the levels of Bim, a BH3-only protein, are significantly increased in HD human post-mortem and HD mouse striata, correlating with neuronal death. Bim reduction ameliorates mHTT neurotoxicity in HD cells. In the HD mouse model, heterozygous Bim knockout significantly mitigates mHTT accumulation and neuronal death, ameliorating disease-associated phenotypes and lifespan. …


Defining Coastal Resilience, Gerd Masselink, Ei D. Lazarus Dec 2019

Defining Coastal Resilience, Gerd Masselink, Ei D. Lazarus

School of Biological and Marine Sciences

The concept of resilience has taken root in the discourse of environmental management, especially regarding Building with Nature strategies for embedding natural physical and ecological dynamics into engineered interventions in developed coastal zones. Resilience is seen as a desirable quality, and coastal management policy and practice are increasingly aimed at maximising it. Despite its ubiquity, resilience remains ambiguous and poorly defined in management contexts. What is coastal resilience? And what does it mean in settings where natural environmental dynamics have been supplanted by human-dominated systems? Here, we revisit the complexities of coastal resilience as a concept, a term, and a …


Uk Deep‐Sea Conservation: Progress, Lessons Learned, And Actions For The Future, Peter D. Chaniotis, Laura M. Robson, Anaëlle J. Lemasson, Alice L. Cornthwaite, Kerry L. Howell Dec 2019

Uk Deep‐Sea Conservation: Progress, Lessons Learned, And Actions For The Future, Peter D. Chaniotis, Laura M. Robson, Anaëlle J. Lemasson, Alice L. Cornthwaite, Kerry L. Howell

School of Biological and Marine Sciences

No abstract provided.


Dark Carbon Fixation In The Arabian Sea Oxygen Minimum Zone Contributes To Sedimentary Organic Carbon (Som), Sk Lengger, D Rush, Jp Mayser, J Blewett, Et Al Dec 2019

Dark Carbon Fixation In The Arabian Sea Oxygen Minimum Zone Contributes To Sedimentary Organic Carbon (Som), Sk Lengger, D Rush, Jp Mayser, J Blewett, Et Al

School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences

In response to rising CO2 concentrations and increasing global sea surface temperatures, oxygen minimum zones (OMZ), or “dead zones”, are expected to expand. OMZs are fueled by high primary productivity, resulting in enhanced biological oxygen demand at depth, subsequent oxygen depletion, and attenuation of remineralization. This results in the deposition of organic carbon-rich sediments. Carbon drawdown is estimated by biogeochemical models; however, a major process is ignored: carbon fixation in the mid- and lower water column. Here, we show that chemoautotrophic carbon fixation is important in the Arabian Sea OMZ; and manifests in a 13C-depleted signature of sedimentary organic carbon. …


First Record Of Ectoparasitic Isopods On The Invasive Lionfish Pterois Miles (Bennett, 1828), C Antoniou, P Kleitou, F Crocetta, M Lorenti Dec 2019

First Record Of Ectoparasitic Isopods On The Invasive Lionfish Pterois Miles (Bennett, 1828), C Antoniou, P Kleitou, F Crocetta, M Lorenti

School of Biological and Marine Sciences

No abstract provided.


Guidelines On The Diagnosis And Management Of The Progressive Ataxias, Silva R. De, J Greenfield, A Cook, H Bonney, J Vallortigara, B Hunt, P Giunti Dec 2019

Guidelines On The Diagnosis And Management Of The Progressive Ataxias, Silva R. De, J Greenfield, A Cook, H Bonney, J Vallortigara, B Hunt, P Giunti

More Faculty of Health Research

No abstract provided.


Reconciling The Stratigraphy And Depositional History Of The Lycian Orogen-Top Basins, Sw Anatolia, Mc Alçiçek, Serdar Mayda, Veen Jh Ten, Sarah J. Boulton, Thomas A. Neubauer, H Alçiçek, Alexey S. Tesakov, Gerçek Saraç, H. Yavuz Hakyemez, Fikret Göktaş, Alison M. Murray, Vadim V. Titov, Gonzalo Jiménez-Moreno, Yeşim Büyükmeriç, Frank P. Wesselingh, Johannes M. Bouchal, F. Arzu Demirel, T. Tanju Kaya, Kazım Halaçlar, Melike Bilgin, Den Hoek Ostende Lw Van Dec 2019

Reconciling The Stratigraphy And Depositional History Of The Lycian Orogen-Top Basins, Sw Anatolia, Mc Alçiçek, Serdar Mayda, Veen Jh Ten, Sarah J. Boulton, Thomas A. Neubauer, H Alçiçek, Alexey S. Tesakov, Gerçek Saraç, H. Yavuz Hakyemez, Fikret Göktaş, Alison M. Murray, Vadim V. Titov, Gonzalo Jiménez-Moreno, Yeşim Büyükmeriç, Frank P. Wesselingh, Johannes M. Bouchal, F. Arzu Demirel, T. Tanju Kaya, Kazım Halaçlar, Melike Bilgin, Den Hoek Ostende Lw Van

School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences

Terrestrial fossil records from the SW Anatolian basins are crucial both for regional correlations and palaeoenvironmental reconstructions. By reassessing biostratigraphic constraints and incorporating new fossil data, we calibrated and reconstructed the late Neogene and Quaternary palaeoenvironments within a regional palaeogeographical framework. The culmination of the Taurides in SW Anatolia was followed by a regional crustal extension from the late Tortonian onwards that created a broad array of NE-trending orogen-top basins with synchronic associations of alluvial fan, fluvial and lacustrine deposits. The terrestrial basins are superimposed on the upper Burdigalian marine units with a c. 7 myr of hiatus that corresponds …


Trissopathes (Anthozoa: Antipatharia) In The North-East Atlantic, With A Description Of T. Grasshoffi Sp. Nov., Tina N. Molodtsova, Álvaro Altuna, Jason M. Hall-Spencer Nov 2019

Trissopathes (Anthozoa: Antipatharia) In The North-East Atlantic, With A Description Of T. Grasshoffi Sp. Nov., Tina N. Molodtsova, Álvaro Altuna, Jason M. Hall-Spencer

School of Biological and Marine Sciences

A new species of antipatharian (black coral) in the genus Trissopathes is described. It is common in the bathyal zone of the north-east Atlantic, including the Bay of Biscay, Celtic Slope and adjacent banks and seamounts. The species is often observed in underwater photographs from untrawled parts of carbonate mounds in the area. Trissopathes grasshoffi sp. nov. can be easily distinguished from its three congeners by having relatively sparse branching, a higher density of primary pinnules, and 3–6 secondary anterolateral pinnules as well as by the shape and size of its spines. The present state of knowledge of Trissopathes is …


Distinct Vip And Pacap Functions In The Distal Nerve Stump During Peripheral Nerve Regeneration, Xin Peng Dun Nov 2019

Distinct Vip And Pacap Functions In The Distal Nerve Stump During Peripheral Nerve Regeneration, Xin Peng Dun

More Faculty of Health Research

No abstract provided.


Ocean Community Warming Responses Explained By Thermal Affinities And Temperature Gradients, Mt Burrows, Ae Bates, Mj Costello, M Edwards, Et Al Nov 2019

Ocean Community Warming Responses Explained By Thermal Affinities And Temperature Gradients, Mt Burrows, Ae Bates, Mj Costello, M Edwards, Et Al

School of Biological and Marine Sciences

As ocean temperatures rise, species distributions are tracking towards historically cooler regions in line with their thermal affinity1,2. However, different responses of species to warming and changed species interactions make predicting biodiversity redistribution and relative abundance a challenge3,4. Here, we use three decades of fish and plankton survey data to assess how warming changes the relative dominance of warm-affinity and cold-affinity species5,6. Regions with stable temperatures (for example, the Northeast Pacific and Gulf of Mexico) show little change in dominance structure, while areas with warming (for example, the North Atlantic) see strong shifts towards warm-water species dominance. Importantly, communities whose …


Moderate Reductions In Dissolved Oxygen May Compromise Performance In An Ecologically-Important Estuarine Invertebrate, Michael Collins, Oliver Tills, Lucy M. Turner, Melody S. Clark, John I. Spicer, Manuela Truebano Nov 2019

Moderate Reductions In Dissolved Oxygen May Compromise Performance In An Ecologically-Important Estuarine Invertebrate, Michael Collins, Oliver Tills, Lucy M. Turner, Melody S. Clark, John I. Spicer, Manuela Truebano

School of Biological and Marine Sciences

No abstract provided.


Social Information Use In Adolescents: The Impact Of Adults, Peers And Household Composition, Lucas Molleman, Patricia Kanngiesser, Den Bos W Van Nov 2019

Social Information Use In Adolescents: The Impact Of Adults, Peers And Household Composition, Lucas Molleman, Patricia Kanngiesser, Den Bos W Van

School of Psychology

No abstract provided.


Genotyping-By-Sequencing Of Gossypium Hirsutum Races And Cultivars Uncovers Novel Patterns Of Genetic Relationships And Domestication Footprints, S Zhang, Y Cai, J Guo, K Li, Et Al Nov 2019

Genotyping-By-Sequencing Of Gossypium Hirsutum Races And Cultivars Uncovers Novel Patterns Of Genetic Relationships And Domestication Footprints, S Zhang, Y Cai, J Guo, K Li, Et Al

School of Biological and Marine Sciences

Determining the genetic rearrangement and domestication footprints in Gossypium hirsutum cultivars and primitive race genotypes are essential for effective gene conservation efforts and the development of advanced breeding molecular markers for marker-assisted breeding. In this study, 94 accessions representing the 7 primitive races of G hirsutum, along with 9 G hirsutum and 12 Gossypium barbadense cultivated accessions were evaluated. The genotyping-by-sequencing (GBS) approach was employed and 146 558 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) were generated. Distinct SNP signatures were identified through the combination of selection scans and association analyses. Phylogenetic analyses were also conducted, and we concluded that the Latifolium, Richmondi, …


Investigating Cooperation With Robotic Peers, Debora Zanatto, Massimiliano Patacchiola, Jeremy Goslin, Angelo Cangelosi Nov 2019

Investigating Cooperation With Robotic Peers, Debora Zanatto, Massimiliano Patacchiola, Jeremy Goslin, Angelo Cangelosi

School of Psychology

No abstract provided.