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Antimicrobial Mouthwashes: An Overview Of Mechanisms—What Do We Still Need To Know?, Zoë Brookes, Colman Mcgrath, Michael Mccullough Jan 2023

Antimicrobial Mouthwashes: An Overview Of Mechanisms—What Do We Still Need To Know?, Zoë Brookes, Colman Mcgrath, Michael Mccullough

Peninsula Dental School

This narrative literature review is the first in a 6-section supplement on the role of mouthwashes in oral care. This introduction briefly summarises current knowledge on antimicrobial mechanisms, relating to some of the most common over-the-counter mouthwash products available worldwide: chlorhexidine, hydrogen peroxide, cetylpyridinium chloride, povidone iodine, and essential oils. The aim of this first article is to describe how mouthwashes “kill” pathogenic microbes when used adjunctively and thus provide a basis for their widespread use to manage key oral diseases, namely caries, gingivitis, and periodontal disease. This article therefore sets the scene for subsequent, more detailed exploration of mouthwashes …

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Anger Without A Voice, Anger Without A Solution: Parent–Child Triadic Processes And The Experience Of Caring For A Child With A Diagnosis Of Autism, R Dallos, B Grey, R Stancer Jan 2023

Anger Without A Voice, Anger Without A Solution: Parent–Child Triadic Processes And The Experience Of Caring For A Child With A Diagnosis Of Autism, R Dallos, B Grey, R Stancer

Plymouth Institute of Education

The paper offers an exploration of triadic attachment dynamics in families with a child with a diagnosis of autism. The Meaning of the Child (MotC) framework was employed as part of a multiple case study design with 18 parents (9 couples) in order to examine their representation of parenting and relationship with their child. The MotC analysis employed concepts of parental sensitivity, mentalisation and reflective functioning, and a triadic, analysis was added to consider the family relational processes. The findings indicate that the parents were significantly influenced by the use of a dominant ‘autism discourse’. ‘Autism’ in their child presented …

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Soil And Wastewater Properties That Influence The Uptake Of Anti(Retro)Viral Pharmaceuticals In Plants, Preston Chebai Akenga Jan 2023

Soil And Wastewater Properties That Influence The Uptake Of Anti(Retro)Viral Pharmaceuticals In Plants, Preston Chebai Akenga

School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences Theses

This study evaluated the fate of anti(retro)viral (ARVDs) pharmaceutical compounds in the wastewater-soil-plant-human continuum. Wastewater frequently contains pharmaceutical micropollutants. A cause to worry is the potential uptake and bioaccumulation of these biologically active contaminants via the plant's roots into the edible tissues, posing a health threat to non-target consumers. Presently, the influence of the wastewater and soil parameters (pH, soil organic matter, dissolved organic carbon) on the uptake patterns of the (ARVDs) pharmaceutical compounds is unclear. Hydroponic and pot-soil experiments were utilized to assess the ARVD accumulation in lettuce (Lactuca sativa). Spiked freshwater (stored rainwater) and synthetic wastewater (adopted as …

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Phosphorus Fate And Management On The Somerset Levels And Moors Ramsar Ditch Systems, Ry Crocker Jan 2023

Phosphorus Fate And Management On The Somerset Levels And Moors Ramsar Ditch Systems, Ry Crocker

School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences Theses

Fundamental to all life, phosphorus is an essential nutrient and, contrastingly, a significant threat to surface water biodiversity globally as one of the most common causes of eutrophication in surface waters worldwide. Freshwater wetland ditches afflicted by these conditions undergo a shift from primarily submerged aquatic vegetation to algae or duckweed dominance, leading to excessive shading and anoxic conditions. Phosphorus, from both point (e.g., wastewater treatment works) and diffuse (largely agricultural runoff) sources, is currently the central reason for failure in the majority of surface water bodies in England to meet required water quality guidelines. Historic data indicate that surface …

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Going Back-To-The-Land In The Anthropocene: A More-Than-Human Journey Into Anarchist Geography, Carlotta Molfese Jan 2023

Going Back-To-The-Land In The Anthropocene: A More-Than-Human Journey Into Anarchist Geography, Carlotta Molfese

School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences Theses

This thesis is a theoretical and empirical journey into the more-than-human worlds of countercultural back-to-the-land farmers: radical environmentalists who migrate to rural places and take up farming as a way of living. It investigates their everyday life and relations to the land as a key dimension of their political radicalism and it interrogates the transformative potential of a back-to-the-land way of living. It does so by examining their lived experience of (post)migration and by paying attention to their affective experiences, encounters and everyday doings with the land and the non-human beings, objects and forces that are enrolled and shape their …

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An Isotopic Analysis Of Carbon Dynamics In Sphagnum Peat, Jasper Michael Newman Jan 2023

An Isotopic Analysis Of Carbon Dynamics In Sphagnum Peat, Jasper Michael Newman

School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences Theses

Methane and carbon dioxide produced in peatlands can be held temporarily in dissolved surface waters and accessible to aquatic plants. The primary peat building plant in northern peatlands, Sphagnum moss, grows in these dissolved carbon rich waters. Understanding Sphagnum carbon cycles is key for radiocarbon dating, peatland restoration, and modelling of methane release from warming peatlands globally. This combined surface and multi‐proxy palaeoenvironmental study challenges common assumptions about the dissolved gas cycling in this semi‐aquatic environment. The Sphagnum associated methanotrophic communities within the water filled hyaline cells have commonly been linked to unusual 13C‐depleted measurements of Sphagnum carbon isotope ratios. …

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Characterisation Of Caspase-6-Dependent Regulatory Mechanisms Of Sqstm1/P62 Droplet-Based Autophagy, Evelina Valionyte Jan 2023

Characterisation Of Caspase-6-Dependent Regulatory Mechanisms Of Sqstm1/P62 Droplet-Based Autophagy, Evelina Valionyte

Peninsula Medical School Theses

p62, otherwise known as SQSTM1, is the most characterised selective autophagy receptor essential for autophagic cargo recognition, capture and degradation. p62 and its cargo form liquid-liquid phase-separated droplets which operate as assembly platforms for the formation of autophagosomes. It is poorly understood how physiological and pathological conditions modulate p62 droplet-based autophagy. In this study, the effects of cellular toxicity upon the regulation of p62 droplet-based autophagy were investigated. This study discovered that the inflammatory toxicity promotes caspase-6 to cleave p62 at a novel site D256. As the C-terminal cleavage product was undetected via western blotting rendering it unstable, the attention …

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Molecular Biology Of Peripheral Nerve Regeneration: Expression And Role Of Netrin-1, Dcc And Runx2, Lolita Singh Jan 2023

Molecular Biology Of Peripheral Nerve Regeneration: Expression And Role Of Netrin-1, Dcc And Runx2, Lolita Singh

Peninsula Medical School Theses

Damage to the peripheral nerves causes a series of molecular, cellular, and structural changes critical to initiating a successful regenerative process involving degeneration, inflammation, axon re-growth and innervation of the denervated target, and finally functional recovery. In this thesis I sought to study the expression and role of an axon guidance molecule - Netrin-1 in peripheral nerve repair. Using a Schwann cell-specific Netrin-1 knockout mouse model, I showed an increased disorganisation and misdirection of re-growing axons within the nerve bridge following transection injury. However, this did not affect the number of axons innervating the distal nerve. Moreover, functional recovery was …

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The Role Of Tau In Epidermal Stratification And Differentiation And Its Implications In Skin Cancer, Charlotte Illsley Jan 2023

The Role Of Tau In Epidermal Stratification And Differentiation And Its Implications In Skin Cancer, Charlotte Illsley

Other Faculty of Health Theses

Background: Microtubule associated proteins are a group of proteins well characterised for their role in the stabilisation and polymerisation of microtubules, but they have been increasingly demonstrated to have a more diverse role within cells. Tau is a microtubule associated protein, well studied for its pathological role in Alzheimer’s disease. Recent studies have provided evidence that tau is also expressed in the epidermal compartment of the skin. However, the precise roles of tau during epidermal stratification and differentiation are currently unknown. Aims: This study aims to investigate the role of tau in epidermal stratification and differentiation and its function in …

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Octopus Optics: A Cross-Disciplinary Investigation Of Human Visual Bias In Narrative With Corresponding Writing Experiments Using Animal Focalisation, Stephanie Jane Cussans Moran Jan 2023

Octopus Optics: A Cross-Disciplinary Investigation Of Human Visual Bias In Narrative With Corresponding Writing Experiments Using Animal Focalisation, Stephanie Jane Cussans Moran

School of Art, Design and Architecture Theses

What is it like to be a human? If an octopus wrote an anthropology based on human depictions of octopuses then how might that reconfigure this existential question? This thesis addresses the posthuman problem of visual bias in animal storytelling practices by experimentally adopting the perspective of another highly visual animal - the octopus - through fiction. It seeks to question, find the edges, and feel the limitations of human representations of other animals and asks what doing so might say about our own naturalcultural perceptions and interpretations. In attending particularly to opticality in Anglophone storytelling, the thesis investigates ways …

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Building Immersive Environments Towards Non-Human Models Of Organizing Against Global Crisis, Luis Andre Varela Reis Jan 2023

Building Immersive Environments Towards Non-Human Models Of Organizing Against Global Crisis, Luis Andre Varela Reis

School of Art, Design and Architecture Theses

The wolfanddotcom series of artworks seeks to establish new knowledge embedded in its practice within a nascent field combining the areas of aesthetic computation, interactive electronic arts, videogames, mythology, biology, human/non-human computer interfaces. Wolfanddotcom's research leads investigations on bio-electronic and imaginary arts alloyed with a mythological and non-human turn, mainly through the creation of dynamic art-sci constructs, in the form of mythological videogames and bio-electronic aggregates, by establishing multiple lines of flight onto a creative framework, seeking novel, procedural, immersive, cathartic and bio-electronic methods. With a final purpose of exploring new electronic-based arts’ aesthetic regions, unexampled connections between generative (Eno) …

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The Postnatural Animal In Contemporary Art, Paul Finnegan Jan 2023

The Postnatural Animal In Contemporary Art, Paul Finnegan

School of Art, Design and Architecture Theses

The thesis uses art practice as a research method to propose novel characterisations of animal life. These characterisations aim to challenge an organicist image of non-human animals. The thesis considers animal bodies and behaviours as subject to aesthetic judgments that are underpinned by deeper ontological and epistemological commitments as to relations between nature and society, in which to be categorised as the former entails a series of privations in relation to the latter – the absence of freedom, subjectivity and creativity. Scholarly research on the history of the perception and conception of animal life within modernity, and subsequent challenges made …

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Humanity Undone, A Practice Led Enquiry Into Self-Injury, Karen Abadie Jan 2023

Humanity Undone, A Practice Led Enquiry Into Self-Injury, Karen Abadie

School of Art, Design and Architecture Theses

This thesis enquires into my lived experience of self-injury (cutting my own skin), asking to what extent can moving image, sound and performance in the context of art installation reveal an understanding of the processes of self-injury. I employ an embodied onto-epistemological methodology that blends artistic enquiry with active engagement with phenomenological and new materialist feminist theory. This investigation reveals a dynamic yet subtle relationship between the body-as-object and the body-as- subject, as initially described by Husserl as Leib and Körper (1990). I use 16mm film and performance in a haptic immersive installation environment to articulate these dynamic subtleties. Merleau-Ponty …

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Casting A Line To The Land: Narratologies Of Embodied Rituals And Connectivity To Place, Zoe Latham Jan 2023

Casting A Line To The Land: Narratologies Of Embodied Rituals And Connectivity To Place, Zoe Latham

School of Art, Design and Architecture Theses

This research argues for a re-conceptualisation and extension of place within architectural praxis that is reflective of broader discussions of meaning and environmental experience. This study examines the alignment between place and ritual theory as a way to better understand phenomenon that inform a greater connectivity between embodied and meaningful experiences with the environment. This will be explored through the act of fly fishing. Fly-fishing is relevant as the focus of the study owing in part to the author’s own experience as a fly angler. The relationship between the act of fly fishing, being part of nature and being in …

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Understanding Optimisation Processes With Biologically-Inspired Visualisations, Mathew Walter Jan 2023

Understanding Optimisation Processes With Biologically-Inspired Visualisations, Mathew Walter

School of Engineering, Computing and Mathematics Theses

Evolutionary algorithms (EAs) constitute a branch of artificial intelligence utilised to evolve solutions to solve optimisation problems abound in industry and research. EAs often generate many solutions and visualisation has been a primary strategy to display EA solutions, given that visualisation is a multi-domain well-evaluated medium to comprehend extensive data. The endeavour of visualising solutions is inherent with challenges resulting from high dimensional phenomenons and the large number of solutions to display. Recently, scholars have produced methods to mitigate some of these known issues when illustrating solutions. However, one key consideration is that displaying the final subset of solutions exclusively …

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Self-Managed Dietary Changes And Functional Gut Symptoms In Endometriosis: A Qualitative Interview Study, Komal Kumar, Nitish N. Narvekar, Kate Maslin Jan 2023

Self-Managed Dietary Changes And Functional Gut Symptoms In Endometriosis: A Qualitative Interview Study, Komal Kumar, Nitish N. Narvekar, Kate Maslin

School of Nursing and Midwifery

Objective Endometriosis is a chronic gynaecological condition, often causing gastrointestinal symptoms and misdiagnosed as irritable bowel syndrome (IBS). Endometriosis guidelines do not formally endorse dietary changes and little is known about how they are self-managed. The objective of this study is to understand nutritional practices and management of gut symptoms in people with endometriosis. Study design Participants were recruited as part of a larger survey study via endometriosis support groups on social media. Eligibility criteria were: a self-reported physician-led diagnosis of endometriosis, over 18 years old and residing in the United Kingdom (UK). Semi-structured interviews were undertaken virtually via Zoom …

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Impacts Of Polyethylene Microplastics On The Microalga, Spirulina (Arthrospira Platensis), Sajjad Abbasi, Sahar Amiranipour, Javad Karimi, Sasan Mohsenzadeh, Andrew Turner Jan 2023

Impacts Of Polyethylene Microplastics On The Microalga, Spirulina (Arthrospira Platensis), Sajjad Abbasi, Sahar Amiranipour, Javad Karimi, Sasan Mohsenzadeh, Andrew Turner

School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences

Microalgae play a critical role in the food web and biogeochemical cycling and produce compounds that are commercially exploited. However, their reactions and responses to microplastic contamination are not well understood. In this study, the widely distributed and commercially important cyanobacterium, Spirulina (Arthrospira platensis), was exposed to different concentrations (1–100 mg L−1) of low-density polyethylene microplastics (<5 μm) over a 20-d period. Various end-points were combined with different microscopic techniques in order to examine physiological and biochemical effects and interactions between the plastic and microalga. Growth rate and photosynthetic activity decreased with increasing microplastic concentration, and a maximum inhibition ratio of about 9% was calculated from optical density measurements. Plastic concentrations above 10 mg L−1 resulted in oxidative stress and the intracellular production of proline. Fragmentation and swelling of trichomes and attachment of microplastics was observed in the exposures, and microplastics appeared to adhere or aggregate around fragmented or fragmenting regions. The latter effect may indicate trichome weakening by microplastics or their concentration around cytosolic debris; nevertheless, it provides a potential mechanism for internalisation of small particles. Although unrealistically high concentrations of well-defined microplastics have been employed, relatively small disruptions at the population level incurred by lower concentrations could have more serious implications for ecosystem services and functioning.

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Physical And Biogeochemical Controls On Seasonal Iron, Manganese, And Cobalt Distributions In Northeast Atlantic Shelf Seas, Xue Gang Chen, Dagmara Rusiecka, Martha Gledhill, Angela Milne, Amber L. Annett, Aaron Joseph Beck, Antony J. Birchill, Maeve C. Lohan, Simon Ussher, Eric P. Achterberg Jan 2023

Physical And Biogeochemical Controls On Seasonal Iron, Manganese, And Cobalt Distributions In Northeast Atlantic Shelf Seas, Xue Gang Chen, Dagmara Rusiecka, Martha Gledhill, Angela Milne, Amber L. Annett, Aaron Joseph Beck, Antony J. Birchill, Maeve C. Lohan, Simon Ussher, Eric P. Achterberg

School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences

No abstract provided.

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Global Variability And Controls On The Accumulation Of Fallout Radionuclides In Cryoconite, Caroline C. Clason, Giovanni Baccolo, Edyta Łokas, Philip N. Owens, Przemyslaw Wachniew, Geoff E. Millward, Alex Taylor, Will H. Blake, Dylan B. Beard, Ewa Poniecka, Nick Selmes, Elizabeth A. Bagshaw, Joseph Cook, Ralph Fyfe, Melanie Hay, Deborah Land, Nozomu Takeuchi, Massimiliano Nastasi, Monica Sisti, Francesca Pittino, Andrea Franzetti, Roberto Ambrosini, Mauro B Di Jan 2023

Global Variability And Controls On The Accumulation Of Fallout Radionuclides In Cryoconite, Caroline C. Clason, Giovanni Baccolo, Edyta Łokas, Philip N. Owens, Przemyslaw Wachniew, Geoff E. Millward, Alex Taylor, Will H. Blake, Dylan B. Beard, Ewa Poniecka, Nick Selmes, Elizabeth A. Bagshaw, Joseph Cook, Ralph Fyfe, Melanie Hay, Deborah Land, Nozomu Takeuchi, Massimiliano Nastasi, Monica Sisti, Francesca Pittino, Andrea Franzetti, Roberto Ambrosini, Mauro B Di

School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences

The accumulation of fallout radionuclides (FRNs) from nuclear weapons testing and nuclear accidents has been evaluated for over half a century in natural environments; however, until recently their distribution and abundance within glaciers have been poorly understood. Following a series of individual studies of FRNs, specifically 137Cs, 241Am and 210Pb, deposited on the surface of glaciers, we now understand that cryoconite, a material commonly found in the supraglacial environment, is a highly efficient accumulator of FRNs, both artificial and natural. However, the variability of FRN activity concentrations in cryoconite across the global cryosphere has never been assessed. This study thus …

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Accumulation Of Polystyrene Nanoplastics And Triclosan By A Model Tooth-Carp Fish, Aphaniops Hormuzensis (Teleostei: Aphaniidae), Maryam Saemi-Komsari, Reza Pashaei, Sajjad Abbasi, Hamid Reza Esmaeili, Reda Dzingelevičienė, Hadavand B Shirkavand, Kalako M Pasalari, Malgorzata Szultka-Mlynska, Renata Gadzała-Kopciuch, Boguslaw Buszewski, Andrew Turner Jan 2023

Accumulation Of Polystyrene Nanoplastics And Triclosan By A Model Tooth-Carp Fish, Aphaniops Hormuzensis (Teleostei: Aphaniidae), Maryam Saemi-Komsari, Reza Pashaei, Sajjad Abbasi, Hamid Reza Esmaeili, Reda Dzingelevičienė, Hadavand B Shirkavand, Kalako M Pasalari, Malgorzata Szultka-Mlynska, Renata Gadzała-Kopciuch, Boguslaw Buszewski, Andrew Turner

School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences

The presence and effects of nanoplastics (NPs; <1 μm) in the aquatic environment are a growing concern. In this study, a model tooth-carp fish, Aphaniops hormuzensis, has been exposed to different concentrations of fluorescent polystyrene nanoplastics (PS-NP) in its diet (up to 5 mg kg−1) over periods of 28 d and the particle accumulation in different tissues determined. Accumulation was observed in both digestive and non-digestive organs, with concentrations greater in the gut, liver and gill (up to 400 μg kg−1 dw) than in the skin and muscle (<180 μg kg−1 dw), but no dependency on exposure time or dose was evident. The presence of the organic contaminant, triclosan (TCS), in the diet and at concentrations up to 0.5 μg kg−1 did not affect PS-NP uptake by A. hormuzensis, while TCS accumulation in the whole body increased with time (up to 10 μg kg−1) and, likewise, appeared to be unaffected by the presence of PS-NPs. These observations suggest that the two contaminants do not interact with each other or that any interactions have no impact on accumulation. The results of this study add to the growing body of evidence that NPs can be translocated by aquatic organisms after ingestion, and reveal that, for the species and conditions employed, nanoplastics are accumulated more readily than a widely used organic chemical.

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Assessing The Effects Of Single And Binary Exposures Of Copper And Lead On Mytilus Galloprovincialis: Physiological And Genotoxic Approaches, Charlotte Crowther, Andrew Turner, Michael N. Moore, Awadhesh N. Jha Jan 2023

Assessing The Effects Of Single And Binary Exposures Of Copper And Lead On Mytilus Galloprovincialis: Physiological And Genotoxic Approaches, Charlotte Crowther, Andrew Turner, Michael N. Moore, Awadhesh N. Jha

School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences

It is becoming increasingly recognised that contaminants are not isolated in their threats to the aquatic environment, with recent shifts towards studying the effects of chemical mixtures. In this study, adult marine mussels (Mytilus galloprovincialis) were exposed to two aqueous concentrations of the essential trace metal, Cu (5 and 32 μg L−1), and the non-essential metal, Pb (5 and 25 μg L−1), both individually and in binary mixtures. After a 14-day exposure, metal accumulation was determined in the digestive gland, gill and mantle tissues by inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry following acid digestion, and a number of biochemical, neurotoxic and physiological …

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Nutritional Practices And Dietetic Provision In The Endometriosis Population, With A Focus On Functional Gut Symptoms, Komal Deepak Kumar, Bridie Appleby-Gunnill, Kate Maslin Jan 2023

Nutritional Practices And Dietetic Provision In The Endometriosis Population, With A Focus On Functional Gut Symptoms, Komal Deepak Kumar, Bridie Appleby-Gunnill, Kate Maslin

School of Nursing and Midwifery

Background: Endometriosis is a common condition causing chronic pain, fatigue and gut symptoms. Research suggests that dietary changes may improve symptoms; however, evidence is lacking. The present study aimed to investigate the nutritional practices and needs of individuals with endometriosis (IWE) and the management of endometriosis by dietitians in the UK, focusing on gut symptoms. Methods: Two online questionnaires were distributed via social media: a survey of dietitians working with IWE and functional gut symptoms and a survey of IWE. Results: All respondents to the dietitian survey (n = 21) used the low fermentable oligosaccharides disaccharides monosaccharides and polyols (FODMAP) …

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Spatial And Seasonal Variations In Dissolved Methane Across A Large Lake, Mike Peacock, Scott J. Davidson, Dolly N. Kothawala, Joel Segersten, Martyn N. Futter Jan 2023

Spatial And Seasonal Variations In Dissolved Methane Across A Large Lake, Mike Peacock, Scott J. Davidson, Dolly N. Kothawala, Joel Segersten, Martyn N. Futter

School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences

Lakes process large volumes of organic carbon (OC), are important sources of methane (CH4), and contribute to climatic warming. However, there is a lack of data from large lakes >500 km2, which creates uncertainty in global budgets. In this data article, we present dissolved CH4, OC bioreactivity measurements, water chemistry, and algal biovolumes at 11 stations across Lake Mälaren, the third largest (1,074 km2) Swedish lake. Total phosphorus concentrations show that during the study period the lake was classed as mesotrophic/eutrophic. Overall mean CH4 concentration from all stations, sampled five times to cover seasonal variation, was 2.51 μg l−1 (0.98–5.39 …

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An Evidence Base Of Ecosystems Services Provided By Diadromous Fish In The European Atlantic Area, Matthew Ashley, Arantza Murillas, Angela Muench, Cristina Marta-Pedroso, Lynda Rodwell, Sian Rees, Emma Rendle, Tea Bašić, Gordon H. Copp, Estibaliz Díaz, David J. Nachón, Patrick Lambert, Geraldine Lassalle Jan 2023

An Evidence Base Of Ecosystems Services Provided By Diadromous Fish In The European Atlantic Area, Matthew Ashley, Arantza Murillas, Angela Muench, Cristina Marta-Pedroso, Lynda Rodwell, Sian Rees, Emma Rendle, Tea Bašić, Gordon H. Copp, Estibaliz Díaz, David J. Nachón, Patrick Lambert, Geraldine Lassalle

School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences

Historical and existing environmental and human induced pressures have negatively impacted diadromous species, as well as benefits to humans, derived from the ecosystem services these species contribute to. As species move across national boundaries, successful management is rendered a complex process. Future climate change scenarios are likely to change species distributions, further impacting management and the benefits available to people across each species range. To provide an evidence base on the contribution of eleven diadromous fish populations to ecosystem services, and so gains and losses of ecosystem service benefits in the European Atlantic Area, we completed an evidence review of …

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Sea-Ice Decline Could Keep Zooplankton Deeper For Longer, Hauke Flores, Gaëlle Veyssière, Giulia Castellani, Jeremy Wilkinson, Mario Hoppmann, Michael Karcher, Lovro Valcic, Astrid Cornils, Maxime Geoffroy, Marcel Nicolaus, Barbara Niehoff, Pierre Priou, Katrin Schmidt, Julienne Stroeve Jan 2023

Sea-Ice Decline Could Keep Zooplankton Deeper For Longer, Hauke Flores, Gaëlle Veyssière, Giulia Castellani, Jeremy Wilkinson, Mario Hoppmann, Michael Karcher, Lovro Valcic, Astrid Cornils, Maxime Geoffroy, Marcel Nicolaus, Barbara Niehoff, Pierre Priou, Katrin Schmidt, Julienne Stroeve

School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences

AbstractAs Arctic sea ice deteriorates, more light enters the ocean, causing largely unknown effects on the ecosystem. Using an autonomous biophysical observatory, we recorded zooplankton vertical distribution under Arctic sea ice from dusk to dawn of the polar night. Here we show that zooplankton ascend into the under-ice habitat during autumn twilight, following an isolume of 2.4 × 10−4 W m−2. We applied this trigger isolume to CMIP6 model outputs accounting for incoming radiation after sunset and before sunrise of the polar night. The models project that, in about three decades, the total time spent by zooplankton in the under-ice …

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Isotopic Signatures Of Plutonium In The Global Cryosphere, Edyta Łokas, Giovanni Baccolo, Caroline Clason, Przemysław Wachniew, Nozomu Takeuchi, Krzysztof Zawierucha, Dylan Beard, Roberto Ambrosini, Francesca Pittino, Andrea Franzetti, Philip Owens, Anna Cwanek, Katarzyna Koltonik Jan 2023

Isotopic Signatures Of Plutonium In The Global Cryosphere, Edyta Łokas, Giovanni Baccolo, Caroline Clason, Przemysław Wachniew, Nozomu Takeuchi, Krzysztof Zawierucha, Dylan Beard, Roberto Ambrosini, Francesca Pittino, Andrea Franzetti, Philip Owens, Anna Cwanek, Katarzyna Koltonik

School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences

No abstract provided.

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Development Of Two Disease Specific Scales To Assess The Impact Of Severe Asthma On Patients' Lives, Joseph Lanario Jan 2023

Development Of Two Disease Specific Scales To Assess The Impact Of Severe Asthma On Patients' Lives, Joseph Lanario

School of Psychology Theses

Joseph W Lanario Title: Development of two disease specific scales to assess the impact of severe asthma on patients’ lives Asthma is a disease of the airways, characterised by airway obstruction, inflammation, and hyper-responsiveness resulting in symptoms of breathlessness, wheeze, shortness of breath and chest tightness. Severe asthma is distinct from mild/moderate asthma in terms of symptom severity, frequency of exacerbations, medication side effects and disruption to life. The increasing availability of biologic treatments have revolutionised the treatment of severe asthma. Randomised Controlled Trials (RCTs) provide evidence of their efficacy at improving objective outcomes, e.g., lung function. However, scores of …

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Can Coral Reef Restoration Programmes Facilitate Changes In Environmental Attitudes? A Case Study On A Rural Fisher Community In North Bali, Indonesia, Zach Boakes, Luh Putu Mahyuni, Alice E. Hall, Marin Cvitanovic, Richard Stafford Jan 2023

Can Coral Reef Restoration Programmes Facilitate Changes In Environmental Attitudes? A Case Study On A Rural Fisher Community In North Bali, Indonesia, Zach Boakes, Luh Putu Mahyuni, Alice E. Hall, Marin Cvitanovic, Richard Stafford

School of Biological and Marine Sciences

There is currently limited research assessing the ecological potential of coral restoration programmes of habitat enhancement and restoration of benthic and mobile populations for influencing the attitudes (and subsequent behaviours) of the communities where they are based. Our qualitative study investigated the impact of a coral reef restoration programmes on local environmental attitudes in a rural fishing community in north Bali, Indonesia. We conducted semi-structured interviews with individuals and multi-stakeholder focus groups (n = 31) in Tianyar Village, where the NGO ‘North Bali Reef Conservation’ (‘Yowana Bhakti Segara’) was based. Our results highlight several factors that influenced environmental behaviours, including …

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A Mixed Methods Study Investigating Sources Of Fertility And Reproductive Health Information In The Uk, B. Grace, J. Shawe, J. Stephenson Jan 2023

A Mixed Methods Study Investigating Sources Of Fertility And Reproductive Health Information In The Uk, B. Grace, J. Shawe, J. Stephenson

School of Nursing and Midwifery

No abstract provided.

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Parental Effects Of Social Density On Mating Behaviour, Reproductive Success, And Longevity, Shaun Rowlands Jan 2023

Parental Effects Of Social Density On Mating Behaviour, Reproductive Success, And Longevity, Shaun Rowlands

School of Biological and Marine Sciences Theses

Organisms can adapt to changing environments, changing their investment strategies to increase their lifetime reproductive success. Contemporary evolutionary theory would suggest that organisms have evolved mechanisms which allow them to assess competition and acquire phenotypic responses that accurately responds to the environment, allowing for rapid changes in response to the social context. Selection would favour organisms which can make nongenetic parental effects, with parents evolving an ability pass on plasticity responses that optimize offspring fitness related traits to suit ecological challenges. In this thesis , I investigate how the social density affects the mating behaviour and offspring production of the …

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