Open Access. Powered by Scholars. Published by Universities.®
- Discipline
-
- Medicine and Health Sciences (28)
- Physical Sciences and Mathematics (28)
- Engineering (26)
- Psychiatry and Psychology (24)
- Life Sciences (18)
-
- Marine Biology (11)
- Biology (6)
- Business (4)
- Tourism and Travel (4)
- Education (3)
- Social and Behavioral Sciences (2)
- Aerospace Engineering (1)
- Anthropology (1)
- Art and Design (1)
- Arts and Humanities (1)
- Chemistry (1)
- Cognitive Science (1)
- Dance (1)
- Disability and Equity in Education (1)
- East Asian Languages and Societies (1)
- Educational Methods (1)
- Educational Psychology (1)
- Educational Sociology (1)
- English Language and Literature (1)
- Environmental Sciences (1)
- Film and Media Studies (1)
- Gender Equity in Education (1)
- Gender and Sexuality (1)
- Interdisciplinary Arts and Media (1)
- Japanese Studies (1)
- Keyword
-
- Humans (142)
- Animals (92)
- Female (59)
- Climate change (58)
- Male (58)
-
- Biodiversity (50)
- Adult (35)
- Aquaculture (35)
- Conservation (34)
- Ecology (32)
- Middle Aged (31)
- Ecosystem (29)
- Microplastics (24)
- Fish (23)
- Marine (23)
- Models (22)
- Aged (20)
- Behaviour (20)
- Meningioma (20)
- Ocean acidification (20)
- Young Adult (20)
- Microplastic (19)
- Biogeography (18)
- Climate Change (18)
- Education (18)
- Sustainability (18)
- Ecosystem services (17)
- Environment (17)
- Fisheries (17)
- Hypoxia (17)
- Publication Year
- Publication
-
- School of Biological and Marine Sciences (2061)
- School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences (631)
- Peninsula Medical School (535)
- School of Biological and Marine Sciences Theses (432)
- School of Engineering, Computing and Mathematics (388)
-
- School of Psychology (343)
- School of Biomedical Sciences (341)
- The Plymouth Student Scientist (281)
- School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences Theses (215)
- Other Faculty of Science and Engineering Theses (201)
- School of Health Professions (158)
- School of Art, Design and Architecture (144)
- School of Engineering, Computing and Mathematics Theses (115)
- School of Nursing and Midwifery (110)
- Peninsula Dental School (106)
- Other Faculty of Health Theses (93)
- Other Faculty of Arts, Humanities and Business Theses (92)
- School of Law, Humanities and Social Sciences (62)
- School of Psychology Theses (52)
- More Faculty of Science and Engineering Research (45)
- Plymouth Business School (42)
- More Faculty of Health Research (38)
- Peninsula Medical School Theses (35)
- School of Art, Design and Architecture Theses (35)
- School of Law, Humanities and Social Sciences Theses (34)
- Plymouth Institute of Education (26)
- Faculty of Science and Engineering Datasets (22)
- Plymouth Business School Theses (21)
- School of Biomedical Sciences Theses (19)
- The Plymouth Law and Criminal Justice Review (19)
- Publication Type
- File Type
Articles 1411 - 1440 of 6794
Full-Text Articles in Entire DC Network
Ecological And Oceanographic Interactions Of An Offshore Longline Mussel Farm, Llucia Mascorda-Cabre
Ecological And Oceanographic Interactions Of An Offshore Longline Mussel Farm, Llucia Mascorda-Cabre
School of Biological and Marine Sciences Theses
A growing human population coupled with the need to protect marine ecosystems, requires sources of sustainable protein. Finfish aquaculture can produce a wide range of environmental impacts while shellfish aquaculture reports fewer negative effects, being classed a sustainable protein source. Mussels are ecosystem engineers and farms can mitigate the consequences of eutrophication while providing ecosystem services. The development of mussel farming has been limited by competition for coastal space, intensification of the industry causing environmental impacts due to bioaccumulation around farms, negative public perception and lack of research. Offshore aquaculture has the potential to overcome such issues but knowledge on …
A Designed Two-Body Hinged Raft Wave Energy Converter: From Experimental Study To Annual Power Prediction For The Emec Site Using Wec-Sim, Siya Jin, Daming Wang, Martyn Hann, Keri Collins, Daniel Conley, Deborah Greaves
A Designed Two-Body Hinged Raft Wave Energy Converter: From Experimental Study To Annual Power Prediction For The Emec Site Using Wec-Sim, Siya Jin, Daming Wang, Martyn Hann, Keri Collins, Daniel Conley, Deborah Greaves
School of Engineering, Computing and Mathematics
The present study aims at providing more data and insights for the hinged type WEC, especially focusing on the two-body hinged raft WECs. Two WECs are considered: a well-studied generic hinged raft WEC (G-HRWEC) and a 1:25 scale designed hinged raft WEC (D-HRWEC). The open-source tool WEC-Sim is employed in numerical studies. Referring to the published numerical data for G-HRWEC, corrections are proposed to the WEC-Sim model which are shown to realise the ability of WEC-Sim to model the two-body hinged WEC. For the 1:25 scale D-HRWEC, the physical results show that the relative hinge motion between the rafts is …
The Current State Of South-West Rural Representation In Contemporary Theatre., Ryan Wilce
The Current State Of South-West Rural Representation In Contemporary Theatre., Ryan Wilce
School of Law, Humanities and Social Sciences Theses
The following thesis will present the current state of South-West rural representation in contemporary theatre and explore who has the right to tell rural communities stories. Using rural proofing as a base framework will present a new framework for theatre makers to inform and influence their creative representations of South-West rural life. To understand the current state of representation and create the framework to improve this, I will be using formalist, actantial and script analysis of select plays, practitioners and theatre companies representing rural life in their work. Equally, my work as a theatre maker will be analysed as I …
Economic Trade-Offs In Marine Resource Use Between Offshore Wind Farms And Fisheries In Scottish Waters, Yang Qu, J. Kim Swales, Tara Hooper, Melanie C. Austen, Xinhao Wang, Eleni Papathanasopoulou, Junling Huang, Xiaoyu Yan
Economic Trade-Offs In Marine Resource Use Between Offshore Wind Farms And Fisheries In Scottish Waters, Yang Qu, J. Kim Swales, Tara Hooper, Melanie C. Austen, Xinhao Wang, Eleni Papathanasopoulou, Junling Huang, Xiaoyu Yan
School of Biological and Marine Sciences
The rapid expansion of offshore wind farms (OWFs) has prompted growing concerns about the extent to which competition over the marine resource causes trade-offs within the energy-food nexus. Reflecting this concern, the paper develops a novel marine resource allocation module which augments a computable general equilibrium (CGE) model, calibrated on Scottish data. This allows simulations with varying degrees of differential productivity of the marine resource across alternative uses. Simulation results with the model show that increasing OWFs can impose substantial negative impacts on seafood supply. Extensive analysis is undertaken to test the sensitivity of the model results to changes in …
Bottle With A Message: The Role Of Story Writing As An Engagement Tool To Explore Children's Perceptions Of Marine Plastic Litter, Estelle Praet, Jostein Baeza-Álvarez, Veer D De, Geraldine Holtmann-Ahumada, Jen S. Jones, Sarah Langford, Jessica Michel Dearte, John Schofield, Martin Thiel, Kayleigh J. Wyles
Bottle With A Message: The Role Of Story Writing As An Engagement Tool To Explore Children's Perceptions Of Marine Plastic Litter, Estelle Praet, Jostein Baeza-Álvarez, Veer D De, Geraldine Holtmann-Ahumada, Jen S. Jones, Sarah Langford, Jessica Michel Dearte, John Schofield, Martin Thiel, Kayleigh J. Wyles
School of Psychology
As human behaviors play a crucial role in addressing the global threat of plastic pollution, it is vital to understand perceptions about marine plastic litter (MPL) and to develop interventions encouraging pro-environmental behaviors (PEBs). This study evaluates story writing as a window to explore perceptions and as an engagement activity to boost PEBs. During the COVID-19 lockdowns, schoolchildren from the East Pacific coast participated in this activity, each creating a story and answering a pre-post survey. Qualitative and quantitative analysis of 81 stories and 79 surveys show awareness of sources and impacts. Participants identified land and local pollution as significant …
Who Are The Marine Fungi?, Michael Cunliffe
Who Are The Marine Fungi?, Michael Cunliffe
School of Biological and Marine Sciences
Fungi are widespread throughout marine habitats. Most marine fungi are microscopic, either microfungi, yeasts, or swimming zoospore-producing groups such as the Chytridiomycota (‘the chytrids’). The macroscopic exceptions are the marine lichens along coastlines. Marine mushrooms are yet to be discovered. The functional roles of marine fungi include parasites (e.g., infecting phytoplankton; Hassett & Gradinger, 2016), saprotrophs recycling organic matter (e.g., degrading phytoplanktonproduced polysaccharides; Cunliffe et al., 2017) and in symbiosis with other marine life (e.g., seaweeds; Bonthond et al., 2022). Here, I briefly summarize my perspective of marine fungi with an emphasis on identity. Looking into the crystal ball, I …
Organisms In A Changing World, Melody S. Clark, Ariel Shabtay, Elizabeth R. Waters, Manuela Truebano
Organisms In A Changing World, Melody S. Clark, Ariel Shabtay, Elizabeth R. Waters, Manuela Truebano
School of Biological and Marine Sciences
Since its foundation in 1999 by Lawrence Hightower, the Cell Stress Society International (CSSI) has actively promoted international collaboration in the field of stress research. Over the years, the Society has gone from strength to strength, with one of its main, and highly, visible outputs being the journal ‘Cell Stress & Chaperones’. Although initially, the full title of the journal was ‘Cell Stress & Chaperones: An Integrative Journal of Stress Biology and Medicine’ with an emphasis on the medical feld, original scientifc articles were always welcomed from a wide range of organisms and diferent aspects of stress molecular biology. However, …
Recommendations From Diabetes Uk's 2022 Diabetes And Physical Activity Workshop, Anna Morris, Chris Bright, Matthew Cocks, Neil Gibson, Louise Goff, Colin Greaves, Simon Griffin, Ben Jane, Florence Kinnafick, Paul Robb, Michelle Roberts, David Salman, John Saxton, Adrian Taylor, Daniel West, Thomas Yates, Rob C. Andrews, Jason M.R. Gill
Recommendations From Diabetes Uk's 2022 Diabetes And Physical Activity Workshop, Anna Morris, Chris Bright, Matthew Cocks, Neil Gibson, Louise Goff, Colin Greaves, Simon Griffin, Ben Jane, Florence Kinnafick, Paul Robb, Michelle Roberts, David Salman, John Saxton, Adrian Taylor, Daniel West, Thomas Yates, Rob C. Andrews, Jason M.R. Gill
Peninsula Medical School
Abstract Aims To describe the process and outputs of a workshop convened to identify key priorities for future research in the area of diabetes and physical activity and provide recommendations to researchers and research funders on how best to address them. Methods A 1‐day research workshop was conducted, bringing together researchers, people living with diabetes, healthcare professionals, and members of staff from Diabetes UK to identify and prioritise recommendations for future research into physical activity and diabetes. Results Workshop attendees prioritised four key themes for further research: (i) better understanding of the physiology of exercise in all groups of people: …
Remediation Technique For Cadmium Contaminated Groundwater: A Systematic Review, Nadia M.T. Jebril, R. Boden, C. Braungardt
Remediation Technique For Cadmium Contaminated Groundwater: A Systematic Review, Nadia M.T. Jebril, R. Boden, C. Braungardt
School of Biological and Marine Sciences
Heavy metal pollution in soil has seriously affected the living environment of human beings Among all heavy metal pollution, cadmium (Cd) is one of the most difficult to migrate pollutants in soil. Therefore, this systematic review includes the remediation techniques of Cd-contaminated groundwater that using. Different remediation techniques, including pump and treat, permeable reactive barrier, adsorption, biosorption, electrochemical, precipitation, ion exchange and bioremediation are reviewed. The advantages and disadvantages of some remediation technologies for cadmium from groundwater are outlined in order to assist the selection of a suitable technology for a groundwater remediation project. Bioremediation is a common remediation strategy …
Effect Of Kelp Gull Harassment On Southern Right Whale Calf Survival: A Long-Term Capture–Recapture Analysis, Macarena Agrelo, Carina F. Marón, Fábio G. Daura-Jorge, Victoria J. Rowntree, Mariano Sironi, Philip S. Hammond, Simon N. Ingram, Florencia O. Vilches, Jon Seger, Paulo C. Simões-Lopes
Effect Of Kelp Gull Harassment On Southern Right Whale Calf Survival: A Long-Term Capture–Recapture Analysis, Macarena Agrelo, Carina F. Marón, Fábio G. Daura-Jorge, Victoria J. Rowntree, Mariano Sironi, Philip S. Hammond, Simon N. Ingram, Florencia O. Vilches, Jon Seger, Paulo C. Simões-Lopes
School of Biological and Marine Sciences
Kelp gulls (Larus dominicanus) commonly feed on the skin and blubber of surfacing southern right whales (SRW, Eubalaena australis) in the near shore waters of Península Valdés (PV), Argentina. Mothers and especially calves respond to gull attacks by changing their swimming speeds, resting postures and overall behaviour. Gull-inflicted wounds per calf have increased markedly since the mid-1990s. Unusually high mortality of young calves occurred locally after 2003, and increasing evidence points to gull harassment as a factor contributing to the excess deaths. After leaving PV, calves undertake a long migration with their mothers to summer feeding areas; their health during …
Artificial Light At Night (Alan) Disrupts Behavioural Patterns Of Reef Corals, M. L. Mardones, J. Lambert, J. Wiedenmann, T. W. Davies, O. Levy, C. D'Angelo
Artificial Light At Night (Alan) Disrupts Behavioural Patterns Of Reef Corals, M. L. Mardones, J. Lambert, J. Wiedenmann, T. W. Davies, O. Levy, C. D'Angelo
School of Biological and Marine Sciences
Increasing levels of Artificial Light At Night (ALAN) alter the natural diel cycles of organisms at global scale. ALAN constitutes a potential threat to the light-dependent functioning of symbiotic scleractinian corals, the habit-founders of warm, shallow water reefs. Here, we show that ALAN disrupts the natural diel tentacle expansion and contraction behaviour, a key mechanism for prey capture and nutrient acquisition in corals. We exposed four symbiotic scleractinian coral species to different ALAN treatments (0.4–2.5 μmol quanta m−2 s−1). Exposure to ALAN levels of 1.2 μmol quanta m−2 s−1 and above altered the normal tentacle expansion response in diurnal species …
Lichen Zonation On Uk Rocky Seashores: A Trait-Based Approach To Delineating Marine And Maritime Lichens, Beth Tindall-Jones, Michael Cunliffe, Nathan Chrismas
Lichen Zonation On Uk Rocky Seashores: A Trait-Based Approach To Delineating Marine And Maritime Lichens, Beth Tindall-Jones, Michael Cunliffe, Nathan Chrismas
School of Biological and Marine Sciences
No abstract provided.
The Socio-Economic Impact Of Marine Protected Areas In Jersey: A Fishers’ Perspective, Samantha R. Blampied, Emma V. Sheehan, Martin J. Attrill, Francis C.T. Binney, Sian E. Rees
The Socio-Economic Impact Of Marine Protected Areas In Jersey: A Fishers’ Perspective, Samantha R. Blampied, Emma V. Sheehan, Martin J. Attrill, Francis C.T. Binney, Sian E. Rees
School of Biological and Marine Sciences
No abstract provided.
Detecting Sediment Recovery Below An Offshore Longline Mussel Farm: A Macrobenthic Biological Trait Analysis (Bta), Llucia Mascorda-Cabre, Phil Hosegood, Martin J. Attrill, Danielle Bridger, Emma V. Sheehan
Detecting Sediment Recovery Below An Offshore Longline Mussel Farm: A Macrobenthic Biological Trait Analysis (Bta), Llucia Mascorda-Cabre, Phil Hosegood, Martin J. Attrill, Danielle Bridger, Emma V. Sheehan
School of Biological and Marine Sciences
Expansion of bivalve aquaculture offshore reports lower environmental impacts compared to inshore farms. Taking a Before-After Control-Impact approach, this study presents the first functional diversity analysis and long-term Biological Trait Analysis (BTA) of infauna functional traits following the development of the United Kingdom's first large-scale, offshore longline mussel farm. Located in an area historically impacted by mobile fishing gear, farm sites had the greatest number of taxa and abundance compared to control sites. Functional diversity varied significantly across treatments (farm, near control, far control); while Functional Diversity, Richness, Divergence and Dispersion increased over time within the farm, Functional Evenness and …
Broad-Scale Benthic Habitat Classification Of The South Atlantic, Kirsty A. Mcquaid, Amelia E.H. Bridges, Kerry L. Howell, Tiago B.R. Gandra, Vitor De Souza, Jock C. Currie, Oliver T. Hogg, Tabitha R.R. Pearman, James B. Bell, Lara J. Atkinson, Diane Baum, Jarbas Bonetti, Alvar Carranza, Omar Defeo, Thomas Furey, Maria A. Gasalla, Neil Golding, Shannon L. Hampton, Sebastián Horta, Daniel O.B. Jones, Amanda T. Lombard, Eleonora Manca, Yamandú Marin, Stephanie Martin, Pål Mortensen, Cecilia Passadore, Nils Piechaud, Kerry J. Sink, Andrew Yool
Broad-Scale Benthic Habitat Classification Of The South Atlantic, Kirsty A. Mcquaid, Amelia E.H. Bridges, Kerry L. Howell, Tiago B.R. Gandra, Vitor De Souza, Jock C. Currie, Oliver T. Hogg, Tabitha R.R. Pearman, James B. Bell, Lara J. Atkinson, Diane Baum, Jarbas Bonetti, Alvar Carranza, Omar Defeo, Thomas Furey, Maria A. Gasalla, Neil Golding, Shannon L. Hampton, Sebastián Horta, Daniel O.B. Jones, Amanda T. Lombard, Eleonora Manca, Yamandú Marin, Stephanie Martin, Pål Mortensen, Cecilia Passadore, Nils Piechaud, Kerry J. Sink, Andrew Yool
School of Biological and Marine Sciences
Marine Spatial Planning (MSP) has become a priority for many states wanting to develop national blue economy plans and meet international obligations in response to the increasing cumulative impacts of human activities and climate change. In areas beyond national jurisdiction (ABNJ), MSP is proposed as part of a package of solutions for multi-sectoral management at the ocean basin scale. To facilitate planning, maps showing the spatial distribution of marine biological diversity are required. In areas lacking data, like the South Atlantic, environmental proxies can be used to predict these distributions. We undertook broad-scale benthic habitat classification of the South Atlantic, …
Do You See What I See?: Testing Horses' Ability To Recognise Real-Life Objects From 2d Computer Projections, S Kappel, Marm De Oca, S Collins, K Herborn, M Mendl, C Fureix
Do You See What I See?: Testing Horses' Ability To Recognise Real-Life Objects From 2d Computer Projections, S Kappel, Marm De Oca, S Collins, K Herborn, M Mendl, C Fureix
School of Biological and Marine Sciences
No abstract provided.
Cognitive Rehabilitation And Aerobic Exercise For Cognitive Impairment In People With Progressive Multiple Sclerosis (Cogex): A Randomised, Blinded, Sham-Controlled Trial, Anthony Feinstein, Maria Pia Amato, Giampaolo Brichetto, Jeremy Chataway, Nancy D. Chiaravalloti, Gary Cutter, Ulrik Dalgas, John Deluca, Rachel Farrell, Peter Feys, Massimo Filippi, Jennifer Freeman, Matilde Inglese, Cecilia Meza, Robert W. Motl, Maria A. Rocca, Brian M. Sandroff, Amber Salter, Alex Pietrusz, Andrea Tacchino, A Smith, Anne Sophie Michelsen, Ashlie Kristin, Blake Bichler, Brendon Truax, Carmen Vizzino, Catherine Danielle Jones, Catherine Holme, C Smith, Charly Keytsman, Chiara Pollio, Chris Cole, Claudia Niccolai, Claudio Cordani, Eleonora Colombo, Elisa Pelosin, Ellen Vanzeir, Fedrica Vannetti, Filippo Gerli, Francesco Maranta, Gianna Riccitelli, Guido Pasquini, Holly Wilkinson, Irene Mosca, James Braisher, Jessica Baird, Jessica Podda, Jimmy Morecraft, Joke Lenaerts, Juliana Puopolo, K Algie, L Kenton, L Toll, Lt Madsen, L Knevels, L Lee, L Pedullà, M Cellerino, James Braisher, M-Lk Jørgensen, M Pardini, M Sibilia, M Nabarro, Md Diedmann, M Dibenedetto, M Curran, M Koch, M D'Hooge, N Moore, Nd Weerdt, P Preziosa, P Pajak, P Silic, Rb Walters, R Finegan, R Veldkamp, R Hernandez, R Donnee, S Casagrande, S Lancia, Sd Bella, S Vandecasteele, V Vandael
Cognitive Rehabilitation And Aerobic Exercise For Cognitive Impairment In People With Progressive Multiple Sclerosis (Cogex): A Randomised, Blinded, Sham-Controlled Trial, Anthony Feinstein, Maria Pia Amato, Giampaolo Brichetto, Jeremy Chataway, Nancy D. Chiaravalloti, Gary Cutter, Ulrik Dalgas, John Deluca, Rachel Farrell, Peter Feys, Massimo Filippi, Jennifer Freeman, Matilde Inglese, Cecilia Meza, Robert W. Motl, Maria A. Rocca, Brian M. Sandroff, Amber Salter, Alex Pietrusz, Andrea Tacchino, A Smith, Anne Sophie Michelsen, Ashlie Kristin, Blake Bichler, Brendon Truax, Carmen Vizzino, Catherine Danielle Jones, Catherine Holme, C Smith, Charly Keytsman, Chiara Pollio, Chris Cole, Claudia Niccolai, Claudio Cordani, Eleonora Colombo, Elisa Pelosin, Ellen Vanzeir, Fedrica Vannetti, Filippo Gerli, Francesco Maranta, Gianna Riccitelli, Guido Pasquini, Holly Wilkinson, Irene Mosca, James Braisher, Jessica Baird, Jessica Podda, Jimmy Morecraft, Joke Lenaerts, Juliana Puopolo, K Algie, L Kenton, L Toll, Lt Madsen, L Knevels, L Lee, L Pedullà, M Cellerino, James Braisher, M-Lk Jørgensen, M Pardini, M Sibilia, M Nabarro, Md Diedmann, M Dibenedetto, M Curran, M Koch, M D'Hooge, N Moore, Nd Weerdt, P Preziosa, P Pajak, P Silic, Rb Walters, R Finegan, R Veldkamp, R Hernandez, R Donnee, S Casagrande, S Lancia, Sd Bella, S Vandecasteele, V Vandael
School of Health Professions
Background Cognitive dysfunction in people with relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis can improve with cognitive rehabilitation or exercise. Similar effects have not been clearly shown in people with progressive multiple sclerosis. We aimed to investigate the individual and synergistic effects of cognitive rehabilitation and exercise in patients with progressive multiple sclerosis. Methods CogEx was a randomised, sham-controlled trial completed in 11 hospital clinics, universities, and rehabilitation centres in Belgium, Canada, Denmark, Italy, UK, and USA. Patients with progressive multiple sclerosis were eligible for inclusion if they were aged 25–65 years and had an Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS) score of less than …
Evidence-Based Teaching In Contact Lenses Education: Teaching And Learning Strategies, Fabrizio Zeri, Frank Eperjesi, Craig Woods, Stefan Bandlitz, Bhootra A Kumar, Mahesh R. Joshi, Manbir Nagra, Helmer Schweizer, Shehzad A. Naroo
Evidence-Based Teaching In Contact Lenses Education: Teaching And Learning Strategies, Fabrizio Zeri, Frank Eperjesi, Craig Woods, Stefan Bandlitz, Bhootra A Kumar, Mahesh R. Joshi, Manbir Nagra, Helmer Schweizer, Shehzad A. Naroo
School of Health Professions
Contact lens (CL) practice is an ever-changing field with clinical knowledge, techniques and equipment continuously evolving. These new developments are backed with clinical trials and research to ensure that practitioners feel confident that there is an evidence base to support these advances. Evidence-based practice is now a crucial part of CL practice, and its importance also filters down to CL education. For example, lectures are one of the most popular tools for an educator but, is standing at the front of a lecture theatre full of students a more effective way of teaching than providing the same material for students …
Genome-Wide Analysis Of Motor Progression In Parkinson Disease, Carrasco A Martínez, R Real, M Lawton, Reynolds R Hertfelder, M Tan, L Wu, N Williams, C Carroll, J-C Corvol, M Hu, D Grosset, J Hardy, M Ryten, Y Ben-Shlomo, M Shoai, Hr Morris
Genome-Wide Analysis Of Motor Progression In Parkinson Disease, Carrasco A Martínez, R Real, M Lawton, Reynolds R Hertfelder, M Tan, L Wu, N Williams, C Carroll, J-C Corvol, M Hu, D Grosset, J Hardy, M Ryten, Y Ben-Shlomo, M Shoai, Hr Morris
Peninsula Medical School
Background and Objectives The genetic basis of Parkinson disease (PD) motor progression is largely unknown. Previous studies of the genetics of PD progression have included small cohorts and shown a limited overlap with genetic PD risk factors from case-control studies. Here, we have studied genomic variation associated with PD motor severity and early-stage progression in large longitudinal cohorts to help to define the biology of PD progression and potential new drug targets. Methods We performed a GWAS meta-analysis of early PD motor severity and progression up to 3 years from study entry. We used linear mixed-effect models with additive effects, …
Assessing The Efficacy Of A Novel Galactooligosaccharide To Promote Fish Health And Robustness, Lucy May Sykes
Assessing The Efficacy Of A Novel Galactooligosaccharide To Promote Fish Health And Robustness, Lucy May Sykes
School of Biological and Marine Sciences Theses
Aquaculture has been steadily increasing global production; however, there remains a progressively greater demand for sustainable sources of protein, whilst the prevalence of disease represents a major constraint to industry growth. Feed additives are gaining traction as useful tools to help combat disease and promote health, and previous research has documented benefits to the mucosal surfaces and microbial communities within a range of teleost species. Three experimental in vivo feeding trials were undertaken using a range of in-depth analyses, such as growth performance, haematology, immunology, intestinal histology, intestinal gene expression and intestinal bacterial 16S rRNA sequence libraries. Studies were conducted …
The Role Of Circadian Entrainment In Rice Blast Disease, Ciaran Griffin
The Role Of Circadian Entrainment In Rice Blast Disease, Ciaran Griffin
School of Biological and Marine Sciences Theses
A circadian clock is present in some capacity in almost all forms of life, and is useful for a wide array of traits, but crucially allows organisms to predict future conditions and adapt their behaviour to synchronise with, and thrive under, their dynamic environment. Accordingly, plant environmental stress responses are gated in a circadian manner, including that for pathogenic defence and immunity. Comparatively less work has been carried out on the plant pathogens, but there are increasing reports of pathogens capable of rhythmically altering their behaviour and virulence-related traits. Magnaporthe oryzae, the fungal pathogen responsible for the destruction of enough …
Management Of Non-Indigenous Species In The Mediterranean Sea With An Emphasis On Lionfish (Pterois Miles), Periklis Kleitou
Management Of Non-Indigenous Species In The Mediterranean Sea With An Emphasis On Lionfish (Pterois Miles), Periklis Kleitou
School of Biological and Marine Sciences Theses
The 21st century faces a global challenge; understanding the ecosystem changes and regulating fish resources is essential to provide food for humankind and to preserve the oceans. Marine ecosystems are being increasingly altered because of global, regional, and anthropogenic stressors such as climate change, Non-Indigenous Species (NIS), pollution, fisheries, eutrophication, and habitat loss. In an era of escalating transformations of marine ecosystems, the Mediterranean Sea is recognized as a hotspot of global biotic and abiotic changes. In recent decades, human-mediated introductions of NIS have notably reshaped the marine ecological structures and processes of the region. The Suez Canal (constructed in …
Microplastic Ingestion In Invertebrates Within Rockpool Communities, Abigail Outred
Microplastic Ingestion In Invertebrates Within Rockpool Communities, Abigail Outred
School of Biological and Marine Sciences Theses
Microplastics (<5 mm) are abundant across the world in the marine environment and so it is vital that we gain further understanding of their fate and their possible impacts on marine life. Due to their size, microplastics can interact with small marine organisms which are part of the lower trophic levels and the main interaction with these plastics is ingestion. Chemical characteristics and changes to the plastic properties, due to, for example, adsorbed chemicals and colonisation of biofilms, may affect how readily plastics are ingested. Research into the interactions of a range of organisms with microplastics enables for a better understanding of how they could be taken in, impact the organism as well as predict potential trophic transfer. This in turn could aid in predicting bigger impacts in the marine environment and on humans themselves. Rockpools are a key environment and nursery for many important marine and intertidal species, particularly those that we rely on commercially, such as crab species. This study exposed three key rockpool species of three feeding types - Beadlet anemone (Actinia equina), common prawn (Palaemon serratus), Thick top shell (Phorcus lineatus) to nylon fibres within ex-situ mesocosms. These species represent three feeding types found in a rockpool community – Suspension feeding, Filter feeding of the whole water column and deposit feeding. The organisms were exposed to either biofouled or non-biofouled, blue, black, red, or white in colour and 0.5 mm or 2 mm microfibres for six hours. This was undertaken when individuals were individually housed as single species, as well as a mixed community with a representative of all three species. Once biofouling was complete, dissection to observe the digestive tract was undertaken and then an alkaline digest was completed to obtain evidence of retention other than in the digestive tract. Beadlet anemones ingested the most microfibres and thick top shell the least. This study shows that overall, biofouled fibres are significantly more likely to be ingested than 6 that of non-biofouled (H(1)= 16.780 , p<0.001). Some ingestion and interaction colour patterns were found – black in anemones and shrimp ((H(1)= 6.224 , p=0.013 and (H(1)= 6.008 , p=0.014) and black (H(1)= 12.270 , p=0.007) and white in shrimp (H(1)= 8.143 , p=0.043). This could possibly be to do with the dye chemicals on the plastics rather than visual cues. The 0.5mm fibres were ingested and retained more than 2mm (H(1)= 20.924 , p<0.001). Thick top shells were the only organism with a difference between housing with more microfibres ingested/retained when housed individually than when housed in a mixed community. This study provides further evidence of the potential ingestion and retention of microplastics in a rockpool setting and therefore highlights the potential impact on these organisms and predator species. This may likely cause negative impacts within that rockpool as well as present a route for microfibres to expose other intertidal organisms to microfibres, particularly as the three study organisms are prey animals to many other species.
Diversity, Duplication, And Genomic Organization Of Homeobox Genes In Lepidoptera, Peter O. Mulhair, Liam Crowley, Douglas H. Boyes, Amber Harper, Ot Lewis, Pwh Holland
Diversity, Duplication, And Genomic Organization Of Homeobox Genes In Lepidoptera, Peter O. Mulhair, Liam Crowley, Douglas H. Boyes, Amber Harper, Ot Lewis, Pwh Holland
More Faculty of Science and Engineering Research
Homeobox genes encode transcription factors with essential roles in patterning and cell fate in developing animal embryos. Many homeobox genes, including Hox and NK genes, are arranged in gene clusters, a feature likely related to transcriptional control. Sparse taxon sampling and fragmentary genome assemblies mean that little is known about the dynamics of homeobox gene evolution across Lepidoptera or about how changes in homeobox gene number and organization relate to diversity in this large order of insects. Here we analyze an extensive data set of high-quality genomes to characterize the number and organization of all homeobox genes in 123 species …
An Organotypic Oral Mucosal Infection Model To Study Host-Pathogen Interactions, Samantha J. Gould, Andrew D. Foey, Vehid M. Salih
An Organotypic Oral Mucosal Infection Model To Study Host-Pathogen Interactions, Samantha J. Gould, Andrew D. Foey, Vehid M. Salih
School of Biomedical Sciences
Early in vitro oral mucosal infection models (OMMs) failed to consider the suitability of the model environment to represent the host immune response. Denture stomatitis (DS) is mediated by Candida albicans, but the role of Staphylococcus aureus remains uncertain. A collagen hydrogel-based OMM containing HaCaT and HGF cell types was developed, characterised and employed to study of tissue invasion and pro-inflammatory cytokine production in response to pathogens. Models formed a robust epithelium. Despite their inflammatory baseline, 24-h infection with C. albicans, and/or S. aureus led to tissue invasion, and significantly upregulated IL-6 and IL-8 production by OMMs when compared to …
Status Of Pelagic Habitats Within The Eu-Marine Strategy Framework Directive: Proposals For Improving Consistency And Representativeness Of The Assessment, C Magliozzi, M Palma, J-N Druon, A Palialexis, Abigail Mcquatters-Gollop, V Ioanna, G-Q Rafael, G Elena, H Birgit, B Laura, Al Felipe
Status Of Pelagic Habitats Within The Eu-Marine Strategy Framework Directive: Proposals For Improving Consistency And Representativeness Of The Assessment, C Magliozzi, M Palma, J-N Druon, A Palialexis, Abigail Mcquatters-Gollop, V Ioanna, G-Q Rafael, G Elena, H Birgit, B Laura, Al Felipe
More Faculty of Science and Engineering Research
Anthropogenic activities have transformed the pelagic habitat in the last decades with profound implications for its essential functions. While the EU-Marine Strategy Framework Directive 2008/56/EC and the Commission Decision (EU) 2017/848 have set criteria and methodological standards for the assessment and determination of Good Environmental Status (GES) for pelagic habitats in EU waters, there is strong evidence that Member States have not yet harmonized the pelagic GES assessment across EU marine waters. Today, pelagic habitats are assessed by evaluating whether good status is achieved by each of the pelagic indicators, but this approach fails to observe the high variability of …
The Effects Of Husbandry On Reproductive Output And Behaviour In Captive Saddle-Billed Storks (Ephippiorhynchus Senegalensis), Arlin Douglas Slater
The Effects Of Husbandry On Reproductive Output And Behaviour In Captive Saddle-Billed Storks (Ephippiorhynchus Senegalensis), Arlin Douglas Slater
School of Biological and Marine Sciences Theses
Zoos are required to understand specific husbandry requirements of animals in captivity, and there have been significant developments in husbandry research for captive breeding programmes. However, there is no ‘one size fits all’ and in some species, complications have led to low success and failure in breeding. Saddle-billed stork are notoriously difficult to breed in captivity, with low productivity reported in AZA and EAZA populations. Reproductive output, breeding behaviour and interspecific behaviour were measured in saddle-billed storks within European and American zoological institutions using a questionnaire. The effects of birth origin, enclosure provision, nesting provision and wing condition on reproductive …
Nutrient Input In The Chagos Archipelago - The Controlling Mechanisms Of Chlorophyll-A Distribution, Harvey Cairns
Nutrient Input In The Chagos Archipelago - The Controlling Mechanisms Of Chlorophyll-A Distribution, Harvey Cairns
School of Biological and Marine Sciences Theses
Phytoplankton primary productivity is vital in supporting the marine trophic system, and an understanding of the nutrient sources facilitating this is critical for informing conservation management. Using a combination of in situ and remotely sensed data, we assess the contributions of different nutrient sources and corresponding productivity in a tropical island ecosystem free from anthropogenic nutrient pollution at varying temporal scales. Beyond the near-shore, annual mean normalised fluorescence line height (nFLH, a proxy for chlorophyll-a concentration) was 27% higher in shallow water (approx. 20m) than deep water (>5000m), demonstrating a chlorophyll-a enhancement in shallow waters. Linear regression revealed a …
The Macroinvertebrate Fauna Of Augmented River Gravels: Community Composition And Function, Benjamin James Green
The Macroinvertebrate Fauna Of Augmented River Gravels: Community Composition And Function, Benjamin James Green
School of Biological and Marine Sciences Theses
Restoration of riverine ecosystems is a key aspect of river management, driven by concerns over water sustainability and declining biodiversity caused by anthropogenic and environmental perturbations. Anthropogenic perturbations include agricultural sedimentation and nutrient input, deforestation, and river regulation including damming, which disturbs longitudinal, lateral and vertical connectivity. Restoring perturbed riverine systems is costly, and many such restorations are ineffective, with restored systems continuing to degrade. Gravel augmentation, the adding of in-stream gravels, focusses mainly on improving habitat for salmonids, and is one method frequently used to mitigate the impacts of damming. The impact of these augmentations on riverine macroinvertebrates and …
Air Quality And Mental Health: Evidence, Challenges And Future Directions, Kamaldeep Bhui, Joanne B. Newbury, Rachel M. Latham, Marcella Ucci, Zaheer A. Nasir, Briony Turner, Catherine O'Leary, Helen L. Fisher, Emma Marczylo, Philippa Douglas, Stephen Stansfeld, Simon K. Jackson, Sean Tyrrel, Andrey Rzhetsky, Rob Kinnersley, Prashant Kumar, Caroline Duchaine, Frederic Coulon
Air Quality And Mental Health: Evidence, Challenges And Future Directions, Kamaldeep Bhui, Joanne B. Newbury, Rachel M. Latham, Marcella Ucci, Zaheer A. Nasir, Briony Turner, Catherine O'Leary, Helen L. Fisher, Emma Marczylo, Philippa Douglas, Stephen Stansfeld, Simon K. Jackson, Sean Tyrrel, Andrey Rzhetsky, Rob Kinnersley, Prashant Kumar, Caroline Duchaine, Frederic Coulon
School of Biomedical Sciences
Background Poor air quality is associated with poor health. Little attention is given to the complex array of environmental exposures and air pollutants that affect mental health during the life course. Aims We gather interdisciplinary expertise and knowledge across the air pollution and mental health fields. We seek to propose future research priorities and how to address them. Method Through a rapid narrative review, we summarise the key scientific findings, knowledge gaps and methodological challenges. Results There is emerging evidence of associations between poor air quality, both indoors and outdoors, and poor mental health more generally, as well as specific …