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Articles 9181 - 9210 of 10897
Full-Text Articles in Entire DC Network
Body Mass Changes And Voluntary Fluid Intakes Of Keelboat Sailors, Samantha Norman
Body Mass Changes And Voluntary Fluid Intakes Of Keelboat Sailors, Samantha Norman
The Plymouth Student Scientist
Match racing is a highly competitive and physically demanding type of keelboat racing which requires each person on board to have a specific job. There is little time for breaks to re-stock on fluid and nutrients lost, even when out training, therefore performance may be affected. The aim of this study is to see if keelboat sailors are adequately hydrated for sailing. 36 volunteers (30 males and 6 females) from the University of Plymouth Yacht Club match racing team took part in the study on four different occasions. Body mass and fluid intake was measured pre and post sailing as …
Peer Mentoring In Higher Education: A Review Of The Current Literature And Recommendations For Implementation Of Mentoring Schemes, Poppy A. Husband, Pamela A. Jacobs
Peer Mentoring In Higher Education: A Review Of The Current Literature And Recommendations For Implementation Of Mentoring Schemes, Poppy A. Husband, Pamela A. Jacobs
The Plymouth Student Scientist
No abstract provided.
Meadow Brown (Maniola Jurtina) And Marbled White (Melanargia Galathea) Butterfly Populations On Two Managed Grasslands In Devon, Uk: Implications For Conservation, Paul G. Winney
The Plymouth Student Scientist
This paper reports on the effects of a management regime on two grassland sites in an agricultural landscape by using butterflies as indicators over a six-year period. This paper investigates what effects the management has had on two groups of phytophagous butterflies; habitat generalists (polyphagous) and habitat specialists (oligophagous). It identifies two species to study, the meadow brown Maniola jurtina and marbled white Melanargia galathea. The study was conducted in Devon, UK in 2007. Butterfly and plant communities were studied by transect counts on two differently managed grassland sites (Site A: 8 ha and Site B: 4.04 ha). A total …
The Importance Of Being Creative And Innovative In Science Research, Wendy Purcell
The Importance Of Being Creative And Innovative In Science Research, Wendy Purcell
The Plymouth Student Scientist
Guest editorial from the Vice Chancellor (University of Plymouth)
Influences On The Cleaning Activity And Distribution Of Cleaner Fish, Katherine Gray
Influences On The Cleaning Activity And Distribution Of Cleaner Fish, Katherine Gray
The Plymouth Student Scientist
Cleaning interactions involve the removal of ectoparasites, mucus and dead tissue, by a cleaner from the skin of a cooperating fish – the client. These interactions generally benefit both the cleaner and the client, although this balance can shift if either party cheats, leading to antagonistic or exploitative behaviour. The activity of cleaner fish is affected by a variety of both physical and ecological factors. Ectoparasites make up a large portion of the diet of cleaner fish, thus ectoparasite availability is the major influence on cleaner activity, and so variations in ectoparasite densities tend to lead to variations in cleaner …
The Use Of Descriptive Words And Metaphor In Patient And Carer Experience Of Palliative Day Care: Secondary Analysis Of A Qualitative Study, J Richardson, J Grose
The Use Of Descriptive Words And Metaphor In Patient And Carer Experience Of Palliative Day Care: Secondary Analysis Of A Qualitative Study, J Richardson, J Grose
School of Nursing and Midwifery
BACKGROUND: An independent evaluation of changes to the delivery of Palliative Day Services was carried out during 2006-2007 using interviews with service users. The analysis found that the words and metaphors employed by users of services emphasized their emotional response to the changes, and helped to explain their depth of feeling about their experiences, warranting further investigation. AIM: To conduct a secondary analysis on interview data collected for the Day Services Evaluation Study in order to understand how patients and their carers use descriptive words and metaphor when talking about their experiences of palliative day services. METHODS: Interview transcripts from …
The Use Of Descriptive Words And Metaphor In Patient And Carer Experience Of Palliative Day Care: Secondary Analysis Of A Qualitative Study., J Richardson, J Grose
The Use Of Descriptive Words And Metaphor In Patient And Carer Experience Of Palliative Day Care: Secondary Analysis Of A Qualitative Study., J Richardson, J Grose
School of Nursing and Midwifery
BACKGROUND: An independent evaluation of changes to the delivery of Palliative Day Services was carried out during 2006-2007 using interviews with service users. The analysis found that the words and metaphors employed by users of services emphasized their emotional response to the changes, and helped to explain their depth of feeling about their experiences, warranting further investigation. AIM: To conduct a secondary analysis on interview data collected for the Day Services Evaluation Study in order to understand how patients and their carers use descriptive words and metaphor when talking about their experiences of palliative day services. METHODS: Interview transcripts from …
Champagne Seas—Foretelling The Ocean’S Future?, J Hall-Spencer, E Rauer
Champagne Seas—Foretelling The Ocean’S Future?, J Hall-Spencer, E Rauer
School of Biological and Marine Sciences
Imagine you are an ocean researcher and you want to study the ecological impacts of ocean acidification. You know from studies carried out under controlled laboratory conditions that lowered pH can impact the physiology, growth, and development of certain organisms. What you want to know next is how these changes in individual species translate into the direct and indirect ecological changes that occur in the open ocean. Here we summarize the results from a new approach to understanding the ecological implications of ocean acidification: observational studies and IN SITU experimentation at ocean sites with low pH and high CO2.
A Blended Approach To Evidence Learning In Professional Practice, Ml Fisher, A Thoburn, T Arkinstall, T Proctor-Childs
A Blended Approach To Evidence Learning In Professional Practice, Ml Fisher, A Thoburn, T Arkinstall, T Proctor-Childs
School of Nursing and Midwifery
Research and e-learning both need to have real-life usability in order to be of benefit. This paper analyses the journey followed as an electronic portfolio was introduced into the midwifery programme at a University in the United Kingdom. Underpinning this innovation were key findings from the literature and an ongoing study exploring “Assessment of Practice”. Due to a number of curricular changes required by the authors’ institution and the professional body, the decision was made to incorporate these – together with current evidence – into a blended portfolio for use by undergraduate midwifery students. The part-electronic, part-paper portfolio enables students …
Production Efficiency Of Jasmine Rice Producers In Northern And North‐Eastern Thailand, S Rahman, A Wiboonpongse, S Sriboonchitta, Y Chaovanapoonphol
Production Efficiency Of Jasmine Rice Producers In Northern And North‐Eastern Thailand, S Rahman, A Wiboonpongse, S Sriboonchitta, Y Chaovanapoonphol
School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences
The paper jointly evaluates the determinants of switching to Jasmine rice and its productivity while allowing for production inefficiency at the level of individual producers. Model diagnostics reveal that serious selection bias exists, justifying use of a sample selection framework in stochastic frontier models. Results from the probit variety selection equation reveal that gross return (mainly powered by significantly higher Jasmine rice price), access to irrigation and education are the important determinants of choosing Jasmine rice. Results from the stochastic production frontier reveal that land, irrigation and fertilisers are the significant determinants of Jasmine rice productivity. Significantly lower productivity in …
Guidance On Carbon Capture Readiness And Applications Under Section 36 Of The Electricity Act 1989: Consultation Response, He Huppert, Mj Golding, Ma Hallworth, Et Al
Guidance On Carbon Capture Readiness And Applications Under Section 36 Of The Electricity Act 1989: Consultation Response, He Huppert, Mj Golding, Ma Hallworth, Et Al
School of Engineering, Computing and Mathematics
We welcome the broad thrust of the DECC’s draft guidance document on carbon capture readiness at new power stations, and of the Secretary of State’s proposals for additional requirements for carbon capture and storage. We suggest several clarifications that could usefully be provided, either in the guidance document, or in subsidiary documents. Specifically, we suggest the establishment of a process of continual review of the realistic capacity of carbon dioxide storage reservoirs and the criteria for introducing new carbon storage reservoirs. We further suggest that to allow for the rapid rate of generation of new scientific information, the following are …
Gp Carers' Project, H Donnellan
Scientific Divers Quantify First Known Outbreaks Of Cold-Water Coral Disease, J Hall-Spencer, C Munn, K Hiscock
Scientific Divers Quantify First Known Outbreaks Of Cold-Water Coral Disease, J Hall-Spencer, C Munn, K Hiscock
School of Biological and Marine Sciences
Coral diseases are widely reported in the tropics but the first incidence of cold-water coral disease was not noted until 2002 when divers recorded an outbreak at 10-28 m depth off Lundy in a NE Atlantic marine protected area. The seafan Eunicella verrucosa exhibited coenchyme necrosis and subsequent diving surveys of >600 colonies at 13 sites since revealed that disease outbreaks were widespread in SW England to depths of 50 m from 2003-2008, possibly caused by infection by Vibrio bacteria at high temperatures.
Can We Use Starlings’ Aversion To Eyespots As The Basis For A Novel ‘Cognitive Bias’ Task?, Bo Brilot, Cl Normandale, A Parkin, M Bateson
Can We Use Starlings’ Aversion To Eyespots As The Basis For A Novel ‘Cognitive Bias’ Task?, Bo Brilot, Cl Normandale, A Parkin, M Bateson
School of Biological and Marine Sciences
Experiments in humans have shown that changes in emotional (affective) state cause adaptive changes in the processing of incoming information, termed "cognitive bias". For instance, the states of anxiety and depression have been shown to be associated with "pessimistic" judgements of ambiguous stimuli intermediate between stimuli associated with positive and negative outcomes. This phenomenon provides a promising method for objectively assessing animal emotional states and has been successfully demonstrated in preliminary studies. However, the experiments yielding these results required extensive training to establish the necessary positive and negative associations. Here we present an experiment using responses to eyespot stimuli that …
A National Survey Investigating Uk Prescribers' Opinions On Chemotherapy Dosing And ‘Dose-Banding’, Sa Kaestner, Gj Sewell
A National Survey Investigating Uk Prescribers' Opinions On Chemotherapy Dosing And ‘Dose-Banding’, Sa Kaestner, Gj Sewell
School of Health Professions
AIMS: The primary purpose of dose-banding for cancer chemotherapy is to reduce patient waiting times, but dose-banding also has additional benefits, such as reduced drug wastage, reduced stress for staff, and prospective quality control of infusions. However, the uptake of dose-banding seems fairly low. Possible reasons for this are a reluctance to use dose-banding for clinical reasons or a lack of awareness. Despite the seemingly minor change from established practice of dose preparation, dose-banding has the potential to alter patient chemotherapy exposure. The aim of this study was to investigate prescribers' awareness of dose-banding and their opinions on the scope …
Undergraduate Nurses’ And Midwives’ Participation And Satisfaction With Live Interactive Webcasts., Gr Williamson, I Maramba, Rb Jones, J Morris
Undergraduate Nurses’ And Midwives’ Participation And Satisfaction With Live Interactive Webcasts., Gr Williamson, I Maramba, Rb Jones, J Morris
School of Nursing and Midwifery
INTRODUCTION: E-Learning methods such as webcasting are being used increasingly in healthcare education, including that of nurses and midwives. Webcasting means live synchronous broadcasting over the internet, where students participate simultaneously in text 'chat room' interactive discussions when logged on to a webpage where they can see and hear a presentation such as a PowerPoint lecture, a list of other participants, and access 'chat rooms'. AIMS: This paper reports student participation and satisfaction with the use of webcasting in a third year undergraduate nursing and midwifery research methods module in one higher education institution faculty of health and social work …
Bias For Consonantal Information Over Vocalic Information In 30-Month-Olds: Cross-Linguistic Evidence From French And English., Thierry Nazzi, Caroline Floccia, Bérangère Moquet, Joseph Butler
Bias For Consonantal Information Over Vocalic Information In 30-Month-Olds: Cross-Linguistic Evidence From French And English., Thierry Nazzi, Caroline Floccia, Bérangère Moquet, Joseph Butler
School of Psychology
Using a name-based categorization task, Nazzi found in 2005 that French-learning 20-month-olds can make use of one-feature consonantal contrasts between new labels but fail to do so with one-feature vocalic contrasts. This asymmetry was interpreted as developmental evidence for the proposal that consonants play a more important role than vowels at the lexical level. In the current study using the same task, we first show that by 30 months French-learning infants can make use of one-feature vocalic contrasts (e.g., /pize/-/pyze/). Second, we show that in a situation where infants must neglect either a consonantal one-feature change or a vocalic one-feature …
Understanding Pitch Perception As A Hierarchical Process With Top-Down Modulation., E Balaguer-Ballester, Nr Clark, M Coath, K Krumbholz, Sl Denham
Understanding Pitch Perception As A Hierarchical Process With Top-Down Modulation., E Balaguer-Ballester, Nr Clark, M Coath, K Krumbholz, Sl Denham
School of Psychology
Pitch is one of the most important features of natural sounds, underlying the perception of melody in music and prosody in speech. However, the temporal dynamics of pitch processing are still poorly understood. Previous studies suggest that the auditory system uses a wide range of time scales to integrate pitch-related information and that the effective integration time is both task- and stimulus-dependent. None of the existing models of pitch processing can account for such task- and stimulus-dependent variations in processing time scales. This study presents an idealized neurocomputational model, which provides a unified account of the multiple time scales observed …
Reasons To Be Sceptical: A 'Response To The Next Stage Of Devolution, Dewi Llyr Jones
Reasons To Be Sceptical: A 'Response To The Next Stage Of Devolution, Dewi Llyr Jones
SOLON Law, Crime and History (previously SOLON Crimes and Misdemeanours: Deviance and the Law in Historical Perspective)
No abstract provided.
Who Are You? We Have Ways Of Finding Out! Tracing The Police Development Of Offender Identification Techniques In The Late Nineteenth Century, Terry Stanford
Who Are You? We Have Ways Of Finding Out! Tracing The Police Development Of Offender Identification Techniques In The Late Nineteenth Century, Terry Stanford
SOLON Law, Crime and History (previously SOLON Crimes and Misdemeanours: Deviance and the Law in Historical Perspective)
From the very beginning of modern policing there were a number of problems; not the least of these was the difficulty that the police had in identifying those they had arrested. This was important for a number of reasons including the need to prove ages and previous convictions against persons charged before a court. Due to the size of London and its large, mobile population, this was particularly difficult in the Metropolitan Police area. The police had to rely largely on personal knowledge in order to prove identifications and contacts at police stations. Initially officers attended Police/Magistrates courts at remand …
Samuel Holberry: Chartist Conspirator Or Victim Of A State Conspiracy, Catherine Lewis
Samuel Holberry: Chartist Conspirator Or Victim Of A State Conspiracy, Catherine Lewis
SOLON Law, Crime and History (previously SOLON Crimes and Misdemeanours: Deviance and the Law in Historical Perspective)
In January 1840, Samuel Holberry a Sheffield Chartist, was committed to trial at Sheffield Assizes for seditious conspiracy. A critical examination of the evidence presented at the committal hearing and subsequent Assize trial demonstrates that the court process was entirely one-sided. The quality of the evidence used to secure a conviction was, at the very least, suspect, and the prosecution appear to have withheld evidence that could have vindicated Holberry. An in-depth analysis of the case seeks to lay bare the workings of the coercive and judicial powers of the nineteenth century state.
Ethics And Vulnerability In Street Prostitution; An Argument In Favour Of Managed Zones, Anna Carline
Ethics And Vulnerability In Street Prostitution; An Argument In Favour Of Managed Zones, Anna Carline
SOLON Law, Crime and History (previously SOLON Crimes and Misdemeanours: Deviance and the Law in Historical Perspective)
This article draws upon the work of Judith Butler, in particular her approach to ethics and the concepts of vulnerability and 'liveable lives,' in order to provide a critical analysis of reform proposals contained in the Criminal Justice and Immigration Bill (now Act 2008) in relation to street prostitution. The article will argue that the proposals presented in the Bill problematically use the vulnerability of street sex workers in order to promote a moralistic agenda. In contrast it will be argued that managed zones, as proposed by Liverpool City Council, provide a potentially more ethical approach to the issue of …
Resolution Through Devolution: Policing, Youth Justice And Imprisonment In Wales, Gavin Dingwall
Resolution Through Devolution: Policing, Youth Justice And Imprisonment In Wales, Gavin Dingwall
SOLON Law, Crime and History (previously SOLON Crimes and Misdemeanours: Deviance and the Law in Historical Perspective)
Criminal justice was not devolved to the Welsh Assembly but the process of devolution has resulted in de facto differences emerging between England and Wales. In the previous edition of this journal, Jackie Jones argued that these differences would lead to the eventual devolution of criminal justice to the Assembly. This response article concentrates on three distinct areas of criminal justice policy – policing, youth justice and imprisonment – and seeks to situate the Welsh concerns in a broader context. The conclusion draws together what I see as the two central themes of Jones‘ paper: the inevitability of a Welsh …
Profits, Supply And Hyv Adoption In Bangladesh, S Rahman, B Shankar
Profits, Supply And Hyv Adoption In Bangladesh, S Rahman, B Shankar
School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences
The adoption of HYVs (High Yielding Varieties), for increased farm profitability, and the accelerated supply of cereals are important objectives for Bangladesh agriculture. In this paper, we have investigated the manner in which price and non-price factor affect these three criteria, based upon a model of rational variety choice. The model is empirically implemented using translog profit functions and a switching regression framework, and applied to a cross-sectional farm-level dataset of Bangladeshi farms for the 1996 crop year. Results indicate that rice prices, land availability, irrigation, rural infrastructure, labour wages and prices of animal power services are important factors, while …
Momentum Equity Strategies: Are Certain Firm-Specific Variables Crucial In Achieving Superior Performance In Short Term Holding Periods?, P Tziogkidis, P Zachouris
Momentum Equity Strategies: Are Certain Firm-Specific Variables Crucial In Achieving Superior Performance In Short Term Holding Periods?, P Tziogkidis, P Zachouris
Plymouth Business School
In this study we analyze the performance of variable-oriented momentum strategies, in order to detect alternatives which offer higher returns, compared to the simple price momentum strategies, for no significantly extra risk, in the very short run. Portfolios are constructed using twenty firm specific variables, of U.S. stocks traded in NYSE, NASDAQ and AMEX for a full six year period starting on March of 2002. We calculate a volatilityreward (VR) ratio for each observation, treated as a performance measure, and we apply Principal Component Analysis (PCA) on their series in order to detect the variables which contribute mostly in enhancing …
The Effects Of Place On Health Risk: A Qualitative Study Of Micro-Injecting Environments, Stephen George Parkin
The Effects Of Place On Health Risk: A Qualitative Study Of Micro-Injecting Environments, Stephen George Parkin
Other Faculty of Health Theses
This thesis examines the relationship between place and health-risk in the context of injecting drug use; with specific focus upon such practice that is located within public and semi-public locations. The research followed phenomenological and ethnographic traditions; complemented by interview data and the exploratory application of visual methods (photography and video). This qualitative research was therefore designed to articulate the essence of public injecting in an urban setting within the UK and provide more nuanced understandings of the relationship between injecting drug use, health-risk and the socio-physical environments in which drugs are injected. This study focused upon the public injecting …
The Internet As Playground And Factory, Robert T. Scholz
The Internet As Playground And Factory, Robert T. Scholz
School of Engineering, Computing and Mathematics Theses
"Free labour" is central to the Internet. Traditional exploitation of labour was complemented by the monetization of attention between the 1880s and 1950s and then by the commoditization of networked publics starting in the 1980s. Today, commercial interests have colonized the Internet and "labour" is being performed online by hundreds of millions of people. Without being recognized as "labour", it turns profits for corporations. Playful, virtual volunteerism, and social production, driven by the desire for praise, entertainment, and peer recognition, has become a significant driving force of consumer capitalism. I am introducing the term "interactivity labour" to discuss the complex …
Multi-Proxy Palaeoclimate Reconstruction Of The Permian-Triassic Mass Extinction Event, Timothy Kearsey
Multi-Proxy Palaeoclimate Reconstruction Of The Permian-Triassic Mass Extinction Event, Timothy Kearsey
School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences Theses
The Permian/Triassic (P/Tr) boundary is widely assumed to have been a time of extreme environmental upheaval and change. In the terrestrial realm, a negative anomaly in 813C isotope values has been reported from organic carbon in Antarctica, Australia, India and Madagascar, and from marine carbonate in the Karoo Basin. However, these sections are all from southern palaeolatitudes. Analysis from the Permian-Triassic terrestrial sedimentary record of the South Urals, in Russia, comprising of many Aridisol and Vertisol horizons has revealed that, like the Southern Hemisphere, there is a dramatic change in paleosol morphology across the P/Tr boundary linked to a shift …
Transformations Of Organic And Inorganic Phosphorus In Estuarine Particle- Water Systems, Jin Bo Zhao
Transformations Of Organic And Inorganic Phosphorus In Estuarine Particle- Water Systems, Jin Bo Zhao
School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences Theses
This thesis describes methodologies to detemiine organic and inorganic phosphorus in water and discusses biological, physical and chemical controls on the transformations of organic and inorganic phosphorus in laboratory microcosms of estuarine particle-water systems. Phosphorus is an important nutrient and the accurate determination of phosphorus species in natural waters is essential for understanding the biogeochemical cycling of the element. Chapter one reviews phosphorus impacts on water quality and relevant UK legislation, the sources, speclation and fractionation of phosphorus, the sediment/water phosphorus cycle and analytical methods for the determination of dissolved Inorganic phosphorus (DIP) and organic phosphorus (DOP) species In natural …
Nutrients And Eutrophication In The Taw Estuary, Gerald Maier
Nutrients And Eutrophication In The Taw Estuary, Gerald Maier
School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences Theses
Increased inputs of nutrients to estuaries and coastal waters can cause undesirable effects associated with eutrophication, including nuisance and toxic algal blooms, reduced amenity value, changes in species composition, bottom anoxia and fish kills. The main sources of nutrients to estuaries are river runoff, sewage discharges, atmospheric inputs and possibly submarine groundwater discharges. For the UK, estuarine eutrophication has been shown to occur in at least 16 estuaries (including the Taw in North Devon). Consequently, these systems have been designated as '(Potential) Problem Area' under the OSPAR Common Procedure for the Identification of Eutrophication and also as a 'Eutrophic Water' …