Digital Commons Network^™

Policewomen: College Students’ Perceptions Of Women In Policing, Adrian Martinez

Theses and Dissertations

Throughout history women have worked hard to enter the workplace without prejudice. More often than not, women were faced with negative public perceptions concluding they do not belong in male-dominated professions. However, over time, women have proven they can be just as good as, if not better than their male counterparts. This has been found to be true in war factories during World War II and on the streets with female police officers. Women, however, are still underrepresented when it comes to their roles in policing. This study is an exploratory examination of college students’ perceptions of women in policing. …

Effect Of Wind Direction On Sea Surface Reflectance, Seyedmojtaba Shahabi

Theses and Dissertations

The slope distribution of the sea surface varies with the speed as well as the direction of the wind. However, the dependence on wind direction is frequently ignored in the studies of the sea surface reflectance. In this study, we investigate the effect of wind directions on the sea surface reflectance (ρs). Zhang et al. 2017 sea surface reflectance model is followed where the sea surface in our study is modeled using the Cox and Munk (1954) anisotropic model. The Cox and Munk model has an inherent uncertainty relating to the distribution of capillary wave facets and wind speeds, which …

A Privacy Law Invasion From The West Coast Or Nothing To Worry About? The Impact Of The California Consumer Privacy Act In North Dakota, Jeremy Straub, Joseph Vacek

North Dakota Law Review

No abstract provided.

The Establishment Clause Forbids Coercion, Not Cooperation, Between Church And State: How The Direct Coercion Test Should Replace The Lemon Test, Charles Adside Iii

North Dakota Law Review

No abstract provided.

Can I Get Your Name Please? Not Unless You Want To Go To Jail, Jeremy Straub, Joseph Vacek

North Dakota Law Review

No abstract provided.

Proceedings Of The One Hundred Twenty First Annual Meeting Of The North Dakota State Bar Association, North Dakota Law Review Associate Editors

North Dakota Law Review

No abstract provided.

To Object Or Not Object, That Is The Question: A Criminal Law Practitioner's Guide To The "Five W'S" Of Evidentiary Objections, Jonathan J. O'Konek

North Dakota Law Review

No abstract provided.

Rethinking Cash Bail In Cass County, Dane Dekrey

North Dakota Law Review

No abstract provided.

Three Strikes And You Pay: Does The Prison Litigation Reform Act's Three Strikes Provision Allow Prisoners To Appeal Their Third Strike In Forma Pauperis?, Eliot T. Tracz

North Dakota Law Review

No abstract provided.

Reasonable Doubt Ratcheting: How Jurors Adjust The Standard Of Proof To Reach A Desired Result, Michael Conklin

North Dakota Law Review

No abstract provided.

North Dakota Supreme Court Review, North Dakota Law Review Associate Editors

North Dakota Law Review

No abstract provided.

The North Dakota Constitution: An Original Approach Since 1889, Jerod Tufte

North Dakota Law Review

No abstract provided.

100 Years Of Women's Suffrage: Celebrating Pilgrims On The Journey For Equality-One Step At A Time, Katie Carpenter, Lisa Fair Mcevers

North Dakota Law Review

No abstract provided.

Motor Competency's Relationship To Interpersonal Coordination In Stationary Basketball Dribbling, Daniel Bell

Theses and Dissertations

A gold standard for student pairing strategies in a physical education setting has still yet to be discovered and is a widely debated topic in the field. Inclusion and equitable learning environments are areas of emphasis for practitioners while trying to find new ways to elicit these things to benefit students. Interpersonal coordination (IC), a social phenomenon on which this study focused, has direct applications for pairing strategies in physical education. In essence, IC is a state in which two individuals non-consciously mimic each other’s motor patterns. IC was measured between 182 student pairings performing stationary basketball dribbling. Participants included …

Self-Efficacy Of Nacep Accredited Concurrent-Enrollment Program Instructors In Rural Community Colleges, Cecil B. Holland

Theses and Dissertations

Across the United States, high schools and community colleges are collaborating to offer students non-traditional educational programs that allow them to gain college credit including those accredited by the National Alliance of Concurrent Enrollment Partnerships (NACEP). Those teaching these classes must have high self-efficacy and enjoy their work if they are going to make a positive impact on the students they are educating. The theoretical framework for this research is based on Bandura’s Self-Efficacy Theory. The methodology for this qualitative research study utilized an integrated approach. Data collection consisted of one-on-one interviews with instructors who teach NACEP courses, administrators who …

Geothermal Energy From Repurposed Oil And Gas Wells In Western North Dakota, Sidike Abudureyimu

Theses and Dissertations

Repurposing directional drilled Bakken oil wells to utilize ORC technology for electrical power generation is uneconomical for co-produced fluid in current active oil and gas fields in the Williston Basin. Geothermal power generation requires three crucial factors: heat source, sufficient and sustainable flow rate, and efficient binary technology. This feasibility study focuses on evaluating geothermal co-production fluid for current Sanish, Parshall, and Banks Bakken multi-wells pads. The wells lie within a 2.5-mile (4 km) radius within each field and extend to depths of 9,900 to 11,000 ft. (3 - 3.5 km). Within a 2.5-mile radius area, there are several multi-well …

Improving Numerical Reproducibility Of Scientific Software In Parallel Systems, Sara Faraji Jalal Apostal

Theses and Dissertations

Recently, numerical reproducibility has received increased emphasis from the scientific community. Software results that are not reproducible make it difficult to examine the science the software supports. A common source of numerical reproducibility errors in computational science occurs during floating-point arithmetic. Finite precisions and limited storage for floating-point numbers require computers to truncate and round results of some math operations. As a consequence, an approximate value is stored instead of the exact result. One programming idiom that is not always reproducible is the global sum reduction of a distributed array. Changing the number of compute units changes the order array …

Characterizing Palmitoylation On The Sodium Hydrogen Exchanger Isoform 1 (Nhe1), Moriah Hovde

Theses and Dissertations

This dissertation focuses on the role of palmitoylation in regulating the sodium hydrogen exchanger isoform 1 (NHE1) and associated cellular functions as well as how various phosphorylation pathways alter NHE1 palmitoylation. Palmitoylation is the only known reversible lipid modification, allowing for the dynamic regulation of palmitoylated proteins not found with other lipid modifications. NHE1 regulates intracellular pH (pHi) by exchanging an extracellular sodium for an intracellular hydrogen. Additionally, NHE1 is involved in regulating cell volume, cytoskeletal organization, protein anchoring, cell migration, and cell proliferation. NHE1 is highly regulated by protein interactions and modifications including phosphorylation. To begin, the first study …

The Impact Of Co-Witness Misinformation On Memory For A Traumatic Event, Kira Krupa

Theses and Dissertations

The misinformation effect has long been studied, but little research has examined how misleading post-event information affects traumatic memory. Misinformation presented by a cowitness has been found to be particularly powerful, often producing the strongest effects on eyewitness memory. The current study sought to analyze the impact of co-witness misinformation on memory for a traumatic event. Participants viewed a short film displaying a gruesome murder and completed an immediate recall test. After a short delay, participants read a narrative summary of the film (accurate or misleading), with some being told the narrative was written by another eyewitness. A subsequent recall …

Home Range And Habitat Selection Of Gray Wolves (Canis Lupus) On Red Lake Indian Reservation And Surrounding Areas, June Levin

Theses and Dissertations

Every animal requires space where they can perform activities to survive and reproduce. For land animals, components of space use include area and habitat. Because most land animals are living on a human dominated landscape, understanding home range area and habitat needs is critical to their conservation. This is particularly relevant for threatened or endangered species such as the gray wolf (Canis lupus). The Minnesota Department of Natural Resources estimates home ranges and habitat use of wolves in northwestern Minnesota; however, a subset of this population lives within the bounds of Red Lake Indian Reservation, where The Red Lake Band …

A Classification Of Ice Crystal Habits Using Combined Cpl And Rsp Observations During The Seac4rs Campaign, Natalie Midzak

Theses and Dissertations

Using collocated NASA’s Cloud Physics Lidar (CPL) and Research Scanning Polarimeter (RSP) data from the SEAC4RS campaign, a new observational-based method was developed which uses a K-means clustering technique to classify ice crystal habit types into seven categories: column, plates, rosettes, spheroids and three different type of irregulars. Inter-compared with the collocated SPEC Inc. Cloud Particle Imager (CPI) data, the frequency of the detected ice crystal habits from the proposed method presented in the study agree within 5% of the CPI reported values for columns, irregulars, rosettes, and spheroids, with more disagreement for plates. This study suggests that a detailed …

Pilot Perception Of Automation Use: A Generational Assessment, Ryan Leadens

Theses and Dissertations

As flight deck technology has become more advanced, the pilot–machine interaction has become a larger point of emphasis in pilot training programs. Increasing demand for air travel in future decades will create greater need for highly accurate and reliable navigation systems. These systems reduce a pilots’ exposure to “stick and rudder” skills while increasing the knowledge and situational awareness required to operate safely.

It is imperative that pilots are properly trained on these systems prior to conducting line operations. In order to create an efficient and effective training program, it is important to understand how pilots perceive their role on …

Investigation Of Aerosol Induced Cold Bias In Numerical Weather Prediction Model Forecasts In Selected Regions On A Global Scale, Xiao Ma

Theses and Dissertations

Using surface observations from the Integrated Surface Database (ISD), remotely sensed data from Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS), and modeled data from National Centers of Environmental Prediction (NCEP) and United Kingdom Met Office (UKMO) models, the aerosol induced surface cooling effect is studied for eight selected regions. The results of this study indicate that aerosol plumes could impact surface temperature forecasts for all four seasons in East Asia and India and for seasons with heavy aerosol plumes in the Middle East and South Africa. No clear signals are found for either the impact of cloud contamination or the impact of …

Public Perceptions Of Female Offenders And Their Treatment Needs, Laurel Purcel

Theses and Dissertations

There has been an abundance of research examining public perceptions toward various areas of the criminal justice system. Much of this research has focused on measuring public support toward punishment and rehabilitation for offenders within prison. However, less is known with regards to public attitudes toward female offenders. The current study examined public perceptions toward rehabilitation among offenders in general, and female offenders in particular, the risk factors that contribute to female offenders committing crimes, and toward various issues that are common among female offenders and their subsequent treatment needs. Two hundred and fifty participants were recruited through Amazon Mechanical …

A Preliminary Study Of Leo To Geo Transfers For Inclination Changes Using Libration Point Orbits, John Shepard

Theses and Dissertations

The required change in velocity for a satellite to change inclination has prompted studies of efficient orbital transfers. Modeling the motion of a spacecraft by including the gravitational forces associated with the Sun, Earth, and Moon has historically proven effective in obtaining new scientific knowledge. In modeling the motion of satellites, the circular restricted three body problem (CR3BP) demonstrates the interactions from two primary bodies and a satellite. The dynamics created about the equilibrium points within the CR3BP can be used to construct low-energy transfers. The invariant manifolds of the libration point orbits (LPO) can be used to create an …

Substitution And Oxidation Reactions Of Cyclodiphosph(Iii)Azane Compounds Of The Group 15 Elements, Joseph Tabifor Musongong

Theses and Dissertations

In the first part of this work, the substitution of the chloride ligand on group 15 element bis(tert-butylamido)cyclodiphosph(III)azane monochlorides, {[(tBuNP)2(tBuN)2]ECl}, where E = P, As, Sb and Bi, with various monodentate ligands is rerported. The reaction of one equivalent of PhMgCl with {[(tBuNP)2(tBuN)2]ECl}, resulted in the isolation of {[(tBuNP)2(tBuN)2]EPh} 2b (E = As) or 4b (E = Bi), while the reaction of LiN(SiMe3)2 with {[(tBuNP)2(tBuN)2]ECl} gave {[(tBuNP)2(tBuN)2]EN(SiMe3)2} 2d (E = As) or 4d (E = Bi) in good yields. Compounds {[(tBuNP)2(tBuN)2]AsL} 2c (L = N3 ), 2e (L = OtBu) and 2f (L = OPh) were isolated by treating {[(tBuNP)2(tBuN)2]AsCl} …

Effects Of Intrapartum Nitrous Oxide Use On Comfort And Satisfaction With The Birth Experience, Tami Such

Theses and Dissertations

Background/Purpose: Increased availability of intrapartum nitrous oxide in the United States given recent Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approval of associated delivery devices has provided women an alternative intrapartum pain management strategy currently underutilized in the United States despite long standing history of effectiveness in other countries (Richardson et al., 2017b). However, the effect of pain on the experience of birth and present emphasis on patient-centered care and shared decision-making, potential improvement of women’s satisfaction with the birth experience when nitrous oxide is used was an understudied concept in extant literature. Also, given the possibility of pain and comfort as …

Relationships Among A Football Specific Test, Wonderlic Test And Decision-Making In Ncaa Football Players, William Ratelle

Theses and Dissertations

Aim. This study compared two different evaluation methods of cognitive ability (Wonderlic and a Football Test) and their relationships to Assign Grade (accuracy of their decision making on the football field). Methods. Thirty-seven NCAA football players were given both tests, separated by several weeks. Additionally, the football coaches graded the players’ decision making performance with an “Assign Grade,” an evaluation of the players’ ability to make the correct decisions on the field. Results. Spearman rho correlation coefficient showed no significant correlations between the Wonderlic Personnel Test and Assign Grade (r = 0.04, p = 0.82) for any of the groups …

Coupled Simulation Of Hydraulic Fracturing, Production, And Refracturing For Unconventional Reservoirs, Xincheng Wan

Theses and Dissertations

Horizontal well drilling and multi-stage hydraulic fracturing are two key techniques for the development of unconventional reservoir. However, the production from tight formation is associate with fast depletion of reservoir. When oil price is low, drilling new horizontal wells is not profitable. Creating secondary fractures from existing hydraulic fractured wells, i.e., refracture is an alternative method to increase stimulated reservoir volume (SRV) and gain additional production from existing hydraulic fractured wells. To optimize refracturing well selection and operation, it’s of economic importance to acquire knowledge from initial hydraulic fracturing operation, production history, and refracturing design perspectives. This initiated the idea …

Time-Dependent Plastic Deformation Of Mg Nanocomposites: Ambient And Elevated Temperature Assessments, Jiselle Thornby

Theses and Dissertations

Magnesium (Mg) nanocomposites are promising materials for many lightweight engineering applications. By adding a nanoparticle phase, like carbon nanotubes (CNTs) to a Mg matrix phase, new strengthening mechanisms are activated and enable the resulting nanocomposite to have better mechanical properties, e.g., strength and ductility, than unreinforced Mg. The viability of using Mg-CNT nanocomposites in lieu of heavier structural metals in industrial dimensions, especially those at high temperatures, cannot be assessed until these materials have been comprehensively characterized.

In the present project, the nanoindentation technique was used to assess the creep and hardness response of pure Mg and Mg reinforced with …