Digital Commons Network^™

Project-Based Learning And Mathematical Competencies In Primary Education: A Neutrosophic Cognitive Map Reading Of A Critical Integrative Review, Uriostegui Adan Yurithzi Majogani

Neutrosophic Sets and Systems

Developing mathematical competencies in primary school is essential for interacting with the environment. Faced with the limitations of traditional direct instruction, project-based learning (PBL) has emerged as an active alternative. This study analyzes, through a critical integrative review of ten reference studies (2016-2026), whether PBL determines the development of basic mathematical competencies in primary school students, and formalizes the resulting conceptual system as a neutrosophic cognitive map (NCM) with eight concepts and nine causal connections classified as positive, negative, or indeterminate. The static analysis of the map identifies PBL as the most central concept and makes explicit that the direct …

Taxi Geometry And Euclidean Geometry: Congruence And Similarity Of Triangles, Jose Carlos Pinto Leivas, Osvaldo Jesus Rojas Velazquez, Diana Carolina Perez Duarte, Randy Zabaleta Mesino

Neutrosophic Sets and Systems

This article presents an instrument that describes the experience implemented with students of a graduate programme in the courses of Analytic Geometry and Linear Algebra. The purpose of the instrument, as a didactic resource, was to analyse how the connections between the classical cases of congruence and similarity of triangles in Euclidean Geometry and in Taxi Geometry can be explored. The metric analysis of the productions shows that the three classical congruence criteria - SSS, SAS and ASA - cease to hold under the taxicab metric, and that equilaterality does not imply equiangularity in that geometry. In addition, a neutrosophic …

Verified, Unsupported, Or Contradicted? A Neutrosophic Evidence Audit Of Public-Security Dashboard Indicators: Citizen-Security Incidents Reported To Ecuador's Ecu911, July 2026, Jhon Jairo Tuz Chamorro

Neutrosophic Sets and Systems

Administrative dashboards display values whose evidential support is rarely audited. This study characterised the open file of incidents reported during July 2026 to Ecuador's Integrated Security Service ECU911. The analysis demonstrated that population normalisation substantially changed the territorial ranking. Three dashboard indicators that failed evidential review were used as validation cases for the proposed Neutrosophic Dashboard Indicator Audit (NDIA), under which each indicator is treated as a proposition whose numerical value and interpretation must be adequately supported by the underlying data and computational procedure. The audit distinguished between different forms of evidential failure, including a computational contradiction, a claim unsupported …

The Absorption Problem In Software-Planning Assessment: A Single-Valued Neutrosophic Model With Deferral, Angela Olivia Yanza Montalvan, Omar Mar Cornelio

Neutrosophic Sets and Systems

Planning the software production process is a knowledge-intensive activity whose assessment relies on expert, linguistic and frequently conflicting indicators. Deterministic and fuzzy models compress each assessment into a single membership value and therefore cannot distinguish ignorance from contradiction. We formalise this Absorption Problem and propose a Single-Valued Neutrosophic (SVN) model that represents each indicator as a truth-indeterminacy-falsity triple, aggregates them with an SVN weighted average under AHP-derived weights, computes a structural-indeterminacy operator from inter-indicator disagreement, and applies a deferral rule that routes high-indeterminacy projects to expert review. On a real project-management dataset (n = 199), gating on structural indeterminacy raises …

Beyond Scalar Uncertainty: Independent Neutrosophic Evidence Coordinates For Conflict-Aware Retrieval-Augmented Generation, Florentin Smarandache, Maikel Yelandi Leyva Vazquez

Neutrosophic Sets and Systems

Retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) pipelines reduce the quality of retrieved evidence to one number, and common scalar uncertainty summaries conflate evidential distinctions that a three-coordinate representation keeps apart: insufficient, contradictory and explicitly indeterminate evidence. We use the non-normalized neutrosophic triple (T, I, F) as a testable multidimensional evidence representation, with independent channels for support, explicit indeterminacy and opposition, and subject its defining design principle to a controlled empirical test on a pre-specified battery built on Climate-FEVER, validated externally on ConfRAG. The independent triple gives the best five-way behaviour with the LLM evaluator; normalization deletes the magnitude that signals insufficiency. The benefit …

The Enforceability Of Economic, Social And Cultural Rights As A Neutrosophic Variable: The Right To Education In Ecuador, Alejandro Montece

Neutrosophic Sets and Systems

In 1948 the United Nations General Assembly adopted the Universal Declaration of Human Rights, and in 1966 it divided fundamental rights into two covenants. This study analyses the level of enforceability of economic, social and cultural (ESC) rights, taking the right to education in Ecuador as its case, and argues that enforceability is not a binary property but a neutrosophic variable: for each dimension of the right there coexist degrees of realization (T), degrees of documented non-realization (F), and a component of indeterminacy (I) that the analysis types into constitutive indeterminacy and removable indeterminacy. The results show high truth values …

Generative Artificial Intelligence As A Formative Mediator In Mathematical Task Design: An Ontosemiotic-Neutrosophic Analysis Of Didactical Suitability In Teacher Education, Arian Vazquez Alvarez

Neutrosophic Sets and Systems

The transformation of mathematics teaching in the digital society demands the integration of emerging technologies with solid pedagogical foundations. This study analyses the mediation of generative artificial intelligence (GAI) in the design of mathematical tasks from the Ontosemiotic Approach (OSA). A neutrosophic reading is introduced to preserve, rather than collapse, the evidential structure of GAI-mediated tasks, annotating each facet with independent degrees of truth (T), indeterminacy (I), and falsity (F) and modelling the teacher's critical mediation as an operator of evidence refinement. GAI does not replace the teacher but strengthens their role as epistemological mediator and fosters critical didactic thinking.

Generative Ai For Curriculum And Assessment Design In Competency-Based Tvet: An Exploratory Evidence Map With Neutrosophic Annotations, Maria Del Refugio Patino Cayetano, Blanca Estela Calderon Munoz

Neutrosophic Sets and Systems

Technological and polytechnic universities in Mexico revise their competency-based study plans on a multi-year cycle, and generative AI (GAI) tools are increasingly used informally by faculty to draft curriculum documents and evaluation instruments, without a published evidence base for the practice. This paper reports an exploratory, non-registered scoping search of the OpenAlex database for evidence on GAI use in curriculum and assessment design, read against four explicit propositions. What remains undocumented is narrower: authoring of curriculum or evaluation documents by GAI inside a multi-year, institutional, competency-based TVET/polytechnic revision cycle, specifically within the Textile Design and Fashion Engineering discipline.

Neutrosophic Multi-Criteria Assessment Of The Structural Performance Of Finger-Jointed Glued Laminated Timber From Five Tropical Wood Species, Maria Angelica Flores-Romayna, Victor Augusto Araujo-Abanto, David Leon-Moreno, Lenin Vladimir Vargas-Villa, Guillermo Augusto Pastor-Picon, Noe Cristian Fachin-Vargas

Neutrosophic Sets and Systems

Previous studies on finger-jointed glued laminated timber typically compare mechanical properties in isolation through classical statistical tests, which limits the ability to answer a question of greater relevance for structural design: which species most consistently retains its mechanical performance under experimental uncertainty and contradictory behavior across indicators. This study comparatively assessed the structural performance of finger-jointed glued laminated timber from five tropical forest species by integrating physical-mechanical indicators, inferential statistics and a neutrosophic CRITIC-TOPSIS multi-criteria model. The CRITIC-TOPSIS model ranked moena itauba and tornillo with the highest structural aptitude under uncertainty, results confirmed as reasonably robust by a sensitivity analysis …

Hera 2.0: Human-Governed Agentic Software Development With External Cognitive Orchestration -- An Industrial Experience Report On Ai-Dlc With Chatgpt Web As Cognitive Continuity Layer, Manuel-Enrique Puebla-Martinez

Neutrosophic Sets and Systems

The adoption of LLM-based agents in industrial software engineering has surfaced a structural problem: local agents can conduct AI-DLC workflows correctly while simultaneously pursuing incomplete or misguided problem interpretations when context is fragmented or prompts are imprecise. This experience report presents HERA 2.0, a methodology that addresses this problem through architectural separation of responsibilities: local agents perform situated execution, while ChatGPT Web acts as an external cognitive continuity layer. Evidence classification in HERA uses four operational states that naturally corresponds to the (T, I, F) structure of neutrosophic evidence degrees. An anonymized industrial case on POS-switch integration illustrates differences between …

Field-Deployable Pose Estimation For Youth Athlete Screening: A Reproducible Protocol And Its Sensitivity Limits In A Genetically Controlled Case Series, Darvin Manuel Ramirez Guerra, Christian Edison De La Torre Choque, Jorge Guiseppe Herrera Chamorro, Jordi Kevin Flores Zabaleta

Neutrosophic Sets and Systems

Smartphone pose-estimation applications promise laboratory-grade biomechanical screening at negligible cost, an attractive prospect for youth sport programmes in low-resource settings. This paper contributes a reproducible field protocol for smartphone-based postural and jump screening, and reports its behaviour on a deliberately adversarial test case: a set of sex-discordant triplets (n = 3, age 13 years) who share prenatal environment, socioeconomic context and training history. The contribution is the protocol, the fully reported case data, and an explicit statement of what a criterion-validation study against force platforms and open pose estimators would need to establish before field screening claims can be sustained.

How Much Of A Multicriteria Ranking Is The Data And How Much Is The Arithmetic? A Neutrosophic Stress Test On Stakeholder Perception Data, Leili Genoveva Lopezdominguez Rivas, Sol David Lopezdominguez Rivas, Dixie Marisol Lopezdominguez Rivas, Franklin Parrales-Bravo

Neutrosophic Sets and Systems

Multicriteria rankings computed on aggregated survey means are routinely used to allocate improvement budgets in higher education, and they are read as if the closeness coefficients were ratios of need. This paper shows, on real data, that a large part of what such a ranking reports is arithmetic rather than evidence. Using doctoral survey data on university-society engagement from two state universities in Guayaquil, Ecuador, we compare a crisp entropy-TOPSIS treatment with a single-valued neutrosophic treatment in which the indeterminacy component is measured from inter-stakeholder dissent. We report that the fine order of the ranking is not identifiable from these …

Ahp-Topsis-Based Cybersecurity Control Prioritization For Local E-Government: Integrating Cobit 2019 And Iso/Iec 27001:2022 In Ecuador, Gabriel Neptali Bailon Arcentales, Jair Andres Semblantes Pinto, Noel Batista Hernandez

Neutrosophic Sets and Systems

Local governments in Ecuador manage critical citizen services yet operate with limited cybersecurity maturity. This paper presents MPEC-GAD, a cybersecurity governance model integrating COBIT 2019 strategic alignment with ISO/IEC 27001:2022 technical controls, using AHP-TOPSIS multi-criteria prioritization. Applied to GAD Jaramijo (Manabi, Ecuador), the four decision criteria weight risk reduction, implementation cost, deployment time, and technical complexity (AHP Consistency Ratio CR = 0.0054 < 0.10). The TOPSIS ranking directs scarce resources toward the 47 mandatory EGSI controls with highest risk-reduction per investment unit. A single-round structured review by seven experts rated pertinence, viability and completeness with mean scores >=4.0/5.0.

The Gap Between Fixed And Mobile Internet Accounts In Ecuador (2010-2022): A Linear Regression Model To Characterize And Project Its Evolution, Edison Mauricio Mosquera Simbana, Victor Manuel Tapia Casa, Rommel Eduardo Ronquillo Carangui

Neutrosophic Sets and Systems

Since 2010, internet access in Ecuador has grown in markedly different ways depending on the service modality: whereas mobile accounts multiplied, fixed accounts advanced at a far more restrained pace. This article analyzes the dated observations of fixed and mobile internet accounts published by the Telecommunications Regulation and Control Agency (ARCOTEL) between December 2010 and June 2022. The fixed-account model proved almost perfect (R2 = 0.995); the mobile-account model displayed greater unexplained variability (R2 = 0.901). As a complementary layer, a neutrosophic framework (truth/indeterminacy/falsity) is applied to the consistency of the figures across sources.

How Certain Is An Institutional Research Profile? Three Undeclared Decisions, And A Neutrosophic Reading Of What They Cost, Alexis Matheu Perez, Bastian Gutierrez

Neutrosophic Sets and Systems

Institutional bibliometric profiles report Lotka's exponent, a Bradford core and a Price ratio as if they were properties of the institution. They are properties of the institution together with three decisions that the reporting almost never states: which source defines the corpus, which document types are compared, and which population of authors the laws are fitted on. This article measures what each decision is worth, using Universidad Bernardo O'Higgins (UBO, Santiago, Chile) as the case and Universidad Bolivariana del Ecuador as a control. Since the resulting uncertainty is not sampling error, we give it a place to be reported: a …

Sexual Education And Sti Prevention In High School: A Neutrosophic Analysis Of The Opportunities And Risks Of Generative Artificial Intelligence, Antonio Pioquinto Rivera, Gregorio Nunez Hernandez, Rosalinda Villa Juarez

Neutrosophic Sets and Systems

Sexually transmitted infections (STIs) remain a critical challenge during adolescence. Given the limitations of traditional sex education, generative artificial intelligence (GAI) has emerged as a personalized and anonymous consultation alternative. This study analyzes, from a neutrosophic perspective, the scientific evidence published between 2019 and 2026 on the use of GAI to strengthen STI prevention among high school students. Through a critical integrative review of thirteen reference studies, a matrix was built that classifies the findings across four dimensions (AI-mediated learning, sexual education, STI prevention, and educational equity) according to their truth (T), falsity (F), and indeterminacy (I) components. The results …

Multi-Criteria Credit Risk Prioritization In Cooperative Smes Using Ahp-Topsis: A Reproducible Pilot With Pseudonymized Data, Ramiro Javier Castillo Herrera, Dayron Rumbaut Rangel

Neutrosophic Sets and Systems

Credit risk assessment in small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) within savings and credit cooperatives presents persistent challenges due to incomplete, heterogeneous, and dispersed information. This paper reports and audits a pilot AHP-TOPSIS multi-criteria model for relative credit risk prioritization using a pseudonymized pilot dataset of seven SMEs (n=7) with active loans, implemented as a fully Excel-reproducible framework without proprietary software. AHP pairwise comparisons yield validated criterion weights (CR=0.0440 < 0.10). Results demonstrate the model's interpretability, traceability, and operational applicability for credit portfolio management in resource-constrained cooperative financial environments.

Internal Verdicts Track Evidence: A Template-Controlled Neutrosophic Reading Of Epistemic States In Large Language Models Via The Jacobian Lens, Maikel Yelandi Leyva Vazquez, Alexis Matheu Perez, Florentin Smarandache

Neutrosophic Sets and Systems

For twenty-five years, neutrosophic logic has assigned independent degrees of truth (T), indeterminacy (I), and falsity (F) to model epistemic states that classical and fuzzy semantics cannot express. All previous applications, however, measured these components on outputs: answers, judgments, expert evaluations. This paper reports, to our knowledge, the first neutrosophic reading of components inside the internal representations of a large language model. Using the recently released Jacobian lens on Qwen3.5-4B, we project intermediate-layer readouts onto lexicons of support, refutation, and hedging, obtaining layer-wise (T, I, F) profiles under three epistemic conditions (conflicting evidence, first-person false belief, factual control; n = …

Neutrosophic Sets And Systems, Vol. 101, 2026, Proceedings Of The International Conference On Artificial Intelligence, Indeterminacy, And Education, University O'Higgins, Santiago, Chile, Florentin Smarandache, Maikel Yelandi Leyva Vazquez

Neutrosophic Sets and Systems

No abstract provided.

Typed Abstention For Llm-Elicited Fuzzy Criteria In Multicriteria Transportation Decisions, Maikel Yelandi Leyva-Vazquez, Nezir Aydin

Neutrosophic Sets and Systems

Fuzzy multicriteria decision-making (MCDM) increasingly draws its criterion evaluations from large language models (LLMs), but the aggregation step typically treats these elicited judgments as interchangeable with expert opinion, with no mechanism to flag disagreement, insufficiency, or unreliable sources. We port a source-preserving, typed-abstention decision policy into fuzzy-MCDM pipelines, instantiated on a four-alternative sustainable-transportation case, and report two live pilots. Pilot 1 returns all-coherent; Pilot 2, redesigned with criteria of greater normative dependence, shows the gate firing on real disagreement. We report both pilots candidly and verify the gate's logic with synthetic unit tests.

Concepts For Supporting Indigenous And Tribal Information And Research Needs, Sharon Hausam

Faculty Publications

This is a working paper produced as part of National Science Foundation project #2115169, “Transforming Rural-Urban Systems: Trajectories for Sustainability in the Intermountain West,” known as the “Intermountain West Transformation Network” (TN), led by the University of New Mexico with institutional partners at three additional universities in New Mexico, two in Arizona, and one each in Utah, Colorado, and Washington. The TN’s Indigenous and Tribal engagement was supported through a contract with Dr. Sharon Hausam, additional work by Aaron M. Canter, coordination with Dr. Lani Tsinnajinnie, and an Advisory Committee on Indigenous Information Needs primarily comprised of Indigenous representatives in …

08-19-26 Bor Hsc Committee Meeting Agenda, Patricia Serna

HSC Committee (A subcommittee of the UNM Board of Regents)

08-19-26 BOR HSC Committee Meeting Agenda

08-19-26 Bor Hsc Committee Meeting Minutes, Patricia Serna

HSC Committee (A subcommittee of the UNM Board of Regents)

08-19-26 BOR HSC Committee Meeting Minutes

State Legislatures: Guardians Of The Federal Balance, Practical Strategies For Monitoring, Strengthening, And Sustaining American Federalism (Remarks), Christian G. Fritz

Faculty Scholarship

My remarks today are drawn from my book, Monitoring American Federalism: The History of State Legislative Resistance, and from an essay I wrote this year for the Center for the Study of Federalism about the responsibility of state legislators to sound the alarm when the federal government overreaches its constitutional authority.

08-19-26 Bor Hsc Committee Notice Of Meeting Revised, Patricia Serna

HSC Committee (A subcommittee of the UNM Board of Regents)

08-19-26 BOR HSC Committee Notice of Meeting Revised

Mountain Development In Nepal: Settlements, Infrastructure, And Economic Transformation, Keshav Bhattarai, Ambika P. Adhikari

Himalayan Research Papers Archive

As Nepal urbanizes, expands infrastructure, strengthens local governments, and explores deeper connectivity with India and China, climate change is increasing floods, landslides, heat, and water insecurity. Rapid internal migration, rising disaster risks, youth outmigration, and dependence on remittances are also revealing the limits of conventional urban development, especially in the mountainous region. The central challenge for Nepal is no longer just to accommodate growing towns and cities, but to build settlements that are safe, productive, environmentally resilient, and capable of sustaining long-term prosperity.

This paper argues that Nepal's urban future must be guided by a new development paradigm centered on …

Lessons From Tanzania’S Ujamaa For Smart Settlements In Nepal: Social Justice And Economic Development, Keshav Bhattarai, Ambika P. Adhikari

Himalayan Research Papers Archive

Nepal’s constitutional commitment to a “socialism-oriented” state places social justice, equitable access to resources and housing, and protection of marginalized populations at the center of national development discourse. However, persistent landlessness, informal settlements, unemployment, youth outmigration, and unequal access to infrastructure reveal a significant gap between constitutional aspirations and socioeconomic realities.

This article examines lessons Nepal can draw from Tanzania’s experience with Ujamaa, the African socialist development model initiated by President Nyerere in 1967. Using comparative policy analysis, published research, official documents, and exploratory field observations from selected Tanzanian locations, including the capital and villages in the Iringa Region, the …

08-19-26 Bor Hsc Committee Notice Of Meeting, Patricia Serna

HSC Committee (A subcommittee of the UNM Board of Regents)

08-19-26 BOR HSC Committee Notice of Meeting

Unm Pathology, Pathfinder Summer 2026, Unm Department Of Pathology

Newsletters

No abstract provided.

Indigenous Community Research Opportunities, Sharon Hausam, Aaron M. Canter

Faculty Publications

This is a working paper produced as part of National Science Foundation project #2115169, “Transforming Rural-Urban Systems: Trajectories for Sustainability in the Intermountain West,” known as the “Intermountain West Transformation Network” (TN), led by the University of New Mexico with institutional partners at three additional universities in New Mexico, two in Arizona, and one each in Utah, Colorado, and Washington. The TN’s Indigenous and Tribal engagement was supported through a contract with Dr. Sharon Hausam, additional work by Aaron M. Canter, coordination with Dr. Lani Tsinnajinnie, and an Advisory Committee on Indigenous Information Needs primarily comprised of Indigenous representatives in …