Digital Commons Network^™

Bow Lake (Station 1 - Ledges) 2020 Water Quality Highlight Report, Robert Craycraft

UNH Cooperative Extension

A Water Quality Highlight Report by UNH CE Lakes Lay Monitoring Program for Bow Lake, Station - 1 Ledges (Barrington and Northwood, NH) for 2020.

It Security Policy Compliance: A University Perspective, Jack D. Barnes

Honors Theses and Capstones

No abstract provided.

President Trump’S Manipulation Of Digital Rhetoric To Maintain His Presidential Status During The 2020 Election, Elena Renee Gregory

Honors Theses and Capstones

Rhetoric is the driving force fueling every persuasive, informative speech or message relayed by an individual or institution. It has had a momentous influence and effect on our world history and the way that events of both positive and detrimental value have unfolded within the timeline of human existence. As society and our world have advanced, so have our discoveries and usage of technology. In order to assimilate to these advancements however, society has inevitably found new ways to integrate everyday actions with the technology that has been created. This unification has brought forth a new wave of technological platforms …

Searching For The Common Suprathermal Power Law Tail In Parker Solar Probe's Isois Data, Asher S. Merrill

Honors Theses and Capstones

Results from the Advanced Composition Explorer (ACE) and the Ulysses spacecraft suggested the existence of a pervasive power-law spectrum of suprathermal ions in the solar wind with a spectral index of -3/2. This distribution is of particular interest to humanity because the suprathermal ions it describes can serve as the seed population for large, destructive events that can harm ground- and air-based equipment. It has been suggested that various statistical mechanisms can produce the observed spectrum, however the underlying physical phenomena are not yet known. The spectrum of suprathermal ions is relatively unstudied closer to the Sun than 1 au. …

Decreasing Uncertainty In Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Measurements Through The Application Of Pappus Chains, Ryan Williams

Honors Theses and Capstones

To make further advancements in nuclear polarization, the Dynamic Nuclear Polarization Group at the University of New Hampshire requires an accurate measurement of the polarization of their materials. Through a non-traditional method of data analysis, the uncertainty in this polarization measurement via Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) was reduced. To extract the polarization, we measure an NMR signal through the real impedance of our circuitry, whose area is proportional to the polarization. However, our signal size depends on how in-tune our circuitry is with a specific frequency, with the signal growing smaller the less in-tune it becomes. A new method of …

Pesticide Seed Treatments Containing Neonicotinoids Have Limited Effect On Soil Microbial Community Structure Under Different Tillage Regimes, Jessica E. Mackay, Richard G. Smith, Jessica G. Ernakovich, Lukas T. Bernhardt

Faculty Publications

Pesticide seed treatments (PST) which contain fungicides and insecticides are commonly used in agriculture; however, little is known about their effect on soil microbial communities and soil health. Neonicotinoids – controversial insecticides which are common in PST – have received criticism due to potential non-target effects. While fungal pathogens need to be moderated, PST have the potential to disturb broader fungal communities which could lead to reduced nutrient cycling and poor soil health. Given the broad use of PST, their effect on soil fungi needs to be studied within the context of other agricultural management practices. For example, tillage regimes …

Assessing The Performance Of Euhforia Modeling The Background Solar Wind, Jurgen Hinterreiter, Jasmina Magdalenic, Manuela Temmer, Christine Verbeke, Immanuel Christopher Jebaraj, Evangelina Samara, Eleanna Asvestari, Stefaan Poedts, Jens Pomoell, Emilia Kilpua, Luciano Rodriguez, Camilla Scolini, Alexey Isavnin

Coronal Mass Ejection Research Group

In order to address the growing need for more accurate space-weather predictions, a new model named EUHFORIA (EUropean Heliospheric FORecasting Information Asset) was recently developed. We present the first results of the performance assessment for the solar-wind modeling with EUHFORIA and identify possible limitations of its present setup. Using the basic EUHFORIA 1.0.4 model setup with the default input parameters, we modeled background solar wind (no coronal mass ejections) and compared the obtained results with Advanced Composition Explorer (ACE) in-situ measurements. For the purposes of statistical study we developed a technique of combining daily EUHFORIA runs into continuous time series. …

2020 Comprehensive Conservation And Management Plan: Climate Change Vulnerability Assessment, Ivy Mlsna

PREP Reports & Publications

The Piscataqua Region Estuaries Partnership (PREP), one of 28 National Estuary Programs supported by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), is updating their Comprehensive Conservation and Management Plan (CCMP) for the 2020-2030 timeframe. A broad, risk-based, qualitative, planning-level climate change vulnerability assessment was conducted concurrent with this update, as directed by the Funding Guidance for this program.

The Dissertation: Nobody Gets Here Alone, Lily Greenberg

UNH Today Archive

No abstract provided.

Fall 2019, International Alumnus Thomas Kroll, Unh Global Education Center

UNH International Educator Newsletter

No abstract provided.

Fall 2019, In Case You Missed It, Unh Global Education Center

UNH International Educator Newsletter

No abstract provided.

Seeing Beauty In Math, Jody Record

UNH Today Archive

No abstract provided.

The New Hampshire, Vol. 109 [110], No. 07 (Oct. 10, 2019), The New Hampshire

The New Hampshire Print Edition

An independent student produced newspaper from the University of New Hampshire. This volume was printed as 109, but it is the 110th volume in the series.

Affirming Potential, Jody Record

UNH Today Archive

No abstract provided.

The New Hampshire, Vol. 109 [110], No. 03 (Sep. 12, 2019), The New Hampshire

The New Hampshire Print Edition

An independent student produced newspaper from the University of New Hampshire. This volume was printed as 109, but it is the 110th volume in the series.

Summer At The Stem Lab Through The Eyes Of An Intern, Unh Communications And Public Affairs

UNH Today Archive

No abstract provided.

Small Soil C Cycle Responses To Three Years Of Cover Crops In Maize Cropping Systems, Anna M. Cates, Matthew D. Ruark, A. Stuart Grandy, Randall D. Jackson

Faculty Publications

Cover crops are touted for their ability to improve many ecosystem functions in annual cropping systems. In addition to water and nutrient retention, cover crops may influence C cycling by increasing total C inputs to the agroecosystem, stimulating microbial populations, altering main crop residue decomposition rate, or changing litter chemistry over time. We assessed whether annual (rye) or perennial (bluegrass) cover crops in maize cropping systems influenced maize residue decomposition (litterbags) or microbial communities (shotgun metagenomics) in soil and litter, and whether these cover crops had an effect on microbially active pools of C: particulate organic matter (POM) C and …

Simulation And Balloon-Borne Observation Of Energetic Radiation And Electromagnetic Fields From Thunderstorms And Lightning, Mahdi Bagheri

Doctoral Dissertations

With more than 250 years after Benjamin Franklin’s experiments, we still do not know how lightning works at the most fundamental levels. Recently, observations of high energy radiations produced during lightning activities, such as TGFs, X-rays and Gamma-ray Glows, have opened a new path for the study of lightning-related phenomena known as High-Energy Atmospheric Physics. TGFs are short and bright bursts of gamma rays associated with the early stages of positive intra-cloud lightning, while gamma-ray glows are long lasting emissions of gamma rays which would be terminated by the occurrence of lightning flash. It has been suggested that these radiations …

Study Of Post-Necking Hardening Identification And Deformation-Induced Surface Roughening Of Metals, Pavlo Knysh

Doctoral Dissertations

This thesis covers topics at two fundamental scales at which plastic deformation is occurring – macroscopic and microscopic.

The first topic is related to the localization of deformation and subsequent necking that happens in metals during deformation, e.g., sheet metal during forming. The open fundamental question is – what happens to the material properties inside of the localized region. The localization process is very challenging to analyze, even using a conventional tension test since several effects such as material hardening as well as effects of strain-rate and temperature are strongly coupled. In this thesis we propose a novel approach that …

On Non-Commutative Continuous Functions And Asymptotic Symmetric Gauge Norms, Shayathorn Wanasawat

Doctoral Dissertations

This dissertation has two parts. The first part deals with Don Hadwin’s non-commutative continuous functions of countably many variables and shows that every separable C^∗-algebra can be described in terms of countably many generators x_1, x_2, ... and a single relation \varphi’(x_1, x_2, ...) = 0 where \varphi is a non-commutative continuous function. The second involves representation of operator algebras on spaces of Banach space valued measurable functions and groups of measure preserving transformations. The main emphasis concerns describing asymptotic norms based on symmetric gauge norms on L^\infty[0,1]

Invariant Operator Ranges And Similarity Dominance In Banach And Von Neumann Algebras, Ali Zarringhalam

Doctoral Dissertations

\begin{Abstractpage}

\setlength{\baselineskip}{1.5\baselineskip} { Suppose $\mathcal{M}$ is a von Neumann algebra. An \textbf{operator range in

}$\mathcal{M}$ is the range of an operator in $\mathcal{M}$. When

$\mathcal{M}=B\left( H\right) $, the algebra of operators on a Hilbert space

$H$, R. Douglas and C. Foia\c{s} proved that if $S,T\in B\left( H\right) $,

and $T$ is not algebraic, and if $S$ leaves invariant every $T$-invariant

operator range, then $S=f\left( T\right) $ for some entire function $f$.

In the first part of this thesis, we prove versions of this result when $B\left( H\right) $ is replaced with a

factor von Neumann algebra $\mathcal{M}$ and $T$ is …

Long-Term Forest Growth And Decadal Soil Chemistry Change Across The White Mountain National Forest, Olivia L. Fraser

Doctoral Dissertations

Forest ecosystems are subject to a variety of stressors including human land use, air pollution and climate change. A challenge for detecting temporal change, however, is disentangling heterogeneity at multiple spatial scales. Therefore, we need a better understanding of the mechanisms influencing forest growth and soil formation, how to improve existing long-term sample designs, and quantify variability at multiple spatial scales. Identifying the areal extent of bedrock outcrops and shallow soils has important implications in understanding the spatial dynamics of surrounding vegetation, stream chemistry gradients, and soil properties. Manual methods of delineating bedrock outcrops and associated shallow soil are still …

Physics And Modeling Of Turbulent Advective Transport In Turbulent Boundary Layers, Juan Carlos Cuevas Bautista

Doctoral Dissertations

\setlength{\baselineskip}{1.5\baselineskip} {Recent studies reveal that at large friction Reynolds number $\delta^+ = u_{\tau}\delta/\nu$ the inertially dominated region of the turbulent boundary layer is composed of large-scale zones of nearly uniform momentum segregated by narrow fissures of concentrated vorticity. Here $u_{\tau} = \sqrt{\tau_{\omega}/\rho}$, where $\tau_{\omega}$ is the shear stress at the wall and $\rho$ the fluid density, $\delta$ is the boundary layer thickness and $\nu$ is the kinematic viscosity of the fluid. The aim of this thesis is better understand the role of this binary structure with respect to the wall-normal transport of momentum and heat in turbulent boundary layers at …

High-Frequency Motion Residuals In Multibeam Echosounder Data: Analysis And Estimation, Brandon Andrew Maingot

Master's Theses and Capstones

Advances in multibeam sonar mapping and data visualization have increasingly brought to light the subtle integration errors remaining in bathymetric datasets. Traditional field calibration procedures, such as the patch test, just account for static orientation bias and sonar-to-position latency. This, however, ignores the generally subtler integration problems that generate time-varying depth errors.

Such dynamic depth errors are the result of an unknown offset in one or more of orientation, space, sound speed or time between the sonar and ancillary sensors. Such errors are systematic, and thus should be predictable, based on their relationship between the input data and integrated output. …

Flow Around Bluff Bodies With Corner Modifications On Cross-Sections, Rujun Liu

Master's Theses and Capstones

This research aims to illustrate how the flow around a cylinder changes when the cylinder’s cross-section is systematically changed from square to circle by modifying the corner radius.

Numerous research studies have been performed on the flow around circular cylinders and square cylinders leading to a relatively complete understanding of them. In the early 20th century, von Kármán and Rubach described the theoretical basis and provided an analytical solution to the flow around circular cylinders at low Reynolds number. Later, experiments on the flow around square cylinders were conducted by Nakaguchi, Bearman, and other researchers. However, until now, only a …

Total Vertical Uncertainty (Tvu) Modeling For Topo-Bathymetric Lidar Systems, Firat Eren, Jaehoon Jung, Christopher E. Parrish, Nicholas Sarkozi-Forfinski, Brian R. Calder

Center for Coastal and Ocean Mapping

This paper presents a comprehensive total vertical uncertainty (TVU) model for topo-bathymetric Light Detection and Ranging (LIDAR) systems. The TVU model consists of a combination of analytical uncertainty propagation for the subaerial (above water) portion and Monte Carlo simulation models for the subaqueous portion (water surface to seafloor). The TVU model was tested on a topo-bathymetric LIDAR data set collected by National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration's National Geodetic Survey (NGS) in Southwest Florida, U.S., in May 2016 using a Riegl VQ-880-G topo-bathymetric LIDARsystem. The TVU values were compared against the empirical standard deviation and were found to capture the variability …

Observing The Oceans Acoustically, Bruce M. Howe, Jennifer L. Miksis-Olds, Eric Rehm, Hanne Sagen, Peter F. Worcester, Georgios Haralabus

Center for Coastal and Ocean Mapping

Acoustics play a central role in humankind’s interactions with the ocean and the life within. Passive listening to ocean “soundscapes” informs us about the physical and bio-acoustic environment from earthquakes to communication between fish. Active acoustic probing of the environment informs us about ocean topography, currents and temperature, and abundance and type of marine life vital to fisheries and biodiversity related interests. The two together in a multi-purpose network can lead to discovery and improve understanding of ocean ecosystem health and biodiversity, climate variability and change, and marine hazards and maritime safety. Passive acoustic monitoring (PAM) of sound generated and …

What To Do With Dams: An Assessment Of Public Opinion To Inform The Debate In New Hampshire, Natallia Leuchanka Diessner, Catherine M. Ashcraft, Kevin H. Gardner, Lawrence C. Hamilton

Carsey Publications

Many of New Hampshire’s dams are reaching the end of their lifespan and require expensive maintenance or removal in order to meet safety standards. While engineers and public officials struggle with the scale of the challenge surrounding various dam management alternatives, including removal, what does the New Hampshire public think? In this brief, authors Natallia Leuchanka, Catherine Ashcraft, Kevin Gardner, and Lawrence Hamilton present results from statewide surveys in New Hampshire that explore public views about dam removal. They report that a majority of respondents in three Granite State Polls prefer to remove dams when the alternative is to keep …

From Sweden To New England: Measuring Ghg Emissions In Wetlands, Lily Greenberg

UNH Today Archive

No abstract provided.

Agriculture, Ecosystems & Environment, William A. Arigiroff, Donald R. Zak, Rima A. Upchurch, Sydney O. Salley, A. Stuart Grandy

Faculty Publications

Fine root litter is a primary source of soil organic matter (SOM), which is a globally important pool of C that is responsive to climate change. We previously established that ~20 years of experimental nitrogen (N) deposition has slowed fine root decay and increased the storage of soil carbon (C; +18%) across a widespread northern hardwood forest ecosystem. However, the microbial mechanisms that have directly slowed fine root decay are unknown. Here, we show that experimental N deposition has decreased the relative abundance of Agaricales fungi (−31%) and increased that of partially ligninolytic Actinobacteria (+24%) on decaying fine roots. Moreover, …