Digital Commons Network^™

Biden's Victory Due To Increased Support Along The Entire Rural-Urban Continuum, Kenneth M. Johnson, Dante Scala

Carsey Publications

Joseph Biden won the 2020 presidential election because Democratic support increased across the entire rural–urban continuum. The incremental gains at each point along the continuum were modest, but in a tightly contested election small changes in the vote matter.

In this brief, Carsey School senior demographer Ken Johnson and Carsey fellow Dante Scala conclude that voting trends in rural and urban America reflect a continuum rather than a dichotomy. At one pole of the continuum are large, densely settled urban cores, where Democrats have consistently been the most successful. At the other end are remote rural counties far from a …

Two Kinds Of Polar Knowledge, Lawrence C. Hamilton

Faculty Publications

Outreach and communication with the public have substantial value in polar research, in which studies often find changes of global importance that are happening far out of sight from the majority of people living at lower latitudes. Seeking evidence on the effectiveness of outreach programs, the U.S. National Science Foundation sponsored large-scale survey assessments before and after the International Polar Year in 2007/2008. Polar-knowledge questions have subsequently been tested and refined through other nationwide and regional surveys. More than a decade of such work has established that basic but fairly specific knowledge questions, with all answer choices sounding plausible but …

Collaborative To The Core, Maria Emanuel

UNH Today Archive

No abstract provided.

Voting And Attitudes Along The Red Rural–Blue Urban Continuum, Kenneth M. Johnson, Dante Scala

Carsey Publications

Political commentary often divides the nation into two partisan zones, urban and rural, but new analysis demonstrates that the rural–urban gradient is a continuum, not a dichotomy. In this study of the 2018 congressional midterms, authors Kenneth Johnson and Dante Scala confirm their earlier analysis of the 2016 presidential election and demonstrate how voting patterns and political attitudes vary across the spectrum of urban and rural areas.

Coordinated River Infrastructure Decisions Improve Net Social-Ecological Benefits, Samuel G. Roy, Adam Daigneault, Joseph Zydlewski, Allison Truhlar, Sean Smith, Shaleen Jain, David Hart

New Hampshire EPSCoR

We explore the social, ecological, economic, and technical dimensions of sustainable river infrastructure development and the potential benefits of coordinating decisions such as dam removal and stream crossing improvement. Dam removal is common practice for restoring river habitat connectivity and ecosystem health. However, stream crossings such as culverts are often 15 times more abundant than dams and may pose similar ecological impacts. Using multi-objective optimization for a model system of 6100 dams and culverts in Maine, USA, we demonstrate substantial benefit-cost improvements provided by coordinating habitat connectivity decisions. Benefit-cost efficiency improves by two orders of magnitude when coordinating more decisions …

Surveys Find "Two Kinds" Of Public Knowledge About Polar Regions, Lawrence C. Hamilton

Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

Kidogo: Addressing The Childcare Needs Of Low-Income Families In East Africa, Jill Howard, Fiona Wilson, E. Hachemi Aliouche

Carsey Publications

In this white paper, authors Jill Howard, Fiona Wilson, and E. Hachemi Aliouche explore how Kidogo, an innovative East African social enterprise, is harnessing the power of social sector franchising. By discussing Kidogo’s combination of best-practice early childhood Centres of Excellence with a social franchising method that supports the quality improvement and growth of local childcare micro-businesses, the authors provide insight into Kidogo’s expansion and success and look forward to the future of the organization.

The Corona Virus And The Constitution, Unh Communications And Public Affairs

UNH Today Archive

No abstract provided.

Transfer Mentor Spotlight: Sean Desautelle '21, Kassidy Taylor

UNH Today Archive

No abstract provided.

Dialéctica De La Mirada Y La Voz, Octavio Paz: El Poeta Junto Al Fotógrafo, Daniel Chavez

Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

More Than Maps, Rebecca Irelan

UNH Today Archive

No abstract provided.

Covid-19 Didn't Create A Child Care Crisis, But Hastened And Inflamed It, Jess Carson, Marybeth J. Mattingly

Carsey Publications

In this Carsey Perspective, authors Jess Carson and Marybeth Mattingly describe the ways that the COVID-19 pandemic has strained the nation’s already-fragile early childhood care systems.

Child care providers are struggling to address revenue losses associated with closures, fewer enrollments, and new safety guidelines. Meanwhile, demand for formal child care is shifting in yet-unknown ways, with unemployment, telework, uncertain school reopenings for older children, and health-related concerns all playing a part.

The authors conclude that the child care system requires significant policy support to regain lost footage, but encourage policymakers to utilize the pandemic’s disruption as an opportunity to rebuild …

Scientific Challenges And Present Capabilities In Underwater Robotic Vehicle Design And Navigation For Oceanographic Exploration Under-Ice, Laughlin D. L. Barker, Michael V. Jakuba, Andrew D. Bowen, Christopher R. German, Ted Maksym, Larry A. Mayer, Antje Boetius, Pierre Dutrieux, Louis L. Whitcomb

Center for Coastal and Ocean Mapping

This paper reviews the scientific motivation and challenges, development, and use of underwater robotic vehicles designed for use in ice-covered waters, with special attention paid to the navigation systems employed for under-ice deployments. Scientific needs for routine access under fixed and moving ice by underwater robotic vehicles are reviewed in the contexts of geology and geophysics, biology, sea ice and climate, ice shelves, and seafloor mapping. The challenges of under-ice vehicle design and navigation are summarized. The paper reviews all known under-ice robotic vehicles and their associated navigation systems, categorizing them by vehicle type (tethered, untethered, hybrid, and glider) and …

Sociopolitical Silos: Environmental Views And The Multiplicative Effect Of Same-Party Friends, Lawrence C. Hamilton, Joel Hartter, Curt Grimm

Faculty Publications

Analysis of climate and other environmental questions on three regional survey projects conducted over 2017–2020 (9,000+ interviews) elaborate on the well-known importance of political factors by adding support for three newer propositions. First, strength of political identification predicts climate-change views within the ranks of conservatives but not within ranks of liberals, evidence that conservatives’ climate-change views are more politically determined. Second, factor analysis suggests that climate-change beliefs meet statistical criteria for being an indicator of sociopolitical identity, alongside the traditional indicators of ideology and party, or the newer one of Trump support. This result calls for caution interpreting models that …

Decomposability Of Soil Organic Matter Over Time: The Soil Incubation Database (Sidb, Version 1.0) And Guidance For Incubation Procedures, Christina Schadel, Jeffrey Beem-Miller, Mina Aziz Rad, Susan E. Crow, Caitlin E. Hicks Pries, Jessica G. Ernakovich, Alison M. Hoyt, Alain Plante, Shane Stoner, Claire C. Treat, Carlos A. Sierra

Faculty Publications

The magnitude of carbon (C) loss to the atmosphere via microbial decomposition is a function of the amount of C stored in soils, the quality of the organic matter, and physical, chemical, and biological factors that comprise the environment for decomposition. The decomposability of C is commonly assessed by laboratory soil incubation studies that measure greenhouse gases mineralized from soils under controlled conditions. Here, we introduce the Soil Incubation Database (SIDb) version 1.0, a compilation of time series data from incubations, structured into a new, publicly available, open-access database of C flux (carbon dioxide, CO2, or methane, CH4). In addition, …

Revisiting And Confronting The Federal Judiciary Capacity “Crisis”: Charting A Path For Federal Judiciary Reform, Ryan G. Vacca, Peter S. Menell

Law Faculty Scholarship

[excerpt] "This Article revisits and confronts the growing caseload and congestion problems plaguing the federal judiciary. It begins by tracing the history and political economy surrounding judiciary reform. It then updates data on caseloads, processing times, certiorari petitions, en banc review, and other measures of judicial performance, revealing expanding caseloads and growing complexity and fragmentation of federal law. Part III explores the political, institutional, and human causes of the logjam over judiciary reform and offers an antidote: a commission tasked with developing a judiciary reform act that would not go into effect until 2030. The “2030 Commission” members would …

I’Ll Be Dammed! Public Preferences Regarding Dam Removal In New Hampshire (Pre-Print), Natallia Leuchanka Diessner, Catherine Ashcraft, Kevin H. Gardner, Lawrence C. Hamilton

New Hampshire EPSCoR

Decisions about dams, like other environmental conflicts, involve complex tradeoffs between different water uses with varying human and ecological impacts, have significant impacts on public resources and involve many stakeholders with diverse and often conflicting interests. Given the many upcoming dam decisions in New England and across the United States of America, an improved understanding of public preferences about dam decisions is needed to steward resources in the public interest. This research asks (1) What does the public want to see happen with dams?, and (2) Do demographic factors influence public preferences for dam decisions? This paper analyzes data from …

Understanding And Improving Model Representation Of Aerosol Optical Properties For A Chinese Haze Event Measured During Korus-Aq, Pablo E. Saide, Meng Gao, Zifeng Lu, Daniel L. Goldberg, David G. Streets, Jung-Hun Woo, Andreas Beyersdorf, Chelsea A. Corr, Kenneth L. Thornhill, Bruce Anderson, Johnathan W. Hair, Amin R. Nehrir, Glenn S. Diskin, Jose L. Jimenez, Benjamin A. Nault, Pedro Campuzano-Jost, Jack E. Dibb, Eric Heim, Kara D. Lamb, Joshua P. Schwarz, Anne E. Perring, Jhoon Kim, Myungje Choi, Brent Holben, Gabriele Pfister, Alma Hodzic, Gregory R. Carmichael, Louisa Emmons, James H. Crawford

Faculty Publications

KORUS-AQ was an international cooperative air quality field study in South Korea that measured local and remote sources of air pollution affecting the Korean Peninsula during May–June 2016. Some of the largest aerosol mass concentrations were measured during a Chinese haze transport event (24 May). Air quality forecasts using the WRF-Chem model with aerosol optical depth (AOD) data assimilation captured AOD during this pollution episode but overpredicted surface particulate matter concentrations in South Korea, especially PM2.5, often by a factor of 2 or larger. Analysis revealed multiple sources of model deficiency related to the calculation of optical properties from aerosol …

Heavy Metals In The Arctic: Distribution And Enrichment Of Five Metals In Alaskan Soils, Clarice R. Perryman, Jochen Wirsing, Kathryn A. Bennett, Owen Brennick, Apryl L. Perry, Nicole Williamson, Jessica G. Ernakovich

Faculty Publications

Metal contamination of food and water resources is a known public health issue in Arctic and sub-Arctic communities due to the proximity of many communities to mining and drilling sites. In addition, permafrost thaw may release heavy metals sequestered in previously frozen soils, potentially contaminating food and water resources by increasing the concentration of metals in freshwater, plants, and wildlife. Here we assess the enrichment of selected heavy metals in Alaskan soils by synthesizing publicly available data of soil metal concentrations. We analyzed data of soil concentrations of arsenic, chromium, mercury, nickel, and lead from over 1,000 samples available through …

Finding The Story, Unh Communications And Public Affairs

UNH Today Archive

No abstract provided.

The Impact Of Fine Scale Drivers On Upwelling Processes, David Kenward

Doctoral Dissertations

Ionospheric upwelling and outflow are large-scale processes which affect the dynamics of the greater magnetosphere-ionosphere-thermosphere system. Though these terms historically refer to the propensity of ions to increase in scale height and escape Earth's gravity due to a the collective effect of energization processes; that same behaviour is frequently observed to occur with neutral species within the cusp regions of the ionosphere. Although many different driving mechanisms have been identified which contribute to the energization and increase in scale height of the ionosphere, the relative energy budget of these individual drivers is debated. In this dissertation, data from the Rocket …

Indefinable Forces: How Teachers Negotiate Narratives Of Ability And Inclusivity While Applying Universal Design For Learning, Beth S. Fornauf

Doctoral Dissertations

Despite efforts of educators and advocates to include students with labeled disabilities in all aspects of public education, many are segregated, deprived of interactions with peers, and offered content lacking in rigor and relevance. In one New England state, public schools have the opportunity to participate in a statewide initiative that aims to combat such exclusion, and make learning more effective for all through Universal Design for Learning (UDL). UDL is a pedagogical framework focused on the design of instructional materials, methods, and environments to optimize teaching and learning for all students. This ethnographic case study explores how educators applying …

"Homesick For Something That's Never Going To Be Again": Redefining Identity And Community After The Camp Fire, Adrienne Brown

Master's Theses and Capstones

In the context of rapid environmental change and more frequent and severe natural disasters, it is imperative that we understand the impact these disasters have on affected communities, particularly the effects they have on residents’ relationships to both their physical and social worlds. To do this, I conducted twenty-four in-depth qualitative interviews with residents of Paradise and surrounding impacted communities following the 2018 Camp Fire, which destroyed roughly 95% of the town and was California’s most destructive wildfire to date. I present findings from these interviews in three stages: during the fire itself, during the short-term response, and finally looking …

Sword And Spirit: Ukrainian Greek Catholicism And Nationalism Between 1918 And 1945, Hayden Proborowski

Master's Theses and Capstones

Religious nationalism, defined as the integration of civic and religious identities, was a popular vehicle for national struggle in eastern European countries like Poland and Romania during the interwar period through Catholicism and Orthodoxy. While some countries experience strong religious nationalist movements, others appear to be weaker. This research uses the case study of the Ukrainian independence movement, which experienced attempts to meld the Greek Catholic identity with nationalist causes between 1918 and 1945, to test which factors are relevant in forming a religious nationalism. This research explores the ability and effectiveness of the Ukrainian Greek Catholic Church and Ukrainian …

Testing, Testing, Keith Testa

UNH Today Archive

No abstract provided.

Planning For Project Echo In New Hampshire, Jeanne Ryer Edd, Kelsi M. West, Erica-Lyn Plante, Ruth James, Patrick Miller, Kathleen Thies, Marcy A. Doyle, H. Chris White, Amy Costello, Marguerite Corvini, Josephine B. Porter

All Materials

Assuring a healthy New Hampshire requires making sure that all of the state’s residents can get the right care in the right place at the right time. Yet, access to timely, effective health care is not always a given in our state, especially for vulnerable populations. Health and community care workforce shortages, long distances to care, and social, economic, and cultural barriers make accessing care challenging for many.

The Project ECHO Model™ is an evidence-based method using web-based teleconferencing to link specialist teams with community-based sites to help community providers improve their ability to manage complex conditions. It has been …

Arctic Connections, Rebecca Irelan

UNH Today Archive

No abstract provided.

'How To' Guide For Synthesizing Nerrs Marsh Monitoring Data, David M. Burdick

Jackson Estuarine Laboratory

The purpose of this guide is to provide a user-friendly and informative guide on ‘How to’ synthesize salt marsh data from theNational Estuarine Research Reserve System (NERRs). In this guide, we outline and detail the steps taken from requesting/cataloguing data to summarizing these data through visual and statistical analysis. These methods can be used at a single or multiple site(s) as well as over multiple years. Though this guide is specific to NERRs and focuses on plant community data, it may also be useful for other monitoring parameters and programs to guide protocol design and analyses. Here, we conduct a …

City Of Rochester, New Hampshire Annual Report Fiscal Year July 1, 2019 Through June 30, 2020., Rochester Town Representatives

Rochester, NH Annual Reports

This is an annual report containing vital statistics for a town/city in the state of New Hampshire.

2020 Year In Review: A Celebration Of Early Childhood In The Granite State, Nh Preschool Development Grant

Preschool Development Grant

No abstract provided.