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Test 1218: Case 1570 Diesel, Nebraska Tractor Test Lab

Nebraska Tractor Tests

EXPLANATION OF THE TEST PROCEDURE General Tractors are tested at the University of Nebraska according to the Agricultural Tractor Test Code approved by the American Society of Agricultural Engineers and the Society of Automotive Engineers or official Nebraska test procedure. The manufacturer selects the tractor to be tested and certifies that it is a stock model. Each tractor is equipped with the common power consuming accessories such as power steering, power lift pump, generator, etc., if available. Power consuming accessories may be disconnected only when the means for disconnecting can be reached from the operating station. An official representative of …

Test 1223: Ford 4600 Diesel 8-Speed, Nebraska Tractor Test Lab

Nebraska Tractor Tests

EXPLANATION OF THE TEST PROCEDURE General Tractors are tested at the University of Nebraska according to the Agricultural Tractor Test Code approved by the American Society of Agricultural Engineers and the Society of Automotive Engineers or official Nebraska test procedure. The manufacturer selects the tractor to be tested and certifies that it is a stock model. Each tractor is equipped with the common power consuming accessories such as power steering, power lift pump, generator, etc., if available. Power consuming accessories may be disconnected only when the means for disconnecting can be reached from the operating station. An official representative of …

New Records Of Native And Introduced Plants From Nebraska, Steven P. Churchill, Robert B. Kaul, David M. Sutherland

Transactions of the Nebraska Academy of Sciences and Affiliated Societies

Recent field work in Nebraska by staff of the University of Nebraska Herbarium has produced a number of records of previously uncollected specimens and has confirmed the presence of species collected only a few times long ago. Some of the records are of American species which are indigenous to Nebraska or which have recently spread to the state, while other records are of foreign species which are thoroughly established in the wild. Some of these are potentially serious weeds, though none have reached that stage yet.

All specimens cited are deposited in the University Herbarium in Nebraska Hall, Lincoln, except …

Limnetic Microcrustacea Of Some Flood Control Reservoirs In Southeastern Nebraska, G.R. Helzer, G.L. Hergenrader

Transactions of the Nebraska Academy of Sciences and Affiliated Societies

Limnetic microcrustacean communities of 5 flood control reservoirs in the Salt Valley Watershed of Southeastern Nebraska were studied from June 1968 to January 1970. The average community during summer was comprised of 3.2 c1adoceran and 2.4 copepod species. Cladoceran densities usually exceeded those of the copepods. Bosmina longirostris was found in the more productive reservoirs while Bosmina coregoni inhabited the light-limited, nonproductive reservoirs. Congeneneric occurrences of Diaptomus species were common in three of the five reservoirs. Congeneric Daphnia occurrences were found on 61 percent of the sampling dates, excluding one reservoir in which only one species of Daphnia was found. …

Transactions Of The Nebraska Academy Of Sciences- Introduction, John D. Lynch

Transactions of the Nebraska Academy of Sciences and Affiliated Societies

CONTENTS

Nebraska Academy of Science, officers ........................ iii

Instructions to contributors ................................. iv

ANTHROPOLOGY

BIOLOGICAL AND MEDICAL SCIENCES

EARTH SCIENCES

UNCLASSIFIED

ESTABLISHMENT OF TRANSACTIONS

NEBRASKA ACADEMY OF SCIENCES, INC.

REPRINTS

EDITOR'S CORNER

Diversity As A Tool To The Paleoecologic Study Of A Pennsylvanian Shale, Stephen Emanuel Jacobs

Transactions of the Nebraska Academy of Sciences and Affiliated Societies

The fauna of the Stull Shale Member (Upper Pennsylvanian, Virgil Series) in southeastern Nebraska and southwestern Iowa is dominated by brachiopods. The biofacies succession is largely represented by a double recurrence of the Crurithyris (Neochonetes) Assemblages, interrupted by the Crurithyris-(Productoidea Assemblages in the Middle Stull and by the Crurithyris-Low Diversity-Low Biomass Assemblage in the Upper Stull.

The Shannon-Wiener information function and some abiotic parameters (Rock color and lime content) have been used to interpret the paleoenvironment represented by each of these assemblages. Moderate diversity index values are present in the Crurithyris -(Neochonetes) Assemblages for …

Gottlob Frege's Place In The History Of Mathematics, Eckehart Kohler

Transactions of the Nebraska Academy of Sciences and Affiliated Societies

The frontiers of mathematics lie in two directions: higher towards more and more sophisticated and complicated constructions based on accepted principles and methods; and lower towards deeper and deeper foundations of the superstructure of accepted mathematics. Frege was a great pioneer on the latter frontier and single-handedly opened up a deep and rich area of research from which mathematicians and philosophers still profit. In this paper I will describe Frege's contributions to the foundations of number theory and analysis and then discuss the tenability of his program.

In a nutshell, Frege's principle goal was to reduce mathematics to logic. His …

Foundations Of Microeconomics Including A Model Of Marx's Microeconomics, Werner Leinfellner

Transactions of the Nebraska Academy of Sciences and Affiliated Societies

Foundations of a discipline, e.g. economics, means to lay bare meta-or epitheoretically the presuppositions in form of protomodels or paradigms or background knowledge together with the methodologically important hypotheses or principles which may be expressed by axioms dealing with a part of the discipline or the total field. The description of the protomodels such as ideological presuppositions, political views, religious and metaphysical basic ideas together with their influence on the discipline is often called hermeneutics, whereas the latter methodological foundation has to prove that the whole discipline can be derived classically - deductively or probabilistically- from the. given axiom, a …

Probabilistic Semantics As Applied To Euphemism, Elizabeth Leinfellner

Transactions of the Nebraska Academy of Sciences and Affiliated Societies

In natural languages there are various ways of indicating the probable character of sentences: (i) by simply adding operators like "probably," "perhaps," and so on; (ii) by using the subjunctive; (iii) by using the future tense: and (iv) by forming sentences which - intentionally or unintentionally _ do not express adequately the situation under consideration. An example for (iv) is for instance the sentence "The situation looks good" when in reality it is rather not so good. There are, of course, mixtures between (i), (ii), (iii), and (iv) possible. One of the linguistic differences between (i). (ii), and (iii) on …

Functional Analysis: Some Recent Philosophical History, David W. Paulsen

Transactions of the Nebraska Academy of Sciences and Affiliated Societies

1. Introduction. A standard treatment of functional analysis ("functionalism") among philosophers of science has recently come under attack by a new variety of "functionalist" in the philosophy of psychology.¹ Jerry Fodor, the chief proponent of this new approach, challenges the view that functional statements can be eliminated in favor of causal (nomological) statements. He supports his position by providing the outlines of a functional analysis of mental concepts which he believes illuminates the mind-body problem. In particular, Fodor holds that his version of functionalism clarifies how a materialist may avoid adherence to the reductionist thesis that mental concepts …

Relative Abundance And Habitat Preference Of Some Small Mammals In Southeastern Nebraska, Jerry A. Walker

Transactions of the Nebraska Academy of Sciences and Affiliated Societies

Several small mammal species collected from southern Lancaster and northeastern Saline Counties, Nebraska showed variations in relative abundance and habitat preference from that recorded in the literature. The masked shrew (Sorex dnereus) was found in riparian and upland communities. The western harvest mouse (Reithrodontomys megalotis) (60 per cent of all captures) was the most abundant species in the area. The meadow vole (Microtus pennsylvanicus) occurred in perennial grass upland areas, and the prairie vole (Microtus ochrogaster) was found in annual grass and forb habitats. One species of vole was found to seldom frequent the …

Direct Effects Of Wide-Area Malathion Application On Fish, Norman P. Stucky

Transactions of the Nebraska Academy of Sciences and Affiliated Societies

The primary objective of this investigation was to determine if fish mortality would result directly from a wide-area application of 561 fluid grams, technical grade malathion per hectare. This cooperative study with the Department of Entomology, University of Nebraska, was conducted in Dawson County, near Lexington, Nebraska. Field tests were conducted on two adjoining 9.94-square-kilometer areas. The area receiving spray served as the experimental area; the other area served as a control. Mortality rates were determined both for captive bluegill (Lepomis macrochirus) and for fish populations native to Buffalo Creek. Data obtained throughout the course of this study indicated …

Age Structure In A Sample Of Texoceiws (Mammalia, Antilocapridae) From Garden County, Nebraska, Mary Ann Turner

Transactions of the Nebraska Academy of Sciences and Affiliated Societies

The University of Nebraska State Museum collections include a large sample of dentitions and skeletal elements of a late Pliocene antilocaprid which Kent (1963) has referred to the species Texoceros cf. guymonensis. At least 95 individuals are represented in this sample which was collected from the University of Nebraska State Museum locality Gd-10, located in the SE¼ NE¼ sec. 29, T. 16 N., R. 44 W. Lower jaws and dentitions are the most common elements preserved in the sample.

Individuals of two other species of pronghorns have previously been aged on the basis of characters of the lower dentition. …

Nebraska Groundwater Level (Decline & Rise) And Location Of Registered Wells, 1976

Conservation and Survey Division: Faculty and Staff Publications

No abstract provided.

Water Resources Data For Nebraska Water Year 1975

Conservation and Survey Division: Faculty and Staff Publications

No abstract provided.

Prospects For Control Of Phytopathogenic Bacteria By Bacteriophages And Bacteriocins, Anne K. Vidaver

Department of Plant Pathology: Faculty Publications

The last review on bacteriophages and bacteriocins of phytopathogenic bacteria was that of Okabe & Goto (98). All but one (21) of the subsequent reviews (II, 12, 60, 94, 104) have dealt primarily with viruses and bacteriocins of bacteria other than phytopathogens. The most recent microbiological compendia that in­ clude bacteriophages and bacteriocins are of limited value for phytobacteriolo­ gists because the authors generally overlook or ignore such agents (29, 47, 77, 119). However, Adam's classic .book (4), the review by Bradley (II), and the bibliography of Raettig (102) are still of value to phytobacteriologists as are reviews dealing principally …

P-Sidon Sets And A Uniform Property, Gordon S. Woodward

Department of Mathematics: Faculty Publications

Let G be a compact abelian group with dual group Γ. Denote by L^p (E) and M (E) the usual spaces of Haar-measurable functions and bounded regular Borel measures, respectively, which are supported on the subset E of G or Γ. The Haar measure on G is normalized and its dual is the Haar measure on Γ. Let ᵩ^˰ denote the Fourier or Fourier-Stieltjes transform of the function or measure ᵩ. A subset E < Γ is said to be p-Sidon for some 1 ≤ p < 2 (not interesting for p ≥ 2) if there is an α > 0 such that ||ᵩ^{˰ …}

International Trade (Lesson #1), Robert G. Fuller

ADAPT Lessons: Physics

This lesson is intended to provide motivation for the students to appreciate the use of an International System of Units.

The students are divided into small groups, around lab tables. The measuring instruments are provided to each group. Each group is treated as a different “country.” Each country is given a different set of measuring instruments: A ruler is a colored strip of paper marked off in ten divisions. Each country is given a different length for its ruler. A liquid volume measuring cup is a colored plastic cup marked off in ten divisions. Each country has a cup with …

Binary Numbers, Melvin C. Thornton

ADAPT Lessons: Mathematics

The Binary Numbers learning cycle was created for use in the NSF-AAAS Chautauqua short course, “Science Teaching and the Development of Reasoning,” 1976-1979. The course was jointly taught by Rober G. Fuller and Melvin C. Thornton.

The content of the learning cycle concerns some basic applications of the base two number system.

Bobwhite Quail Food Habits In The Southeastern United States With A Seed Key To Important Foods, J. Larry Landers, A. Sydney Johnson

Galliformes Specialist Group and Affiliated Societies: Reports and Other Materials

A search of the literature revealed 27 studies of food habits of bobwhite quail in the southeastern United States. These include data from nearly 20 ,000 birds. In this publication all seed foods reported in these studies are listed and evaluated, and a key to important species is included. Over 650 seed foods are listed, and volume and frequency classes are given for each seed food as reported in each study. Only 78 foods comprised 1 percent or more of the food volume in one or more studies. The 45 most important foods are ranked for each physiographic province. The …

Hypothesis In British Methodological Thought: Newton To Whewell, Gary Blum

Transactions of the Nebraska Academy of Sciences and Affiliated Societies

In this paper I wish to trace the gradual breaking away from the powerful influence of Isaac Newton's views on the admissibility of hypotheses in "experimental philosophy," mainly as this break occurred in the writing of 19th century methodologists in Great Britain.

First, let us consider Newton's notion of hypothesis. The term is used in many different ways in Newton's various writings (I. B. Cohen, in Franklin & Newton, has distinguished at least 9 different senses of the word). But two major considerations are relatively clear: Newton called his science "experimental philosophy" in order to contrast it with …

The Possibility Of A Social Welfare Function, Edward D. Booth

Transactions of the Nebraska Academy of Sciences and Affiliated Societies

By a social welfare function, or "constitution," or arbitration scheme," or "conciliation policy," or "amalgamation method," or "voting procedure," is meant a rule which associates to each profile of individual preference orderings a preference ordering for the society itself. Is it possible to articulate such a social welfare function? If we demand that our social welfare function satisfy certain ethically acceptable constraints the answer to our question is not immediately obvious.

Kenneth Arrow, in his Social Choice and Individual Values, investigated the possibility of specifying a social welfare function which would satisfy certain socially desirable criteria.

Antecedent to this …

Morphological Variation In Natural Infections Of Oochoristica Bivitellobata Loewen, 1940 (Cestoidea: Anoplocephalidae), Daniel R. Brooks, Monte A. Mayes

Transactions of the Nebraska Academy of Sciences and Affiliated Societies

Three specimens of Cnemidophonls sexlineatus, the six-lined whip tail lizard, collected in the vicinity of Guide Rock and Arapahoe, Nebraska on June 20-21, 1974 were found to be infected with one, three, and fifteen specimens of Oochoristica bivitellobata Loewen, 1940. These worms exhibited variations in morphology not previously reported for the species. Worms were relaxed and killed in ice-water, fixed with AFA, stored in 70% ethanol, stained with Mayer's carmalum or Mayer's hematoxylin, and mounted in Canada balsam for study as whole mounts. Representative specimens have been deposited with the Harold W. Manter Laboratory, University of Nebraska State Museum. Measurements …

Fish Populations Of The Middle Loup River, Nebraska, Lawrence Burman

Transactions of the Nebraska Academy of Sciences and Affiliated Societies

From September 5,1970 to August 10,1971,27 species and 12,499 fish were collected from the Middle Loup River by seine. The red shiner, Notropis lutrensis, and the sand shiner, Notropis stramineus, composed 72 per cent of the total fish taken. The minnow family, Cyprinidae, composed 88 per cent of the total fish collected. Species diversity and number of species increased with the increase in the size of the river.

Introduction

Very little research has been done with fish distribution in the rivers of Nebraska. As time goes by, conditions change and so do the fish populations. Thus, it is …

The Pragmatics Of Scientific Laws, Michael A. Day

Transactions of the Nebraska Academy of Sciences and Affiliated Societies

What it is for a statement to be a scientific law has been widely discussed and debated in the philosophy of science. Not only is the question interesting in itself, but it is essential that this question be answered if a complete analysis of such things as scientific explanation and prediction are to be given. The purpose of this paper will be to put forward an analysis of the phrase "X is reasonably classified as a scientific law at time t" in such a way as to highlight certain pragmatical aspects of scientific laws while doing justice to the syntactical …

A Modified Theory Of Gravitation, Rock H. Castellano

Transactions of the Nebraska Academy of Sciences and Affiliated Societies

This paper is an approach to the problem of establishing finite limits and values for mass, energy, and force and their relation to our physical world. In view of new discoveries in astronomy and elementary particle studies, there is a need for a theory that includes possible physical limits of matter and their kinderance to cosmological numbers presently undefined. These relationships, in order to be valid or useful, must show common physical properties to both the microcosmic and macro cosmic worlds. This implies a mathematical theory which unitizes our present knowledge with new information to explain the phenomenon of our …

A Reassessment Of Olmec Preeminence In The Central Highlands Of Mexico: The El Terror Phase Of Iglesia Vieja, Morelos, Ronald A. Grennes, G.H. Coleman

Transactions of the Nebraska Academy of Sciences and Affiliated Societies

The ceramic assemblage which characterizes the enigmatic Tlatilco burials is duplicated in the stratigraphy of the EI Terror Phase at Iglesia Vieja, Morelos, where two components have been isolated and defined, one of which is found to be regional, preeminent, and pre-Olmee, rather than Olmec inspired as previously thought. Radiocarbon dates from charcoal associated with Olmed figurines and vessels are as early as those from the Olmec heartland.

The participants of the Tuxtla Gutierrez Roundtable, sponsored by the Sociedad Mexicana de Antropoligia in 1942 and precipitated by a series of spectacular archaeological discoveries by Stirling (Stirling, 1938) at Tres Zapotes …

Mach And The Principle Of Verification, Thomas Manig

Transactions of the Nebraska Academy of Sciences and Affiliated Societies

Scholars of the history of the philosophy of science take it pretty much for granted that the scientist Ernst Mach had created much of the initial thrust if not many of the central principles of logical positivism. And for the most part they are quite right in thinking so. Although, as Toulmin aptly put it, 'Mach himself was never a "logical" positivist,' Mach's radically empiricistic and anti-metaphysical orientation was sufficient to justify the feelings of indebtedness most early logical positivists had for him. Indeed, the first manifesto of the so-called "Vienna Circle" of logical positivists was published by the Viennese …

Thermal Alteration Of Quartzite From Spanish Diggings, Wyoming - A Pre-Historic Quarry, Dave Moody

Transactions of the Nebraska Academy of Sciences and Affiliated Societies

Experiments indicate that the application of heat to silica material may have aided primitive man in the manufacture of chipped-stone implements. When quartzite from Spanish Diggings is heat treated, predictable color changes occur. Using Spanish Diggings material as a model, quartzite artifacts from the Hudson-Meng site were examined in an attempt to determine if this material was thermally altered.

Archaeologists are being confronted with the problem of identifying source areas of lithic material encountered during excavation. It is now recognized that lithic materials from some archaeological sites have been altered by heat treatment (Crabtree, 1972, p.5). This may require a …

Small-Mouthed Salamander, Ambystoma Texanum (Matthes) In Nebraska, Thomas C. Perry, John P. Farney

Transactions of the Nebraska Academy of Sciences and Affiliated Societies

A single specimen of Ambystoma texanum was collected 2 mi E, 2 mi S of Falls City, Richardson County, Nebraska, on 26 October 1969. To our knowledge, this is the first specimen of this species taken in Nebraska. This specimen was collected from a sunken horse tank used as a duck blind, on an oxbow lake cut from the Nemaha river. The lake is three to four feet deep with a muddy bottom and submerged logs. Slough grass, Spartina pectinata, the dominant vegetation, was trampled extensively by cattle except around the horse tank where it was protected by a …