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Test 2190a: New Holland Workmaster 50, Nebraska Tractor Test Lab

Nebraska Tractor Tests

ABOUT THE TEST REPORT AND USE OF THE DATA The test data contained in this report are a tabulation of the results of a series of tests. Due to the restricted format of these pages, only a limited amount of data and not all of the tractor specifications are included. The full OECD report contains usually about 30 pages of data and specifications. The test data were obtained for each tractor under similar conditions and therefore, provide a means of comparison of performance based on a limited set of reported data. EXPLANATION OF THE TEST PROCEDURES Purpose The purpose of …

Test 2190: Case Ih Farmall 50a, Nebraska Tractor Test Lab

Nebraska Tractor Tests

ABOUT THE TEST REPORT AND USE OF THE DATA The test data contained in this report are a tabulation of the results of a series of tests. Due to the restricted format of these pages, only a limited amount of data and not all of the tractor specifications are included. The full OECD report contains usually about 30 pages of data and specifications. The test data were obtained for each tractor under similar conditions and therefore, provide a means of comparison of performance based on a limited set of reported data. EXPLANATION OF THE TEST PROCEDURES Purpose The purpose of …

Test 2206: Challenger Mt740, Nebraska Tractor Test Lab

Nebraska Tractor Tests

ABOUT THE TEST REPORT AND USE OF THE DATA The test data contained in this report are a tabulation of the results of a series of tests. Due to the restricted format of these pages, only a limited amount of data and not all of the tractor specifications are included. The full OECD report contains usually about 30 pages of data and specifications. The test data were obtained for each tractor under similar conditions and therefore, provide a means of comparison of performance based on a limited set of reported data. EXPLANATION OF THE TEST PROCEDURES Purpose The purpose of …

Test 2201: John Deere 6195r Autoquad-Plus, Nebraska Tractor Test Lab

Nebraska Tractor Tests

ABOUT THE TEST REPORT AND USE OF THE DATA The test data contained in this report are a tabulation of the results of a series of tests. Due to the restricted format of these pages, only a limited amount of data and not all of the tractor specifications are included. The full OECD report contains usually about 30 pages of data and specifications. The test data were obtained for each tractor under similar conditions and therefore, provide a means of comparison of performance based on a limited set of reported data. EXPLANATION OF THE TEST PROCEDURES Purpose The purpose of …

Validation Of Vulnerability Markers Of Dysfunctions In The Socioemotional Development Of Infants, Daniel Ignacio Da Silva, Débora Falleiros De Mello, Renata Ferreira Takahashi, Cody S. Hollist, Verônica De Azevedo Mazza, Maria De La Ó Ramallo Veríssimo

Department of Child, Youth, and Family Studies: Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

Gene Expression Profiles Of The Small Intestinal Mucosa Of Dogs Repeatedly Infected With The Cestode Echinococcus Multilocularis, Hirokazu Kouguchi, Takao Irie, Jun Matsumoto, Hidefumi Furuoka, Kenji Ishiwata, Ryo Nakao, Kinpei Yagi

Harold W. Manter Laboratory of Parasitology: Library Materials

The data set presented in this article is related to a previous research article entitled, The timing of worm exclusion in dogs repeatedly infected with the cestode Echinococcus multilocularis (Kouguchi et al., 2016). This article describes the genes >2 fold up- or down-regulated in the first- and repeated-infection groups compared to the healthy controls group. The gene expression profiles were generated using the Agilent-021193 Canine (V2) Gene Expression Microarray (GPL15379). The raw and normalized microarray data have been deposited with the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database under accession number GSE105098.

Arabidopsis Actin-Depolymerizing Factor3 Is Required For Controlling Aphid Feeding From The Phloem, Hossain A. Mondal, Joe Louis, Lani Archer, Monika Patel, Vamsi J. Nalam, Sujon Sarowar, Vishala Sivapalan, Douglas D. Root, Jyoti Shah

Department of Entomology: Faculty Publications

The actin cytoskeleton network has an important role in plant cell growth, division, and stress response. Actin-depolymerizing factors (ADFs) are a group of actin-binding proteins that contribute to reorganization of the actin network. Here, we show that the Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) ADF3 is required in the phloem for controlling infestation by Myzus persicae Sülzer, commonly known as the green peach aphid (GPA), which is an important phloem sap-consuming pest of more than fifty plant families. In agreement with a role for the actin-depolymerizing function of ADF3 in defense against the GPA, we show that resistance in adf3 was …

Knockdown Of The Chromatin Remodeling Gene Brahma By Rna Interference Reduces Reproductive Fitness And Lifespan In Common Bed Bug (Hemiptera: Cimicidae), Sanjay Basnet, Shripat T. Kamble

Department of Entomology: Faculty Publications

The common bed bug, Cimex lectularius L. (Hemiptera: Cimicidae) is a nuisance household pest causing significant medical and economic impacts. RNA interference (RNAi) of genes that are involved in vital physiological processes can serve as potential RNAi targets for insect control. Brahma is an ATPase subunit of a chromatin-remodeling complex involved in transcription of several genes for cellular processes, most importantly the homeotic genes. In this study, we used a microinjection technique to deliver double stranded RNA into female bed bugs. Delivery of 0.05 and 0.5 μg/insect of brahma dsRNA directly into hemocele resulted substantial reduction in oviposition. Eggs laid …

Nebraska Growers’ And Crop Consultants’ Knowledge And Implementation Of Integrated Pest Management Of Western Bean Cutworm, Westen Ray Archibald, Jeff D. Bradshaw, Douglas A. Golick, Robert J. Wright, Julie A. Peterson

Department of Entomology: Faculty Publications

Western bean cutworm (WBC), Striacosta albicosta (Smith; Lepidoptera: Noctuidae), is a native noctuid pest of corn and dry beans in North America. While this pest has expanded its range greatly in recent years, historically it has consistently caused high yield losses in western Nebraska. A survey was distributed to growers, crop consultants and other agricultural professionals to obtain information about current management practices used for WBC. Questions covered multiple topics including: demographics, scouting practices, degree-day model use, confidence in management knowledge, Bt corn use, insecticide use, and considerations for biological control. There were 95 completed responses received by email. Respondents …

The First Record Of Ooencyrtus Nezarae (Hymenoptera: Encyrtidae) On Kudzu Bug (Hemiptera: Plataspidae) In North America, Blessing Ademokoya, Rammohan Balusu, Charles Ray, Jason Mottern, Henry Fadamiro

Department of Entomology: Faculty Publications

The kudzu bug, Megacopta cribraria (F.) (Heteroptera: Plataspidae), is an invasive insect pest introduced from Asia in 2009 that poses a threat to soybeans (Glycine max [L.] Merr. [Fabales: Fabaceae]) and other legume crops in the United States. Initially discovered in Georgia, M. cribraria rapidly expanded across the southeast until 2014 when a significant decline in its population was observed across many locations. This notable decline in M. cribraria populations is attributed to the emergence of new parasitoids and pathogens in its new invasive range. So far, only a single egg parasitoid, Paratelenomus saccharalis (Dodd) (Hymenoptera: Platygastridae), is known …

Morphological And Genetic Analysis Of Four Color Morphs Of Bean Leaf Beetle, Bamphitlhi Tiroesele, Steven R. Skoda, Thomas Hunt, Donald Lee, Muhammad I. Ullah, Jaime Molina-Ochoa, John E. Foster

Department of Entomology: Faculty Publications

Bean leaf beetle (BLB), Cerotoma trifurcata (Forster; Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae), exhibits considerable color variation but little is known about the underlying genetic structure and gene flow among color phenotypes. Genetic and morphological variation among four color phenotypes—green with spots (G+S), green without spots (G-S), red with spots (R+S) and red without spots (R-S)—were analyzed using amplified fragment length polymorphisms (AFLP) and morphometrics, respectively. AFLP generated 175 markers that showed ≥80% polymorphism. Analysis of molecular variance (AMOVA) indicated that genetic variation was greatest within phenotypes (82.6–84.0%); gene flow among the four phenotypes was relatively high (N_m = 3.82). The dendrogram and …

The Interface Between Wheat And The Wheat Curl Mite, Aceria Tosichella, The Primary Vector Of Globally Important Viral Diseases, Anna Skoracka, Brian G. Rector, Gary L. Hein

Department of Entomology: Faculty Publications

Wheat production and sustainability are steadily threatened by pests and pathogens in both wealthy and developing countries. This review is focused on the wheat curl mite (WCM), Aceria tosichella, and its relationship with wheat. WCM is a major pest of wheat and other cereals and a vector of at least four damaging plant viruses (Wheat streak mosaic virus, High plains wheat mosaic virus, Brome streak mosaic virus, and Triticum mosaic virus). The WCM–virus pathosystem causes considerable yield losses worldwide and its severity increases significantly when mixed-virus infections occur. Chemical control strategies are largely ineffective because WCM occupies …

Evaluation Of Greenbug And Yellow Sugarcane Aphid Feeding Behavior On Resistant And Susceptible Switchgrass Cultivars, Kyle G. Koch, Teresa Donze-Reiner, Lisa M. Baird, Joe Louis, Keenan L. Amundsen, Gautam Sarath, Jeff Bradshaw, Tiffany Heng-Moss

Department of Entomology: Faculty Publications

Switchgrass (Panicum virgatum L.) is an emerging biofuel crop that serves as host for aphids. To discern the effects of plant age and possible resistance mechanisms, the feeding behavior of greenbugs (Schizaphis graminum Rondani.) and the yellow sugarcane aphid (Sipha flava Forbes.) was monitored on three diverse switchgrasses by the electrical penetration graph (EPG) technique. Callose deposition and genes associated with callose metabolism were also analyzed to discern their association with plant resistance. There was a strong host effect on greenbugs feeding on lowland cultivar Kanlow at the V3 stage of development, as compared to the greenbug-susceptible …

The Influence Of Spatiotemporally Decoupled Land Use On Honey Bee Colony Health And Pollination Service Delivery, Matthew D. Smart, Clint R. V. Otto, Benjamin L. Carlson, Cali L. Roth

Department of Entomology: Faculty Publications

Societal dependence on insects for pollination of agricultural crops has risen amidst concerns over pollinator declines. Habitat loss and lack of forage have been implicated in the decline of both managed and native pollinators. Land use changes in the Northern Great Plains of the US, a region supporting over 1 million honey bee colonies annually, have shifted away from historical grassland ecosystems bees rely on for forage toward landscapes dominated by corn, soybeans, and other row crops. We investigated how land use impacts honey bee colony population size during the growing season and subsequent colony population size for almond pollination …

Clathrin-Dependent Endocytosis Is Associated With Rnai Response In The Western Corn Rootworm, Diabrotica Virgifera Virgifera Leconte, Daniele H. Pinheiro, Ana Maria Velez, Elane Fishilevich, Haichuan Wang, Newton P. Carneiro, Arnubio Valencia-Jimenez, Fernando H. Valicente, Kenneth E. Narva, Blair D. Siegfried

Department of Entomology: Faculty Publications

The cellular uptake of dsRNA after dietary exposure is critical for RNAi efficiency; however, the mechanism of its uptake in many insects remains to be understood. In this study, we evaluated the roles of the endocytic pathway genes Clathrin heavy chain (Chc), Clathrin adaptor protein AP50, ADP ribosylation factor-like 1 (Arf72A), Vacuolar H⁺ ATPase 16 kDa subunit (Vha16), and small GTPase Rab7 and putative sid-1-like genes (silA and silC) in RNAi response in western corn rootworm (WCR) using a two-stage dsRNA exposure bioassay. Silencing of Chc, Vha16, …

Abscisic And Jasmonic Acids Contribute To Soybean Tolerance To The Soybean Aphid (Aphis Glycines Matsumura), Kaitlin M. Chapman, Lia Marchi-Werle, Thomas E. Hunt, Tiffany M. Heng-Moss, Joe Louis

Department of Entomology: Faculty Publications

Plant resistance can provide effective, economical, and sustainable pest control. Tolerance to the soybean aphid has been identified and confirmed in the soybean KS4202. Although its resistance mechanisms are not fully understood, evidence suggests that enhanced detoxification of reactive oxygen species (ROS) is an active system under high aphid infestation. We further explored tolerance by evaluating the differences in constitutive and aphid-induced defenses in KS4202 through the expression of selected defense-related transcripts and the levels of the phytohormones abscisic acid (ABA), jasmonic acid (JA), JA-isoleucine (JA-Ile), cis-(+)-12-oxo-phytodienoic acid (OPDA), and salicylic acid (SA) over several time points. Higher constitutive levels …

Parental Rnai Suppression Of Chromatin Remodeling Genes To Control Coleopteran Pests, Blair D. Siegfried, Kenneth E. Narva, Kanika Arora, Sarah E. Worden, Chitvan Khajuria, Elane Fishilevich, Nicholas P. Storer, Meghan Frey, Ronda L. Hamm, Ana Maria Velez

Department of Entomology: Faculty Publications

This disclosure concerns nucleic acid molecules and meth ods of use thereof for control of hemipteran pests through RNA interference - mediated inhibition of target coding and transcribed non - coding sequences in hemipteran pests. The disclosure also concerns methods for making transgenic plants that express nucleic acid molecules useful for the control of hemipteran pests, and the plant cells and plants obtained thereby.

Breeding Patterns And Population Genetics Of Eastern Subterranean Termites Reticulitermes Flavipes In Urban Environment Of Nebraska, United States, Ah Ab Majid, Shripat T. Kamble, H. Chen

Department of Entomology: Faculty Publications

Reticulitermes flavipes (Kollar) has become the most destructive subterranean termite pest, on urban structures in Nebraska. In this study, we used seven microsatellite loci to infer the colony breeding system and population genetic structure among 20 infested urban structures in Nebraska. Our data revealed that 17 structures were infested by simple family colonies of R. flavipes, while, the remaining three were infested with mixed family colonies. The measure of population differentiation, FCT value (0.459) indicated that all the 20 urban colonies (10 - 410 km apart) represented pronounced levels of genetic differentiation. The Mantel test disclosed a weak and …

Rna Interference Of The Muscle Actin Gene In Bed Bugs: Exploring Injection Versus Topical Application For Dsrna Delivery, Sanjay Basnet, Shripat T. Kamble

Department of Entomology: Faculty Publications

Bed bugs are one the most troublesome household pests that feed primarily on human blood. RNA interference (RNAi) is currently being pursued as a potential tool for insect population management and has shown efficacy against some phytophagous insects. We evaluated the different techniques to deliver dsRNA specific to bed bug muscle actin (dsactin) into bed bugs. Initially, stability of dsRNA in human blood was studied to evaluate the feasibility of feeding method. Adult bed bugs were injected with dsRNA between last thoracic segment and first abdominal segment on the ventral side, with a dose of 0.2 μg dsactin …

Host Plants Of Spodoptera Frugiperda (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) In The Americas, Débora Goulart Montezano, Alexandre Specht, Daniel Ricardo Sosa-Gómez, Vânia F. Roque-Specht, José Carlos Sousa-Silva, Silvana L. Vieira De Paula Moraes, Julie A. Peterson, Thomas E. Hunt

Department of Entomology: Faculty Publications

The fall armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda (J. E. Smith, 1797) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae), is the most important noctuid pest in the Americas and has recently become an invasive pest in Africa. A detailed record of S. frugiperda’s host plants is essential to better understand the biology and ecology of this pest, conduct future studies, and develop Integrated Pest Management programmes. In this study, we collected and systematically arranged the fragmented bibliographic information on S. frugiperda feeding records. Furthermore, we registered new records of host plants for S. frugiperda based on eight years of surveys in Brazil. The literature …

A Systematic Approach To Rna-Associated Motif Discovery, Tian Gao, Jiang Shu, Juan Cui

School of Computing: Faculty Publications

Background: Sequencing-based large screening of RNA-protein and RNA-RNA interactions has enabled the mechanistic study of post-transcriptional RNA processing and sorting, including exosome-mediated RNA secretion. The downstream analysis of RNA binding sites has encouraged the investigation of novel sequence motifs, which resulted in exceptional new challenges for identifying motifs from very short sequences (e.g., small non-coding RNAs or truncated messenger RNAs), where conventional methods tend to be ineffective. To address these challenges, we propose a novel motif-finding method and validate it on a wide range of RNA applications.

Results: We first perform motif analysis on microRNAs and longer RNA fragments from …

Mirdis: A Web Tool For Endogenous And Exogenous Microrna Discovery Based On Deep-Sequencing Data Analysis, Hanyuan Zhang, Bruno Vieira Resende E Silva, Juan Cui

School of Computing: Faculty Publications

Small RNA sequencing is the most widely used tool for microRNA (miRNA) discovery, and shows great potential for the efficient study of miRNA cross-species transport, i.e., by detecting the presence of exogenous miRNA sequences in the host species. Because of the increased appreciation of dietary miRNAs and their far-reaching implication in human health, research interests are currently growing with regard to exogenous miRNAs bioavailability, mechanisms of cross-species transport and miRNA function in cellular biological processes. In this article, we present microRNA Discovery (miRDis), a new small RNA sequencing data analysis pipeline for both endogenous and exogenous miRNA detection. Specifically, we …

Elevated Temperature Dependence Of The Anisotropic Visible-To-Ultraviolet Dielectric Function Of Monoclinic Β-Ga2o3, Alyssa Mock, Jeremy Vanderslice, Rafal Korlacki, John A. Woollam, Mathias Schubert

Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering: Faculty Publications

We report on the temperature dependence of the dielectric tensor elements of n-type conductive β-Ga2O3 from 22 °C to 550 °C in the spectral range of 1.5 eV–6.4 eV. We present the temperature dependence of the excitonic and band-to-band transition energy parameters using a previously described eigendielectric summation approach [A. Mock et al., Phys. Rev. B 96, 245205 (2017)]. We utilize a Bose-Einstein analysis of the temperature dependence of the observed transition energies and reveal electron coupling with average phonon temperature in excellent agreement with the average over all longitudinal phonon plasmon coupled modes reported previously [M. …

Asset, Liability, Possibility: Metaphors Of Human Difference And The Business Case For Diversity, Jennifer J. Mease (Also Peeksmease), Brittany L. Collins

Department of Communication Studies: Faculty Publications

Purpose – This analysis draws on interviews with 19 self-identified US diversity consultants and 94 diversity statements posted on corporate websites. The findings challenge existing literature that characterizes the business case for diversity as monolithic and wholly problematic for the way it constructs understandings of human difference. The authors accomplish this using metaphor analysis to demonstrate how business case arguments incorporate three metaphorical systems for thinking and speaking about human differences – as asset, as liability and as possibility. Given this diversity of metaphors, the business case does not construct human difference in a monolithic way, but in a variety …

Resistance In Rice To Tibraca Limbativentris (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae) Influenced By Plant Silicon Content, Lincoln Luis França, Cássio Antonio Dierings, André Cirilo De Sousa Almeida, Marcio Da Silva Araújo, Elvis Arden Heinrichs, Anderson Rodrigo Da Silva, José Alexandre Freitas Barrigossi, Flávio Gonçalves De Jesus

Department of Entomology: Faculty Publications

Tibraca limbativentris Stål (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae) is a major pest causing economic losses to rice cultivation in Brazil. The objectives of this work were to assess different sources of silicon in the induction of plant resistance, to examine the interaction of rice varieties with silicon-based resistance, and to determine the effects of varieties and silicon on stink bug biology. The interaction of rice cultivars BRS Esmeralda, IRGA 429 (widely cultivated in Brazil), and Canela de Ferro (a resistant cultivar), and 2 sources of silicon (K silicate, and Ca + Mg silicate) were studied. Plant parameters measured were percentage of damaged stems, …

Symposium Paper Building Bridges Between Disciplines For Sustainable Crop Protection, Rangaswamy Muniappan, E. A. Heinrichs

Department of Entomology: Faculty Publications

Plant protection is an interdisciplinary area that historically involved agronomy, plant breeding, entomology, plant pathology, statistics, and weed science. After World War II, pesticide development took precedence and chemistry, physics, and engineering were favored. This led to excessive use of synthetic pesticides, causing pest resistance to insecticides, contamination of ecosystems and undesirable health effects. As a result, the integrated pest management concept was developed in the 1960s. This expanded into new disciplines, such as mathematics, computer science, meteorology, and aeronautics to forecast pest occurrence and dispersal. It also included molecular biology and microbiology to produce biological control agents and GMOs …

Shared Mechanisms Among Probiotic Taxa: Implications For General Probiotic Claims, Mary Ellen Sanders, Andrew K. Benson, Sarah Lebeer, Daniel J. Merenstein, Todd R. Klaenhammer

Department of Food Science and Technology: Faculty Publications

Strain-specificity of probiotic effects has been a cornerstone principle of probiotic science for decades. Certainly, some important mechanisms are present in only a few probiotic strains. But scientific advances now reveal commonalities among members of certain taxonomic groups of probiotic microbes. Some clinical benefits likely derive from these shared mechanisms, suggesting that sub-species-specific, species specific or genus-specific probiotic effects exist. Human trials are necessary to confirm specific health benefits. However, a strain that has not been tested in human efficacy trials may meet the minimum definition of the term ‘probiotic’ if it is a member of a well-studied probiotic species …

Modification Of Wheat Gluten For Improvement Of Binding Capacity With Keratin In Hair, Shukun Wang, Danyang Meng, Sisi Wang, Zhong Zhang, Ruijin Yang, Wei Zhao

Department of Food Science and Technology: Faculty Publications

In this study, enzymatic hydrolysis and cationization with epoxypropyldodecyldimethylammonium chloride of wheat protein, an economic protein complex containing great amount of disulfide bonds, were conducted to improve properties such as solubility and disassociation behaviour for recovery of damaged hair when used in shampoo. The optimal conditions for enzymatic hydrolysis were pH 8.2, 55°C with Alcalase for 60min. After the selected hydrolysis, the degree of hydrolysis, nitrogen solubility index, foaming capacity index, foam stability index, emulsifying activity index and emulsion stability index of hydrolysate with 58.71% of shortchain peptides (less than 1000 Da) were 8.81%, 39.07%, 225%, 56.67%, 9.62m² g …

Shared Mechanisms Among Probiotic Taxa: Implications For General Probiotic Claims, Mary Ellen Sanders, Andrew K. Benson, Sarah Lebeer, Daniel J. Merenstein, Todd R. Klaenhammer

Department of Food Science and Technology: Faculty Publications

Strain-specificity of probiotic effects has been a cornerstone principle of probiotic science for decades. Certainly, some important mechanisms are present in only a few probiotic strains. But scientific advances now reveal commonalities among members of certain taxonomic groups of probiotic microbes. Some clinical benefits likely derive from these shared mechanisms, suggesting that sub-species-specific, speciesspecific or genus-specific probiotic effects exist. Human trials are necessary to confirm specific health benefits. However, a strain that has not been tested in human efficacy trials may meet the minimum definition of the term ‘probiotic’ if it is a member of a well-studied probiotic species expressing …

Who/Iuis Allergen Nomenclature: Providing A Common Language, Anna Pomes, Janet M. Davies, Gabriele Gadermaier, Christiane Hilger, Thomas Holzhauser, Jonas Lidholm, Andreas L. Lopata, Geoffrey A. Mueller, Andreas Nandy, Christian Radauer, Sanny K. Chan, Uta Jappe, Jorg Kleine-Tebbe, Wayne R. Thomas, Martin D. Chapman, Marianne Van Hage, Ronald Van Ree, Stefan Vieths, Monika Raulf, Richard E. Goodman

Department of Food Science and Technology: Faculty Publications

A systematic nomenclature for allergens originated in the early 1980s, when few protein allergens had been described. A group of scientists led by Dr. David G. Marsh developed a nomenclature based on the Linnaean taxonomy, and further established the World Health Organization/International Union of Immunological Societies (WHO/IUIS) Allergen Nomenclature Sub-Committee in 1986. Its stated aim was to standardize the names given to the antigens (allergens) that caused IgE-mediated allergies in humans. The Sub-Committee first published a revised list of allergen names in 1986, which continued to grow with rare publications until 1994. Between 1994 and 2007 the database was a …