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A Checklist Of Parasites Of California, Oregon, And Washington Marine And Estuarine Fishes, Milton S. Love, Mike Moser

Harold W. Manter Laboratory of Parasitology: Faculty Publications

This report is a summary of the published records of parasites found from the marine and estuarine fishes of California, Oregon, and Washington. Coverage has not been limited to the western United States, but rather includes parasite reports from throughout each fish's range. Included is a host-parasite list and parasite-host cross index.

We have produced this survey because we felt there was a need for a single source which would list all the parasites infecting marine and estuarine fish from California, Oregon, and Washington. Pertinent sources are scattered over a number of journals, covering many years. Workers find it time …

Diurnal And Seasonal Abundance Patterns Of Birds In Vineyards, Mark E. Tobin, Roger L. Hothem

Bird Control Seminars Proceedings

Diurnal abundance patterns of birds were examined in two northern California wine grape vineyards in 1981 and in three other vineyards in 1982. Birds entering the vineyards were counted during day-long censuses conducted one day per week throughout the period of damage susceptibility; grape maturity, ambient air temperature, wind speed, and precipitation also were estimated. Overall, the number of birds of all species entering the vineyards did not vary significantly among six time periods of the day. However, American robins (Turdus migratorius) were clearly most abundant daily before 0930 h, and their numbers generally declined afterwards. House finches …

Bash Team New Developments, Timothy J. Will 2 Lt.

Bird Control Seminars Proceedings

The Air Force incurs over 1,900 bird strikes annually worth over 10 million dollars. Approximately 47% of all bird strikes happen in the airfield environment and as a result, the main thrust of our efforts is to control birds in that area. The Bird/Aircraft Strike Hazard (BASH) Team envisions expanding these efforts to include new developments which could aid in reducing bird/aircraft collisions.

The Importance Of Timing The Application Of Chemosterilization In Red-Winged Blackbird, André Cyr, Diane Lacombe

Bird Control Seminars Proceedings

To evaluate the importance of the timing of an application of a chemosterilant, we measured the effect of Ornitrol on testis size and maturation of sperm cells at different time periods during testis growth and in two different breeding seasons. Indoor experiments showed that Ornitrol did not affect testes nor sperm cells when applied at the onset of testes growth. but did have an effect when applied the 4th week afterwards. Field experiments showed much variation in Ornitrol treatment efficiency between years. Timing of application in relation to testes growth is believed to be of major importance in using chemosterilization …

Handbook On Bird Management And Control, Timothy J. Will 2 Lt.

Bird Control Seminars Proceedings

The US Air Force has over 200 bases world·wide. Each has its own indigenous and migratory species of birds. While the degree of hazard from these birds varies, the potential exists at all locations for damaged/destroyed equipment and health problems due to birds. To prepare Air Force pest managers on how to control birds, the Bird/Aircraft Strike Hazard (BASH) Team designed a reference manual called the Handbook on Bird Management and Control.

Use Of The Chemosterilant Ornitrol In Feral Pigeon (Columba Livia) Control, William A. Erickson, William B. Jackson

Bird Control Seminars Proceedings

The chemosterilant ornitrol was tested as a means of reducing egg production in feral pigeons on the central campus of Bowling Green State University. Ornitrol (0.1 % by weight), coated on whole-kernel corn, was baited on building rooftops for 1 O-day periods in 1982 and 1983. Weekly post-treatment nest monitoring indicated that ornitrol does not inhibit egg-laying, but 16-29% of all eggs laid were infertile. This increase in egg infertility over the pre-treatment period was significant. However, because pigeons breed throughout the year on campus, it is estimated that this reduction in productivity would have no major impact on the …

Repellent Potential Of Vegetable Tannins On Quelea Quelea, R. W. Bullard, M. H. Zeinelabdin, W. B. Jackson

Bird Control Seminars Proceedings

In many developing nations around the world. pest birds are a serious threat to human food supplies. In the Sahelian zone of Africa, red·billed quelea (Quelea quelea) is of greatest concern. Cereal grain crops within the range of quelea are subject to severe depredations. Therefore, a wide variety of approaches have been taken to alleviate these losses. In 1972 Magor and Ward reported that during the past 20 years, hundreds of millions of birds have been killed by explosives, flame throwers, and lethal chemicals used to control birds assembled at night in roosts and breeding colonies. Despite this …

Quelea Control Operations In Tanzania, D. N. Manyanza

Bird Control Seminars Proceedings

Ever since the quelea became an economically important pest of cereal crops, many control measures have been used and dropped as they proved ineffective with time. Aerial spraying of quelea concentrations is hitherto the only practical means of control. Spraying operations are done together with a ground supporting team which seeks out que lea concentrations, maps their locations, and moves chemical and solvent to required areas. Aerial spraying for Q.quelea suffers from constraints which often impair its success.

Senegal's Trade In Cage Birds, Richard L. Bruggers

Bird Control Seminars Proceedings

Senegal is one of the world's principal exporters of cage birds. The estimated value to Senegal of this trade is equivalent to U.S. $500,000 annually. Between 1979 and 1981, over one million birds were exported annually to at least 26 countries. During this period, the Government of Senegal proposed policy guidelines and legislative changes to rationally manage this important industry.

Bird Foraging And Its Economic Effect In The Paddy Fields Of Bangalore (India), Shakunthala Sridhara, M.V.V. Subramanyam, R. V. Krishnamoorthy

Bird Control Seminars Proceedings

Birds are often serious pests of rice. The small size of this cereal at all stages of its ripening makes it attractive for the small, seed-eating birds. Considerable damage also is inflicted during early stages of growth when germinating seedlings are depredated by grainivores, and several species of aquatic birds trample the fields in search of food. The migratory blackbirds (Agelaius species and others) eat various grains across the U.S.A. and Mexico, while huge numbers of red-billed weaver bird (Quelea quelea) account for grain losses up to 20% in several rice-growing African countries (Efferson, 1952). Although rice …

Adjusting Bird Control Applications With Their Optimal Behaviors In Red-Winged Blackbirds, André Cyr, Carmelle Leroux, Jean-Marie Bergeron

Bird Control Seminars Proceedings

In order to improve control methods that imply giving any drug, repellent, or chemosterilant through food, we need to know where and how to offer the feeding opportunities to maximize the number of birds to be treated. Because of heavy snow cover in the winter in Quebec, spring-feeding flocks of red-winged blackbirds are predicted to be more attracted to corn fields than non-corn fields and more attracted to feeding sites where corn stems were left over from the preceding fall or where perches near the feeding stations are available. Multivariate analysis confirmed the trends predicted for 30 feeding sites. Other …

The Strategy For Protecting Crops From The Depredations Of Quelea Birds In Kenya, Richard Allan

Bird Control Seminars Proceedings

Population reduction of quelea by lethal means is no longer considered to be a crop protection strategy in Kenya. Lethal control of que lea feeding on, or threatening, crops is practiced. The substitution of crops on which the que lea do not feed for those prone to depredation is undertaken in one province. In one large irrigation scheme a single rice crop is grown, as the second crop, formerly planted, suffered unacceptable losses to quelea. No other method of protecting crops from the depredations of que lea is currently practiced.

The Response Of Starlings To Three Auditory Stimuli, Patrick H. Cole, Ron J. Johnson, Walter W. Stroup

Bird Control Seminars Proceedings

Recordings of a starling (Sturnus vulgaris) distress call, white noise, and a 917 Hz pure tone were presented to starlings in an outdoor enclosure to determine their relative effectiveness in frightening the birds into flight. Stimuli were presented during early morning hours on two consecutive days during two seasons, summer and winter. Effectiveness was measured as a function of the time birds remained off the ground and away from the food source after a presentation was made. The pure tone elicited essentially no response. Early responses (first 10 presentations) to the distress call and white noise did not …

The Food-Searching And Foraging Behaviours Of Rufous Turtle Dove, Streptopelia Orientalis (Latham), In Soybean Fields, Kazuo Nakamura, Shigeru Matsuoka

Bird Control Seminars Proceedings

Soybean seeds and cotyledons suffer great damage by the Rufous Turtle Dove in Japan, depending upon the time of seed sowing. In our experimental field at Tsukuba, in 1983, almost all plants were eaten until the middle of May. Doves concentrated in fields where soybean seeds had been planted from the late April to the middle of May. After the middle of May, they came to the fields where wheat and barley had just been cut or the soils had been ploughed. Experiments conducted in the field covered with a large cage and utilizing the same doves showed that the …

Pco Clinic, James Shoaf , Chairman

Bird Control Seminars Proceedings

Shoaf: Our next speakers are two gentlemen who will tell us about the work they have done in bird management on bridges. One is Russ Lemons of Rose Exterminating Company; and the other is Jim Cuming, the district manager of PCO Services Ltd. in Windsor, Ontario, Canada. They will give us some valuable ideas on what can be done, and what has been done in the past.

Lemons: My experience in bird control has included all the legal chemicals and toxicants that we can use. Years ago, before EPA, I used to mix my own chemicals: ammonia, Tide, and …

Npca Bird Management Manual, James W. Steckel

Bird Control Seminars Proceedings

We are going to discuss the new Bird Management Manual that the National Pest Control Association has put together for its members and those of you in the bird management business who would like to have such a manual. It covers bird management from the standpoint of people working under the rules and regulations of bird control in North America. It deals with the laws of the North American Treaty, the different state regulations, and those local and regional regulations that we are aware of. The manual is a basic working tool designed to help persons trying to determine if …

Mode Of Repellent Activity Of Condensed Tannin To Quelea, M. H. Zeinelabdin, R. W. Bullard, W. B. Jackson

Bird Control Seminars Proceedings

Nonlethal chemical repellents are being vigorously investigated to control wildlife feeding in agriculture and silviculture and thus alleviate damages to food, feed, and fibre. Unfortunately, few effective avian repellents have emerged, partly because workers tend to be anthropomorphic in their basic assumptions about target species and repellent action (Rogers, 1978), and partly due to the lack of knowledge of the feeding behavior of the target species (McKey, 1974). Rogers (1978) advocated natural chemical defenses of plants against herbivores as starting points for studies dealing with repellent development. Rogers (1978) defined repellents as a "compound or combination of compounds that, when …

Generalization Of Methiocarb-Induced Food Aversions By Captive House Finches, Michael L. Avery, Mark E. Tobin

Bird Control Seminars Proceedings

Individually caged House Finches (Carpodacus mexicanus) were tested to determine if exposure to methiocarb applied to one type of food would enhance the repellent effect of the chemical when it was subsequently encountered on a different food type. Initially, 24 adult finches were each offered two grape bunches during a series of 2-h feeding trials. Birds exposed to one treated bunch and one untreated bunch ate significantly less (p < 0.05) grapes than did birds given two untreated bunches. One week later, the same group of birds was tested in a similar manner using treated and untreated safflower seeds. Among the finches exposes to treated seeds, we found no significant (p > 0.05) differences in consumption between those that had previously experienced methiocarb-treated grapes and those with no prior methiocarb experience. This finding implies that in areas where more than one …

Wintering Robins Affect Blackbird Roost Dispersal, Sally Erdman

Bird Control Seminars Proceedings

The numbers of blackbirds wintering in the north central Texas city of Denton appear to be increasing. Unusually large numbers of American robins (Turdus migratorius) in 1981-82 obstructed effective roost dispersal. Dispersal methods and procedures are described. Data are given on species composition, sex ratios, mean weights, and weight range for 2,781 birds taken January 29, 1982. Species composition and ratios are given for an additional 1,540 birds taken the following day. Current blackbird dispersal techniques are ineffective if large numbers of wintering robins are commingling with the blackbirds.

Suppression Of Colorado Potato Beetle, Leptinotarsa Decemlineata (Say), (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) Populations With Antifeedant Fungicides, J. Daniel Hare, Patrick A. Logan, Robert Wright

Department of Entomology: Faculty Publications

Laboratory, small-field plot, and commercial-scale experiments were completed, using Connecticut, Rhode Island, and New York Colorado potato beetle, (CPB) Leptinotarsa decemlineata (Say), populations to determine if "antifeedant fungicides" might reduce the suitability of potato for CPB while simultaneously protecting potato from early and late blight. In the laboratory. fungicides formulated from triphenyltin hydroxide (TPTH) or Cu(OH), reduced CPB feeding 95 and 61%. In small-field plots, CPB larval densities were significantly reduced where TPTH and Cu(OH)₂ were used regularly. In commercial-scale experiments, L. decemlineata populations were significantly reduced and required fewer insecticide applications for acceptable control where TPTH was used …

Results Of The Alcoa Foundation-Suriname Expeditions. Vii. Records Of Mammals From Central And Southern Suriname, Stephen L. Williams, Hugh H. Genoways, Jane A. Groen

University of Nebraska State Museum: Mammalogy Papers

The occurrence of three species of mammals previously unknown in Suriname is documented. The new taxa recorded include Vampyrops aurarius, Vampyrops lineatus, and Natalus tumidirostris. Additional information is provided on Centronycteris maximiliana, Sigmomys alstoni, Zygodontomys brevicauda, and Cavia aperea from Suriname.

Identification Of Four Complementary Rna Species In Akabane Virus-Infected Cells, Asit K. Pattnaik, G. Abraham

School of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences: Faculty Publications

The analysis of RNA extracted from purified Akabane virus demonstrated the presence of three size classes of single-stranded RNAs with sedimentation coefficients of 31S (large, L), 26S (medium, M), and 13S (small, S). Molecular weights of these RNA species were estimated to be 2.15 x 10⁶,1.5 X 10⁶, and 0.48 x 10⁶ for the L, M, and S RNAs, respectively. Hybridization analysis involving viral genomic RNA and RNA from virus-infected cells resulted in the identification of four virus-specific cRNA species in infected cells. These cRNAs were found to be nonpolyadenylated by their inability to bind …

The Probe, Issue 36 - September 1983

The Probe: Newsletter of the National Animal Damage Control Association

The Probe National Animal Damage Control Association
September, 1983
Dues to NADCA
The Wildlife Society
Animal Rights in Action
The Economics of ADC
Letters to Ye Ed
USDA correspondence to EPA
Transfer of Animal Control From USDI to USDA
Characteristic signs of vertebrate damage
Alternative control measures

Water Current, Volume 15, No. 5, September/October 1983

Water Current Newsletter

Director's Report
Water Research Funding Update
Study of Ogallala Aquifer Proposed
Water Resources Seminar Announced
Bogardi Visits UNL
Harold Stevens Tour
UNL Faculty Attend Water Conference
Research Review: Analysis of Tax Incentives for Intensive Irrigation Development in the Nebraska Sandhills
Faculty Profile: Maurice E. Baker

The Prairie Naturalist Volume 15, No. 3. September 1983

The Prairie Naturalist

Paul B. Kannowski, Editor

Douglas H. Johnson, Book Review Editor

TABLE OF CONTENTS

WINTER DISTRIBUTION AND HABITAT USE BY MULE DEER AND WHITE-TAILED DEER IN SOUTHEASTERN MONTANA ▪ J. E. Swenson, S. J. Knapp and H. J. Wentland

HISTORY AND STATUS OF EUROPEAN FALLOW DEER (Dama dama dama) AT ARGONNE NATIONAL LABORATORY, ILLINOIS ▪ G. G. Gray

REPRODUCTIVE CHRONOLOGY OF GREATER PRAIRIE CHICKENS IN MINNESOTA AND RECOMMENDATIONS FOR CENSUSING AND NEST SEARCHING ▪ W. D. Svedarsky

SUMMER BIRD USE OF A STATE-OWNED HUNTING AREA IN NORTHWESTERN ILLINOIS ▪ M. W. Brown

EVALUATION OF INTRODUCED RUFFED GROUSE IN WESTERN …

Thermal Requirements For Emergence Of Overwintered Sorghum Midge (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae), Frederick P. Baxendale, G. L. Teetes

Department of Entomology: Faculty Publications

Emergence of overwintered sorghum midges, Contarinia sorghicola (Coquillett), was monitored during 1979, 1980, and 1981. Differences in emergence times and distributions among years was a function of soil temperature and rainfall. A heat unit accumulation model incorporating a rainfall adjustment factor was developed which described adult emergence in the spring. Adult midges initiated emergence after accumulating 431 centigrade heat units (based on mean daily to-cm soil temperatures starting 1 April) above a threshold temperature of 14.8°C, whereas, 679 and 977 heat units were required for 50 and 95% emergence, respectively. Sorghum midges that overwintered in johnsongrass spikelets emerged after similar …

Factors Influencing Adult Emergence From Diapausing Sorghum Midge, Contarinia Sorghicola (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae, Frederick P. Baxendale, G. L. Teetes

Department of Entomology: Faculty Publications

Sorghum midge, Contarinia sorghicola (Coquillett) diapause was terminated in the laboratory, and factors affecting adult emergence from diapausing larvae were investigated. Temperatures in the range from 20 to 30°C were optimum for diapause termination and adult emergence. Diapausing larvae exposed to moist conditions at 30°C began to emerge as adults after 12 days of incubation. Based on adult emergence rates per day, an emergence threshold temperature was estimated to be 14.8°C. Exposure to 12 to 13 days of continuous moisture at 30°C was essential for diapause termination and adult emergence. Moisture acted to initiate diapause termination, but diapausing larvae were …

Biosynthesis And Degradation Of Storage Protein In Spores Of The Fungus Botryodiplodia Theobromae, Gary Petersen, Kurt Dahlberg, James L. Van Etten

Department of Plant Pathology: Faculty Publications

Muiridin, a spore-specific protein of the fungus Botryodiplodia theobromae, comprises about 25% of the mature pycnidiospore protein. It has an apparent molecular weight of 16,000 to 17,000 and is rich in glutamine, asparagine, and arginink. Muiridin is synthesized in developing spores via a precursor with an apparent molecular welght of 24,000. Two other polypeptides present in young developing spores with apparent molecular weights of 18,000 and 15,000 are immunologically related to muiridin. We propose a pathway for muiridin synthesis. Muiridin is actively degraded during the germination of spores from 30-day old cultures. This degradation is independent of exogenous amino …

The Probe, Issue 34 - July 1983

The Probe: Newsletter of the National Animal Damage Control Association

The Probe National Animal Damage Control Association
No. 34 July, 1983
Animal Rights
Prevention and Control of Wildlife Damage by Bob Timm
Federal funding for studies on guard dogs and taste aversion chemicals
Jackrabbits
Chicago deer population.
Goodbye Joey
1080
Rabies
Mobilization of Animals
11 pound tomcat
Princeton Township, NJ effectively banned hunting in 1972
Urban Coyotes are Something Else
'gopher plant' (Euphorbia lathyris)
EPA
Transfer of Animal Control From USDI to USDA

Agricultural Experiment Station News July 1983

Agricultural Research Division: News and Annual Reports

CONTENTS:
ASSOCIATE DIRECTOR POSITION
COMPREHENSIVE PROGRAM REVIEWS
FIELD LABORATORY TASK FORCE
BUDGET SITUATION
FIELD DAY STEERING COMMITTEE
INDIRECT COST RATES CHANGE
NEW OR REVISED PROJECTS
GRANTS AND CONTRACTS
PROJECT FUNDING
Experiment Station Personnel