Digital Commons Network^™

Radial Distribution Of Dose And Cross-Sections For The Inactivation Of Dry Enzymes And Viruses, Zhang Chunxiang, D. E. Dunn, Robert Katz

Robert Katz Publications

A new semi-empirical algorithm for the radial distribution of dose is compared with available data. The algorithm is used to calculate the inactivation cross section for dry enzymes and viruses using an extended target model of a 1-hit detector. Agreement with data is at about the 15% level, approximating the precision of the data itself.

Evaluation Of Mark-Recapture For Estimating Striped Skunk Abundance, Raymond J. Greenwood, Alan B. Sargeant, Douglas H. Johnson

United States Geological Survey, Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center: Publications

The mark-recapture method for estimating striped skunk (Mephitis mephitis) abundance was evaluated by systematically live-trapping a radio-equipped population on a 31.4-km2 study area in North Dakota during late April of 1977 and 1978. The study population was 10 females and 13 males in 1977 and 20 females and 8 males in 1978. Skunks were almost exclusively nocturnal. Males traveled greater nightly distances than females (3.3 vs. 2.6 km, P < 0.05) and had larger home ranges (308 vs. 242 ha) although not significantly so. Increased windchill reduced night-time activity. The population was demographically but not geographically closed. Frequency of capture was positively correlated with time skunks spent on the study area. Little variation in capture probabilities was found among trap-nights. Skunks exhibited neither trap-proneness nor shyness. Capture rates in 1977 were higher for males than for females; the reverse occurred in 1978. Variation in individual capture rates was indicated among males in 1977 and among females in 1978. Ten estimators produced generally similar results, but all underestimated true population size. Underestimation was a function of the number of untrapped skunks, primarily those that spent limited time on the study area. The jackknife method produced the best estimates of skunk abundance.

Wpa News 7 (1985), World Pheasant Association

Galliformes Specialist Group and Affiliated Societies: Newsletters

WPA News (January 1985), number 7

Published by the World Pheasant Association

Use Of Electrical Stimulation For Hot Boning Of Meat, H. R. Cross, S. C. Seideman

Roman L. Hruska U.S. Meat Animal Research Center: Reports

With ever-increasing processing costs, the meat industry is being forced to look into new and innovative processing methods. The efficiency of marketing meat and moving it to the consumer must be increased. The meat industry must face these new challenges and demands in order to survive.

Breeding Cattle For Genetic Resistance To Disease, Roger T. Stone, Larry V. Cundiff

Roman L. Hruska U.S. Meat Animal Research Center: Reports

For many hundreds of years cattle with the greatest resistance to disease have probably survived to leave more offspring in succeeding generations than those less resistant to disease. Resistance to disease also may have increased indirectly through a favorable association with other characteristics, such as growth rate or milk yield, which have received major emphasis in genetic improvement programs in cattle. However, except for some selection against mastitis in dairy cattle, genetic resistance to disease has not received direct emphasis in genetic improvement programs. Greater understanding of biological mechanisms involved in disease resistance could lead to more effective selection of …

Energy Requirements For Maintenance Of Beef Cattle Differing In Genetic Potential For Mature Size And Milk Production, Thomas G. Jenkins, Calvin L. Ferrell

Roman L. Hruska U.S. Meat Animal Research Center: Reports

Relative differences in expected performance for breed crosses of cattle are provided elsewhere in this report; see "Characterization of Breeds Representing Diverse Biological Types." This information may be utilized by beef cattle producers to identify breed types for possible use in their beef cattle enterprises. In conjunction with information descriptive of production characteristics, variation in energy requirements among the breed types needs to be considered. Using general relationships between production potential and energy requirements, producers may identify the beef cattle breeds that would perform optimally in their respective production environments.

Energy (either harvested by the animal or provided via supplementation) …

Germ Plasm Utilization In Beef Cattle, Keith E. Gregory, Larry V. Cundiff, Robert M. Koch, Donald D. Lunstra, W. Gordon Hays

Roman L. Hruska U.S. Meat Animal Research Center: Reports

Heterosis achieved through well-organized crossbreeding systems can be used to increase weight of calf weaned per cow exposed to breeding by more than 20 percent. Comprehensive programs of breed characterization have revealed large differences among breeds for most biological traits of economic importance. Because of the high percentage of beef cattle in the U.S. and globally that are in herds too small to use well organized crossbreeding systems on a self-contained basis, and because of the wide fluctuation in breed composition between generations in rotational crossbreeding systems, there is need for experimental evaluation of the potential of composite populations as …

Twinning In Cattle, Sherrill E. Echternkamp, Keith E. Gregory, W. Gordon Hays, Larry V. Cundiff, Robert M. Koch

Roman L. Hruska U.S. Meat Animal Research Center: Reports

The economic benefits of increasing reproductive rate indicate a need to determine the feasibility of increasing the frequency of twinning in cattle, either by selection or by an artificial method. Rate of reproduction has a major impact on life cycle costs of production for different meat animal species and, thus, upon the production resources for which different species are competitive. For example, the average beef cow is capable of producing about .7 of her body weight per year in progeny market weight, but the comparable multiple is 8 in pigs and more than 70 in meat chickens. The objectives of …

Beef Research Program Progress Report No. 2 (1985): Table Of Contents

Roman L. Hruska U.S. Meat Animal Research Center: Reports

ROMAN L. HRUSKA U.S. MEAT ANIMAL RESEARCH CENTER, Robert R. Oltjen ... iv

General Interest

Cattle Management at U.S. Meat Animal Research Center: Margaret S. McAlhany, W. Gordon Hays, and William G. Kvasnicka ... 1

Genetics and Breeding

Genetic Relationships Among Carcass Traits and Their Implications in Selection Programs: Robert M. Koch, Keith E. Gregory, and Larry V. Cundiff ... 3

Length of Feeding Interval Influences Accuracy of Selection for Growth: Robert M. Koch, Larry V. Cundiff, and Keith E. Gregory ... 5

Characterization of Breeds Representing Diverse Biological Types: Reproduction and Maternal Performance of F₁ Cows: Larry V. …

Salmonid Whirling Disease, Ken Wolf, Maria E. Markiw

United States Fish and Wildlife Service: Publications

Salmonid whirling disease-sometimes referred to as "blacktail" -is a chronic, noncontagious parasitic infection of trout and, to a lesser extent, other members of the family Salmonidae. The parasite has specific tropism for cartilage. If the infection is heavy and the fish is young, mortality sometimes results. More commonly, the parasitosis evokes abnormal swimming behavior and the transient melanism of the caudal fin and peduncle that is the blacktail sign (Fig. 1).

When the parasite is given sufficient time for development and the infection is sufficiently intense, the head and axial skeleton become disfigured in some vIictims (Fig. 2). However, the …

Intsormil 1985 Annual Report: Fighting Hunger With Research, John M. Yohe

INTSORMIL Impacts and Bulletins

This annual report covers the activities for program Year 6, the final year of operation under the initial grant document.

The CRSP's present a unique model for conducting agricultural research in collaboration with developing country agricultural research programs.

The INTSORMIL program also demonstrates these characteristics:

-- INTSORMIL has the dual goal of improving agriculture in the developing countries and in the United States.

- The seven participating U.S. institutions agree to contribute at least 25% of the cost of the CRSP from non-federal resources (in money or in kind), justified on the basis of benefits that can accrue to their …

The Probe, Issue 49 - January 1985

The Probe: Newsletter of the National Animal Damage Control Association

THE PROBE
National Animal Damage Control Association No. 49 January, 1985
ADC to USDA?
National Pesticide
Information Retrieval System
Mole Control Gum
Letters to Ye Ed
2nd Eastern Wildlife Damage Control Conference
ASTM
Mouse Contamination
USFWS Trappers
Control of Starlings
Zinc Phosphide
White-Tailed Deer: Ecology and Management
Wildlife Pest Control Around Gardens and Homes
Wildlife Control Technology
Animal Damage Control

Edwardsiella Infections Of Fishes, G. L. Bullock, Roger L. Herman

United States Fish and Wildlife Service: Publications

The genus Edwardsiella was suggested by Ewing et al. (1965) to encompass a group of enteric bacteria generally described under vernacular names such as paracolon. The type species is E. tarda, which is an opportunistic pathogen of many animals. Meyer and Bullock (1973) reported E. tarda as a pathogen of channel catfish (Ictalurus punctatus) and named the disease emphysematous putrefactive disease of catfish. However, the organism described by Hoshina (1962) as the fish pathogen Paracolobactrum anguillimortiferum is now recognized as being E. tarda (Wakabayashi and Egusa 1973). Hawke (1979) isolated several strains of a bacterium closely resembling …

Classification Of Wetlands And Deepwater Habitats Of The United States, Lewis M. Cowardin, Virginia Carter, Francis C. Golet, Edward T. Laroe

United States Fish and Wildlife Service: Publications

This classification, to be used in a new inventory of wetlands and deepwater habitats of the United States, is intended to describe ecological taxa, arrange them in a system useful to resource managers, furnish units for mapping, and provide uniformity of concepts and terms.Wetlands are defined by plants (hydrophytes), soils (hydric soils), and frequency of flooding. Ecologically related areas of deep water, traditionally not considered wetlands, are included in the classification as deepwater habitats.

Systems form the highest level of the classification hierarchy; five are defined—Marine, Estuarine, Riverine, Lacustrine, and Palustrine. Marine and Estuarine Systems each have two Subsystems, Subtidal …

Weather And Climate Impacts On Beef Cattle, G. Leroy Hahn

Roman L. Hruska U.S. Meat Animal Research Center: Reports

The pervasive nature of weather and climate and the difficulties in adequately predicting their impact on beef cattle often lead to inadequate management strategies and tactics, resulting in a situation of coping as the need arises. This can lead to "management by crises" rather than rational decisions. The objective of this report is to summarize some of the known responses of cattle to their thermal environment and to address ways by which adverse impacts can be reduced. The discussion is based on results from U.S. Meat Animal Research Center and other research stations.

General observations: Domestic cattle fall into …

Characterization Of Breeds Representing Diverse Biological Types: Reproduction And Maternal Performance Of F1 Cows, Larry V. Cundiff, Keith E. Gregory, Robert M. Koch

Roman L. Hruska U.S. Meat Animal Research Center: Reports

It is estimated that today about 70 percent of the calves narketed from beef cattle herds in the U.S. are crossbred and hat between 50 and 60 percent of the cows are crossbred. This represents a major shift to crossbreeding from the straight-breeding programs which prevailed in the 1950's and early 1960's. This trend has been influenced by research demonstrating the favorable effects of heterosis and other advantages of crossbreeding. Also, increased use of feed grains in growing-finishing diets caused fatter carcasses contributing to increased consumer demand for leaner beef, which stimulated interest in breeds with greater potential for lean …

Parasitology And Pathology Of Marine Organisms Of The World Ocean, William J. Hargis Jr.

United States Department of Commerce: Staff Publications

The Symposium in which the communications, as they were called during the meeting, comprising this volume were presented was held at the Zoological Institute of the Academy of Sciences of the U.S.S.R. in Leningrad during 13 to 16 October 1981. Conducted as part of the cooperative program of the U.S.A.-U.S.S.R. Working Group on Biological Productivity and Biochemistry of the World Ocean, the Leningrad meeting was sponsored by the Academy of Sciences of the U.S.S.R. (the Zoological Institute) and the Ministry of Fisheries of the U.S.S.R. (The Scientific Council on Fish Diseases of the Ichthyological Commission). It was an extremely interesting …

Refining The Displacement Of Culture And The Use Of Scenes And Themes In Organizational Studies, Nancy C. Morey, Fred Luthans

Department of Management: Faculty Publications

The move to displace the concept of culture traditionally used in anthropology to organizational research is discussed. Issues surrounding the culture concept and the juxtaposition of culture and organization are given special attention. Current thinking about the nature of the process of displacement is refined. Examples from an ongoing study of a city transit organization are used to demonstrate the use of cultural scenes and themes in organizational research.

Pod Network Membership Directory, July 1985

Professional and Organizational Development Network in Higher Education: Archives

No abstract provided.

Pod / Ncspod Conference Participants 1985

Professional and Organizational Development Network in Higher Education: Conference Materials

Directory

Addendum 1985 POD / NCSPOD Conference

Developing Formal Reasoning Through The Study Of English, Anton E. Lawson, Elmer A. Kral

ADAPT Program: Faculty Biographies and Links

Although hardly immune to criticism, Piaget's concept of sensorimotor, preoperational, concrete, and formal operational stages of thought has considerable face validity. In view of the accumulated Piagetian observations that critical reasoning skills develop in a generally sequential order, the finding that a substantial proportion of adolescents and adults demonstrate very little competency with formal reasoning skills poses a serious educational concern. The purpose of this article is to present ten practical teaching procedures to encourage students to develop formal reasoning skills. A 12th-grade English course will be used as an example.

4-H 156 The History Of 4-H In Nebraska, John D. Orr

Nebraska 4-H Clubs: Historical Materials and Publications

Nebraska Cooperative Extension Service 4-H 156: The history of 4-H in Nebraska; E.C. Bishop, boy’s and girl’s club work, cooperative extension service a commitment to people, Nebraska state 4-H conference, national 4-H conference, camping, fairs and shows, international 4-H, University of 4-H club, state leaders, new generations-new projects, Nebraska Association for 4-H development, great moments in 4-H history, and the 4-H is people.

Cross Sections For Ionization Of Water Vapor By 7-4000-Kev Protons, M. Eugene Rudd, T. V. Goffe, R. D. Dubois, L. H. Toburen

M. Eugene Rudd Publications

Cross sections for production of electrons and positive ions by proton impact on water vapor have been measured from 7-4000 keV by the transverse-field method.

G85-753 Irrigation Scheduling Using Crop Water Use Data, C. Dean Yonts, Norman L. Klocke

University of Nebraska-Lincoln Extension: Historical Materials

This NebGuide describes using the "checkbook" method to schedule irrigations based on crop water use data.

Irrigation scheduling determines when and how much water to apply to meet crop demand. Soil water status and current crop water use are key factors for scheduling irrigations. Field observations and crop growth stage are important, but scheduled irrigations result in better rainfall use while avoiding crop water stress or excessive irrigation.

Outer Space Arms Control: Existing Regime And Future Prospects, Norman A. Wulf

Space Law Documents

The existing arms control regime for outer space bans attacks on satellites of other countries, except as acts of self-defense. The moon and other celestial bodies cannot be used for military activities. Detonating nuclear explosives in outer space is prohibited. Deployment in space of nuclear weapons or other weapons of mass destruction is prohibited. Development, testing, or deployment of space-based anti-ballistic systems or their components by the United States or the Soviet Union is prohibited.

Proposals that outer space be demilitarized or that anti-satellite weapons be banned create complex problems. Since all space activities have potential military uses, great care …

Characterization Of Monoclonal Antibodies Against Shiga-Like Toxin From Escherichia Coli, Nancy A. Strockbine, Lilian R. M. Marques, Randall K. Holmes, Alison D. O'Brien

United States Public Health Resources

Three monoclonal antibodies, designated MAb 16E6, MAb 13C4, and MAb 19G8, were produced which recognize Shiga-like toxin (SLT) from Escherichia coli. All three monoclonal antibodies neutralized the cytotoxicity of E. coli SLT and were able to immunoprecipitate intact labeled toxin with Staphylococcus aureus protein A. The three antibodies were of the Gl heavy and kappa light chain classes. MAb 16E6 bound to the B subunit of SLT in Western blots and also neutralized the lethality of the toxin for mice and the enterotoxicity of the toxin in ligated rabbit ileal loops. The ability of MAb 16E6 to neutralize the …

Buyouts And A Career Transition Program As A Response To Retrenchment, Carol A. Paul

To Improve the Academy: A Journal of Educational Development

Introduction

Identifying Disciplines Eligible for Buyouts

Buyout Plan and the Buyouts

Table 1: Rank and Age Distribution of Faculty Buyouts

Career Transition Program

Conclusion

Learning In A Clinical Setting, Luann Wilkerson

To Improve the Academy: A Journal of Educational Development

Modeling

Active, Appropriate Practice

Pleasant Conditions

Clarity

Feedback

Conclusion

References

Improving Classroom Climate For Women: The Faculty Developer's Role, Delivee L. Wright

To Improve the Academy: A Journal of Educational Development

Introduction

Institutional Context

What Has Been Done?

Types of Inequities for Women Students

Role of the Faculty Developer

Faculty Development Activities

Programs Tried at the University of Nebraska-Lincoln (UNL)

Conclusions

Appendix Self-Check Quiz

References

Call For Authors And Subscribers To “Insecta Mundi”

Insecta Mundi

This is the first issue of a new series, Insecta Mundi which has been started for the publication of short papers on insect taxonomy. This first issue of the publication is being mailed to subscribers in January, 1985. It contains, as you can see, a variety of articles, including those on Lepidoptera, Coleoptera, Hymenoptera, and Neuroptera. In keeping with its name, Insects of the World, the areas covered in these papers include not only the United States, but Mexico, the West Indies, Australia, Europe, and Africa.