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Evaluation Of The Ovine Callipyge Locus: Ii. Genotypic Effects On Growth, Slaughter, And Carcass Traits, B. A. Freking, J. W. Keele, Merlyn K. Nielsen, Kreg A. Leymaster

Department of Animal Science: Faculty Publications

A resource flock of 362 F2 lambs provided phenotypic and genotypic data to estimate effects of callipyge ( CLPG) genotypes on growth, slaughter, and carcass traits. Lambs were serially slaughtered in six groups at 3-wk intervals starting at 23 wk of age to allow comparisons at different end points. Probabilities of CLPG genotypes were calculated at a position 86 cM from the most centromeric marker of chromosome 18. A contrast of CLPG genotypic effects, based on the paternal polar over-dominance model, was used to evaluate callipyge and normal phenotypes. Relationships of traits with slaughter age, carcass weight, or 12th-rib fat …

Evaluation Of The Ovine Callipyge Locus: I. Relative Chromosomal Position And Gene Action, B. A. Freking, J. W. Keele, C. W. Beattie, S. M. Kappes, T. P.L. Smith, T. S. Sonstegard, Merlyn K. Nielsen, Kreg A. Leymaster

Department of Animal Science: Faculty Publications

Genotypic and phenotypic data were collected to estimate chromosomal position of the callipyge (CLPG) gene and to test gene action. Nine Dorset rams of extreme muscling phenotype and 114 Romanov ewes composed the grandparent generation of a resource flock of 362 F₂ lambs segregating at the CLPG locus. The parent generation consisted of eight F₂ sires and 138 F₁ dams. The F₂ lambs were serially slaughtered in six groups at 3-wk intervals starting at 23 wk of age to allow comparisons at different end points. A linkage group of 25 marker loci (mean of 708 informative …

Effect Of Acute Treatment With Progesterone On The Timing And Synchrony Of Ovulation In Bos Indicus Heifers Treated With A Norgestomet Implant For 17 Days, J. Cavalieri, J. E. Kinder, L. A. Fitzpatrick

Department of Animal Science: Faculty Publications

The aim of the present study was to develop a treatment protocol for the precise synchronization of oestrus that would avoid the development of persistent dominant ovarian follicles. Bos indicus heifers, in which oestrous cycles had been presynchronized, were allocated randomly, according to the day of their oestrous cycle, to one of five treatment groups. All heifers received a subcutaneous ear implant containing 3 mg of norgestomet for 17 days starting on day 0 and an injection of an analogue of prostaglandin F_2α on days 0 and 4. Heifers in group 1 (control group; n = 7) received no …

Expression Of An Inter-Α-Trypsininhibitor Heavy Chain-Like Protein In The Pig Endometrium During The Oestrous Cycle And Early Pregnancy, R. D. Geisert, J. V. Yelich, T. Pratt, Daniel Pomp

Department of Animal Science: Faculty Publications

In pigs, changes in an unidentified endometrial glycoprotein, pGP30, are temporally associated with rapid trophoblast elongation and initial placental attachment on day 12 of gestation. Identification of endometrial pGP30 was undertaken through protein purification, NH2-terminal amino acid sequencing and cDNA sequencing of products generated through reverse transcription-polymerasechain reaction. Sequencing of 35 amino acids from the NH2-terminal end of pGP30 revealed that the 30 kDa glycoprotein is a cleavage product from the C-terminal region of inter-α-trypsininhibitor heavy chain 4 (IαIH4), previously known as inter-α-trypsininhibitor heavy chain-like protein. IαIH4 is unique compared with the three other inter-α-trypsininhibitor heavy chains as it does …

Effect Of Ignoring Random Sire And Dam Effects On Estimates And Standard Errors Of Breed Comparisons, K. L. Barkhouse, L. Dale Van Vleck, Larry V. Cundiff

Department of Animal Science: Faculty Publications

Data were weights of F₁ calves and weaning weights of top-cross progeny from sires and maternal grandsires of 13 breeds. Three analyses were performed on each trait to obtain estimates and standard errors of breed effects needed to calculate across-breed EPD and accuracies. Model (R) for records of F₁ progeny contained fixed effects for birth year and date of birth, sex, age and breed of dam, and breed of sire, and a random residual effect. The second analysis included random effects for sires (RS), and the third analysis included random effects for sires and dams (RSD). In maternal …

Variances Of Direct Genetic Effects, Maternal Genetic Effects, And Cytoplasmic Inheritance Effects For Milk Yield, Fat Yield, And Fat Percentage, L. G. Albuquerque, Jeffrey F. Keown, L. Dale Van Vleck

Department of Animal Science: Faculty Publications

Milk yield, fat yield, and fat percentage during the first three lactations were studied using New York Holsteins that were milked twice daily over a 305-d, mature equivalent lactation. Those data were used to estimate variances from direct and maternal genetic effects, cytoplasmic effects, sire by herd interaction, and cow permanent environmental effects. Cytoplasmic line was traced to the last female ancestor using DHI records from 1950 through 1991. Records were 138,869 lactations of 68,063 cows calving from 1980 through 1991. Ten random samples were based on herd code. Samples averaged 4926 dams and 2026 cytoplasmic lines. Model also included …

Characterization Of The Large (L) Rna Of Peanut Bud Necrosis Tospovirus, S. Gowda, Satyanarayana Tatineni, R. A. Naidu, A. Mushegian, W. O. Dawson, D. V. R. Reddy

Department of Plant Pathology: Faculty Publications

The nucleocapsids purified from peanut plants systemically infected with peanut bud necrosis virus (PBNV), a member of the genus Tospovirus, contained both viral(v) and viral complementary(vc) sense L RNAs. Defective forms of L RNA containing ‘core polymerase region’ were observed. The full length L RNA of PBNV was sequenced using overlapping cDNA clones. The 8911 nucleotide L RNA contains a single open reading frame (ORF) in the vc strand, and encodes a protein of 330 kDa. At the 50 and 30 termini of the v sense RNA there were 247 and 32 nt untranslated regions, respectively, containing an 18 …

Gas Chromatography/Mass Spectrometry Analysis Of The Cuticular Hydrocarbons From Parasitic Wasps Of The Genus Muscidifurax, Ulrich R. Bernier, David A. Carlson, Christopher J. Geden

United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service / University of Nebraska-Lincoln: Faculty Publications

Parasitic Hymenoptera can be difficult to identify by conventional taxonomic techniques. Examination of the cuticular hydrocarbons (CHCs) provides a basis for chemotaxonomic differentiation, which may lead to the discovery of pheromones, and can be a means of examining colonies for species cross-contamination. The parasitic wasps examined were Muscidifurax raptor, M. zaraptor, M. uniraptor, and the gregarious form of M. raptorellus. Species within the genus Muscidifurax, as well as the sex, can clearly be differentiated by examining the gas chromatograms of the CHCs. Identification of the alkanes by mass spectrometry shows uncommon dimethylalkanes and trimethylalkanes for members of the …

Elution Patterns From Capillary Gc For Methyl-Branched Alkanes, David A. Carlson, Ulrich R. Bernier, Bruce D. Sutton

United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service / University of Nebraska-Lincoln: Faculty Publications

A common and confusing problem in analyses of insect hydrocarbons is in making sense of complicated gas chromatograms and interpreting mass spectra since branched chain compounds differing by one or two carbons in backbone or chain length may elute from the column at nearly the same time. To address this confusing situation, relative gas chromatography (GC) retention times are presented for typical mono-, di-, tri-, and tetramethylalkanes comprising most of the commonly appearing series of homologous methyl-branched alkanes up to 53 carbons that are found in insect cuticular hydrocarbons. Typical insect-derived methylalkanes with backbones of 33 carbons were characterized by …

Black Flies, Simulium Spp. (Insecta: Diptera: Simuliidae), J. F. Butler, J. A. Hogsette

United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service / University of Nebraska-Lincoln: Faculty Publications

Introduction

Florida occasionally experiences outbreaks of black flies, though this is a rare occurance, and these large populations are caused by rainfall extremes. Common names for this pest include black flies and turkey gnats, as well as a number of new names applied by Floridians which are not repeatable here. Because of the hump visible behind their head when viewed in profile, black flies are also called buffalo gnats. Like eye gnats, they fly around people's heads, occasionally getting into eyes and ears as well as crawling in the hair. Because most of the specimens collected to date have been …

Spatial Pattern Of Gas Exchange For Montane Moist Meadow Species, Tony Svejcar, Gregg M. Riegel

United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service / University of Nebraska-Lincoln: Faculty Publications

Montane moist meadows of western North America are relatively unique in that they are characterized by annual cycles of spring inundation followed by summer drought. Thus, plants adapted to these ecosystems must cope with a wide range of environmental conditions. We compared gas exchange and water relations of upper canopy leaves and leaf area index (LAI) of three dominant montane meadow graminoids growing at both streamside and mid-meadow locations (2.5 and 20.0 m, respectively from the stream edge). The two locations were environmentally very different in spite of their close proximity. The water table at the streamside location was ca. …

Physiology And Reproduction: Gross Appearance Of The Turkey Blastoderm At Oviposition, M. R. Bakst, S. K. Gupta, W. Potts, V. Akuffo

United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service / University of Nebraska-Lincoln: Faculty Publications

The blastoderm (fertilized ovum) and unfertilized germinal disc (UGD) of fresh laid eggs and eggs stored prior to incubation exhibit subtle but definable morphological variations. Such variations may lead to difficulty when attempting to determine true flock fertility based on the appearance of the blastoderm/UGD. The objectives of this study were to define and categorize such morphological variations and to determine whether sperm influence the frequency distribution of the different categories. Eleven categories of blastoderms were defined based on the relative density and appearance of the area alba, area pellucida, area opaca, and the periblast. The majority of the blastoderms …

Nebraska Summary 287: John Deere 6210 Powrquad Diesel 16-Speed, Nebraska Tractor Test Lab

Nebraska Tractor Tests

ABOUT THE TEST REPORT AND USE OF THE DATA

The test data contained in this report are a tabulation of the results of a series of tests. Due to the restricted format of these pages, only a limited amount of data and not all of the tractor specifications are included. The full OECD report contains usually about 30 pages of data and specifications. The test data were obtained for each tractor under similar conditions and therefore, provide a means of comparison of performance based on a limited set of reported data.

EXPLANATION OF THE TEST PROCEDURES

Purpose

The purpose of …

Nebraska Summary 288: John Deere 6310 Syncroplus Diesel 12-Speed, Nebraska Tractor Test Lab

Nebraska Tractor Tests

ABOUT THE TEST REPORT AND USE OF THE DATA

The test data contained in this report are a tabulation of the results of a series of tests. Due to the restricted format of these pages, only a limited amount of data and not all of the tractor specifications are included. The full OECD report contains usually about 30 pages of data and specifications. The test data were obtained for each tractor under similar conditions and therefore, provide a means of comparison of performance based on a limited set of reported data.

EXPLANATION OF THE TEST PROCEDURES

Purpose

The purpose of …

Nebraska Summary: S283 New Holland 9682, Nebraska Tractor Test Lab

Nebraska Tractor Tests

ABOUT THE TEST REPORT AND USE OF THE DATA The test data contained in this report are a tabulation of the results of a series of tests. Due to the restricted format of these pages, only a limited amount of data and not all of the tractor specifications are included. The full OECD report contains usually about 30 pages of data and specifications. The test data were obtained for each tractor under similar conditions and therefore, provide a means of comparison of performance based on a limited set of reported data. EXPLANATION OF THE TEST PROCEDURES Purpose The purpose of …

Comparison Of Esterases Between Life Stages And Sexes Of Resistant And Susceptible Strains Of German Cockroach (Dictyoptera: Blattellidae), No-Joong Park, Shripat T. Kamble

Department of Entomology: Faculty Publications

Esterase activity between the resistant Crawford and susceptible CSMA strains of German cockroach, Blattella germanica (L.), was compared with the substrates α- and β-naphthyl acetate across sex and nymphal age classes. Esterase isozyme analysis with native polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis also was conducted to identify quantitative and qualitative differences between strains, sexes, and age classes. The Crawford strain was highly resistant to cypermethrin, propoxur, and permethrin with a resistant ratio (RR) of 17.26,15.75,and 13.53, respectively, and mildly resistant to chlorpyrifos (RR 5.62). The α-NA and β-NA esterase activities in the Crawford strain were significantly higher than those activities in the CSMA …

Foster Parents And Aids: Considering The Best Interests Of A Foster Child In In Re Interest Of John T., 4 Neb. Ct. App. 79, 538 N.W.2d 761 (1995), Jenny L. Plager

Nebraska Law Review

This Note first presents the factual background of In re Interest of John T., as well as the ultimate outcome of the situation, which is not evident in the court of appeals opinion itself. Next, this Note presents the legal framework upon which the case can be analyzed. This Note then analyzes the Nebraska Court of Appeal’s opinion in John T., beginning with an analysis of the differences in the rights of biological families as compared to the rights of foster and adoptive families. The meaning of the best interests of the child standard is then examined. The …

Academic Civility Begins In The Classroom, Roger G. Baldwin

Professional and Organizational Development Network in Higher Education: Archives

Values and traditions supporting academic civility are learned in the classroom. This essay discusses the role of the college professor in promoting civil discourse and nurturing overall academic civility.

Ecological Resilience, Biodiversity, And Scale, Garry D. Peterson, Craig R. Allen, C. S. Holling

Nebraska Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit: Staff Publications

We describe existing models of the relationship between species diversity and ecological function, and propose a conceptual model that relates species richness, ecological resilience, and scale.We suggest that species interact with scale-dependent sets of ecological structures and processes that determine functional opportunities. We propose that ecological resilience is generated by diverse, but overlapping, function within a scale and by apparently redundant species that operate at different scales, thereby reinforcing function across scales. The distribution of functional diversity within and across scales enables regeneration and renewal to occur following ecological disruption over a wide range of scales.

Larval Black Crappie Distribution: Implications For Sampling Impoundments And Natural Lakes, Kevin L. Pope, David W. Willis

Nebraska Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit: Staff Publications

An understanding of larval fish distributions is essential for developing an appropriate sampling design to monitor larval abundances. We monitored abundance of larval black crappie Pomoxis nigromaculatus to assess spatial differences in Richmond Lake (a 336-ha impoundment) and Brant Lake (a 405-ha natural lake), South Dakota, during 1994–1996. Age-0 black crappies were collected with a 500-µm mesh ichthyoplankton trawl from fixed sites within each water body. In the impoundment, larval black crappies were collected over a longer period at the upper site than at the dam site during 1994 and 1995. In the natural lake, larval black crappie abundances were …

Mycobacterium Bovis In Coyotes From Michigan, Colleen S. Bruning-Fann, Stephen M. Schmitt, Scott D. Fitzgerald, Janet B. Payeur, Diana L. Whipple, Thomas M. Cooley, Thomas Carlson, Paul Friedrich

Michigan Bovine Tuberculosis Bibliography and Database

During a survey for tuberculosis in wild carnivores and omnivores, Mycobacteriurn bovis was cultured from pooled lymph nodes of three adult female coyotes (Canis latrans) harvested by hunters in Michigan (USA). No gross or histologic lesions suggestive of tuberculosis were seen in these animals. One coyote was taken from Montmorency county and two coyotes from Alcona county located in the northeastern portion of Michigan’s Lower Peninsula where free-ranging white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus) have been found infected with bovine tuberculosis. It is thought that these coyotes became infected with M. bovis through the consumption of tuberculous deer. …

Review Of The Costa Rican Glaphyriinae (Lepidoptera: Pyraloidea: Crambidae), M. Alma Solis, David Adamski

USDA Systematic Entomology Laboratory

Thirty-one species of Glaphyriinae (Crambidae: Pyraloidea) from Costa Rica are reviewed, including nine new species: Aureopteryx olufsoni, Eupoca haakei, Glaphyria tetra spina, Glaphyria spinacrista, Glaphyria stellaspina, Glaphyria spinasingularis, Lipocosma rosalia, Lipocosma pitilla, and Lipocosma fonsecai. Lipocosma teliferalis Dyar is a junior synonym of Lipocosma punctissimalis Dyar, Lipocosma plagalis Schaus is a junior synonym of Lipocosma ausonialis (Druce), and Parambia gleanealis Dyar is a junior synonym of Parambia gnomosynalis Dyar. A key to the identification of Costa Rican species is provided. The presence of a pseudognathos in the male genitalia and modified scales on the area between CuA_{2 …}

1997 Inventory For Spiranthes Diluvialis Sheviak In Western Nebraska: A Final Report, Volume Ii, Terri Hildebrand

Nebraska Game and Parks Commission: White Papers, Conference Presentations, and Manuscripts

This study resulted from an agreement between Nebraska Game and Parks Commission (NGPC) and the United States Fish and Wildlife Service (USFW). After the 1996 discovery of Spiranthes diluvialis, in western Nebraska, NGPC was seeking to determine the extent of the Nebraska population. Information on the wet meadow community of orchid occurrence in Nebraska and eastern Wyoming was needed. This report includes descriptions of communities inventoried, Spiranthes diluvialis populations, and additional species monitored by Nebraska and Wyoming Natural Heritage programs.

Between May and September 1997, potential Spiranthes diluvialis habitat was inventoried for occurrences of the orchid. For all sites …

Declines In Benthic Macroinvertebrate Populations In Southern Lake Michigan, 1980–1993, Thomas F. Nalepa, David J. Hartson, David L. Fanslow, Gregory A. Lang, Stephen J. Lozano

United States Department of Commerce: Staff Publications

Densities of the major benthic macroinvertebrate groups declined dramatically at sites shallower than 50 m in southern Lake Michigan between 1980 and 1993. Declines in Diporeia, Oligochaeta, and Sphaeriidae ranged from 40 to 75% at these depths. Total densities declined from 16 800·m^–2 in 1980–1981 to 4,800·m^–2 in 1992–1993 at sites in the 16–30 m depth interval and from 21,300 to 11,300·m^–2 at sites in the 31–50 m depth interval. Changes at sites deeper than 50 m were minimal; only sphaeriids declined to any extent. Declines in oligochaetes and sphaeriids occurred uniformly throughout the nearshore region …

A Mouse Model For Evaluation Of Prophylaxis And Therapy Of Ebola Hemorrhagic Fever, Mike Bray, Kelly Davis, Tom Geisbert, Connie Schmaljohn, John Higgins

United States Army: Publications

The Zaire subtype of Ebola virus (EBO-Z) is lethal for newborn mice, but adult mice are resistant to the virus, which prevents their use as an animal model of lethal Ebola infection. We serially passed EBO-Z virus in progressively older suckling mice, eventually obtaining a plaque-purified virus that was lethal for mature, immunocompetent BALB/c and C57BL/6 inbred and ICR (CD-1) outbred mice. Pathologic changes in the liver and spleen of infected mice resembled those in EBOZ– infected primates. Virus titers in these tissues reached 109 pfu/g. The LD50 of mouse-adapted EBO-Z virus inoculated into the peritoneal cavity was ~1 virion. …

Influence Of Iron Oxide Inclusion Shape On Coii/Iiiedta Reactive Transport Through Spatially Heterogeneous Sediment, James E. Szecsody, Ashley Chilakapati, John M. Zachara, Amanda Garvin

United States Department of Energy: Publications

Multisolute reactive transport was investigated in chemically heterogeneous systems to determine the influence of the shapes of the reactive heterogeneities (iron oxide inclusions) by comparison of two-dimensional heterogeneous experiments with spatially averaged models that had differing inclusion characterization. Eleven reactions were considered in this system, starting with absorption of the initial solute (Co^IIEDTA) to Fe oxides, followed by two competing surface reactions: oxidation forming Co^IIIEDTA and Fe dissolution forming Fe^IIIEDTA and Co2+. Spatial moments of the eight mobile species were compared between data and models. One spatially averaged model (homogenous equivalent), which incorporated inclusion …

Sediment Ingestion Of Two Sympatric Shorebird Species, Clifford A. Hui, W. Nelson Beyer

United States Geological Survey: Staff Publications

Black-bellied plovers (Pluvialis squatarola) have short bills and primarily peck while foraging whereas Willets (Catoptrophorus semipalmatus) have long bills and primarily probe with bills open in sediments. Intestinal digesta were collected from these species at sympatric overwintering sites in southern California near San Diego to relate sediment ingestion to bill length and feeding behavior. Plover digesta contained an estimated 29% sediment, and Willet digesta an estimated 3% sediment. Techniques based on acid insoluble ash and on the elemental markers of Al, Fe, and Ti in digesta provided similar results. High Ca concentrations in Willet digesta along …

1998 Platte River Basin Ecosystem Symposium Proceedings

Water Current Newsletter

No abstract provided.

Status Of Aphis Vertebrate Pesticides And Drugs, Kathleen A. Fagerstone, Edward W. Schafer Jr.

Vertebrate Pest Conference Proceedings: 18th (1998)

The Wildlife Services (WS) Program manages wildlife/human conflicts by using an integrated approach employing some vertebrate pesticides. These are used in such small quantities that private industry cannot afford to register and produce them profitably. On behalf of WS, the Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service (APHIS) maintains about 30 federal and state pesticide registrations, containing seven active ingredients, with the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). These include: the Compound 1080 Livestock Protection Collar, DRC-1339 Concentrates (Starlicide), Gas Cartridges (carbon and sodium nitrate), the M-44 (sodium cyanide), and a number of baits and concentrates containing Strychnine Alkaloid and Zinc Phosphide. …

The Pig Pro Decision, Networking, And Environmental Protection: The Public Policy Challenge, J. David Aiken

Nebraska Swine Reports

On August 29, 1997, the Nebraska Supreme Court issued its first decision interpreting the provisions of Initiative 300 (I300), Nebraska’s family farm constitutional amendment. In its Pig Pro decision, a unanimous court ruled five Dawson county farmers who sought to form a non-profit cooperative corporation would violate article XII §12 of the Nebraska Constitution (I300). The decision means Nebraska farmers cannot network their operations and receive limited liability protection under I300.