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Common Parasites, Diseases And Injuries Of Freshwater Fishes In The Northwest Territories And Nunavut, D. B. Stewart, L. M. J. Bernier

Zoonotics and Wildlife Disease: Publications

This booklet gives basic information on common parasites, diseases and injuries of fish harvested from fresh water in the Northwest Territories and Nunavut (Canada). It answers some of the more common questions asked by Aboriginal, domestic, sport and commercial harvesters, and by fisheries researchers. It is not an in depth treatment of fish health. Parasites that are uncommon or too small to be seen with the naked eye and diseases that are poorly known are not discussed. Relatively little research has been conducted on fish parasites in the region, less still on fish diseases and injuries.

Search For The Ebola Virus Reservoir In Kikwit, Democratic Republic Of The Congo: Reflections On A Vertebrate Collection, Herwig Leirs, James N. Mills, John W. Krebs, James E. Childs, Dudu Akaibe, Neal Woollen, George Ludwig, Clarence J. Peters, Thomas G. Ksiazek

Zoonotics and Wildlife Disease: Publications

A 3-month ecologic investigation was done to identify the reservoir of Ebola virus following the 1995 outbreak in Kikwit, Democratic Republic of the Congo. Efforts focused on the fields where the putative primary case had worked but included other habitats near Kikwit. Samples were collected from 3066 vertebrates and tested for the presence of antibodies to Ebola (subtype Zaire) virus: All tests were negative, and attempts to isolate Ebola virus were unsuccessful. The investigation was hampered by a lack of information beyond the daily activities of the primary case, a lack of information on Ebola virus ecology, which precluded the …

Oral Transmission And Early Lymphoid Tropism Of Chronic Wasting Disease PrpRes In Mule Deer Fawns (Odocoileus Hemionus), Christina J. Sigurdson, Elizabeth S. Williams, Michael W. Miller, Terry R. Spraker, Katherine I. O'Rourke, Edward A. Hoover

Zoonotics and Wildlife Disease: Publications

Mule deer fawns (Odocoileus hemionus) were inoculated orally with a brain homogenate prepared from mule deer with naturally occurring chronic wasting disease (CWD), a prion-induced transmissible spongiform encephalopathy. Fawns were necropsied and examined for PrP^res, the abnormal prion protein isoform, at 10, 42, 53, 77, 78 and 80 days post-inoculation (p.i.) using an immunohistochemistry assay modified to enhance sensitivity. PrP^res was detected in alimentarytract- associated lymphoid tissues (one or more of the following: retropharyngeal lymph node, tonsil, Peyer’s patch and ileocaecal lymph node) as early as 42 days p.i. and in all fawns examined thereafter …

Prp Genotypes Of Captive And Free-Ranging Rocky Mountain Elk (Cervus Elaphus Nelsoni) With Chronic Wasting Disease, Katherine I. O'Rourke, T. E. Besser, M. W. Miller, T. F. Cline, T. R. Spraker, A. L. Jenny, M. A. Wild, G. L. Zebarth

Zoonotics and Wildlife Disease: Publications

The PrP gene encodes the putative causative agent of the transmissible spongiform encephalopathies (TSEs), a heterogeneous group of fatal, neurodegenerative disorders including human Creutzfeldt–Jakob disease, bovine spongiform encephalopathy, ovine scrapie and chronic wasting disease (CWD) of North American deer and elk. Polymorphisms in the PrP gene are associated with variations in relative susceptibility, pathological lesion patterns, incubation times and clinical course of TSEs of humans, mice and sheep. Sequence analysis of the PrP gene from Rocky Mountain elk showed only one amino acid change (Met to Leu at cervid codon 132). Homozygosity for Met at the corresponding polymorphic site (Met …

"Vertebrate Pests Of Agriculture, Forestry And Public Lands" 1999 Annual Meeting

Western Region Coordinating Committee for Vertebrate Pests of Agriculture, Forestry, and Public Lands (WCC-95)

Table of Contents . . i

1999 Officers. . .1

Minutes . . 2

Number and Title of the Regional Project . . 2

Location and Dates of the Meeting. . 2

Participants/Attendees . . 2

Adopted Agenda . .2

Convening of Sessions (Tuesday 16 November). .3

Prairie Dog Forum4

1999 Business Meeting (Wednesday 17 November) . .5

Presentations (Wednesday 17 November) . .10

Continued Presentations, Special Discussions and Individual Updates. . 12

(Thursday 18 November).

Completion of Sessions (Thursday 18 November). . 15

Participants/ Attendees names and addresses. .16

Abstracts . .20

S. Miller Prairie dogs: the case for …

Characterization And Improvement Of Eos Land Products Using Measurements At Ameriflux Grassland And Wheat Sites In The Arm/Cart Region: Research Annual Performance Report For Period March 1, 1999- February 29, 2000., E. A. Walter-Shea, S. B. Verma

School of Natural Resources: Documents and Reviews

No abstract provided.

Classification Of Explosives Transformation Products In Plant Tissue, Steven L. Larson, Robert P. Jones, Lynn Escalon, Don Parker

United States Army Corps of Engineers, Omaha District

Explosives contamination in surface or groundwater used for the irrigation of food crops and phytoremediation of explosives-contaminated soil or water using plant-assisted biodegradation have brought about concerns as to the fate of explosives in plants. Liquid scintillation counting, high-performance liquid chromatography, and gel permeation chromatography were utilized to characterize explosives (hexahydro-1,3,5-trinitro-1,3,5-triazine and trinitrotoluene) and their metabolites in plant tissues obtained from three separate studies. Analyzing tissues of yellow nutsedge (Cyperus esculentus), corn (Zea mays), lettuce (Lacuta sativa), tomato (Lyopersicum esculentum), radish (Raphanus sativus), and parrot feather (Myriophyllum aquaticum) …

Ec99-219 1999 Nebraska Swine Report, Duane Reese

University of Nebraska-Lincoln Extension: Historical Materials

The 1999 Nebraska Swine Report was prepared by the staff in Animal Science and cooperating Departments for use in Extension, Teaching and Research programs. This publications deals with research on swine reproduction, breeding, health, nutrition, economics, and housing.

Effects Of Fire Retardant Chemical And Fire Suppressant Foam On Shrub Steppe Vegetation In Northern Nevada, Diane L. Larson, Wesley E. Newton, Patrick J. Anderson, Steven J. Stein

United States Geological Survey, Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center: Publications

The objectives of this study were to determine the effects of fire retardant chemical (Phos-Chek G75-F*) and fire suppressant foam (Silv-Ex) application, alone and in combination with fire, on Great Basin shrub steppe vegetation. We measured growth, resprouting, flowering, and incidence of galling insects on Chrysothamnus viscidiflorus and Artemisia tridentata. These characteristics were not affected by any chemical treatment. We measured community characteristics, including species richness, evenness, and diversity, and number of stems of woody and herbaceous plants in riparian and upland plots. Of these characteristics, only species richness and number of stems/m² clearly responded to the chemical …

Alpha Status, Dominance, And Division Of Labor In Wolf Packs, L. David Mech

United States Geological Survey, Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center: Publications

The prevailing view of a wolf (Canis lupus) pack is that of a group of individuals ever vying for dominance but held in check by the “alpha” pair, the alpha male and alpha female. Most research on the social dynamics of wolf packs, however, has been conducted on non-natural assortments of captive wolves. Here I describe the wolf-pack social order as it occurs in nature, discuss the alpha concept and social dominance and submission, and present data on the precise relationships among members in free-living packs, based on a literature review and 13 summers of observations of wolves …

Pisatin Demethylation By Fungal Pathogens And Nonpathogens Of Pea: Association With Pisatin Tolerance And Virulence, Leslie M. Delserone, K. Mccluskey, D. E. Matthews, H. D. Vanetten

University of Nebraska-Lincoln Libraries: Faculty Publications

Previous studies have indicated that detoxification of their hosts’ phytoalexins is a tolerance mechanism for some true fungi, but not the fungus-like Oomycota, and may be involved in determining the virulence of a pathogen. In the present study, the associations between demethylation of the pea phytoalexin pisatin, tolerance to pisatin, and viru­lence on pea were examined for 50 fungal isolates which represent 17 species of pathogens and nonpathogens of pea. All isolates of Pythium coloratum and P. irregulare failed to metabolize and were sensitive to pisatin, consistent with previous observations that members of the Oomycota generally lack the ability …

Fish & Wildlife News: January 1999 (Special Edition: National Wildlife Refuge System Conference)

Fish and Wildlife News

Contents:

High Altitude, High Spirits 2
Honoring a Congressman 5
Media Baron Speaks Up for Wildlife 6
“No More Roads,” Says Babbitt 6
Panelists Address Diversity Issues 9
Barry Describes the “State of the System” 13
Another Roosevelt Who Loves Refuges 15
Winning Managers Share Their Thoughts 17
Results of Breakout Sessions 22
Director Lauds a New Era 23
AD Dan Ashe Looks Back 26
Refuges Chief Coleman Looks Ahead 27

Fish & Wildlife News: January/February 1999

Fish and Wildlife News

Contents:

Anne Badgley in as Region 1 RD 2
Service Releases More Mexican Wolves 4
LE Busts Coral Smuggling Ring 5
Service Embraces Migratory Bird Initiatives 6
A New Concept in Beef 8
Interior Plans 150th Bashes Year-Round 9
Bringing the Hatchery to the Volunteers 10
Cranes Draw Crowds in New Mexico 11
Tribute to Region 1 Employees Killed on Duty 12
Team Implements Ecosystem Approach 15
Fighting Invasives in the Ohio River 16
Hollywood Comes to a Refuge 18
Rare Fish Makes a Comeback 23
Student Leaders Take D.C. by Storm 26

1999-00 Unopa Executive Board Minutes

UNOPA: Minutes

No abstract provided.

Plant And Breeding Bird Communities Of Black-Tailed Prairie Dog Colonies And Non-Colonized Areas In Southwest Kansas And Southeast Colorado, Stephen L. Winter

School of Natural Resources: Dissertations, Theses, and Student Research

This research was initiated to determine if plant and bird communities on black-tailed prairie dog (Cynomys ludovicianus Ord) colonies in southwest Kansas and southeast Colorado differed from those found on associated non-colonized areas. Vegetation height and density, and the cover and frequency of numerous plant species differed between prairie dog colonies and non-colonized areas that were co-dominated by mid-height grasses and shortgrasses. A comparison of prairie dog colonies with non-colonized areas that were dominated solely by shortgrasses did not reveal a difference in vegetation height and density. The number of species that differed in cover or frequency between prairie dog …

Small Farming Systems For The Midwest And Reintegrating Agriculture And Community In The Midwest, Richard Olson, Lisa Bauer

CARI Extension and Education Materials for Sustainable Agriculture

Part I: Small Farming Systems for the Midwest Small farms are real farms. 1 John Ikerd

A time to act for family-sized farms. 7 Chuck Hassebrook

Successful systems for market gardening 13 Lynn Byczynski

Hogs, hoop houses, and holistic management: A diversified crop/livestock farm 23 Tom Frantzen

Trees and herbs: A multi-storied agricultural system for southeastern Iowa 29 Tom Wahl, Kathy Dice

Integrating quality of life, economic and environmental issues: An agroecosystem analysis of Amish farming 39 Deborah Stinner, Richard Moore, Benjamin Stinner, Fred Hitzhusen

Adding value: Pastured-poultry, direct marketing and other strategies 47 Muriel Barrett

Integrating management-intensive grazing with …

Hydrogen-Deuterium Exchange And Ultraviolet Resonance Raman Spectroscopy Of Bacteria In A Complex Food Matrix, Gregory P. Harhay, Gregory R. Siragusa

Roman L. Hruska U.S. Meat Animal Research Center: Reports

The rapid identification and quantification of pathogenic foodborne bacteria is a national research priority. Data collected with a new spectrochemical method suggests that resonance Raman spectroscopy can rapidly and selectively identify and quantify bacteria in foods and other complex biomatrices. This method utilizes hydrogen-deuterium exchange (HDE) to resolve the spectral fingerprints of individual components in the overlapped regions of the ultraviolet resonance Raman spectra of heterogeneous samples. We illustrate this concept with HDE-induced changes in the spectra of bacteria and beef carcass wash samples. The data presented here suggest that the combination of ultraviolet resonance Raman spectroscopy and HDE can …

Flea News 57 (January 1999), Robert E. Lewis

Flea News

Mailing list changes

Miscellanea: The following article concerning plague in prairie dogs in Texas is taken from the July-August issue of the Technical Information Bulletin of the Armed Forces Pest Management Board.

Siphonaptera literature

American Society Of Parasitologists Newsletter, V. 21, No. 4, December 31, 1999, Scott Lyell Gardner

American Society of Parasitologists: Newsletter

An issue of the American Society of Parasitologists' quarterly newsletter, also called the Journal of Parasitology Newsletter.

1999 Platte River Basin Ecosystem Symposium Proceedings

Water Current Newsletter

No abstract provided.

Theodore Dru Alison Cockerell, Sue Ann Gardner

University of Nebraska-Lincoln Libraries: Faculty Publications

Theodore Dru Alison Cockerell, entomologist and systematic biologist, published nearly 4,000 papers, some of them only a few lines long. Cockerell’s special interest in bees led him to describe and name specimens from the United States, the West Indies, Honduras, the Philippines, Africa, and Asia. He published at least 5,500 names for species and varieties of bees and almost 150 names for genera and subgenera. It has been estimated that this represented over a quarter of all known species of bees during his lifetime. Above all, however, Cockerell was a general systematist. In addition to extensive studies of bees and …

Family Cluster Of Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever, James E. Childs, Timothy F. Jones, Allen S. Craig, Christopher D. Paddock, Don B. Mckechnie, Sherif R. Zaki, William Schaffner

Zoonotics and Wildlife Disease: Publications

Soon after a patient from Tennessee died of Rocky Mountain spotted fever (RMSF), several family members developed symptoms suggestive of the disease and were treated presumptively for RMSF. Fifty-four persons visiting the index patient's home were interviewed; serum samples were collected from 35. Three additional cases of RMSF were confirmed, all of which occurred in firstdegree relatives. Time spent at the family home and going into the surrounding woods were significantly associated with developing antibodies to Rickettsia rickettsii. Ticks were collected and examined for rickettsiae by polymerase chain reaction analysis. Because hyperendemic foci and family clusters of RMSF can …

Molecular Cloning And Characterization Of The Ehrlichia Chaffeensis Variable-Length Pcr Target: An Antigen-Expressing Gene That Exhibits Interstrain Variation, John W. Sumner, James E. Childs, Christopher D. Paddock

Zoonotics and Wildlife Disease: Publications

A clone expressing an immunoreactive protein with an apparent molecular mass of 44 kDa was selected from an Ehrlichia chaffeensis Arkansas genomic library by probing with anti-E. chaffeensis hyperimmune mouse ascitic fluid. Nucleotide sequencing revealed an open reading frame (ORF) capable of encoding a 198-aminoacid polypeptide. The ORF contained four imperfect, direct, tandem 90-bp repeats. The nucleotide and deduced amino acid sequences did not show close homologies to entries in the molecular databases. PCR with primers whose sequences matched the sequences flanking the ORF was performed with DNA samples extracted from cell cultures infected with nine different isolates of E. …

Serologic Testing For Human Granulocytic Ehrlichiosis At A National Referral Center, James A. Comer, William L. Nicholson, James G. Olson, James E. Childs

Zoonotics and Wildlife Disease: Publications

An indirect immunofluorescence assay (IFA) was used to identify patients with antibodies reactive to the human granulocytic ehrlichiosis (HGE) agent. Serum samples collected from clinically ill individuals were submitted to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention by physicians via state health departments from throughout the United States and tested against a panel of ehrlichial and rickettsial pathogens. Antibodies reactive to the HGE agent were detected in 142 (8.9%) of 1,602 individuals tested. There were 19 confirmed and 59 probable (n = 78) cases of HGE as defined by seroconversion or a fourfold or higher titer to the HGE agent …

Report Of The Poplar Working Group, Steve Strauss

United States Department of Energy: Publications

Poplars consist of all species of the genus Populus, including cottonwoods, aspens, and the many interspecies hybrids in common use (Dickmann and Stuart 1983). Our working group focused on the fungal pathogens, arthropod herbivores, and weed competitors of Populus in the United States. However, bacterial and viral diseases of Populus are significant in Europe, and genetic engineering approaches toward their control or management are being studied. The key aspects of poplar biology important to understanding the use of pest resistance genes are described below.

Metal Oxide Surfaces And Their Interactions With Aqueous Solutions And Microbial Organisms, Gordon E. Brown Jr., Victor Henrich, William Casey, David Clark, Carrick Eggleston, Andrew Felmy Andrew Felmy, D. Wayne Goodman, Michael Gratzel, Gary Maciel, Maureen I. Mccarthy, Kenneth H. Nealson, Dimitri Sverjensky, Michael Toney, John M. Zachara

United States Department of Energy: Publications

During the past decade, interest in chemical reactions occurring at metal oxide-aqueous solution interfaces has increased significantly because of their importance in a variety of fields, including atmospheric chemistry, heterogeneous catalysis and photocatalysis, chemical sensing, corrosion science, environmental chemistry and geochemistry, metallurgy and ore beneficiation, metal oxide crystal growth, soil science, semiconductor manufacturing and cleaning, and tribology. The metal oxide-aqueous solution interface is reactive due to acid-base, ligand-exchange, and/or redox chemistry involving protons (hydronium ions), hydroxyl groups, aqueous metal ions, and aqueous organic species and also complexes among these species. Interfacial localization of those species (adsorption) may result from electrostatic, …

Baleen Whales: Conservation Issues And The Status Of The Most Endangered Populations, Phillip Clapham, Sharon Young, Robert L. Brownell Jr.

United States Department of Commerce: Staff Publications

Most species of baleen whales were subject to intensive overexploitation by commercial whaling in this and previous centuries, and many populations were reduced to small fractions of their original sizes. Here, we review the status of baleen whale stocks, with an emphasis on those that are known or thought to be critically endangered. Current data suggest that, of the various threats potentially affecting baleen whales, only entanglement in fishing gear and ship strikes may be significant at the population level, and then only in those populations which are already at critically low abundance. The impact of some problems (vessel harassment, …

Hunting And Social Behaviour Of Leopard Seals (Hydrurga Leptonyx) At Seal Island, South Shetland Islands, Antarctica, Lisa M. Hiruki, Michael K. Schwartz, Peter L. Boveng

United States Department of Commerce: Staff Publications

The hunting behavior of leopard seals Hydrurga leptonyx was monitored opportunistically at Seal Island, South Shetland Islands, during the austral summers from 1986/87 to 1994/95. Leopard seals used several methods to catch Antarctic fur seal pups Arctocephalus gazella and chinstrap penguins Pygoscelis antarctica, and individuals showed different hunting styles and hunting success. One to two leopard seals per year were responsible for an average of 60% of observed captures of fur seal pups. Leopard seals preyed on penguins throughout the summer, but preyed on fur seal pups only between late December and mid-February. Hunting behavior differed significantly between different …

Sensitivity Of Fish Embryos To Weathered Crude Oil: Part Ii. Increased Mortality Of Pink Salmon (Oncorhynchus Gorbuscha) Embryos Incubating Downstream From Weathered Exxon Valdez Crude Oil, Ron A. Heintz, Jeffrey W. Short, Stanley D. Rice

United States Department of Commerce: Staff Publications

We incubated pink salmon embryos under three exposure conditions, direct contact with oil-coated gravel, effluent from oil-coated gravel, and direct contact with gravel coated with very weathered oil (VWO). Embryo mortalities and polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) accumulation in embryo tissues during the direct-contact and effluent exposure experiments were not significantly different, indicating that PAH accumulation was mediated by aqueous transport. Mortality rates for embryos exposed initially to a total PAH concentration (TPAH) of 1.0 ppb were significantly higher than controls when the PAH were derived from VWO. The same aqueous TPAH concentration failed to increase mortality rates when the PAH …

Bacterial Toxins: Friends Or Foes?, Clare K. Schmitt, Karen C. Meysick, Alison D. O'Brien

Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences

Many emerging and reemerging bacterial pathogens synthesize toxins that serve as primary virulence factors. We highlight seven bacterial toxins produced by well-established or newly emergent pathogenic microbes. These toxins, which affect eukaryotic cells by a variety of means, include Staphylococcus aureus α-toxin, Shiga toxin, cytotoxic necrotizing factor type 1, Escherichia coli heat-stable toxin, botulinum and tetanus neurotoxins, and S. aureus toxic-shock syndrome toxin. For each, we discuss the information available on its synthesis and structure, mode of action, and contribution to virulence. We also review the role certain toxins have played in unraveling signal pathways in eukaryotic cells and summarize …