Digital Commons Network^™

Carbaryl Susceptibility, Diagnostic Concentration Determination, And Synergism For U.S. Populations Of Western Corn Rootworm (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae), Michael E. Scharf, Lance J. Meinke, Blair D. Siegfried, Robert J. Wright, Laurence D. Chandler

Department of Entomology: Faculty Publications

Baseline carbaryl susceptibility and potential resistance mechanisms were identified in U.S. populations of western corn rootworm, Diabrotica virgifera virgifera LeConte, using lethal concentration, diagnostic concentration, and synergism bioassays. Twenty-two adult rootworm populations were examined from the states of Indiana, Illinois, Iowa, Kansas, Nebraska, Ohio, Pennsylvania, South Dakota, Texas, and Virginia. Lethal concentration bioassays, conducted within carbaryl-coated glass vials on 12 populations, identified resistance in only 2 Nebraska populations. A diagnostic concentration of carbaryl was subsequently identified which caused 100 and 40% mortality in standard susceptible and known resistant populations, respectively. In diagnostic concentration bioassays on all 22 populations, substantial decreases …

Influence Of Rhopus Nigroclavatus (Hymenoptera: Encyrtidae) On The Mealybugs Tridiscus Sporoboli And Trionymus Sp. (Homoptera: Pseudococcidae), Tiffany Heng-Moss, Frederick P. Baxendale, Terrance P. Riordan, Linda J. Young

Department of Entomology: Faculty Publications

This research investigated parasitism of the buffalograss mealybugs Tridiscus sporoboli (Cockerell) and Trionymus sp. by Rhopus nigroclavatus (Ashmead) through rearing and dissection studies, paired comparison tests, and a field survey. Rates of parasitism reported in this article reflect combined parasitism of the 2 mealybug species. In the rearing study, parasitism of adult female mealybugs by R. nigroclavatus was 48.6%, with an average emergence of 1.77 parasitoids per parasitized mealybug. A maximum of 7 R. nigroclavatus adults emerged from a single mealybug female. Mealybug dissections documented parasitism rates by R. nigroclavatus of 78.5, 67.5, and 4.3%, respectively, for adult females, 3rd …

Levels Of Major Selenoproteins In T Cells Decrease During Hiv Infection And Low Molecular Mass Selenium Compounds Increase, Vadim Gladyshev, Thressa C. Stadtman, Dolph L. Hatfield, Kuan-Teh Jeang

Vadim Gladyshev Publications

It has been observed previously that plasma selenium and glutathione levels are subnormal in HIV-infected individuals, and plasma glutathione peroxidase activity is decreased. Under these conditions the survival rate of AIDS patients is reduced significantly. In the present study, using ⁷⁵Se-labeled human Jurkat T cells, we show that the levels of four ⁷⁵Se-containing proteins are lower in HIV-infected cell populations than in uninfected cells. These major selenoproteins migrated as 57-, 26-, 21-, and 15-kDa species on SDS/PAGE gels. In our earlier studies, the 57-kDa protein was purified from T cells and identified as a subunit of thioredoxin reductase. …

The Life Cycle Of A Horsehair Worm, Gordius Robustus (Nematomorpha: Gordioidea), Ben Hanelt, John J. Janovy Jr.

John J. Janovy, Jr. Publications

Aspects of the life cycle of the nematomorph Gordius robustus were investigated. Gordius robustus larvae fed to Tenebrio molitor (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae) readily penetrated and subsequently encysted in the posterior portion of the midgut wall. Parasite development was then arrested in each infected beetle. Upon feeding these cysts to laboratory-reared Gryllus firmus. worm larvae developed to adults in the cricket hemocoel. In an additional experiment, G. robustus larvae fed to G. firmus did not develop to adults. These findings are in contrast to other studies that found direct infection to be an alternative mode of infection. This experiment is the …

Bovine Follicular Dynamics, Oocyte Recovery,And Development Of Oocytes Microinjected With A Green Fluorescent Protein Construct, M S. Chauhan, S Nadir, T L. Bailey, A W. Pryor, S P. Butler, D R. Notter, William H. Velander, F C. Gwazdauskas

Papers in Biotechnology

The present study was carried out to 1) evaluate the viability of in vitro fertilized zygotes after microinjection of DNA, 2) assess the influence of oocyte quality upon the development rate of embryos when injected with DNA, and 3) determine the integration frequency of green fluorescent protein DNA into microinjected embryos. Oocytes were aspirated from ovaries of nine nonlactating Holsteins and were categorized into grades A, B, C, and D. At 16 h after in vitro fertilization, approximately half of the pronuclear stage presumptive zygotes were classified as having 1 pronucleus or 2 pronuclei, and they were microinjected with DNA …

Child Physical Abuse, David J. Hansen, Georganna Sedlar, Jody E. Warner-Rogers

Department of Psychology: Faculty Publications

Widespread attention to the problem of child physical abuse has increased dramatically in recent decades. Extensive research evidence has described child physical abuse as a complex, multidimensional phenomenon that is best assessed by procedures using multiple modalities (e.g., interview, self-report, direct observation) that address multiple content areas. Comprehensive assessment is essential for identifying risk and occurrence of abuse, guiding the focus or direction of treatment, as well as monitoring treatment efficacy and outcome, all of which may be disseminated to interested parties as appropriate (e.g., CPS, judicial system, school, other treatment providers). Increasingly specific and relevant procedures have become available …

Bovine Tuberculosis Eradication: Uniform Methods And Rules, Effective January 22, 1999

Michigan Bovine Tuberculosis Bibliography and Database

These Uniform Methods and Rules (UMR) are the minimum standards adopted and approved by the Deputy Administrator, Veterinary Services (VS), Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service (APHIS), on January 21, 1999. They were established for the maintenance of tuberculosis-free accredited herds of cattle, captive cervids, bison, and goats, and the maintenance of State status in the U.S. Department of Agriculture’s tuberculosis eradication program.

These minimum standards do not preclude the adoption of more stringent standards by any State, status zone within a State, or region containing multiple States.

Jan 1999, Tractor Museum

Lester F. Larsen Tractor Museum: Planning and Development Documents

Museum Open House Officer Elections UN Museum

Locomotion And Conditioned Place Preference Produced By Acute Intravenous Amphetamine: Role Of Dopamine Receptors And Individual Differences In Amphetamine Self-Administration, M. T. Bardo, J. M. Valone, Rick A. Bevins

Department of Psychology: Faculty Publications

Although previous studies have shown that dopamine (DA) antagonists block amphetamine reward, these studies have utilized animal models that involve repeated exposures to amphetamine. The present investigation examined the effect of DA antagonists on single-trial conditioned place preference (CPP) produced by acute intravenous (IV) amphetamine in rats. In the first experiment, rats were prepared with a jugular catheter and then received an acute IV injection of amphetamine (0.1–3 mg/kg) paired with one compartment of a CPP apparatus. Relative to sham controls (no IV catheter), amphetamine produced a dose-dependent increase in locomotor activity and CPP. Two further experiments demonstrated that both …

Measuring Fractional Cover And Leaf Area Index In Arid Ecosystems: Digital Camera, Radiation Transmittance, And Laser Altimetry Methods, Michael A. White, Gregory P. Asner, Ramakrishna R. Nemani, Jeff L. Privette, Steven W. Running

United States National Aeronautics and Space Administration: Publications

Field measurement of shrubland ecological properties is important for both site monitoring and validation of remote sensing information. During the May 1997 NASA Earth Observing System Jornada Prototype Validation Exercise, we calculated plot-level plant area index, leaf area index, total fractional cover, and green fractional cover with data from four instruments: (1) a Dycam Agricultural Digital Camera (ADC), (2) a LI-COR LAI-2000 plant canopy analyzer, (3) a Decagon sunfleck Ceptometer, and (4) a laser altimeter. Estimates from the LAI-2000 and Ceptometer were very similar (plant area index 0.3, leaf area index 0.22, total fractional cover 0.19, green fractional cover 0.14), …

Integration Of Hydroxyapatite Concentration Of Bacteria And Seminested Pcr To Enhance Detection Of Salmonella Typhimurium From Ground Beef And Bovine Carcass Sponge Samples, Elaine D. Berry, Gregory R. Siragusa

Roman L. Hruska U.S. Meat Animal Research Center: Reports

Hydroxyapatite (HA) concentration of bacteriafiom ground beef and bovine carcass sponge samples was examined as a method to enhance the PCR detection of Salmonella typhimurium in these samples. Ground beef and carcass sponge samples were inoculated with progressively lower levels of S. typhimurium. Concentrated (10% HA) and unconcentrated samples were prepared for PCR after 0, 2, 3, or 4 h of nonselective enrichment. Without HA concentration and enrichment, Salmonella in ground beef was not detected by seminested PCR, even when present at levels of 10³ cells/mL in the 1:10 ground beef homogenates. However, when bacteria in these samples were …

Intsormil 1999 Annual Report, John M. Yohe, Thomas Crawford Jr., Joan Frederick, Dorothy Stoner

INTSORMIL Impacts and Bulletins

Presently, worldwide, more than 800 million people do not get enough to eat or have access to a balanced diet to be healthy. At the World Food Summit in 1996, the United States of America (USA) and 185 other countries pledged to reduce the number of malnourished people by one half by 2015. It is shocking that about 33% of preschool children in developing countries will be stunted due to malnutrition by the year 2000. The number of stunted children in Africa alone has increased significantly from 35 million in 1980 to 45 million in 1995 and is predicted to …

Notes And Correspondence: The Effects Of Data Gaps On The Calculated Monthly Mean Maximum And Minimum Temperatures In The Continental United States: A Spatial And Temporal Study, David E. Stooksbury, Craig D. Idso, Kenneth G. Hubbard

School of Natural Resources: Faculty Publications

Gaps in otherwise regularly scheduled observations are often referred to as missing data. This paper explores the spatial and temporal impacts that data gaps in the recorded daily maximum and minimum temperatures have on the calculated monthly mean maximum and minimum temperatures. For this analysis 138 climate stations from the United States Historical Climatology Network Daily Temperature and Precipitation Data set were selected. The selected stations had no missing maximum or minimum temperature values during the period 1951–80. The monthly mean maximum and minimum temperatures were calculated for each station for each month. For each month 1–10 consecutive days of …

A Model To Predict Breeding-Season Productivity For Multibrooded Songbirds, Larkin A. Powell, Michael J. Conroy, David Krementz, Jason Lang

School of Natural Resources: Faculty Publications

Breeding-season productivity (the per capita number of offspring surviving to the end of the breeding season) is seldom estimated for multibrooded songbirds because of cost and logistical constraints. However, this parameter is critical for predictions of population growth rates and comparisons of seasonal productivity across geographic or temporal scales. We constructed a dynamic, stochastic, individual-based model of breeding-season productivity using demographic data from Wood Thrushes (Hylocichla mustelina) in central Georgia from 1993 to 1996. The model predicts breeding-season productivity as a function of adult survival, juvenile survival, nesting success, season length, rene sting interval, and juvenile-care intervals. The model predicted …

The Relative Importance Of Patch Area And Perimeter–Area Ratio To Grassland Breeding Birds, Christopher J. Helzer, Dennis E. Jelinski

School of Natural Resources: Faculty Publications

Habitat fragmentation has been implicated as a major cause of population decline in grassland birds. We tested the hypothesis that a combination of area and shape determines the use of grassland patches by breeding birds. We compared both species richness and individual species presence in 45 wet meadow grasslands in the floodplain of the central Platte River, Nebraska. Bird data were collected through the use of belt transects and supplemented by walking and listening outside transects. Our data supported our primary hypothesis that perimeter–area ratio, which reflects both the area and shape of a patch, is the strongest predictor of …

Tracks To Therapy, Robert Katz, F. A. Cucinotta

Robert Katz Publications

Studies of the structure of particle tracks have led to models of track effects based on radial dose and radiobiological target theory that have been very successful in describing and predicting track effects in physical, chemical, and biological systems. For describing mammalian cellular inactivation two inactivation modes are required, called gamma-kill aid ion-kill, the first due to synergistic effects of delta rays from adjacent ion paths thus resembling the effects from gamma rays, and the second to the effects of single ion transits through a cell nucleus. The ion-kill effect is more severe, where the fraction of cells experiencing ion …

Dispersal Of Synanthropic Diptera: Lessons From The Past And Technology For The Future, Carl J. Jones, Scott A. Isard, M. Roberto Cortinas

Department of Entomology: Faculty Publications

The impact of aerial invasion of new habitats by dispersal of synanthropic arthropods on human society is one of the most important topics in the entomological world. A review is presented of important advances in the knowledge of dispersal of a number of dipteran species that cause damage to, or serve as vectors for diseases of, humans and associated animals. The components of aerial dispersal are delineated, and forms of dispersal are defined in the context of interactive forces that result in dispersal by synanthropic Diptera. Migratory flights by black flies are put into ecological perspective, as are the wind-borne …

Habitat Associations Of Migrating And Overwintering Grassland Birds In Southern Texas, Lawrence D. Igl, Bart M. Ballard

United States Geological Survey, Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center: Publications

We report on the habitat associations of 21 species of grassland birds over- wintering in or migrating through southern Texas, during 1991-1992 and 1992-1993. Ninety percent of our grassland bird observations were made during winter and spring, and only 10% occurred during fall. Grassland species made up a high proportion of the total bird densities in grassland and shrub-grassland habitats, but much lower proportions in the habitats with more woody vegetation. Fewer grassland species were observed in grassland and woodland than in brushland, parkland, and shrub-grassland habitats. Grassland birds generally were found in higher densities in habitats that had woody …

Influence Of Aqueous And Solid-Phase Fe(Ii) Complexants On Microbial Reduction Of Crystalline Iron(Iii) Oxides, Matilde Urrutia, Eric E. Roden, John M. Zachara

United States Department of Energy: Publications

The influence of aqueous (NTA and EDTA) and solidphase (aluminum oxide, layer silicates) Fe(II) complexants on the long-term microbial reduction of synthetic goethite by Shewanella alga strain BrY was studied. NTA enhanced goethite reduction by promoting aqueous Fe(II) accumulation, in direct proportion to its concentration in culture medium (0.01-5 mM). In contrast, EDTA failed to stimulate goethite reduction at concentrations e1 mM, and 5 mM EDTA enhanced the final extent of reduction by only 25% in relation to nonchelator controls. The minor effect of EDTA compared to NTA, despite the greater stability of the Fe(II)- EDTA complex, likely resulted from …

Application Of Polymerase Chain Reaction To The Diagnosis Of Infectious Diseases, David N. Fredricks, David A. Relman

United States Department of Veterans Affairs: Publications

PCR and other sequence-based microbial detection methods, once considered to be only research tools, are being used increasingly in the clinical microbiology laboratory. As this technology expands into the clinical arena, clinicians will need to learn its advantages and limitations so that sound judgments can be made. Astute clinicians know that results of blood culture reports, whether positive or negative, must be interpreted using an understanding of the test employed and an assessment of the clinical scenario. Similarly, infectious diseases practitioner will need to expand their understanding of PCR-based diagnostics so that these powerful tests are used appropriately.

It is …

Absence Of Kaposi's Sarcoma-Associated Herpesvirus Dna In Bacillary Angiomatosis-Peliosis Lesions, David A. Relman, David N. Fredricks, Kristine E. Yoder, Ginat Mirowski, Timothy Berger, Jane E. Koehler

United States Department of Veterans Affairs: Publications

Bartonella henselae and B. quintana induce an unusual vascular proliferative tissue response known as bacillary angiomatosis (BA) and bacillary peliosis (BP) in some human hosts. The mechanisms of Bartonella-associated vascular proliferation remain unclear. Although host factors probably play a role, microbial coinfection has not been ruled out. Because of the vascular proliferative characteristics noted in both Kaposi's sarcoma (KS) and BA and occasional colocalization of KS and BA, the possibility was explored that KS-associated herpes virus (KSHV) might be associated with BA lesions. Tissues with BA and positive and negative control tissues were tested for the presence of KSHV …

Annual Review Of The World Pheasant Association 1998/1999, World Pheasant Association

Galliformes Specialist Group and Affiliated Societies: Reports and Other Materials

President's message, Keith C. R. Howman

Chairman's report, Richard P. Howard

Annual report of Council 1998/99

Treasurer's annual report and accounts, Ian F.. Hoggarth

Conservation Breeding Advisory Committee report, Han Assink

Chapters and Affiliate reports

Pheasant Specialist Group report, Peter J. Garson

Partridge, Quail and Francolin Specialist Group report, John P. Carroll

Grouse Specialist Group report, Ilse Storch

Megapode Specialist Group report, René W. R. J. Dekker

Cracid Specialist Group report, Daniel M. Brooks and Stuart D. Strahl

WPA-South Asia Regional Office, Rahul Kaul

Pheasant surveys in Pakistan, Rab Nawaz

A preliminary study of the effects of habitat isolation and …

Ec99-1563 Corn Rootworm Management, Robert J. Wright, Lance J. Meinke, Keith J. Jarvi

University of Nebraska-Lincoln Extension: Historical Materials

Corn rootworms (Diabrotica spp.) are one of the most economically important corn insects in Nebraska. The western corn rootworm, D. virgifera virgifera LeConte, and the northern corn rootworm, D. barberi Smith and Lawrence, are the most economically important rootworm species in Nebraska. A third species, the southern corn rootworm, D. undecimpunctata howardi Barber, causes little economic damage to corn and has not been shown to overwinter in Nebraska. This publication will focus on the biology and management of the western and northern corn rootworms.

A Single Nucleotide Polymorphism In The Bovine Kit Oncogene (Hardy−Zuckerman 4 Feline Sarcoma Viral (V-Kit) Oncogene Homolog), M. D. Grosz, R. T. Stone

Roman L. Hruska U.S. Meat Animal Research Center: Reports

Source/description

PCR conditions and SNP analysis

Polymorphism

Inheritance

Chromosomal location

G99-1384 Gray Leaf Spot Of Corn, James Stack

University of Nebraska-Lincoln Extension: Historical Materials

All corn hybrids and inbreds are susceptible to gray leaf spot in varying degrees. This NebGuide discusses the symptoms, impacts and management of this disease.

Corn is grown throughout Nebraska on over 8 million acres of land; approximately 5 million acres are irrigated. The market is segmented into seed corn, field corn and specialty corns (e.g., high oil, high amylose and white corn). Field corn represents the largest portion of the acreage grown. To varying degrees, all corn hybrids and inbreds are susceptible to gray leaf spot disease.

Gray leaf spot is a significant disease worldwide. It has been present …

Adaptive Harvest Management Working Group, Fred Johnson

United States Fish and Wildlife Service: Publications

AHM Implementation: Status and Issues (Fred Johnson)

Pacific Flyway Report (Dan Yparraguirre, Tom Aldrich, and Bob Trost)

Central Flyway Report (Mike Johnson, Jim Gammonley, and Dave Sharp)

Mississippi Flyway Report (Dale Humburg, Scott Baker, and Ken Gamble)

Atlantic Flyway Report (Bryan Swift, Gary Costanzo, and Jerry Serie)

Modeling and Adaptive Management of American Black Duck Populations (Mike Conroy)

Estimating optimal waterfowl harvest decisions using the genetic algorithm (Clinton T. Moore, Michael J. Conroy, Kevin Boston, and Walter D. Potter)

Communications Update (Dave Case and the Communications Team)

Communications Workshop (Fred Johnson and Working Group)

Current Conditions and Outlook for Breeding …

The Probe, Issue 196 – January 1999

The Probe: Newsletter of the National Animal Damage Control Association

A History of the Wildlife Services Program -- Donald W. Hawthorne, Gary L. Nunley, and Vivian Prothro, USDA-APHIS-Wildlife Services, Oklahoma and Texas
Position Available: Postdoctoral Research Associate, U.S.D.A. Agricultural Research Service, Stuttgart National Aquaculture Research Center (SNARC) in Stuttgart, Arkansas.
Book Review: "Being Kind to Animal Pests: A No-Nonsense Guide to Humane Animal Control with Cage Traps" by Steve Meyer (self-published), Garrison, I A 1991. 132 pages.
Position Announcement: Post Graduate Researcher, Dept. of Wildlife, Fish and Conservation Biology, University of California, Davis
Scmidt Appointed to AVMA Panel on Euthanasia

Abstracts from the 5th Annual Conference of The Wildlife Society, …

Records Of Millennial-Scale Climate Change From The Great Basin Of The Western United States, Larry Benson

United States Geological Survey: Staff Publications

High-resolution (decadal) records of climate change from the Owens, Mono, and Pyramid Lake basins of California and Nevada indicate that millennial scale oscillations in climate of the Great Basin occurred between 52.6 and 9.2 ¹⁴Ck a. Climate records from the Owen sand Pyramid Lake basins indicate that most, but not all, glacier advance (stades) between 52.6 and ~15.0 ¹⁴C ka occurred during relatively dry times. During the last alpine glacial period (-60.0 to -14.0 ⁴C ka), stadial/interstadial oscillations were recorded in Owens and Pyramid Lake sediments by the negative response of phytoplankton productivity to the influx of …

Racing (Erasing) White Privilege In Teacher/Research Writing About Race, Amy M. Goodburn

Department of English: Faculty Publications

In this essay, I examine several spheres of “race construction” and the ethical implications of these constructions for how I—as a white composition teacher/researcher—named, described, and interpreted student response in a dissertation chapter I wrote on a student discussion of Toni Morrison’s The Bluest Eye within a writing course focused on “difference.” This essay describes my own process of coming to understand the ways that my readings of classroom events were/are shaped by my position as a white teacher/researcher and the implications for understanding what naming these moments might mean for others engaged in composition research. In particular, I examine …

Introduction, Dan Bernstein

Department of Psychology: Faculty Publications

This volume is about motivation and gender. The chapters outline recent research and conceptual analysis related to four important motivational constructs-sexuality, emotion, competition, and aggression. In each case the author has examined the relation between the motivational construct and gender; the chapters describe those relations and analyze their origins and implications. There are two primary ideas that connect these accounts of gender and motivation: the authors generally report great diversity within gender groups in the degree to which these motivational characteristics are found, and they note that there is much to be considered in exactly how these motivational constructs are …