Digital Commons Network^™

An Investigation Of The Cognitive And Perceptual Dynamics Of A Color–Digit Synesthete, Eric C. Odgaard, John H. Flowers, H. Lynn Bradman

Department of Psychology: Faculty Publications

L, a 47-year-old female of Choctaw descent, was first identified as a potential synesthete on the basis of self-report data regarding digit–color associations. Upon completion of the identification procedures typified in the literature, it was concluded that L met the classic memory-performance criteria used to identify synesthetic ability. A series of Stroop-type tasks were then performed to identify the dynamics of her synesthetic experiences. The results of these analyses provided three findings of note. First, the clear pattern of response-time differences between L and the control group suggests that tasks designed to produce involuntary divisions of attention can be an …

Thirteen-Lined Ground Squirrel (Sciuridae: Spermophilus Tridecemlineatus) Antipredator Vigilance: Monitoring The Sky For Aerial Predators, Cody L. Arenz, Daniel Leger

Department of Psychology: Faculty Publications

Despite the success of antipredator vigilance research, the specific focus of this vigilance has been difficult to determine. We have previously shown that thirteen-lined ground squirrels (Spermophilus tridecemlineatus) increase their vigilance when their lateral field of view is obstructed. In this paper, we describe an experiment in which we attempt to determine the predator class for which this vigilance is directed. Using six differentially occluded Plexiglas foraging boxes with hinged “eaves,” we were able to obstruct the squirrels’ view of the sky while not obstructing their view of terrestrial threats. In general, across the box types, when their …

Potential Associations Among Genetic Markers In The Serotonergic System And The Antisocial Alcoholism Subtype, E. M. Hill, S. F. Stoltenberg, M. Burmeister, M. Closser, R. A. Zucker

Department of Psychology: Faculty Publications

Alcoholism is transmitted in families. The complexity and heterogeneity of this disorder has made it difficult to identify specific genetic correlates. One design with the potential to do so is the family-based association study, in which the frequencies of genetic polymorphisms are compared between affected and nonaffected members. Reduced central serotonin neurotransmission is associated with features of an antisocial subtype of alcoholism, although a primary deficit has not been traced to a particular component. Genetic markers related to the serotonergic system have been identified, located, and cloned. If associations can be discovered, the development process for pharmacotherapy could be facilitated. …

Cognitive-Behavioral Group Therapy Versus Phenelzine In Social Phobia: Long-Term Outcome, Michael R. Liebowitz, Richard G. Heimberg, Franklin R. Schneier, Debra A. Hope, Sharon Davies, Craig S. Holt, Deborah Goetz, Harlan R. Juster, Shu-Hsing Lin, Monroe A. Bruch, Randall D. Marshall, Donald F. Klein

Department of Psychology: Faculty Publications

To evaluate the effects of maintenance treatment and durability of gains after treatment discontinuation, responders to either phenelzine (PZ) or cognitive-behavioral group therapy (CBGT) from an acute trial comparing these two treatments as well as pill placebo and a psychotherapy control (educational supportive group therapy) were enrolled into maintenance and treatment-free follow-up phases. Experimental design: Responders to an acute trial contrasting PZ and CBGT entered a six-month maintenance phase. Patients who continued to respond through the maintenance phase entered a six-month treatment-free phase. Patients receiving pill placebo or educational supportive group therapy in the acute trial did not enter the …

Patterns Of Relational Communication In Conjoint Behavioral Consultation, William P. Urchul, Susan M. Sheridan, Deiredre A. Ryan, Priscilla F. Grissom, Cynthia E. Killough, Deborah W. Mettler

Department of Educational Psychology: Faculty Publications

Conjoint behavioral consultation (CBC) is a structured model of service delivery that joins parents and teachers in collaborative problem-solving with the assistance of a consultant-psychologist (Sheridan, Kratochwill, & Bergan, 1996). CBC is carried out through the conduct of problem identification, problem analysis, and treatment evaluation interviews. In this CBC process study, interpersonal relationship patterns occurring within interviews were examined using the Family Relational Communication Control Coding System (Heatherington & Friedlander, 1987). Four CBC cases, consisting of 9,696 individual messages, were coded from audiotapes and verbatim transcripts. Scores on the variables “domineeringness” and “dominance” were calculated for each participant in order …

Archival Orientation Interviews As Social Interactions, Michael R. Hill

Department of Sociology: Faculty Publications

For social scientists, every orientation interview is inherently an opportunity for systematic observation, analysis, and critique. Consider, by way of contrast, a hypothetical committee of mathematicians who visit archival repositories searching for documentary materials to display during the upcoming centennial celebration of the Mathematics Department at their home university. As mathematicians, orientation interviews are simply means to their pragmatic ends. For social scientists, however, especially for qualitative sociologists such as myself (Hill 1993), the situation is more complex. For some of us, every social interaction is potentially a source of sociological insight (Deegan and Hill 1987). Thus, every orientation interview …

A Risk-Amplification Model Of Victimization And Depressive Symptoms Among Runaway And Homeless Adolescents, Les B. Whitbeck, Dan R. Hoyt, Kevin Yoder

Department of Sociology: Faculty Publications

This report is an examination of a theoretical model of risk amplification within a sample of 255 homeless and runaway adolescents. The young people were interviewed on the streets and in shelters in urban centers of four Midwestern states. Separate models were examined for males (n = 102) and females (n = 153). Results indicated that street experiences such as affiliation with deviant peers, deviant subsistence strategies, risky sexual behaviors, and drug and/or alcohol use amplified the effects of early family abuse on victimization and depressive symptoms for young women. These street adaptations significantly increased the likelihood of serious victimization …

The Status Of Refugees In Lincoln, Nebraska's - Low-Income Housing And Racial Segregation: A Contribution Or Contrast To Neighborhood Solidarity?, David Baker, Kristy Feldhousen

Nebraska Anthropologist

The process of becoming a refugee is lengthy, complicated, and arduous. It involves timing, political, religiolls, and economic considerations - and luck. The United Nations High Commission for Refugee's (UNHCR) in combination with the Department of State (DOS) have established their own particular criteria for granting refugee status and placement policy. After granting refugee status, the UNHCR places the refugee into three optional resolutions: repatriation to the refugee's home country, local resettlement in the country of first asylum, and resettlemellt to a third country (US Dept of Health, 1995). 1n the post World War II era an influx of refugees …

Protecting Communication Departments: Reflections On The Nebraska Experience, Ronald Lee, William J. Seiler

Department of Communication Studies: Faculty Publications

Eight years ago, in the first week of the 1991 fall semester, the Acting Senior Vice Chancellor for Academic Affairs announced a series of vertical budget cuts that included the elimination of the University of Nebraska–Lincoln’s department of Speech Communication (now Communication Studies). Over the next seven months the department fought against the proposed action. In March 1992, the Budget Reduction Review Committee voted against the Vice Chancellor’s recommendation. Later in the month, the Academic Planning Committee also voted to rescind the budget cutting measure.

These actions ended the battle and assured the continuation of the department. In an earlier …

The Times, They Are A Changing: A Review Of Raising Children In A Socially Toxic Environment, Susan M. Sheridan, Richard J. Cowan, Tanya Meegan

Department of Educational Psychology: Faculty Publications

Rarely does a book come along that we believe to be essential reading for all psychologists, educators, child care workers, physicians, clergy, and concerned community members. Garbarino’s Raising Children in a Socially Toxic Environment is one such book. In this book, Garbarino sets out to offer his views on what childhood ought to be, how children map their own worlds (thus define, themselves), what their basic needs are, the levels in which those needs are being met, as well as offer suggestions for ways in which readers can change the “toxic environment” to aid in the healthy development of children …

The Certified Safe Farm Project In Nebraska: The First Year, Jerry Jaspersen, Susanna Von Essen, Pam List, Larry Howard, David Morgan

Department of Agricultural and Biological Systems Engineering: Faculty Publications

Potentially preventable death, disabling injury, and serious illness are very common secondary to work in production agriculture in Nebraska and elsewhere. The traditional approach to farm safety has consisted largely of education designed to prevent traumatic injury. While education is of critical importance, additional incentives may be needed to reduce fatal and non-fatal events to an acceptable level. The Certified Safe Farm concept was developed in collaboration with two Nebraska health insurance companies. The program consists of combining an on-farm safety assessment and occupational health screening with an education program. The incentive to complete this program is to be eligible …

The Behavior Of Preweanling Pups Exposed To Valproate In-Utero, Wayne Briner

Transactions of the Nebraska Academy of Sciences and Affiliated Societies

Valproate is a known human and animal teratogen that produces neural-tube defects. Valproate is also known to produce fetal death and a variety of fetal deformities. The present study considered the role of val pro ate as a behavioral teratogen in rats. Pregnant rats were administered saline or valproate, or simply handled at 10 days gestation and the offspring tested for a variety of behaviors and physical measures. Valproate-exposed animals demonstrated lags in the emergence of swimming behavior, negative geotaxis and weight gain. This evidence points to val pro ate being a behavioral teratogen producing delays in neuromuscular development.

Microhabitat Preferences Of Bullfrog Tadpoles (Rana Catesbeiana) Of Different Ages, Geoffrey R. Smith

Transactions of the Nebraska Academy of Sciences and Affiliated Societies

I experimentally investigated the habitat use preferences of bullfrog (Rana catesbeiana) tadpoles of different ages (early, first-year vs. late, second-year, premetamorphic) in the laboratory. Early tadpoles showed a preference for non-vegetated areas, whereas late tadpoles showed no preference. Early tadpoles were seen more often over small, gravel substrate as opposed to large rocks, whereas late tadpoles showed no preference. Early tadpoles preferred medium depths, whereas later tadpoles preferred deeper water. Thus, it appears there may be habitat preferences in bullfrog tadpoles, and that these preferences may change over time.

Transactions Of The Nebraska Academy Of Sciences Table Of Contents: Volume 25 (1999)

Transactions of the Nebraska Academy of Sciences and Affiliated Societies

Editorial Contents

Nebraska Academy of Sciences Officers, Policy Committee ................. ii

Editorial Board ................. iv

Membership Objectives and Friends of the Academy ................. v

Nebraska Association of Teachers of Science ................. vi

Preparation of manuscripts ................. inside back cover

Papers

Using omissive faults to obtain local convergence in partially connected networks (M. H. Azadmanesh and A. W. Krings) ................. 1

New floristic records for Nebraska-5 (Steven B. Rolfsmeier, Robert F. Steinauer, and David M. Sutherland) ................. 15

A key to dicotyledonous rosettes of eastern Nebraska (Phillip D. Moore) ................. 23

The brine shrimp Artemia franciscana in closed microalgal-based microcosms (biospheres) …

Strike One—You're Out! Cautious Employers Lose Under New Sexual Harassment Law: Faragher V. City Of Boca Raton, 118 S. Ct. 2275 (1998), Brian S. Kruse

Nebraska Law Review

This Note examines the impact the Faragher and Burlington decisions will have on an employer's liability for hostile environment sexual harassment claims. First, the Note reviews the evolution of sexual harassment law and discusses the standard the Court overturned. The background material also includes a review of the facts surrounding Faragher's sexual harassment lawsuit against the City of Boca Raton. Second, the Note examines vicarious liability and the policy reasons for and against it. Next the scope of the affirmative defense, and its effect on innocent employers, is covered. Finally, this Note provides a practical application of the Faragher and …

Le Play, Warner, And The Sociology Of Fieldwork, Michael R. Hill

Department of Sociology: Faculty Publications

Several American sociologists have earlier noted, albeit briefly, Frédéric Le Play’s contributions to sociology, for example: Amos Warner (1886), George E. Howard (1904, III: 378), Elsie Clews Parsons (1906: 305, 337), Robert Park and Ernest Burgess (1921: 215), Emory S. Bogardus (1928: 615-16), Charles H. Cooley (Cooley, Angell and Carr 1933: 479), Floyd House (1936), and Lewis Mumford (1948: 678, 683). To this list, Luigi Tomasi (below) adds the names of Merle Frampton, Walter Goldfrank, Robert Nisbet, Catherine Silver, Albion Small, Pitirim Sorokin, and Carle Zimmerman. E.R.A. Seligman and Alvin Johnson included a short biography of Le Play in their …

Bio-Bibliography: Eva J. Ross – Catholic Sociologist, Michael R. Hill

Department of Sociology: Faculty Publications

The major accomplishments of Eva Jeany Ross’ productive but largely unknown sociological career present opportunities for sociobiographers to examine several contending institutional forces on the professional lives of academic sociologists. Ross’ career unfolded at the intersection of five major institutional arenas: religion, education, the nation-state, family, and patriarchy. Each made a profound impact on the shape of Ross’ sociological work.

Edward Alsworth Ross, Michael R. Hill

Department of Sociology: Faculty Publications

Edward Alsworth Ross (Dec. 12, 1866 - July 22, 1951), sociologist and writer, was born in Virden, Illinois, the son of William Carpenter Ross, a farmer, and Rachel Alsworth, a school teacher. Orphaned by his mother’s and father’s deaths (1874 and 1876, respectively), Ross was sheltered in turn by three Iowa farm families. Of the latter, Ross regarded Mary Beach as his foster mother. Alexander Campbell, Ross’ lawyer guardian, shepherded his inheritance, thereby providing ample funds for his schooling.

Despite Increases, Women And Minorities Still Underrepresented In Undergraduate And Graduate S&E Education, Kristen M. Olson

Department of Sociology: Faculty Publications

Participation of women and minorities1 in science and engineering (S&E) higher education continues to rise, but this involvement is not yet equivalent to their representation in the U.S. population of 18- to 30-year-olds. In 1995, women were 50 percent of U.S. residents between the ages of 18 and 30; blacks were 14 percent; Hispanics, 13 percent; and American Indians, 0.8 percent. 2 However, in the same year, 46 percent of S&E bachelor’s degrees were earned by women, 7 percent by blacks, 6 percent by Hispanics, and 0.6 percent to American Indians. The proportions of S&E doctorates earned by these groups …

Multiple Perspectives On Multimedia In The Large Lecture, Helen A. Moore, Timothy D. Pippert

Department of Sociology: Faculty Publications

Students, graduate instructors and the classroom professor responded in journals, on objective tests, in focus groups and on survey questionnaires to the effects of computer media in four large lecture classes. Graduate instructors and students responded in focus groups to multimedia technology with consistent themes, including enhancement of cognitive strategies (note taking and organization of ideas) and motivation. However, students also expressed distancing from the instructor. Student achievement outcomes using pre- and post-test scores showed no differences across two experimental applications of multimedia presentations: static and dynamic. Discussion of findings emphasizes the need to balance considerations of resource scarcity and …

Love And Terror At The Virginia Beach Hotel, Mary Jo Deegan

Department of Sociology: Faculty Publications

The Virginia Beach Hotel was a Victorian summer resort: Its white clapboard big house and herd of little cottages clustered at the end of a bay in Little Paw Paw Lake. It looked like hundreds of other such hotels built to serve tourists escaping the heat of summer in the city; in this case, Chicago. My great grandmother, Ida Cora Hughes, owned the Virginia Beach Hotel; and my mother, Ida May Deegan, spent her childhood and teen years there for many, many summers beginning in 1923 and ending in 1935. To my mother, this spot was a dream, a bubble …

Gender Differences In The Relationships Among Ses, Family History Of Alcohol Disorders And Alcohol Dependence, Geoffrey M. Curran, Scott F. Stoltenberg, Elizabeth M. Hill, Sharon A. Mudd, Frederic C. Blow, Robert A. Zucker

Department of Psychology: Faculty Publications

Objective: Potential moderator and mediator roles of several measures of socioeconomic status (SES) were investigated for the relationship between a family history of alcoholism( FH) and alcohol dependence symptoms in adulthood. Method: These analyses were performed with a sample of 931 men and 385 women participating in studies at the Alcohol Research Center, University of Michigan. Hierarchical multiple regression equations were used to assess whether SES mediated and moderated relationships between FH and alcohol dependence symptoms. Results: In general, measures of SES (education, occupation, personal and household income) were more important predictors of alcohol dependence symptoms among men, while FH …

Continental Congress, Michael R. Hill

Department of Sociology: Faculty Publications

The convening of the First Continent

The network of committees throughout Massachusetts had become firmly established by early 1773, and dissidents in other colonies rapidly imitated the Massachusetts pattern. The committees of correspondence provided a model and a working mechanism for revolutionary agitation and organization on a national scale.

Teen Pregnancy: A Cross-Cultural Phenomenon But A Western Problem?, Tina Brown

Nebraska Anthropologist

Teen pregnancy (broadened to "premarital pregnancy" for research purposes) was investigated cross-culturally. Using the electronic Human Relations Area Files and literature review, attitudes toward premarital pregnancy, the incidence of premarital pregnancies, and outcomes of premarital pregnancies were compared in "African" and "Eurasian" social systems (as defined by Goody, 1976). Despite considerahle variance, there were no significant differences in approval or disapproval of premarital sex or pregnancy in African and Eurasian systems. There was no difference in incidence rates of premarital pregnancy in African and Eurasian systems; however. not taking marital status into consideration. developing countries have higher rates of adolescent …

Review Of The Night Has A Naked Soul: Witchcraft And Sorcery Among The Western Cherokee. By Alan Kilpatrick, Pekka Hamalainen

Great Plains Quarterly (through 2013)

This fascinating, slim volume provides a rare glimpse of the supernatural world of the' Cherokee Indians, a topic shielded by linguis.-" tic, cultural, and mental barriers. The Chero~ kees possess an extraordinary corpus of magical texts, recorded over one hundred and fifty yearsby their folk healers in small ledger notebooks .. These texts, written in the Sequoyah syllabary and known as idi:gawe:sdi, contain a large body of knowledge of such occult subjects as love magic, rainmaking, and protective charms. In The Night Has a Naked Soul, Alan Kilpatrick, an associate professor of American Indian studies at San Diego State …

Litigation, Mitigation, And The American Indian Religious Freedom Act The Bear Butte Example, Kari Forbes-Boyte

Great Plains Quarterly (through 2013)

"S acred mountains, of whatever culture, become merchandise in the dark age that is enveloping the planet. The voices of the spirits are falling silent beneath the roar of the machines that bleed the land and poison the waters and the air. A country, however powerful at the moment, that does not honor and preserve its sacred places is not fit for survival." So states a Lakota man when asked to describe the importance of sacred places to his culture. Sacred places, recognized by indigenous peoples worldwide, are highly esteemed by particular individuals or groups and are perceived to be …

Whither Cowboy Poetry?, Jim Hoy

Great Plains Quarterly (through 2013)

As a cultural phenomenon the explosion in popularity of cowboy poetry in the past dozen years has been nothing short of spectacular. Until the first full-scale cowboy poetry gathering at Elko, Nevada, in late January 1985, poetry was arguably the one aspect of cowboy culture that had not been expropriated into American popular culture. Certainly the mental picture of the cowboy himself-big hat, high-heeled boots, silk neckerchief, leather chaps-has long since become an icon that represents the very nation: wear a cowboy hat and you will be taken for an American anywhere in the world. The two essential working skills …

Falling/Floating: Pieces Of Nature, Susan Belau

School of Art, Art History, and Design: Theses and Student Creative Work

The work presented in this exhibition developed from my sustained interest in the metaphorical power of landscape. In a time when the scale of our land is dwarfed by modem technologies, and the American wilderness has shrunk to near extinction, I look to the small and intimate in the landscape to find awe and an awareness of cycle. My intaglio prints depict fragments of nature - leaves, sticks, pods - and are distinguished by layering of forms, the combination of rendering with abstraction, and lush color. The images evoke ideas of loss, endurance, possibility, and growth - ideas inherent in …

The Insignificance Of Statistical Significance Testing, Douglas H. Johnson

United States Geological Survey, Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center: Publications

Despite their wide use in scientific journals such as The Journal of Wildlife Management, statistical hypothesis tests add very little value to the products of research. Indeed, they frequently confuse the interpretation of data. This paper describes how statistical hypothesis tests are often viewed, and then contrasts that interpretation with the correct one. I discuss the arbitrariness of P-values, conclusions that the null hypothesis is true, power analysis, and distinctions between statistical and biological significance. Statistical hypothesis testing, in which the null hypothesis about the properties of a population is almost always known a priori to be false, is …

Reinforce For Performance: The Need To Go Beyond Pay And Even Rewards, Fred Luthans, Alexander D. Stajkovic

Department of Management: Faculty Publications

Perhaps the most talked about, if not actually implemented. practical solution for making human resources more productive is pay for performance. Yet many researchers and practitioners doubt the true effectiveness of this approach. To help solve this controversy. we suggest drawing from reinforcement theory and behavioral management. This approach can be used to explain the simple statements: You get what you reinforce. but you do not necessarily get what you pay for. We first critically review the traditional pay for performance practices and address the question of whether rewards. not reinforcers. do more harm than good. Next, we discuss the …