Digital Commons Network^™

The Ecological Validity Of Jury Simulations: Is The Jury Still Out?, Brian H. Bornstein

Department of Psychology: Faculty Publications

Despite the need to assess the ecological validity of jury simulation research before generalizing from simulations to the behavior of real jurors, surprisingly little jury research has directly addressed issues of validity. The present paper reviews the extant research on two aspects of the validity question—specifically, research that has compared different samples of mock jurors, and research that has manipulated the medium of trial presentation. In addition, jury simulation research published in the first 20 years of Law and Human Behavior is analyzed with respect to these variables. The majority of simulations used student-jurors and presented the trial in written …

Locomotion And Conditioned Place Preference Produced By Acute Intravenous Amphetamine: Role Of Dopamine Receptors And Individual Differences In Amphetamine Self-Administration, M. T. Bardo, J. M. Valone, Rick A. Bevins

Department of Psychology: Faculty Publications

Although previous studies have shown that dopamine (DA) antagonists block amphetamine reward, these studies have utilized animal models that involve repeated exposures to amphetamine. The present investigation examined the effect of DA antagonists on single-trial conditioned place preference (CPP) produced by acute intravenous (IV) amphetamine in rats. In the first experiment, rats were prepared with a jugular catheter and then received an acute IV injection of amphetamine (0.1–3 mg/kg) paired with one compartment of a CPP apparatus. Relative to sham controls (no IV catheter), amphetamine produced a dose-dependent increase in locomotor activity and CPP. Two further experiments demonstrated that both …

The Nature Of Expertise: Implication For Teachers And Teaching, Ronald A. Smith, Richard G. Tiberius

Professional and Organizational Development Network in Higher Education: Archives

How do teachers become experts at teaching-at helping their students become experts? In a culture dependent on high performance, teachers need to understand the nature of the expertise that their students want to acquire as well as the nature of their own expertise. How we view expertise determines the goals we set for our students, as well as the standards we use to inform and measure our own development as experts in teaching.

The Uses Of Uncertainty In The College Classroom, Virginia S. Lee

Professional and Organizational Development Network in Higher Education: Archives

Psychological research has corroborated the importance of uncertainty to learning at the psychophysiological level. Recent studies in brain dynamics have demonstrated that the brain manifests an inherent variability that increases with the presentation of new stimuli. This psychophysiological uncertainty plays a significant catalytic role in learning, It opens up the organism to experience, causing it to investigate the environment with enhanced receptivity, preparing it for different behavioral actions, and facilitating the central processing and encoding of information received from such renewed exploration. Searching, exploring, and trial-and-error behaviors indicate psychophysiological uncertainty and accompany the appearance of reorganization, stability, and progressive development …

G99-1397 Motivating Your Employees, John E. Barbuto, Jr., Lance L. Brown

University of Nebraska-Lincoln Extension: Historical Materials

The ability to motivate employees is often the difference between extraordinary and mediocre leadership. This guide provides a useful tool for understanding and motivating employees.

Leaders who are able to motivate their workers will have a better chance of reducing the typical labor problems faced in today's economy (turnover, absenteeism and low productivity). In the past, when the state's economy was weaker than it is today, agricultural leaders didn't have to worry about these labor issues because there were plenty of workers to choose from. Because of the expansion of agricultural enterprises and Nebraska's exceptionally low unemployment rate, finding, keeping …

G99-1392 "Fighting Fair" In Marriage, Herbert G. Lingren

University of Nebraska-Lincoln Extension: Historical Materials

This NebGuide presents steps to follow to recognize and resolve marital conflicts through negotiation and finding mutually agreeable alternatives.

Do you ever use extreme or irrational tactics to gain your point (slamming doors, stomping around)?

Do you sometimes hurt your spouse in order to have the last word (sarcasm, name-calling)?

Do you store up grudges and use them to "hit" your partner over the head at a later time (revenge)?

Is your attitude "If I don't get what I want, I will quit cooperating?"

Do you continually expect others to do things the "right way" (your way)?

If you answered …

Hands-On Computer Use In Science Classrooms: The Skeptics Are Still Waiting, Alan Runge, Amy N. Spiegel, Lisa M. Pytlikzillig, Steven Dunbar, Robert Fuller, Glenn Sowell, David W. Brooks

Robert G. Fuller Publications

Frank Collea was a friend of Robert Fuller and David Brooks, and a mentor to Brooks. We miss him for his energy, his enthusiasm for teaching science, and his perception about how to improve science education. Frank Collea was not a big fan of using computers in instruction. Frank was neither an advocate of using computers to deliver instruction, nor an advocate of teaching their use as professional tools. Indeed, he thought that most of those of us who advocate computer use make assertions that are unwarranted. A decade ago, desktop computers were beginning to appear in colleges and universities …

“I Know I Know It, I Know I Saw It” : The Stability Of The Confidence–Accuracy Relationship Across Domains, Brian H. Bornstein, Douglas J. Zickafoose

Department of Psychology: Faculty Publications

If the relationship between confidence and accuracy extended across domains, then one could assess performance in a known domain and use it to estimate performance in another domain. The stability of the confidence- accuracy relationship across the domains of eyewitness memory and general knowledge was investigated. The major findings of Experiment 1 were that in both domains participants were overconfident, yet more confident on correct than on incorrect responses, and that the degrees of overconfidence, calibration, and resolution in the 2 domains were positively correlated. Experiment 2 replicated these findings and showed that feedback about overconfidence reduced overall confidence levels …

Relationship Between Youth And Parent Perceptions Of Family Environment And Social Anxiety, Jeffrey B. Caster, Heidi M. Inderbitzen, Debra A. Hope

Department of Psychology: Faculty Publications

This study concurrently examined the relationship between adolescents’ perceptions of their parents’ child-rearing styles and family environment and their reports of social anxiety. Adolescents reporting higher levels of social anxiety perceived their parents as being more socially isolating, overly concerned about others’ opinions, ashamed of their shyness and poor performance, and less socially active than did youth reporting lower levels of social anxiety. Parent perceptions of child-rearing styles and family environment, however, did not differ between parents of socially anxious and nonsocially anxious adolescents. Results are comparable to studies using adult retrospective reports and are discussed with regard to the …

Racing (Erasing) White Privilege In Teacher/Research Writing About Race, Amy M. Goodburn

Department of English: Faculty Publications

In this essay, I examine several spheres of “race construction” and the ethical implications of these constructions for how I—as a white composition teacher/researcher—named, described, and interpreted student response in a dissertation chapter I wrote on a student discussion of Toni Morrison’s The Bluest Eye within a writing course focused on “difference.” This essay describes my own process of coming to understand the ways that my readings of classroom events were/are shaped by my position as a white teacher/researcher and the implications for understanding what naming these moments might mean for others engaged in composition research. In particular, I examine …

"Links Of Similitude": The Narrator Of The Country Of The Pointed Firs And Author-Reader Relations At The End Of The Nineteenth Century, Melissa J. Homestead

Department of English: Faculty Publications

The narrator of The Country of the Pointed Firs is an elusive figure. A narrator who is also a character in the fiction, she nevertheless reveals very little about herself as a character in the course of her narration. She is the unnamed speaking "I," and she is "you" to Mrs. Todd and other characters. Although the narrator apparently travels to Dunnet Landing from a city, we don't know where she lives the rest of the year; and we can only assume from her time spent in the schoolhouse engaged in "literary employments" that she writes for pay. But critics …

Introduction, Dan Bernstein

Department of Psychology: Faculty Publications

This volume is about motivation and gender. The chapters outline recent research and conceptual analysis related to four important motivational constructs-sexuality, emotion, competition, and aggression. In each case the author has examined the relation between the motivational construct and gender; the chapters describe those relations and analyze their origins and implications. There are two primary ideas that connect these accounts of gender and motivation: the authors generally report great diversity within gender groups in the degree to which these motivational characteristics are found, and they note that there is much to be considered in exactly how these motivational constructs are …

Book Review: Pigs, Profits, And Rural Communities, Edited By Kendall M. Thu And E. Paul Durrenberger, E. Wesley F. Peterson

Department of Agricultural Economics: Faculty Publications

Early in their introductory comments, the editors of this book claim that they “are not political activists and that [they] neither promote nor defend industrial agriculture based on any political agenda” (p. 4). Industrial agriculture, as understood in this book, includes large corporations, vertically integrated firms, multinationals, and anything else that seems to differ from what might be thought of as a traditional family farm. The editors suggest that their goal is to provide objective assessments of one example of industrial agriculture, large-scale hog confinement operations. However, as the introduction progresses, strange things seem to happen to this perfectly sensible …

The Visual Culture Of Robert Rauschenberg, Daniel A. Siedell

Sheldon Museum of Art: Catalogs and Publications

The importance of Robert Rauschenberg to the history and development of 20th-century American art has been firmly established for well over three decades. It is, however, the nature of his importance that remains, in large part, unresolved. The recent retrospective exhibition of the artist's work at the Solomon R. Guggenheim Museum in New York in 1997- 98 represents to date the most ambitious attempt to document comprehensively the multiple aesthetic activities of one of the most complex and diverse artists in the history of modern art. By focusing on his involvement in performances, sculpture, and unique and creative engagement with …

The Effect Of Proximity On Landmark Use In Clark’S Nutcrackers, Kristy L. Gould-Beierle, Alan Kamil

Avian Cognition Papers

Clark’s nutcrackers, Nucifraga columbiana, store thousands of pine seeds during the autumn and retrieve them throughout the winter. It has been shown that these birds are able to use visual cues to relocate hidden food in the laboratory. In this set of experiments, we trained three groups of Clark’s nutcrackers to find a hidden food goal that was placed in the same spatial location relative to the testing room. During training, the location of two local cues in relation to the goal differed between the three groups. Group 1 learned the task with the cues closest to the goal, group …

Searching Image In Blue Jays: Facilitation And Interference In Sequential Priming, Alan B. Bond, Alan C. Kamil

Papers in Behavior in Biological Sciences

Repeated exposure to a single target type (sequential priming) during visual search for multiple cryptic targets commonly improves performance on subsequent presentations of that target. It appears to be an attentional phenomenon, a component of the searching image effect. It has been argued, however, that if searching image is an attentional process, sequential priming should also interfere with performance on subsequent nonprimed targets, and such interference has never been unequivocally demonstrated. In blue jays (Cyanocitta cristata) searching in an operant apparatus for targets derived from images of cryptic moths, detection performance was strongly facilitated in the course of …

Patterns Of Movement And Orientation During Caching And Recovery By Clark’S Nutcrackers, Nucifraga Columbiana, Alan Kamil, Russell P. Balda, Sally Good

Avian Cognition Papers

Clark’s nutcrackers regularly store large numbers of pine seeds and remember the locations of the cached seeds. Although they are very accurate, they do make some errors during recovery. In an attempt to determine whether any behaviours during caching predicted the occurrence of errors during recovery, we videotaped Clark’s nutcrackers while they cached and recovered seeds under laboratory conditions. We used the videotapes to develop complete, quantitative descriptions of caching and recovery behaviour, with an emphasis on body orientation and directions of movement. During caching, the birds showed the greatest change in their orientation and direction following cache creation. During …

How Do They, Indeed? A Reply To Biegler Et Al., Alan Kamil, Juli E. Jones

Avian Cognition Papers

We trained Clark’s nutcrackers, Nucifraga columbiana, to search halfway between two landmarks while varying the distance between the landmarks (Kamil & Jones 1997). We found that the birds learned the problem readily and generalized to novel interlandmark distances within the range of distances used during training. Unlike some other studies in which responses to proportional distance were obtained (e.g. O’Keefe & Burgess 1996; Tommasi et al. 1997), the nutcrackers showed very precise search and maintained this precision during the transfer test. The distributions of digging locations around the central position were concentrated within ±1–2 cm of the central location …

Sociality And Social Learning In Two Species Of Corvids: The Pinyon Jay (Gymnorhinus Cyanocephalus) And The Clark’S Nutcracker (Nucifraga Columbiana), Jennifer J. Templeton, Alan Kamil, Russell P. Balda

Papers in Behavior in Biological Sciences

The hypothesis that social learning is an adaptive specialization for social living predicts that social species should learn better socially than they do individually, but that nonsocial species should not exhibit a similar enhancement of performance under social learning conditions. The authors compared individual and social learning abilities in 2 corvid species: the highly social pinyon jay (Gymnorhinus cyanocephalus) and the less social Clark’s nutcracker (Nucifraga columbiana). The birds were tested on 2 different tasks under individual and social learning conditions. Half learned a motor task individually and a discrimination task socially; the other half learned …

Female Responses To Isolated Signals From Multimodal Male Courtship Displays In The Wolf Spider Genus Schizocosa (Araneae: Lycosidae), Eileen Hebets, George W. Uetz

Eileen Hebets Publications

Male wolf spiders within the genus Schizocosa display considerable variation in foreleg ornamentation as well as in courtship communication. Multiple modes of male signaling have evolved in a number of species. Divergence in courtship signals among species within this genus may be directly associated with variation in the sensory sensitivities of conspecific females. We isolated the visual and vibratory courtship cues of four species of Schizocosa and recorded conspecific female receptivity to each isolated cue. We also examined female receptivity to complete multimodal courtship signals. We found that the sensory sensitivities of conspecific females were associated with the predominant modes …

Henry James And George Eliot: Realism, Reality, And Narrative Form, Nicola Harris

The George Eliot Review Online, ISSN: 2831-5375

The narratives of the Victorian writers are infused with detailed expositions of living, felt pictures; it was inevitable given the expectations of their audience. Furthermore, writers-cumcritics such as Henry lames testify to the difficulty of 'drawling] a hard and fast line on the border-land of explanation and illustration'.' lames was central to the protracted Great Debate surrounding 'The Art of Fiction' which took place in 1884, and the discussion encouraged Robert Louis Stevenson to respond with his 'A Humble Remonstrance', a gesture which can be interpreted as a tactical manoeuvre to keep the debate open. Andrew Lang's own 'The Art …

The Twenty-Seventh George Eliot Memorial Lecture: Ego, Anonymity, And Healing In George Eliot, Henry Alley

The George Eliot Review Online, ISSN: 2831-5375

Eliot's ultimate goal- morally, aesthetically - was to free the individual ego from the suffering of reflecting upon itself. Her fiction, which she saw as a series of evolving psychological phases, achieves this liberation through strongly argued models of balance and through the kinds of recognition linked to anonymous heroism. Mental anguish is to be escaped through the contemplation of others, and it would follow that Eliot's cumulative effort would clarify what it means to acquire achievements on the level of quiet and anonymous bequeathal, rather than self-aggrandizing glory.

Eliot discovered that a broad perspective beyond ego may be developed …

Romantic Women And La Lucha Denise Chavez's Face Of An Angel, Francine K. Ramsey Richter

Great Plains Quarterly (through 2013)

Denise Chavez's skillful and evocative Face of an Angel (1994) examines the inequitable and discomfiting, yet somehow powerful, place of women in New Mexico border culture.! Their lives are mainly devoted to the hard work of serving others, and Chavez connects the past and present of the women of the area through the life story of the main character Soveida Dosamantes (born in 1948). Much of what makes up Soveida's present, everyday existence has its origins over the border in Old Mexico, and the established customs and traditions have a great deal of impact upon Soveida and her family in …

The Decline Of The Socratic Method At Harvard, Orin S. Kerr

Nebraska Law Review

The Socratic method has long been considered a defining element of American legal education. Among both lawyers and laypersons, Socratic questioning is perceived as a rite of passage that all law students endure in their first year of law school. However, the traditional Socratic method is today more myth than reality because legal pedagogy has changed dramatically, and the Socratic method still common during the 1950s and 1960s is nearly extinct. The purpose of this paper is to explore this revolution by examining the teaching styles, attitudes, and classroom influences of the faculty at one leading law school. Section II …

The Constructivist Heart Of The Adapt Program, David Moshman

ADAPT Program: Materials and History

When I joined the faculty of the UNL Educational Psychology department in August 1977, I replaced Carol Tomlinson-Keasey, who had been among the founders of the ADAPT program. Although no one ever mistook me for Carol, we were in many ways quite similar. Both of us had interests at the intersection of developmental, cognitive, and educational psychology, both of us were Piagetian in our general theoretical perspective, and both of us had done research on the development of formal operational reasoning. It was thus natural that I replaced Carol not only within my department but as what Bob Fuller often …

What’S The Score And Game Plan On Teaming In Schools? A Review Of The Literature On Team Teaching And School-Based Problem-Solving Teams., Marshall Welch, Kerrilee Brownell, Susan M. Sheridan

Department of Educational Psychology: Faculty Publications

Articles on team teaching and school-based problem solving teams (SBPSTs) published in refereed journals from 1980 to 1997 were reviewed. The review was designed to (a) identify the types of published articles on team teaching and SBPSTs, (b) review articles on team teaching and SBPSTs published in refereed journals, (c) summarize the conclusions of published articles, (d) draw conclusions regarding the current research trends, and (e) present suggestions for continued research in teaming outcome research. This review begins with a characterization of team teaching and SBPSTs, fallowed by a description of the review process. Results indicate that most articles are …

Conservation Ethics: The Web Linking Human And Environmental Rights, Meghan Sittler

Nebraska Anthropologist

The Earth should be seen as an ecological whole. Environmental and human rights should be fashioned in a similar horizontal plane rather than in the traditional concept of a vertically arranged hierarchy. Examining the management practices of vast ecosystems on two continents provides examples of the integral relationship of all organisms in an ecosystem. The Serengeti Ecosystem in Africa and the Greater Yellowstone Ecosystem in the United States are characterized by both cultural and ecological extirpations. The comparing of cultural and ecological issues concerning these diverse and distinctive ecosystems demonstrates the intricate web connecting human and environmental rights.

The Collecting Culture: An Exploration Of The Collector Mentality And Archaeology's Response, Tamie Sawaged

Nebraska Anthropologist

The collecting of cultural remains and the looting of sites have serious repercussions for the preservation of the archaeological record. The scientific community has long bemoaned this situation but has developed few effective, proactive measures to stem the activities of collectors and looters. This lack of success can be attributed partially to a failure in researching and understanding the driving forces behind the collecting phenomenon. Thus, this paper has several main goals: to provide the archaeologist with some basic understanding of the collecting culture from the collector's perspective; to encourage the use of an integrated, multidisciplinary approach to address this …

Two Constitutional Theories For Invalidating Extortionate Exactions, Alan Romero

Nebraska Law Review

I. Introduction

II. The Supreme Court's Opinions on Extortionate Exactions ... A. Nollan v. California Coastal Commission ... B. Dolan v. City of Tigard

III. In Defense of the Restated Nollan Theory ... A. Land-Use Restrictions Are Uncompensated Takings or Deny Substantive Due Process If They Do Not Substantially Advance Legitimate State Interests … B. Substantive Due Process or Takings ... 1. Takings ... 2. Substantive Due Process

IV. The Consequences of the Theory ... A. The Exacted Interest Need Not Be a Taking ... B. Cash Fees Must Be Proportional and Related ... C. The Government Cannot Constitutionally Reverse …

Mood State And Recent Cocaine Use Are Not Associated With Levels Of Cocaine Cue Reactivity, Steven J. Robbins, Ronald N. Ehrman, Anna Rose Childress, James Cornish, Charles P. O’Brien

United States Department of Veterans Affairs: Publications

Eighty-one cocaine-dependent outpatients were assessed for their reactions to cocaine-related cues in a laboratory setting. All subjects contributed a urine sample prior to the session. Compared with non-drug control cues, the cocaine stimuli produced increases in physiological arousal, self-reports of high, craving, and withdrawal, and self-reports of negative mood. Subjects who tested cocaine-positive on the day of testing differed only in skin resistance responding from those who tested cocaine-negative. Changes in cue-induced physiological and self-report measures were also not associated with between-subject variations in mood as measured by the Profile of Mood States (POMS) questionnaire administered prior to cue assessment. …