Digital Commons Network^™

The Safety Of Genetically Modified Foods Produced Through Biotechnology, Robert M. Hollingworth, Leonard F. Bjeldanes, Michael Bolger, Ian Kimber, Barbara Jean Meade, Steve L. Taylor, Kendall B. Wallace

United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service / University of Nebraska-Lincoln: Faculty Publications

The Society of Toxicology (SOT) is committed to protecting and enhancing human, animal, and environmental health through the sound application of the fundamental principles of the science of toxicology. It is with this goal in mind that the SOT defines here its current consensus position on the safety of foods produced through biotechnology (genetic engineering). These products are commonly termed genetically modified foods, but this is misleading, since conventional methods of microbial, crop, and animal improvement also produce genetic modifications and these are not addressed here.

The available scientific evidence indicates that the potential adverse health effects arising from biotechnology-derived …

Biology Of Diorhabda Elongata Deserticola (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae), An Asian Leaf Beetle For Biological Control Of Saltcedars (Tamarix Spp.) In The United States, Phil A. Lewis, C. Jack Deloach, Allen E. Knutson, James L. Tracy, Thomas O. Robbins

United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service / University of Nebraska-Lincoln: Faculty Publications

Adults and larvae of Diorhabda elongata Brullé subspecies deserticola Chen feed on the foliage of saltcedars (Tamarix spp.). All three instars are black, the 2nd with an indistinct, and the 3rd with a distinct yellowish lateral stripe; full-grown larvae reach ca. 9mm in length and pupate in cells in litter on the ground or a few cm below the soil surface. Adults are yellowish with two dark brown stripes on each elytron. Duration of the egg averaged 5 days, 1st instar 4.9 days, 2nd instar 4.8 days, 3rd instar 7.4 days, prepupa 4.8 days, and pupa 7.1 days at …

The Impact Of Raising And Exhibiting Selected 4-H Livestock Projects On The Development Of Life And Project Skills, Clinton P. Rusk, Jill M. Summerlot-Early, Krisanna L. Machtmes, B. Allen Talbert, Mark Balschweid

Department of Agricultural Leadership, Education, and Communication: Faculty Publications

The purpose of the study was to identify perceptions of Indiana 4-H livestock members enrolled in beef, sheep and swine projects regarding their ability to perform project skills and develop life skills. A questionnaire was mailed to a sample of 420 4-H beef, sheep, and swine members, with a response rate of 41.9%. Members were able to accomplish project skills in the areas of sportsmanship, safety, animal grooming, and animal selection. Respondents are not as confident in their abilities related to animal health care. Members who exhibited at the state fair have higher skill levels in the areas of animal …

Differential Lipid Biosynthesis Underlies A Tradeoff Between Reproduction And Fl Ight Capability In A Wing-Polymorphic Cricket, Zhangwu Zhao, Anthony J. Zera

Anthony Zera Publications

The biochemical basis of life-history tradeoffs is a poorly studied aspect of life-history evolution. We used radiotracer and endocrine approaches to investigate the extent to which morphs of a wing-polymorphic insect differ in the biosynthesis of lipid classes important for dispersal capability vs. reproduction (ovarian growth). The flightcapable genotype of Gryllus firmus biosynthesized a greater amount of total lipid and triglyceride (main flight fuel), which was preferentially allocated to somatic tissue during early adulthood. By contrast, the fl ightless genotype biosynthesized a significantly greater amount of phospholipid (important in egg development), which was preferentially allocated to ovaries. Topical application of …

Estimates Of Genetic Parameters And Genetic Change For Reproduction, Weight, And Wool Characteristics Of Columbia Sheep, Kathryn J. Hanford, L. Dale Van Vleck, G. D. Snowder

Department of Animal Science: Faculty Publications

Genetic parameters from both single-trait and bivariate analyses for prolificacy, weight and wool traits were estimated using REML with animal models for Columbia sheep from data collected from 1950 to 1998 at the U.S. Sheep Experiment Station (USSES), Dubois, ID. Breeding values from both single-trait and seven-trait analyses calculated using the parameters estimated from the single-trait and bivariate analyses were compared with respect to genetic trends. Number of observations were 31,401 for litter size at birth and litter size at weaning, 24,741 for birth weight, 23,903 for weaning weight, 29,572 for fleece weight and fleece grade, and 2,449 for staple …

Genetic Parameters For Weight, Weight Adjusted For Body Condition Score, Height, And Body Condition Score In Beef Cows, Jesus Arango, Larry V. Cundiff, L. Dale Van Vleck

Department of Animal Science: Faculty Publications

Weight (CW, n = 61,798), weight adjusted for condition score (WA), hip height (CH, n = 56,494), and condition score (CS, n = 61,434) of cows (2 through 8 yr of age) produced by crosses of 22 sire breeds with Angus and Hereford dams in the first four cycles of the Germplasm Evaluation (GPE) Program at the U.S. Meat Animal Research Center were used to estimate genetic parameters with REML. The model included sire breed, dam breed, age in years, season of measurement (1 to 4) and their interactions, and year of birth and pregnancy-lactation code (PL) as fixed effects …

Ard News December 2002

Agricultural Research Division: News and Annual Reports

CONTENTS:

Comments from the ARD Office Staff
How to State the Value of Your Research
Proposals Submitted for Federal Grants
Grants and Contracts Received October and November, 2002
ARD Budget Reductions - Round 3
Undergraduate Honors Research Program
Recognition of Junior Faculty for Excellence in Research
ARD-Administered Grant and Awards Programs

Extended Visions November-December 2002

Extended Visions Newsletter (ARDC)

No abstract provided.

Immunocontraception In Japanese Quail Using Mammalian Gnrh Compared To Chicken Gnrh-I And Chicken Gnrh-Ii, Marianna Burks

Open Access Master's Theses (through 2010)

Because of increasing numbers in wildlife, immunocontraceptives are being developed to decrease these animals and other birds. This study was conducted in conjunction with the United States Geological Survey Midcontinent Science Center in Fort Collins, Colorado (USGS), to determine whether mammalian GnRH (m-GnRH) can be used as a potential immunocontraceptive to decrease reproductive fertility in mature Japanese quail.

Eighty male and female Japanese quail were injected with either mGnRH, chicken GnRH-I (c-GnRH-I), chicken GnRH-II (c-GnRH-II), or vehicle (controls). Blood samples were analyzed for estrogen (E2) and testosterone (T) levels, in addition to antibody titer (Aby) development against the corresponding conjugated …

Cropwatch No. 2002-25, Nov. 1 ,2002, Lisa Brown Jasa

Crop Watch (1994–2005)

Inside

Management tips…………..230

New publications …………..230

Harvest update…………..230

Farm bill satellite conference …………..231

Crop insurance workshop…………..231

Pesticide regulation changes/training ops…………..232

Research symposium…………..233

Water quality project…………..234

Weed science conference…………..234

Soybean Expo…………..234

Ag cooperatives…………..235

Agronomy classes…………..235

No-till yield results…………..236

ICM December meeting…………..236

Handbook Of Plant And Crop Physiology, Second Edition, Revised And Expanded, Wally Wilhelm

United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service / University of Nebraska-Lincoln: Faculty Publications

This book, as the title states, is an updated and expanded edition of a 1995 book with a similar title and the same editor. The first thing that may strike the reader of the Handbook is the physical size of this volume. Although the second edition is a few pages shorter than the original (973 vs. 1003 pages), the print size was reduced in this revised edition allowing the expanded text to be presented in a similar number of pages. In revising the book, the editor and authors have rearranged the sections, updated almost all chapters, and added chapters on …

Effects Of Urea, Isolated Soybean Protein And Blood Meal On Growing Steers Fed A Corn-Based Diet, W. F. Knaus, Donald H. Beerman, L. O. Tedeschi, M. Czajkowski, D. G. Fox, J. B. Russell

Department of Animal Science: Faculty Publications

A short term feeding trial was conducted to assess effects of nitrogen (N) supplementation on growing cattle and the ability of the Cornell Net Carbohydrate and Protein System (CNCPS) to predict responses. Four corn-based diets were used: (1) a 30% ruminal N-deficient control diet; (2) a urea supplemented diet; (3) a urea+isolated soy protein (ISP) diet; and (4) a urea + ISP + blood meal (BM) diet. Four Holstein steers (average initial body weight of 251 kg) were randomly assigned in a 4 × 4 Latin Square treatment design. Steers were fed 95% of ad libitum intake on an hourly …

Nebline, November/December 2002

NEBLINE Newsletter Archive from Nebraska Extension in Lancaster County

Families - The Backbone of Neighborhoods
Community Partnerships Help Build
Strong Families & Neighborhoods
Make a Holiday Wreath
Cyclamen care
Winter Care of Houseplants
2002 November/December Garden Calendar
Horticulture Information Center
Carbon Monoxide: The Hidden Killer
Prevent Carbon Monoxide Poisoning from Small Gasoline-Powered Engines and Tools
Reduce Costs and Increase Yields with Biosolids!
Enjoying Your Backyard Wildlife
Neighborhood Cats
Aflatoxin in Corn - What can be Done?
Crop Protection Clinic Jan. 10
Feeding Value of Drought- Stricken Corn Grain for Swine Not Affected
Fall Brings Garden Clean-up
Sales Tax on Tree Planting Services
Use Energy More Efficiently, Cut Heating Costs …

Detection Of Phosphorus And Nitrogen Deficiencies In Corn Using Spectral Radiance Measurements, S.L. Osbourne, James S. Schepers, D. Francis, Michael R. Schlemmer

Department of Agronomy and Horticulture: Faculty Publications

Applications of remote sensing in crop production are becoming increasingly popular due in part to an increased concern with pollution of surface and ground waters due to over-fertilization of agricultural lands and the need to compensate for spatial variability in a field. Past research in this area has focused primarily on N stress in crops. Other stresses and the interactions have not been fully evaluated. A field experiment was conducted to determine wavelengths and/or combinations of wavelengths that are indicative of P and N deficiency and also the interaction between these in corn (Zea mays L.). The field experiment …

Understanding And Managing Corn Yield Potential, Achim R. Dobermann, Timothy J. Arkebauer, Kenneth G. Cassman, J Lindquist, James E. Specht, Daniel T. Walters, Haishun Yang

Department of Agronomy and Horticulture: Faculty Publications

Rainfed and irrigated systems in which corn is grown either in rotation with soybean or as a continuous monocrop are the predominant cropping systems in North America. About 30 million ha of corn are harvested annually for grain in the USA, of which eleven states in the Corn Belt produce more than 210 million tons or 35% of the global corn supply (Dobermann and Cassman, 2002). During the past 35 years, average corn yields have increased linearly at a rate of 1.7 bu/acre per year (109 kg ha^-1 per year, Fig. 1). Average corn yields now approach 140 bu/acre …

Environmental Controls Over Carbon Dioxide And Water Vapor Exchange Of Terrestrial Vegetation, B. E. Law, E. Falge, L. Gu, D. D. Baldocchi, P. Bakwin, P. Berbigier, K. Davis, A. J. Dolman, M. Falk, J. D. Fuentes, A. Goldstein, A. Granier, A. Grelle, D. Hollinger, I. A. Janssens, P. Jarvis, N. O. Jensen, G. Katul, K. Mahli, G. Matteucci, T. Meyers, R. Monson, W. Munger, W. Oechel, R. Olson, K. Pilegaard, K. T. Paw U, H. Thorgeirsson, R. Valentini, Shashi Verma, T. Vesala, K. Wilson, S. Wofsy

School of Natural Resources: Faculty Publications

The objective of this research was to compare seasonal and annual estimates of COM₂ and water vapor exchange across sites in forests, grasslands, crops, and tundra that are part of an international network called FLUXNET, and to investigating the responses of vegetation to environmental variables. FLUXNETs goals are to understand the mechanisms controlling the exchanges of CO₂,water vapor and energy across a spectrum of time and space scales, and to provide information for modeling of carbon and water cycling across regions and the globe. At a subset of sites, net carbon uptake (net ecosystem exchange, the net …

Phase And Amplitude Of Ecosystem Carbon Release And Uptake Potentials As Derived From Fluxnet Measurements, Eva Falge, John Tenhunen, Dennis D. Baldocchi, Marc Aubinet, Peter Bakwin, Paul Berbigier, Christian Bernhofer, Jean-Marc Bonnefond, George Burba, Robert Clement, Kenneth J. Davis, Jan A. Elbers, Matthias Falk, Allen H. Goldstein, Achim Grelle, Andre Granier, Thomas Grunwald, Jon Gundmondsson, David Hollinger, Ivan A. Janssens, Petri Keronen, Andrew S. Kowalski, Gabriel Katul, Beverly E. Law, Yadvinder Malhi, Tilden Meyers, Russell K. Monson, Eddy Moors, J. William Munger, Walt Oechel, Kyawtha Paw U, Kim Pilegaard, Ullar Rannik, Corinna Rebmann, Andrew E. Suyker, Halldor Thorgeirsson, Giampiero Tirone, Andrew Turnipseed, Kell Wilson, Steve Wofsy

School of Natural Resources: Faculty Publications

As length and timing of the growing season are major factors explaining differences in carbon exchange of ecosystems, we analyzed seasonal patterns of net ecosystem carbon exchange (F_NEE) using eddy covariance data of the FLUXNET data base (http://www-eosdis.ornl.gov/FLUXNET). The study included boreal and temperate, deciduous and coniferous forests, Mediterranean evergreen systems, rainforest, native and managed temperate grasslands, tundra, and C3 and C4 crops. Generalization of seasonal patterns are useful for identifying functional vegetation types for global dynamic vegetation models, as well as for global inversion studies, and can help improve phenological modules in SVAT or biogeochemical models. …

An Evolutionary Perspective Of Pierce’S Disease Of Grapevine, Citrus Variegated Chlorosis, And Mulberry Leaf Scorch Diseases, Jianchi Chen, John S. Hartung, Chung-Jan Chang, Anne K. Vidaver

Department of Plant Pathology: Faculty Publications

Xylella fastidiosa causes diseases on a growing list of economically important plants. An understanding of how xylellae diseases originated and evolved is important for disease prevention and management. In this study, we evaluated the phylogenetic relationships of X. fastidiosa strains from citrus, grapevine, and mulberry through the analyses of random amplified polymorphic DNAs (RAPDs) and conserved 16S rDNA genes. RAPD analysis emphasized the vigorous genome-wide divergence of X. fastidiosa and detected three clonal groups of strains that cause Pierce’s disease (PD) of grapevine, citrus variegated chlorosis (CVC), and mulberry leaf scorch (MLS). Analysis of 16S rDNA sequences also identified the …

Center For Grassland Studies Newsletters, Fall 2002, Volume 8, No. 4

Center for Grassland Studies: Newsletters

Examining the Roles of Plant Species and Nitrogen in the Structure and Function of Microbial Communities by Kate Bradley, Rhae Drijber and Johannes Knops, UNL

Carcass and Palatability Characteristics of Calf-fed and Yearling Finished Steers by Perry Brewer, Rosemary Anderson, Chris Calkins, Terry Klopfenstein, and Rick Rasby Department of Animal Science, UNL

2nd Nebraska Grazing Conference Another Winner

New Grasslands Plan Holds Promise for People, Wildlife, and Public Lands (reprint of Hovorka article)

Tracking Movement of Cattle With Satellites

Integrating Forage and Cattle Resources to Maximize Profitability of Beef Enterprises Conferences

Nebraska Partnership for All-Bird Conservation Formed

Editorial Matter For Volume 3, Number 2, Ada Long, Dail Mullins, Rusty Rushton

Journal of the National Collegiate Honors Council Online Archive

Editorial Policy
Contents
Call for Papers
Submission Guidelines
Dedication to Ada Long
Editor's Introduction, Ada Long
About the Authors

Early Human-Bison Population Interdependence In The Plains Ecosystem, Henry Epp, Ian Dyck

Great Plains Research: A Journal of Natural and Social Sciences (through 2013)

Human population size in the Great Plains ecosystem before European contact has been of longstanding interest to scholars. The same is true of bison numbers. Given the near total dependence on bison by nonagricultural precontact humans, integrating information on both human and bison numbers from that time is of further interest, providing the focus for this paper. Recent research on the behavioral ecology of bison and related ungulates has led to the identification of two distinct, although not mutually exclusive, populations: resident and migrant herds. Moreover, migrants tend to vastly outnumber residents, often by more than 4 to 1. The …

Great Plains Research Volume 12, Number 2, Fall 2002 - News And Notes

Great Plains Research: A Journal of Natural and Social Sciences (through 2013)

Contents:
Call for papers

Great Plains Research Volume 12, Number 2, Fall 2002 - Annual Index

Great Plains Research: A Journal of Natural and Social Sciences (through 2013)

annual index

Nebline, October 2002

NEBLINE Newsletter Archive from Nebraska Extension in Lancaster County

West Nile Virus: How Much Should You Worry?
Perennials with Silver Foliage
Garden Cleanup
Storing Vegetables
House Plant Insect Problems
2002 October/November Garden Calendar
Horticulture information center
Migrating Mice
Wolf Spiders: Big, Hairy and Real Fast
Using Rodenticides in Outbuildings, Garages and Barns
Now is the Time to Utilize Fall Alfalfa
Effects of a Freeze on Forages
Latest U.S. Drought Monitor Map
Grain Stubble Rental Rates
Garden Season Draws to a Close
How to Collect and Handle a Water Sample
Selecting a Tractor for an Acreage
Reducing Mouse and Rabbit Damage
Mice Bait Stations
How America Cooks Pasta
Healthy Eating: …

Neopa Conference- October 2002

NEOPA Documents and Publications

No abstract provided.

Dynamic Change In Photosynthetic Pigments And Chlorophyll Degradation Elicited By Cereal Aphid Feeding, Xinzhi Ni, Sharron S. Quisenberry, Tiffany Heng-Moss, John P. Markwell, Leon G. Higley, Frederick P. Baxendale, Gautam Sarath, Robert Klucas

Department of Entomology: Faculty Publications

The concentration of photosynthetic pigments (i.e., chlorophylls a and b, and carotenoids) and chlorophyll degradation enzyme (i.e., chlorophyllase, oxidative bleaching, and Mg-dechelatase) activities on aphid-damaged and non-damaged regions of the infested leaves were determined with two infestation periods (6 and 12 days). Russian wheat aphid [Diuraphis noxia (Mordvilko) (Hemiptera: Aphididae)] feeding caused significant losses of chlorophylls a and b and carotenoids in the damaged regions. However, bird cherry-oat aphid [Rhopalosiphum padi (L.) (Hemiptera: Aphididae)] feeding did not, except a significantly lower level of carotenoids was observed in the damaged regions from the short-infestation (6-day) samples. Interestingly, the non-damaged …

Endangered And Threatened Wildlife And Plants; Designation Of Critical Habitat For The Northern Great Plains Breeding Population Of The Piping Plover; Final Rule

United States Fish and Wildlife Service: Publications

We, the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service (Service), designate critical habitat for the northern Great Plains breeding population of the piping plover (Charadrius melodus), pursuant to the Endangered Species Act of 1973, as amended. The designation includes 19 critical habitat units containing prairie alkali wetlands, inland and reservoir lakes, totaling approximately 183,422 acres (ac) (74,228.4 hectares (ha)) and portions of 4 rivers totaling approximately 1,207.5 river miles (rm) (1,943.3 kilometers (km)) in the States of Minnesota, Montana, Nebraska, North Dakota, and South Dakota.

Critical habitat includes prairie alkali wetlands and surrounding shoreline, including 200 feet (ft) (61 meters …

Prairie Dogs And The Prairie Ecosystem, Scott E. Hygnstrom, Dallas R. Virchow

School of Natural Resources: Faculty Publications

Prairie dogs play an important role in the prairie ecosystem by creating unique patches of habitat in the expansive prairies of the American West. Their daily activities change the physical characteristics of the community, which leads to increased plant and animal diversity. Prairie dogs are a source of food for several predators, and their burrows provide homes for a variety of species, including the burrowing owl and endangered black-footed ferret. They also provide recreational opportunities for nature observers, photographers, and the sporting public. The presence of large, healthy prairie dog towns, however, is not always compatible with agriculture and other …

Chestnut Market Opportunities Assessing Upscale Restaurant Interest In Value-Added Chestnut Products, Food Processing Center

Food Processing Center: Reports

Chestnut trees, and consequently chestnuts, were a large part of American culture at the turn of the twentieth century. The American chestnut, which is one of four primary chestnut species--Japanese, European, and Chinese being the other three--was prominent in many parts of the country but particularly, the eastern part of the United States. The wood from the trees was commonly used in furniture making and the chestnuts from the tree were frequently included on ingredient lists from recipes used during that era. To not be familiar with and eat chestnuts then could be likened to not having heard of and …

Nebline, September 2002

NEBLINE Newsletter Archive from Nebraska Extension in Lancaster County

Food Safety at the Workplace: September is National Food Safety Education Month^SM
Test Your Refrigerator Food Safety Savvy Quiz
Storing Sweet Potatoes
Low Water Use Flowers for Your Landscape
2002 September/October Garden Calendar
Fall Rose Show
Horticulture information center
Protect Yourself from West Nile Virus by Controlling Mosquitoes
Recycle Used Oil!
Fall Cleaning?
Head Lice Videotape in English, Spanish and Arabic!
Basic Information about the 2002 Farm Bill
Wait to Use Fall Forage
Fall is a Good Time to Control Problem Weeds
Latest U.S. Drought Monitor Map
Organic Production
Let Popcorn Mature on the Stalk
Drying Gourds
Raising Ducks …