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Flea News 50 (July 1995), Robert E. Lewis

Flea News

Obituary: Maria Suciu (January 9, 1932-September 24, 1994)

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Siphonaptera literature

Canadian Cooperative Wildlife Health Centre Newsletter, Volume 3-2, Spring/Summer 1995

Canadian Cooperative Wildlife Health Centre: Newsletters and Publications

Budget Cuts and the Wildlife Health Centre Avian Botulism Workshop Some Common Diseases of Fresh-Water Fish Mortality of common terns in Kouchibouguac National Park Salt poisoning in White-Winged Crossbills Prevalence of Raccoon Roundworm (Baylisascaris procyonis) in Québec Massive Amphibian and Fish mortality in Mauricie after a Sulphuric Acid spill Intentional Poisoning of Snow Buntings by Carbofuran Conjunctivitis in house finches Collisions of migrating birds with office towersRaccoons Pesticide poisonings in eagles Tularemia in muskrats and beaver Lead poisoning in eagles

Tumor Necrosis Factor Alpha-Induced Apoptosis In Human Neuronal Cells: Protection By The Antioxidant N-Acetylcysteine And The Genes Bcl-2 And Crma, Angela K. Talley, Stephen Dewhurst, Seth W. Perry, Sheila C. Dollard, Suryaram Gummuluru, Steven M. Fine, Deborah New, Leon Epstein, Howard Gendelman, Harris A. Gelbard

Nebraska Center for Virology: Faculty Publications

Tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) is a candidate human immunodeficiency virus type 1-induced neurotoxin that contributes to the pathogenesis of AIDS dementia complex. We report here on the effects of exogenous TNF-α on SK-N-MC human neuroblastoma cells differentiated to a neuronal phenotype with retinoic acid. TNF-α caused a dose-dependent loss of viability and a corresponding increase in apoptosis in differentiated SK-N-MC cells but not in undifferentiated cultures. Importantly, intracellular signalling via TNF receptors, as measured by activation of the transcription factor NF-kB, was unaltered by retinoic acid treatment. Finally, overexpression of bcl-2 or crmA conferred resistance to apoptosis mediated by …

Heterozygosity Mapping Of Partially Congenic Lines: Mapping Of A Semidominant Neurological Mutation, Wheels ( Whl), On Mouse Chromosome 4, Patrick M. Nolan, Patricia J. Sollars, Barbara A. Bohne, Warren J. Ewens, Gary E. Pickard, Maja Bucan

School of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences: Faculty Publications

We identified a semidominant, chemically induced, mouse use mutation with a complex array of abnormal behaviors including bidirectional circling and hyperactivity, abnormal circadian rhythmicity and abnormal responses to light. In this report, we genetically and phenotypically characterized the circling/ waltzing component of the abnormal behavior. We mapped the locus controlling this trait by heterozygosity mapping of partially congenic lines carrying the mutagenized chromosome outcrossed to different inbred strains for three generations. Analysis of 68 PCR-based markers in 13 affected individuals indicated that the mutant locus, named Wheels (Whl), resides in the subcentromeric portion of mouse chromosome 4. The …

Three New Eimerians In Capybara (Hydrochaeris Hydrochaeris) Populations From Eastern Bolivia And Southern Venezuela, M. C. Casas, Donald W. Duszynski, L. M. Zalles

Harold W. Manter Laboratory of Parasitology: Faculty Publications

From June to August 1993, fecal samples were collected from the intestinal tract of 13 juvenile, 4 pre-adult, and 25 adult capybaras (Hydrochaeris hydrochaeris L.) from 10 localities in eastern Bolivia; additionally, 19 fresh fecal samples were collected in 1994 from capybara herds at 2 localities in south central Venezuela. Oocysts of 3 eimerians were recovered from the capybara populations in both countries and, after study, are described here as new species. Sporulated oocysts of Eimeria trinidadensis n. sp. are subspheroidal, 20.9 x 18.1 (18-23 x 16.5-21) μm with sporocysts ovoidal, 9.8 x 6.1 (8-12 x 5-8) μm. Micropyle …

Acanthobothrium Nicoyaense N. Sp. (Eucestoda: Tetraphyllidea: Onchobothriidae) In Aetobatus Narinari (Euphrasen) (Chondrichthyes: Myliobatiformes: Myliobatidae) From The Gulf Of Nicoya, Costa Rica, Daniel R. Brooks, Sharon Mccorquodale

Harold W. Manter Laboratory of Parasitology: Faculty Publications

A new species of Acanthobothrium in Aetobatus narinari from the Gulf of Nicoya, Costa Rica, most closely resembles Acanthobothrium colombianum in the same host and A. urotrygoni in Urotrygon venezuelae from Cartagena, Colombia, by having relatively few proglottides per strobila, spinose cephalic peduncles, bothridial margins free at their posterior ends, and irregularly shaped rather than spherical or elongate cirrus sacs. Acanthobothrium colombianum differs from the new species by being as much as 35 mm rather than no more than 4.7 mm long and by having 31-48 rather than 13-19 proglottides, an average of 46 rather than 15 testes per proglottis, …

Phylogenetic Relationships Of The Genera Of The Pronocephalidae Looss, 1902 (Digenea: Paramphistomiformes), Gerardo Pérez Ponce De León, Daniel R. Brooks

Harold W. Manter Laboratory of Parasitology: Faculty Publications

Quantitative phylogenetic analysis of 20 nominal genera of the Pronocephalidae based on 47 morphological transformation series produced 6 equally parsimonious trees, each with a consistency index of 77.8%. All trees agree that Adenogaster is the sister group to the rest of the pronocephalids, and a new subfamily is proposed for it. The Pronocephalinae comprises Pronocephalus, Ruicephalus, Neopronocephalus, Macravestibulum, Choanophorus, Cetiosaccus, and Metacetabulum. The Charaxicephalinae comprises Charaxicephalus, Desmogonius, Diaschistorchis, Pleurogonius, Iguanacola, Renigonius, Parapleurogonius, Himasomum, Pyelosomum, Cricocephalus, Barisomum, and Pseudobarisomum. An amended diagnosis …

Phylogenetic Relationships Among The Species Of Pyelosomum Looss, 1899 (Digenea: Pronocephalidae), Gerardo Perez-Ponce De Leon, Daniel R. Brooks

Harold W. Manter Laboratory of Parasitology: Faculty Publications

Comparative morphological study of 10 nominal species of pronocephalids forming a clade diagnosed by plump rounded bodies, sinuous ceca, and short esophagi supports the recognition of 7 species, with Pyelosomum longicaecum a junior synonym of P. renicapite, and P. solum and Myosaccus chelonei species incertae sedis. Phylogenetic analysis of the 7 recognized species, based on 18 morphological transformation series, produced a single tree with a consistency index of 86%. That tree suggests that Pyelosomum is paraphyletic unless Astrorchis, Epibathra, and Myosaccus are included in it. Accordingly, all are considered junior synonyms of Pyelosomum. Epibathra stenobursata is …

Evolutionary Origin Of Plasmodium And Other Apicomplexa Based On Rrna Genes, Ananias A. Escalante, Francisco J. Ayala

Harold W. Manter Laboratory of Parasitology: Library Materials

We have explored the evolutionary history of the Apicomplexa and two related protistan phyla, Dinozoa and Ciliophora, by comparing the nucleotide sequences of small subunit ribosomal RNA genes. We conclude that the Plasmodium lineage, to which the malarial parasites belong, diverged from other apicomplexan lineages (piroplasmids and coccidians) several hundred million years ago, perhaps even before the Cambrian. The Plasmodium radiation, which gave rise to several species parasitic to humans, occurred 129 million years ago; Plasmodium parasitism of humans has independently arisen several times. The origin of apicomplexans (Plasmodium), dinoflagellates, and ciliates may be >1 billion years old, …

Restoration Of Circadian Behavior By Anterior Hypothalamic Heterografts, Patricia J. Sollars, Daniel P. Kimble, Gary E. Pickard

School of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences: Faculty Publications

The suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN) of the anterior hypothalamus (AH) is a circadian oscillator and an important component of the mammalian circadian system. To determine whether the SCN is the dominant circadian pacemaker responsible for generating a species-typical characteristic of circadian rhythms [i.e., period length (T)], neural transplantation was conducted using fetal AH donors of different species and SCN-lesioned (SCNx) hosts. The circadian behavior of each of the three donor species is clearly distinguishable by its species-typical T. The extent of SCN pacemaker autonomy was assessed by noting whether the period of the restored circadian rhythm following heterograft transplantation was characteristic …

Morphology And Morphometrics Of Three Oxyurids Parasitic In Primates With A Description Of Lemuricola Microcebi N. Sp., Jean-Pierre Hugot, Serge Morand, Scott Lyell Gardner

Harold W. Manter Laboratory of Parasitology: Faculty Publications

Morphology and morphometrics of three oxyurids parasitic in primates with a description of Lemuricola microcebi n. sp. Classical and morphometric analyses were conducted on several samples of oxyurid nematodes parasitic in strepsirrhine primates: Cheirogaleus major, Galago senegalensis, and Microcebus murinus. A diagnosis of Lemuricola contagiosus Chabaud & Petter, 1959 from C. major is given using syntypes, from which a lectotype is selected. The rest of the specimens were compared to L. contagiosus. From measurements taken from each sex, an initial Principal Component Analysis (PCA) was performed on log-transformed data and a second PCA was performed on …

The Nutritional Impacts Of European Contact On The Omaha: A Continuing Legacy, Christiana Miewald

Great Plains Research: A Journal of Natural and Social Sciences (through 2013)

For the majority of Native American tribes on the Great Plains, contact with Euro-Americans resulted in a number of changes in their lifeways. For the Omaha tribe, the introduction of both the horse and firearms meant a diversification in nutritional strategies and a florescence in their culture. After being confined to their reservation in 1855, the Omaha continued to remain largely self-sufficient in food production. During the early years of the reservation until the turn of the century, the Omaha were highly successful farmers, producing surpluses of cash• and garden variety crops. In this paper I argue that today the …

Serendip Deborahae N. Gen. And N. Sp. (Eucestoda: Tetraphyllidea: Serendipidae N. Fam.) In Rhinoptera Steindachneri Evermann And Jenkins, 1891 (Chondrichthyes: Myliobatiformes: Myliobatidae) From Southeastern Ecuador, Daniel R. Brooks, Ramiro Barriga

Harold W. Manter Laboratory of Parasitology: Faculty Publications

Cestodes collected in spiral valves of Rhinoptera steindachneri from the southern coast of Ecuador represent an undescribed species of Tetraphyllidea. The new species has bothridia possessing septa but lacking apical suckers. It is diagnosably distinct from all other tetraphyllidean genera by possessing a scolex comprising 4 triangular bothridia that are fused together forming a platelike structure, each of which is subdivided by 2 simple and 1 bifurcating septa radiating from its base and ringed by marginal loculi; therefore, a new genus is proposed for it. By exhibiting some degree of bothridial fusion, testes arranged in 2 layers in the proglottis …

Nf95-216 Ascites Syndrome In Broiler Chickens, Eva Wallner-Pendleton, Sheila Scheideler

University of Nebraska-Lincoln Extension: Historical Materials

This NebFact explains the number one cause of broiler death in home flocks and how to prevent it.

Infections Associated With Bartonella Species In Persons Infected With Human Immunodeficiency Virus, Russell L. Regnery, James E. Childs, Jane E. Koehler

Zoonotics and Wildlife Disease: Publications

Two members of the genus Bartonella, Bartonella quintana (formerly Rochalimaea quintana) and Bartonella henselae (formerly Rochalimaea henselae), have recently been recognized as agents of severe or fatal disease in patients infected with human immunodeficiencyv irus (HIV). The development of infection with B. henselae in HIV-infected individuals has been associated with traumatic contact with cats (scratches or bites), and domestic cats have been identified as a major reservoir for this organism. Specific information regarding the transmission of B. henselae to humans is not yet available, but common-sense precautions that minimize exposure to cat-associated organisms are appropriate. Preliminary accounts suggest that …

Rabies--Epidemiology, Prevention, And Future Research, John W. Krebs, Mark L. Wilson, James E. Childs

Zoonotics and Wildlife Disease: Publications

Rabies is caused by a single-stranded, negative-sense RNA virus, maintained in nature by a variety of animal reservoirs. Rabies virus infects the central nervous system, resulting in progressive encephalopathy and ultimately death in an infected human. Globally, the risk of contracting rabies for humans is greatest in regions of the developing world where dog rabies is enzootic. Where rabies in dogs has been eliminated or otherwise controlled through vaccination programs, the disease can be maintained by wildlife. Wildlife primarily involved in maintenance of transmission cycles are carnivores and bats. Persons having frequent contact with wildlife, such as mammalogists, are at …

Rodent-Borne Hemorrhagic Fever Viruses: A Special Risk For Mammalogists?, James E. Childs, James N. Mills, Gregory E. Glass

Zoonotics and Wildlife Disease: Publications

We review two groups of taxonomically unrelated viruses that share similarities in host preference and transmission routes to humans and pose a risk for mammalogists working with rodents. The rodent-borne hemorrhagic fever viruses in the Arenaviridae and Bunyaviridae are widely distributed on most continents where rodents occur. Their geographic distribution usually exceeds the distribution of the recognized human diseases they cause and has resulted from either natural coevolutionary events or the dissemination of viral passengers traveling with introduced mammalian hosts. Diseases of humans caused by these agents are among the most severe and most frequently fatal of zoonotic diseases. These …