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Neotype Designations For The Type Species Of Phidippus (Araneae: Salticidae), G. B. Edwards

Insecta Mundi

Neotypes are designated for Attus audax Hentz and Salticus variegatus Lucas in order to establish the identity of these species to facilitate a ruling on the proper name of the type species of the genus Phidippus by the International Commission of Zoological Nomenclature.

Obtaining Assistance To Control Wildlife Damage, Philip S. Gipson, Russel F. Reidinger Jr.

Prevention and Control of Wildlife Damage Handbook

The Wildlife Society (TWS) policy statement for wildlife damage control (1992) states: “Prevention or control of wildlife damage . . . is an essential and responsible part of wildlife management.” The role of wildlife damage control in our society is changing and so is public perception of it. This change is recognized among wildlife managers and researchers. Efforts are under way to make the wildlife damage control profession more responsive to concerns of society. Formal petition for the establishment of a Wildlife Damage Working Group within TWS was made to the Wildlife Society Council on March 21, 1993 and the …

Patterns Among Host Plants Of Potato Leafhopper, Empoasca Fabae (Homoptera: Cicadellidae), William O. Lamp, Gary R. Nielsen, Stephen D. Danielson

Department of Entomology: Faculty Publications

Ecological characteristics of potato leafhopper, Empoasca fabae (Harris), including polyphagy, suggest that non-economic plant species in the landscape may be important to its population ecology. The objectives of this study were to compile a host list, to ascertain taxonomic and ecological patterns within the list, and to determine host utilization in non-crop habitats. The host plant list included 220 species in 100 genera and 26 families. Fabaceae represented 47% of the genera and 62% of the species. Yet, the list includes a diversity of taxonomic groups within the class Magnoliopsida, representing highly divergent chemistry and morphological types. Ecological classifications, based …

Marine Mammal Studies Supported By The Northeast Fisheries Science Center During 1980-89, Gordon T. Waring, Janeen M. Quintal, Tim D. Smith

United States Department of Commerce: Staff Publications

Marine mammal research supported by the Northeast Fisheries Science Center from 1980 to 1989 is described in the context of four research areas defined retrospectively: (1) ecological roles and habitat requirements, (2) human interactions, (3) optimum sustainable population size, and (4) research planning and archiving. Within each area, contract and in· house projects are grouped into a number of research topics which are based on actual projects completed. Research activities and results, along with the total amount of money spent, are summarized for each topic. The relationship of the research supported over the decade to the recommendations of a research …

Models To Predict Yield Loss Due To Weeds In Rice Ecosystems, John L. Lindquist

Department of Agronomy and Horticulture: Faculty Publications

Yield loss models have been developed and evaluated for irrigated rice ecosystems with respect to effects of Echinochloa crusgalli. Simple regression models that give the relation between yield loss and weed density or relative leaf area are discussed with respect to their practical value in weed management in rice. More complex eco-physiological process models have been developed and used for rice ecosystems as well. Such models can be useful as a tool in research, whereas more simple approaches are needed for practical application in weed management.

Diversity: How To Lie With Biodiversity, Gordon H. Rodda

United States Department of Agriculture Wildlife Services: Staff Publications

Biodiversity is the bandwagon of the moment. Unfortunately, the concept is sufficiently complex that almost any population biology study, with almost any conclusion, can be framed as an effort to measure or conserve biodiversity. Based on what 1 have seen in the literature and heard at recent scientific meetings, here is a primer on some of the more popular ways to bend biodiversity data.

Suppose you wish to claim that a species is disappearing. With the explanation that time and funding were limited, you might present population trajectories based on as few as two estimates of abundance. Perhaps the final …

Preface To Biology Of The Heteromyidae, Hugh H. Genoways, James H. Brown

University of Nebraska State Museum: Mammalogy Papers

What is the family Heteromyidae? It is the group ofexclusively New World rodents that includes the kangaroo rats, pocket mice, and kangaroo mice ofthe desert, grasslands, and shrublands of western North America as well as the spiny and pouched rats of the subtropical shrublands and tropical deciduous and evergreen forests of North America, Central America, and northernmost South America. It is a large family, with six genera and 316 species.

Extending The Symbiotype Concept To Host Voucher Specimens, Daniel R. Brooks

Harold W. Manter Laboratory of Parasitology: Faculty Publications

Recently, Frey, Yates, Duszynski, Gannon, and Gardner (1992) suggested that parasitologists deposit specimens of hosts from which type specimens of new parasite species are collected. Their proposal was directed especially at systematic and evolutionary biologists. Frey et al. (1992) pointed out that, whether one emphasizes microevolutionary (e.g., Price, 1980) or macroevolutionary (e.g., Brooks and Mc- Lennan, 1993) aspects of parasite evolutionary biology, much of the context of evolution involves hosts. Robust estimates of the selective effects and the patterns of diversification of host associations require the best possible estimates of the host species involved. This is …

13.3.14. Detrital Accumulation And Processing In Wetlands, Patrick A. Magee

Waterfowl Management Handbook

Wetlands are among the most productive ecosystems on earth (Fig. 1) and are often characterized by lush growths of hydrophytes. However, direct consumption of wetland plants by animals is relatively low, and, therefore, much of the biomass and energy assimilated by hydrophytes becomes detritus or senesced plant litter. Nutrients released by detritus into the water and soil are assimilated by microorganisms, algae, plants, and small aquatic animals. Through this process, energy is transferred from detritus to other biotic components of a wetland. Plant litter ultimately decomposes.

Litter processing is regulated by environmental factors, microbial activity, the presence and abundance of …

Handbook Of Field Methods For Monitoring Landbirds, C. John Ralph, Geoffrey R. Geupel, Peter Pyle, Thomas E. Martin, David F. Desante

United States Department of Agriculture, Forest Service / University of Nebraska-Lincoln: Faculty Publications

This handbook is a compilation of methods that can be used to assay population size, demographics, and status of many species of birds occurring in a wide variety of habitats. The handbook will prove useful to field biologists, managers, and scientists anywhere in the New World from the arctic through the tropics. The methods include four types of censuses for determining population size and trends, mist-netting and nest searches to determine demographic parameters, and other methods that will be useful in operating a monitoring station, including habitat and weather observations, and suggestions for training personnel and possibilities for detailed studies. …

The Probe, Issue 125 - September 1992

The Probe: Newsletter of the National Animal Damage Control Association

THE PROBE
National Animal Damage Control Association
SEPTEMBER 1992
Bird Strike Committee USA Is Born
Calendar of Upcoming Events
Positions Available
"Wire" Grid Excludes Cormorants from Commercial Catfish Ponds
"Pesticides to 1995" Available
Animal Damage Control in the News:
Arizona Update From WLFA
Ducks Scared For Own Good
California Activists Convicted For Tule Elk Hunt Disruption
Ace Hardware Stops Support for “Kind News” Publication
Attack on California Girl, 5, Results in Coyote Hunt
Norplant for Beavers?
Fifth Eastern Wildlife Damage Control Conference Proceedings.

South American Oxybelus I. Notes On Types Of Spinola, F. Smith, Brethes, Pate, And Schrottky (Hymenoptera, Sphecidae, Crabroninae), Richard M. Bohart

Insecta Mundi

The names of previously described South American species of Oxybelus are listed, annotated, and synonymy given. Nomenclature changes are: brethesi is a new name for interruptus Brethes 1913; decipiens Brethes 1913 and pamparum Brethes 1913 are synonyms of catamarcensis Schmttky 1909; fritzi is a new name for modestus Brethes 1913; agnitus Brethes 1913 is a synonym of marginatus F. Smith 1866; joergenseni Brethes 1913 is a synonym of paraguayensis Brethes 1909; and tarijensis Brethes 1913 is a synonym of platensis Brethes 1901. Neotypes are established for platensis and catamarcensis, and lectotypes for americanus, argentinus, modestus, marginatus, and tarijensis …

Parasiticidal Effect Of Chemotherapy In Alveolar Hydatid Disease: Review Of Experience With Mebendazole And Albendazole In Alaskan Eskimos, J. F. Wilson, Robert L. Rausch, B. J. Mcmahon, P. M. Schantz

Harold W. Manter Laboratory of Parasitology: Faculty Publications

Evidence that the larval stage of Echinococcus multilocularis in humans is killed by chemotherapy is presented in a review of our 17-year experience with treatment of alveolar hydatid disease in Alaska. The efficacy of chemotherapy was assessed with use of an in vivo assay of parasite viability by means of inoculation of voles, immunohistochemical tests, and histopathologic findings. Of 14 tests performed for nine patients, 12 in vivo assays (86%) were negative after chemotherapy, while only two (17%) of 12 vole tests for seven untreated patients were negative. Regression or arrest of growth of metastatic and primary hepatic lesions, together …

Coprolite Analysis: A Biological Perspective On Archaeology, Karl J. Reinhard, Baughn M. Bryant Jr

Karl Reinhard Publications

The most remarkable dietary remains recoverable from archaeological contexts are coprolites. Coprolites are desiccated or mineralized feces that are preserved in sheltered and open sites in arid regions, primarily in the New World. These dietary remains are remarkable from several perspectives. They typically contain a variety of macroscopic and microscopic remains that form interrelated data sets for the reconstruction of diets. Because contexts containing coprolites are typified by excellent preservation, the remains coprolites contain tend to be in better states of preservation than dietary remains recovered from nonfecal deposits. Coprolites also contain the well-preserved remains of intestinal parasites and pathogens …

Degradation Of Wheat Streak Mosaic Virus Capsid Protein During Leaf Senescence, Myron K. Brakke, Rose N. Skopp, L. C. Lane

Department of Plant Pathology: Faculty Publications

Wheat streak mosaic virus capsid protein degraded in vivo by proteolysis as leaves senesced. The capsid protein of virus purified from young systemically infected leaves had an apparent size or 45 kDa in 12% sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gels with minor amounts of 43, 42, 33, and 3E kDa proteins. The proportion of smaller proteins increased with the age of the leaf. In some virus preparations only 3 1 kDa capsid protein was detected. In vitro proteolysis of virions with 45 kDa protein produced virions with 31 kDa protein. Virions with 31 kDa capsid protein sedimented slightly more slowly than those …

Can Genetically Engineered Crops Become Weeds?, Kathleen H. Keeler

School of Biological Sciences: Faculty Publications

There are significant differences if the distribution of weedy characteristics among weeds, normal plants, and crops. The world’s most serious weeds possess on the average 10 or 11 of these characters, a random collection of British plants have an average seven of the traits, and crop plants only five. For the average crop to become as “weedy” as the average weed, it would need to acquire five weedy traits. Even using the unlikely assumption that those traits are single loci in which a dominant mutation would provide the weedy character, this would require the simultaneous acquisition of five gene substitutions. …

Assessment Of Squirrel-Caused Power Outages, J. Chris Hamilton, Ron J. Johnson, Ronald M. Case, Michael W. Riley

School of Natural Resources: Faculty Publications

Squirrel-caused power outages in Lincoln and Omaha, Nebraska, were evaluated by examining company power outage reports and by consulting with power company representatives. Reports showed that squirrel-caused outages at pole-mounted transformers were most prevalent during May, June, and October (48% of total) and between 1 and 4 h after sunrise (38%), patterns that coincide with squirrel dispersal or morning activity periods. In Lincoln, 1980 and 1981, squirrels caused 177 outages per year, which was 24% of all outages and 90% of animal-caused outages. Estimated minimum annual costs were $23 364 for repairs, public relations, and lost revenue while meters were …

Progeny Production And Duration Of Development Of Rusty Grain Beetles, Cryptolestes Ferrugineus (Stephens) (Coleoptera: Cucujidae), On Cracked And Whole Corn, James E. Throne, Mark P. Culik

United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service / University of Nebraska-Lincoln: Faculty Publications

Progeny production and duration of development of rusty grain beetles, Crytptolestes ferrugineus (Stephens), maintained at 43 and 75% RH were determined on whole and cracked corn. Number of progeny produced per female per day of oviposition ranged from 0 on whole corn maintained at 43% RH to 2.2 on coarsely cracked corn maintained at 75% RH. Duration of development ranged from 6.1 weeks on coarsely cracked corn maintained at 75% RH to 12.0 weeks on whole corn maintained at 43% RH. Progeny production was generally greatest and duration of development was generally shortest at 75% RH. Progeny production increased and …

Cognitive Processes In The Curry Learning Style Framework As Measured By The Learning Style Profile And The Myers-Briggs Type Indicator Among Non-Majors In College Biology, Claudia Tarver Melear

Department of Agricultural Leadership, Education, and Communication: Dissertations, Theses, and Student Research

Curry's (1983) model of learning style framework with Claxton & Murrell's (1987) adaptations was used to study the profile of the non-major in a college biology course. The purpose of the study was to provide empirically derived data in both a qualitative and quantitative format of the non major (both successful and unsuccessful students) to improve the course. Over 600 students were administered the Learning Style Profile [(LSP) (National Association of Secondary School Principals) Indicator (MBTI) (NASSP) and the Myers-Briggs Type (Consulting Psychologists Press)] to determine the students' learning styles as a predictor for Success in the course. The MBTI …

The Quest Of Dr. Ernest F. Bashford For Knowledge About Cancer Etiology In Man And Mouse, Anne J. Krush

Transactions of the Nebraska Academy of Sciences and Affiliated Societies

Dr. Ernest F. Bashford, an English physician,lived from 1873 to 1923. For many years before his untimely death, he was an officer for the Imperial Cancer Research Fund. From articles in the British Medical Journal and other publications, Bashford prepared a volume of reprints (1903-1909) concerning problems, growth, and heredity of cancer, and experiments with breast cancer in mice. Cancer had been studied histologically and clinically, with only speculation as to its origin, nature, and cause in man. He suggested cooperative studies by investigators in many different fields. Concerned with why the growth of cancer seemed limitless, and with problems …

Immune, Growth And Carcass Responses Of Ram Lambs To Active Immunization Against Desulfated Cholecystokinin (Cck-8), W. E. Trout, J. C. Pekas, B. D. Schanbacher

United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service / University of Nebraska-Lincoln: Faculty Publications

This study explored feed intake and carcass responses to active immunization against desulfated cholecystokinin-octapeptide (CCK-8) in ram lambs. Antibody titers 8 wk following primary immunization and booster immunizations given at 4 and 6 wk averaged greater than 1:1,000. Titers increased to greater than 1:10,000 by 16 wk following a final booster immunization at 11 wk. The antibodies developed against desulfated CCK-8 exhibited 29% and 13% cross-reactivities for sulfated CCK-8 and gastrin-17, respectively. Immunization against desulfated CCK-8 had no effect on feed intake, ADG, carcass weight or carcass quality grade. Backfat thickness and carcass yield grade were reduced (P < .05) by immunization. Organ weights at slaughter, including those of the pancreas and small intestines, were not affected by CCK-8 immunization, with the exception of the lungs, which were 16% lighter (P < .01) in immunized lambs. In conclusion, active immunization against desulfated CCK-8 resulted in development of high antibody titers against desulfated and sulfated CCK-8. Immunization against CCK-8 decreased fat content of the carcass but failed to affect feed intake, carcass weight or ADG.

Department Of Entomology Newsletter - No. 5, Part 1, 1988, George R. Manglitz

Hexapod Herald and Other Entomology Department Newsletters

When the last Newsletter was published in 1976 (No.4), it was assumed that it would be followed by another In 4 or 5 years. And indeed, considerable effort has been expended on the production of No.5. However, for various very good reasons No.5, although close to publication several times, aborted several times. Now largely because this is the centennial year of our Department, we feel that we can wait no longer. Because of that fact, the format of this Newsletter will be slightly different from those in the past. We have the "news" that you furnished about yourselves 5 or …

Queen Pheromone Production And Its Physiological Correlates In Fire Ant Queens (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) Treated With Fenoxycarb, Martin S. Obin, B. Michael Glancey, W. A. Banks, Robert K. Vander Meer

Entomology Papers from Other Sources

Biological assays were used to evaluate the effect of the insect growth regulator fenoxycarb (ethyl (2-p-phenoxyphenoxy) ethyl carbamate) on production of queen-derived dealation inhibitory pheromone and the queen recognition pheromone of Solenopsis invicta Buren. Treated virgin and mated queens weighed less and were less capable of inhibiting dealation by female alates than were nontreated controls. Virgin queens that gained weight during the experimental trials produced more dealation inhibitory pheromone and more queen recognition pheromone than virgin queens that lost weight. Treated virgin queens with fenoxycarb-induced ovary dysfunction inhibited de alation in proportionally fewer alates than treated virgin queens of similar …

Quantitative Analysis Of Temperature., Moisture., And Diet Factors Affecting Insect Development, David W. Hagstrum, George A. Milliken

Entomology Papers from Other Sources

Extensive published data on the developmental times of nine species of stored-product Coleoptera in relation to temperature, moisture, and diet were described by regression equations. At most temperatures, the order of relative influence of these factors on development was temperature > moisture > diet. However, moisture and diet influenced larval development more than temperature near the optimal temperature for development of each species. Egg, larval, and pupal stage durations at 27°C averaged 15, 66, and 19% of the total developmental time, respectively, at moistures above 12%, and 12, 72, and 15% of total developmental time at moistures below 12%. Similar percentages were …

Variation In Chromosome Length Among Five Biotypes Of The Greenbug (Homoptera: Aphididae), Z. B. Mayo, K. J. Starks, D. J. Banks, R. A. Veal

Department of Entomology: Faculty Publications

Chromosome-length measurements from five greenbug, Schizaphis graminum (Rondani), biotypes (B, C, E, F, and Maryland) were compared by discriminant analyses procedures. There were highly significant (P = 0.0001) differences in total lengths of chromosome sets among biotypes. In individual paired comparisons, where each biotype was compared with only one other biotype at a time, chromosome measurements correctly classified aphids to their respective biotype in 45-85% of the cases. Degree of correct classification was dependent on the two biotypes being compared and the discriminant function used in the analysis. Results indicate that there are two groups of biotypes that can be …

Fox Squirrel Interaction With Electrical Transformers, J. Christopher Hamilton

School of Natural Resources: Dissertations, Theses, and Student Research

No abstract provided.

Fox Squirrel Interaction With Electrical Transformers, J. Christipher Hamilton

School of Natural Resources: Dissertations, Theses, and Student Research

No abstract provided.

Diving Birds Of North America: Literature Cited, Paul A. Johnsgard

Diving Birds of North America by Paul A. Johnsgard

14 pages, with more than 500 references.

Effects Of Barley Yellow Dwarf Virus On The Biology Of The Bird Cherry-Oat Aphid, Rhopalosiphum Padi (L.), J. E. Araya, John E. Foster

Department of Entomology: Faculty Publications

Diverse parameters of the life cycle of Rhopalosiphum padi (L.), maintained on leaf sections of healthy or BYDV (PA V strain)·infected wheat and oat plants, were compared in the laboratory at 18 ± 1 C. The aphids reared on infected ",heat leaf sections had a shorter lifespan and adult Jife (P<= 0.05) than on uninfected wbeat (23.7 and 27.5 days for lifespan, and 17.9 and 21.4 days for adult life, respectively). Tbe BYDV-infection on wheat (cvs. 'Abe' and 'Caldwell') increased (P<= 0.05) the reproductive ability of the aphid from 73.9 to 78.1 nymphs per female (5.9 to 6.5 nymphs per day during the reproductive period). No significant dilTerences were detected when using oa15 (cvs. 'ClintIand 64' and 'Porter').

Natural Enemies Of Rice Leaf Folder Cnaphalocrocis Medinalis (Guenée) —A Critical Review, R. C. Joshi, E. P. Cadapan, Elvis A. Heinrichs

Department of Entomology: Faculty Publications

A chronological review of the biological control agents of rice leaf folder, Cnaphafalocrocis medinalis Guenée, including the stage of host attacked in different countries, their activity and suggestions for future.

The rice leaf folder, Cnaphalocrocis medinalis Guenée, which was a pest of minor importance till the last decade, recently has assumed major importance in many rice ecosystem of Asia, the South Pacific Islands, Hawaii and Australia (Hirao, 1982). Increasingly frequent outbreaks of this pest (Table I) in recent years have been attributed to the introduction of modern rice technologies, namely: Continuous and overlapping cropping (Rajamma and Das, 1969); introduction of …