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Electron Production In Proton Collisions: Total Cross Sections, M. Eugene Rudd, Y-K. Kim, D. H. Madison, J. W. Gallagher

M. Eugene Rudd Publications

Existing data on the ionization of neutral atoms and molecules by proton impact are reviewed, and electron production cross-section data are collected. The three major experimental methods are discussed and possible sources of error identified. Some theoretical cross sections are discussed, and well-established methods of relating them to measured cross sections are reviewed. A mathematical equation is fitted to the weighted experimental data for each target, and these fits are adjusted to be consistent with appropriate theoretical calculations and with electron impact and photoionization data. Recommended values of total cross sections for proton-impact ionization are given.

Preserving Nebraska's Wetlands: Now And In The Future, Mark A. Christensen

Nebraska Law Review

I. Introduction

II. Nebraska's Wetlands ... A. A Wetlands Definition ... B. The Destruction of Nebraska's Wetlands ... 1. The Rainwater Basin ... 2. The Sandhills ... C. The Consequences of Wetlands Destruction

III. Wetland Protection Measures Currently Available ... A. Section 404 of the Clean Water Act ... 1. The History of Section 404 ... 2. The Current Scope of Section 404 ... 3. The Current 404 Program in Nebraska ... B. Other Means of Wetlands Preservation ... 1. Federal Land Acquisition ... 2. State Land Acquisition ... 3. State Cost Sharing Practices ... 4. Water Bank Program ... …

Monoculture, Polyculture, And Polyvariety In Tropical Forest Swidden Cultivation, Raymond B. Hames

Department of Anthropology: Faculty Publications

A number of researchers have suggested that polyculture is characteristic of native tropical forest swiddens and have adduced theory from community ecology to account for its adaptiveness. Ye’kwana and Yąnomamö swidden cultivation is examined, and it is shown that polyculture is not practiced to any significant degree. Instead, the concept of polyvariety is introduced along with a number of other cultivation practices that more simply account for the adaptiveness of Ye’kwana and Yąnomamö gardening. In addition, comparative data from other parts of the tropical world indicate that polyculture is no more common than monoculture and recent advances in ecological research …

Cranes Of The World: Black-Necked Crane (Grus Nigricollis), Paul A. Johnsgard

Cranes of the World by Paul A. Johnsgard

Other Vernacular Names:
None in general English use; Grue á cour noir (French); Schwarzhals Kranich (German); Cheniozheuleu zhuravl (Russian); Grulla de cue110 negro (Spanish).

Range:
Breeds from Ladakh east through Tibet (Xizang Zizhiqu) to the Koko Nor Region in eastern Tsinghai (Qinghai), probably mostly between 4,300 and 4,600 meters elevation. Migratory, and reported on migration or during winter from central and eastern Sikang, Yunnan, and Tonkin (Vaurie, 1965). Also winters in small numbers in the southern Himalayas (Bhutan and Frontier Division of Subansiri Pradesh) at elevations of 1,500-3,000 meters (Ali, 1976).

Drugs During Pregnancy: Dangerous Business—The Continued Movement To Provide Adequate Warnings For The Consumer, David Detar Newbert

Nebraska Law Review

Recently, the United States Food and Drug Administration amended its general drug labeling provisions to include warnings on numerous over-the-counter drugs. These changes are directed at protecting consumers who are either pregnant or nursing their infants. As a result, manufacturers of thousands of over-the-counter drug products have until December 5, 1983, to comply with the new labeling requirements. This Comment briefly reviews the scientific information that led to the new labeling requirements and gives a historical perspective of the government's role in protecting the American consumer from dangerous drugs. It also explores the drug manufacturer's role in the entire process …

Agricultural Experiment Station News June 1982

Agricultural Research Division: News and Annual Reports

CONTENTS:
From the Director’s Desk
Widaman Trust Awards to Twelve
SAHS SEZ
New AES Project Outline Format
NEW AND REVISED PROJECTS
Grants and Contracts
New Experiment Station Personnel
Journal Articles - Submitted for Publication
Journal Abstracts - Submitted for Publication
BULLETINS PRINTED
CALENDAR OF EVENTS - SUMMER, 1982

Bird Problems And Their Solutions In Britain, Ernest N. Wright

Vertebrate Pest Conference Proceedings: 10th (1982)

The background and organization of research on bird pests in Britain are described and the main projects are outlined. Work is currently concentrated on bullfinches, starlings, rooks and woodpigeons together with behavioral studies aimed at developing better bird scarers.

A Bibliography Of Varietal Resistance To The Rice Gall Midge, Orseolia Oryzae (Wood-Mason), P. K. Pathak, E. A. Heinrichs

Department of Entomology: Faculty Publications

This bibliography contains 330 published and unpublished references for the period 1881-1981. References are arranged alphabetically by author and are also classified by country and by subjects (mass rearing, screening, evaluation and utilization of resistant varieties, breeding for and inheritance of resistance, and biotype variation). Tables list resistant varieties identified, varietal sources used in breeding programs, varieties which have been released for cultivation by farmers and biotype classification.

A Multivariate Study Of The Family Molossidae (Mammalia, Chiroptera) : Morphology, Ecology, Evolution, Patricia W. Freeman

University of Nebraska State Museum: Mammalogy Papers

The purpose of my study is to examine as many species of the family Molossidae as possible and to determine, with the aid of numerical methods, what natural groups exist within the family. Sneath & Sokal (1973) discuss the methods and reasons for this kind of analysis. A natural group of organisms as here defined is one in which its members share a close phenetic relationship. Phenetic relationship is defined as "similarity (resemblance) based on a set of phenotypic characteristics of the objects or organisms under study," (Sneath & Sokal, 1973, p. 29), and is distinct in definition from phylogenetic …

Invertebrate Lebensspuren Of Holocene Floodplains: Their Morphology, Origin And Paleoecological Significance, Brett C. Ratcliffe, J. A. Fagerstrom

University of Nebraska State Museum: Entomology Papers

Although rocks of floodplain origin are volumetrically important, they contain relatively few trace fossils; both abundance and diversity are low. Conversely, Holocene floodplain sediments locally contain abundant and diverse lebensspuren mostly produced by insects, spiders, nematodes, annelids and molluscs. At least 8 insect orders and 31 families include species that burrow in floodplain sediments and yet none of their lebensspuren are unique to this environment. Taxonomically dissimilar insects produce morphologically similar lebensspuren, and the same species, or individual, may produce very dissimilar lebensspuren. Thus, identification of tracemakers for rocks of floodplain origin is as difficult as for marine rocks. Trace …

Photoelectric Properties And Detection Of The Aromatic Carcinogens Benzo[A]Pyrene And Dimethylbenzanthracene, William A. Houle, Hugh M. Brown, O. Hayes Griffith

Department of Biochemistry: Faculty Publications

The absolute photoelectron quantum yield spectra for benzo[ajpyrene and dimethylbenzanthracene are presented in the wavelength range 180-230 nm. These polycyclic aromatic carcinogens have photoelectron quantum yields of approximately 2 X 10^-3 electrons per incident photon at 180 nm. The quantum yields fall off quickly and monotonically at wavelengths longer than 210 nm (5.9 eV). Threshold values for benzo[a]pyrene and dimethylbenzanthracene are 5.25 ± 0.06 eV and 5.27 ± 0.04 eV, respectively. The photoelectron quantum yields of benzo[a]pyrene and dimethylben-zanthracene are several orders of magnitude greater than typical components of biological membranes (amino acids, phospholipids, and polysaccharides). Preliminary micrographs of …

Electromagnetic Repellers—Fact Or Fiction?, William D. Fitzwater

Vertebrate Pest Conference Proceedings: 8th (1978)

The effectiveness of devices that supposedly repel a large number of invertebrate and vertebrate animals by emitting oscillating electromagnetic impulses is investigated. While scientific support that electromagnetic forces affect biological systems exists, these data are based on animals confined under higher intensity fields than are seemingly produced by commercial units. A number of instances of field use of the devices is discussed. These indicate little objective support for the units.

Lake Nicaragua Fishery Resources, William D. Davies

Investigations of the Ichthyofauna of Nicaraguan Lakes

Data collected during this survey indicated that the number of full-time fishermen has not increased appreciably over the past several years. However, it is likely that, if the demand for fish were to increase, a number of the present part-time fishermen would increase their effort to full-time. Indications are strong that the fish catch from this lake could at least be doubled by the existing population of fishermen, using the same gear, if market conditions were such as to encourage greater fishing effort.
The lake's overall fisheries resources are far from being exploited to their maximum, with the possible exception …

A Review Of Coyote Control Research, Donald S. Balser

Vertebrate Pest Conference Proceedings: 6th (1974)

Research on coyote control has lagged behind operational control for several decades. With the current controversy over toxicants and control of coyotes, attention has suddenly been given to the research needs of the problem. In the past research on annual damage problems, particularly predators, was concentrated on coming up with new lethal methods. The picture has changed with a definite need to study the entire problem, including the measurement of losses, the ecology of predators and prey, their behavior, and means of solving loss problems by non-lethal methods or mechanical protection. In any lethal control research, selectivity must be emphasized. …

A Review Of Rodent Control Programs In New York State, Joe E. Brooks

Vertebrate Pest Conference Proceedings: 6th (1974)

The history of rodent control programs in New York State is reviewed, beginning with state-funded efforts in August, 1967. In 1969, Federal rodent control grant funds were used to establish four Model Cities programs. At its peak in 1970, programs were active in 18 counties, eight cities and villages, and in six Model Cities areas. The program encompasses all the major metropolitan areas of the state, serving some nine million persons.

As part of the state program, the Rodent Control Evaluation Laboratory was established to investigate chemosterilants as a means of rodent control and to develop knowledge of pest rodent …

Bibliography Of Research Publications Of The U.S. Bureau Of Sport Fisheries And Wildlife, 1928-72, Paul H. Eschmeyer, Van T. Harris

United States Fish and Wildlife Service: Publications

This bibliography comprises publications in fishery and wildlife research authored or coauthored by research scientists of the Bureau of Sport Fisheries and Wildlife and certain predecessor agencies. Separate lists, arranged alphabetically by author, are given for each of 17 fishery research and 6 wildlife research laboratories, stations, investigations, or centers. Publications coauthored by Bureau scientists from different research units are credited to the facility at which the senior author was stationed at the time of publication.

Although the Federal Government has supported research on fish and wildlife since the late 1800's, the relatively few works published in the early years …

The Effects Of Fenthion On A Nesting Population Of Quelea During Experimental Control By Aerial Spraying, Jeffrey J. Jackson, Peter O. Park

Bird Control Seminars Proceedings

Quelea quelea is probably the most important avian pest of cereal crops in the sahelian areas of Africa. Its depredations reduce the cereal production of many African nations that lie within its range. To prevent this damage, bird control organizations carry out campaigns to reduce their numbers. Frequently these efforts have given poor crop protection for the cost of control because of inadequate control technology. Factors contributing to the difficulty of carrying out this kind of control are the migrations of the birds which are still incompletely understood, the inaccessability of many nesting areas, the relatively high reproductive potential of …

Lice Of Public Health Importance And Their Control, Harry D. Pratt, Kent S. Littig

Harold W. Manter Laboratory of Parasitology: Library Materials

Lice have been intimately associated with man for centuries. Infestations with lice occur today in the United States and many other countries despite great efforts to maintain high standards of public health. Public health agencies are often called upon if infestations include or expose large groups of people, particularly those in public institutions such as schools, jails, hospitals, or homes for the aged.

The three sucking lice that infest humans are: the body louse (Pedlculus humanus humanus), the head louse (Pediculus humanus capitis), and the crab louse (Pthirus pubis). The body louse is the …

A Preliminary Bibliography And Lake Index Of The Inland Mineral Waters Of The World, D. B. Mccarraher

Nebraska Game and Parks Commission: Staff Research Publications

This preliminary- bibliography and lake index has been prepared by the author on the basis of information available in the Office of Limnology, Hastings College, Nebraska. Although all source material available there has been searched, it is recognized that many papers, especially those published in regional languages may have been left out. Readers are requested to point out such omissions and any inaccuracies that require correction.

This preliminary bibliography will be circulated among specialists in the subject for corrections to the citations and for suggested additions to the list. It is planned that the paper will then be revised to …

4-H Entomology Manual : Extension Circular 16-01-71, Robert E. Roselle

Nebraska 4-H Clubs: Historical Materials and Publications

This 4-H circular is the manual for the entomology club. It discusses the collection and examination of a variety of bugs.

The Biology And Ecology Of Trogoderma Glabrum (Herbst) In Stored Grains, Benjamin H. Kantack, Robert Staples

Nebraska Agricultural Experiment Station: Historical Research Bulletins

These investigations were undertaken to determine the distribution and importance of Trogoderma glabrum (Herbst) in stored grain in Nebraska, the ecological factors favoring population increase in stored wheat, corn, and sorghum, and the role T. glabrum might play in disseminating internally the Aspergillus molds commonly encountered in stored grain.

A Population Analysis Of Juniperus In The Missouri River Basin: Taxonomic Interrelationships Between Juniperus Scopulorum Sarg. And J. Virginiana L. In Missouri River Basin, David F. Van Haverbeke

University Studies (University of Nebraska) (1888–1984)

Juniper has been used since early pioneer days in the protective tree plantings established on the windswept Great Plains. More recently juniper has been used as a basic component of the shelter belt plantings which, by the thousands, dot the prairies of the Great Plains from Texas to Canada. Research to improve the quality of Plains tree planting materials, including Juniperus) is proposed or is now in progress.

In the fall of 1965, 72 native stands of Juniperus were sampled throughout the Missouri River Basin-an area encompassing most of the Central and Northern Great Plains. The purpose was to determine …

Migration Of The Army Cutworm, Chorizagrotis Auxiliaris (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae). I. Evidence For A Migration, Kenneth P. Pruess

Department of Entomology: Faculty Publications

Indirect evidence is presented to support the conclusion that the army cutworm, Chorizagrotis auxiliaris (Grote), migrates from the Great Plains to the Rocky Mountains during the spring and the same individuals return to the Plains in the fall. Spring activity occurs progressively later from east to west, the delay being greater than that caused by emergence but commensurate with flight potential of the moth. Flight is predominately from east to west and a constant turnover of moths occurs at all locations on the Plains. Seasonal occurrence in the mountains coincides with the period of inactivity on the Plains, during which …

Distribution Of Eggs And Leaf Mines Of Choristoneura Houstonana (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae) Attacking Eastern Red Cedar, Juniperus Virginiana, Elvis A. Heinrichs

Department of Entomology: Faculty Publications

Cedar at Larned, Kansas, appeared to be more severely damaged in the upper and southern portions of the trees. There was a significant difference, in numbers of eggs and leaf mines, between the upper and lower halves and between compass directions; the upper and southern portions of the trees being most highly infested.

Choristoneura houstonana (Grote) is a pest of eastern red cedar, Juniperus virginiana, grown as a home landscape ornamental in shelter belts and windbreaks in western Kansas. It has been present for many years but the first reliable record in Kansas was in 1964, when it was sent …

Birds And Airports, Erwin W. Pearson

Vertebrate Pest Conference Proceedings: 3rd (1967)

For all practical purposes, research in this country on the problem of bird hazards to aircraft began in 1960 with the crash of an Electra turboprop that carried 62 people to their deaths and was attributed to ingestion of starlings into the engines. In this paper I intend to review the problem and present some of the answers found by investigators in this country and, to lesser extent, abroad. The discussion will be roughly divided into two parts: 1) what: causes the problem, when, and where; and 2) what has been and is being done at airfields to reduce it. …

Ticks In Relation To Human Diseases Caused By Rickettsia Species, Harry Hoogstraal

United States Navy: Publications

Rickettsiae (185) are obligate intracellular parasites that multiply by binary fission in the cells of both vertebrate and invertebrate hosts. They are pleomorphic coccobacillary bodies with complex cell walls containing muramic acid, and internal structures composed of ribonucleic and deoxyri­ bonucleic acids. Rickettsiae show independent metabolic activity with amino acids and intermediate carbohydrates as substrates, and are very susceptible to tetracyclines as well as to other antibiotics. They may be considered as fastidious bacteria whose major unique character is their obligate intracellu­ lar life, although there is at least one exception to this. In appearance, they range from coccoid forms …

Ecological Control Of Bird Hazard To Aircraft, V. E. F. Solman

Bird Control Seminars Proceedings

The Canadian Wildlife Service has had twenty-five years experience with the problem caused by bird contacts with aircraft. I experienced my first bird strike, while flying as an observer on a waterfowl survey in August, 1940. Officers of the Service investigated bird problems at airports at Yarmouth, Nova Scotia, and Cartierville, Quebec, in the late 1940's. Those incidents involving gulls and low speed piston-engined aircraft caused minor damage to the aircraft but considerable disturbance to the operators. As aircraft speeds increased and airports became more numerous and busier the problem increased in extent and complexity. By 1960 it was apparent …

Studies On The Helminth Fauna Of Alaska. Xliv. Revision Of Ogmogaster Jägerskiöld, 1891, With A Description Of O. Pentalineatus Sp. N. (Trematoda: Notocotylidae), Robert L. Rausch, Francis H. Fay

Harold W. Manter Laboratory of Parasitology: Faculty Publications

Discrepant conclusions in the literature concerning the specific distinction of the two spe- cies assigned to the genus Ogmogaster Jägerskiöld, 1891, necessitated a reevaluation of the taxonomic characters used in separating these trematodes. Study of material from baleen whales from North Pacific waters and from baleen whales and lobodont pinnipeds from the southern hemisphere disclosed the existence of two species which can be distinguished by consistent differences in numbers of ventral ridges, ratio of length of cirrus sac to length of body, and by other morphological characters. Since the original description of O. plicatus (Creplin, 1829) does not permit certain …

Statistics In The Design And Analysis Of Physiology Experiments, L. Dale Van Vleck, C. R. Henderson

Department of Animal Science: Faculty Publications

Statistics should be considered as a tool by the animal experimenter in much the same way that a chemical analysis or a radiation counter is used as a tool. Too often statistics is considered as something magical which can restore order out of chaos and perhaps absolve the experimenter from mistakes in logic and procedure. It is true of course that the statistician through his knowledge of statistical procedures can sometimes help salvage some results from an otherwise hopelessly muddled experiment. One point must be made clear at the outset—the statistician is not a tool of the experimenter although statistics …

Life Cycle And Development Of Prosthorhynchus Formosus (Van Cleave, 1918) Travassos, 1926, An Acanthocephalan Parasite Of Birds, Gerald D. Schmidt, O. Wilford Olsen

Harold W. Manter Laboratory of Parasitology: Faculty Publications

The life cycle of Prosthorhynchus formosus (Van Cleave, 1918) Travassos, 1926 is presented. The terrestrial isopods Armadillidium vulgare, Porcellio laevis, and P. scaber served as experimental intermediate hosts, and chickens and turkeys as experimental definitive hosts. After ingestion of the eggs by the isopod, the acanthor emerges from its shells within 15 minutes to 2 hours, enters the gut wall of its host, and remains there 15 to 25 days. It then migrates to the hemocoel and develops through the acanthella stage to the infective cystacanth by the 60th to 65th day of infection.