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The Relationship Of Bird Habitats To Disease Producing Fungi, Robert Weeks

Bird Control Seminars Proceedings

Two fungi, Cryptococcous neoformans and Histoplasma capsulatum, which are pathogenic to some animals and humans, are found in association with the habitats of birds. This association will be discussed by a review of Cryptococcosis and C. neoformans in association with pigeons and their habitats, reviewing histoplasmosis and relating the experience of the Soil Ecology Unit Mycoses Section in Kansas City with H. capsulatum associated with blackbird and starling roosts during the past nine months of this year.

A Municipal Bird Control Project, James Steckel

Bird Control Seminars Proceedings

The subject I was asked to talk about this morning is Municipal Bird Control. Our organization was asked approximately a year ago by a rather high level income urban municipality lying adjacent to Columbus, Ohio, a bedroom community so to speak, to come into their area to do a commercial bird control project. The problem species was pigeons. The community was having a blight. Real estate sales in the town had dropped off as a result of the pigeon problem. The taxpayers were getting together and had been harassing the council for about six months to do something about the …

Sonic Systems For Controlling Bird Depredations, William D. Fitzwater

Bird Control Seminars Proceedings

The sounds used in controlling bird depredations can be classified into three types:

(1) AUDIBLE DISTURBING NOISES: From clapping of hands by primitive peoples to the modern exploding shotgun shells, loud noises have long been used to frighten birds from man's crops. They are still a valuable supplement to other methods or when needed for short, discontinuous periods.

(2) ULTRASONICS: Sounds over 20,000 cps are apparently beyond the limit of birds as well as humans. There is no effective use of ultrasonics in bird control as yet.

(3) BIOSONICS: While song is a more noticeable facet of bird communication, the …

Laboratory And Field Studies With An Avian Repellent For Sprouting Seeds, F. R. Frank, Edward W. Schafer Jr., Joseph L. Guarino

Bird Control Seminars Proceedings

Development of safe bird management techniques has become necessary for the economic survival of many parameters of agriculture. Competition between man and birds for resources has always occurred but has become increasingly complex as the human population increased. As man's demand for additional food and fiber has required more intensive cultivation of arable land, certain birds have caused in¬creasingly costly losses. Bird damage has become so severe in some areas that till¬age of certain crops is threatened.

In some situations, troublesome bird populations can be reduced to tolerable levels; however, the primary objective of bird management should be the alleviation …

Food Choice Behaviour, R. G. B. Brown

Bird Control Seminars Proceedings

Since 1965 the Canadian Wildlife Service has been concerned with the damage which birds cause in the orchards and vineyards of the Niagara fruit belt, in southern Ontario. My own contribution to this programme has been to collect information on the feeding be¬haviour and ecology of the birds concerned, and use this to test the effectiveness of various control systems. For the purposes of this seminar, I shall only deal with the damage which Robins do to sweet cherries. Here, I was particularly interested in whether it was possible to develop a "bird-proof cherry variety, which would settle the problem …

The Chemical Senses Of Birds, Morley R. Kare

Bird Control Seminars Proceedings

Birds are not concerned with the odors of their immediate environment. To a chicken, a starling or a cowbird, the odors of its environment are of little or no con-sequence. I am not saying that birds do not have the apparatus for olfaction, nor am I saying that no bird can smell. The kiwi of New Zealand is almost totally blind and does sniff. They do have "nostrils" on the tip of the bill. However, they are an unusual exception. If we place highly odoriferous material under one of two food choices and present them to domestic chickens or starlings, …

Problems In Developing New Chemicals For Bird Control, Edward W. Schafer Jr., Joseph L. Guarino

Bird Control Seminars Proceedings

In the last decade, we have all seen the increasing concern about environmental pollution and have become aware of the long-term hazards of chemicals to man and other animals. Recently this concern and awareness have intensified and have resulted in much more stringent regulations governing the application of chemicals for bird control as well as for other purposes. Although most regulations have come from the Department of Agriculture and the Food and Drug Administration, the Department of the Interior and Bureau of Sport Fisheries and Wildlife have also scrutinized and tightened their policies, and as information concerning chemical effects on …

Use Of Aircraft For Bird Control, Vernon A. Vick

Bird Control Seminars Proceedings

Things have changed considerably during the past several years in the aerial applicating business as in most other industries. For a long time farmers have been searching for a way to control blackbirds in their corn fields. As long as fifteen years ago a group of farmers in Sandusky County asked us to apply lime to their fields in the hope that this would frighten birds from their fields. In Belle Glade, Florida, several farmers pooled their resources and hired a small cub-type airplane to fly all day long over their sweet corn fields to frighten away black birds. This …

Bird Damage To Sunflowers, Dalton E. Gandy

Bird Control Seminars Proceedings

Most of you are wondering why the National Cottonseed Products Association, which is the trade organization that I am a staff agronomist for, and have been for twenty-five years, is looking at sunflowers. I hasten to remind you that we are in a changing time and that we must adjust to those changing times. We were a one crop system in the South raising cotton only. It was our trade association that began to look for new oil seed crops as another crop to process and another crop for our farmers to grow. We brought soybeans to the South. We …

Another Perspective On Bird Management, John M. Anderson

Bird Control Seminars Proceedings

At an earlier research seminar, Dr. John Seubert observed that available evi¬dence indicated the red-winged blackbird was going to be with us for some time, and perhaps we'd better learn to "live with it." Whereupon a representative of the com growers said if Dr. Seubert really believed that, he'd better look for a new job. I sincerely hope this attitude is not too widespread among corn producers and market¬ers; because if it is, we can expect a lot of pressure designed to force scientists to abandon their search for a safe method of reducing redwing damage. "Risk now, find out …

Registration Patterns For Avicides, James O. Lee

Bird Control Seminars Proceedings

Federal legislation relating to pesticide use in the United States dates back to 1910 with passage of the Federal Insecticide Act. This consumer protection from sub¬standard or fraudulent products was considered sufficient for the next 37 years.

In 1947, Congress passed the Federal Insecticide, Fungicide, and Rodenticide Act. The FIFRA superseded the earlier legislation and was designed as a regulatory measure. Under the Act any product considered an "economic poison" must be reg¬istered with the U.S. Department of Agriculture before it may be marketed in inter¬state commerce.

The FIFRA defines an economic poison as any substance or mixture of sub¬stances …

Bird Hazards To Aircraft, Victor E. F. Solmon

Bird Control Seminars Proceedings

When I spoke to the third Bird Control Seminar in 1966 on "Ecological Control of Bird Hazards to Aircraft", I reviewed what we had accomplished up to that time. I spoke about the extent of the problem, the bird species involved and the methods we used to make the airports less attractive to birds that created hazards to aircraft.

I wish to discuss today our accomplishments since 1966. I have presented a number of papers on the topic including one with Dr. W. W. H. Gunn, in 1967 at a meeting in the United Kingdom, and others in the United …

Registered Participants: Fifth Bird Control Seminar (1970)

Bird Control Seminars Proceedings

Names and addresses of 97 participants.

Ornamental Horticultural Employment Opportunities In Omaha, Nebraska, Robert P. Kirwin Jr.

Department of Agricultural Leadership, Education, and Communication: Dissertations, Theses, and Student Research

Purpose. The purpose of this study was to determine the ornamental horticultural employment opportunities in the metropolitan area of Omaha, Nebraska. The problem was defined in terms of the following objectives : (1) to identify employment opportunities by clusters of job titles or occupational areas; (2) to determine trends of occupational opportunities existing in the field of ornamental horticulture; and (3) to identify selected characteristics of employees in ornamental horticulture businesses: (a) level of education desired for future employees, and (b) ages of employees. Methods. The region of study, or universe, was designated as Omaha, Nebraska. For purposes of this …

Agricultural Experiment Station News September 1970

Agricultural Research Division: News and Annual Reports

CONTENTS:
FROM THE DIRECTORS OFFICE
EXPERIMENT STATION WORKERS' CONFERENCE
PERSONNEL ACTIONS
GRANTS AND CONTRACTS
GENERAL NOTES
AGRICULTURAL EXPERIMENT STATION PUBLICATIONS – September 1970

Whole Issue Nebraska Bird Review (Sept 1970) 38(3)

Nebraska Bird Review

CONTENTS

Introduction ............................................................... 43

Description of Gage County ................................................................ 43

Check-list of Gage County Birds-Introduction ............................ 44

Definitions of Terms ................................................................................ 45

Loons; Grebes ............................................................................................ 45

Pelicans; Cormorants; Herons, Egrets, and Bitterns; Geese ........................................................................ 46

Ducks .............................................................. 47

Mergansers; Vultures; Kites and Hawks ............................................ 48

Eagles and Harriers; Osprey; Falcons ................................................ 49

Grouse; Quail and Pheasants; Turkeys; Cranes; Rails, Gallinules and Coots; Plovers and Killdeer; Woodcock ........................................................ 50

Snipe, Curlews, Sandpipers, and Godwits ........................................ 51

Avocets; Phalaropes; Gulls and Terns; Doves; Cuckoos; Barn Owl ............................................................................................ 52

Typical Owls; Poor-will and Nighthawks; Swifts; Hummingbirds; Kingfishers .......................................................... 53

Woodpeckers; Kingbirds and Flycatchers …

Selection On Test-Day Fat Percentage And Milk Production, J. F. Keown, L. Dale Van Vleck

Department of Animal Science: Faculty Publications

Selection procedures which weight equally each test day sample may not be optimum for selection on test days.

Monthly test day data from 63,300 records of artificially sired Holsteins with 305-day lactations were from the New York Dairy Records Processing Laboratory. Heritabilities (h 2) were estimated intraherd-year- season from sire components of variance for monthly test day production within lactations 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5 or greater. Heritability of lactation fat percentage decreased from .60 to .40 from first to fifth lactations whereas heritability for 305-day milk yield increased slightly from .25 to .37 with succeeding lactations. Heritabilities for …

Agricultural Experiment Station News August 1970

Agricultural Research Division: News and Annual Reports

CONTENTS:
FROM THE DIRECTOR'S OFFICE
PERSONNEL ACTIONS
GRANTS AND CONTRACTS
GENERAL NOTES
AGRICULTURAL EXPERIMENT STATION PUBLICATIONS - AUGUST 1970

A Study Of The Architectural Space Necessary To Perform The Theatre Of Antonin Artaud, Larry L. Peterson

Masters in Architecture Program: Theses

Preface excerpt

The theatre of Artaud was being attempted by a few companies, notably, the Royal Shakespeare Company with Peter Brook doing "Marat/Sade;" and the Living Theatre with Judith and Julian Beck performing "The Brig."

I found the style of both performances exciting, and as a student of architectural design, I found great challenge in attempting a theatre space study which would allow the environmental qualities of the space itself to become another tool of the mise en scene.

My point of view, which developed during this study, was that the theatre should demand the entire company's complete involvement …

Taxonomy Of The Neotoma Albigula-Group Of Woodrats In Central Mexico, E. Raymond Hall, Hugh H. Genoways

University of Nebraska State Museum: Mammalogy Papers

Study of specimens collected from critical localities since 1944 reveals that: Neotoma montezumae and N. leucodon zacatecae are indistinguishable from earlier named taxa; N. latifrons is a subspecies of an earlier named taxon; and N. palatina, previously known from only one specimen and thought by some mammalogists to be merely an aberrant individual of Neotoma albigula, is a species distinct from N. albigula as Goldman tentatively decided when he named it 64 years ago. In the narial passage, the partition formed by the vomer that extends well behind the hard palate as a sword-like projection is present in …

Harvest Mice (Genus Reithrodontomys) Of Nicaragua, J. Knox Jones Jr., Hugh H. Genoways

University of Nebraska State Museum: Mammalogy Papers

Harvest mice of the genus Reithrodontomys first were reported from Nicaragua by Oldfield Thomas (1907), who originally described Reithrodontomys sumichrasti modestus based on a single specimen from Jinotega. J. A. Allen (1908, 1910) recorded additional specimens of R. s. modestus, which still was the only species known from the country when A. H. Howell (1914) revised the genus Reithrodontomys. In his thorough review of Latin American harvest mice, Hooper (1952) added a second species, Reithrodontomys mexicanus lucifrons, to the Nicaraguan fauna, and Englert (1959) and Anderson and Jones (1960) recorded three additional kinds. The present report treats …

Agricultural Experiment Station News July 1970

Agricultural Research Division: News and Annual Reports

CONTENTS:
FROM THE DIRECTOR'S DESK
DEPARTMENTAL HOUSEKEEPING AND EQUIPMENT REVIEW
PERSONNEL ACTIONS
GRANTS AND CONTRACTS
GENERAL NOTES
NEBRASKA AGRICULTURAL EXPERIMENT STATION PUBLICATIONS – JULY 1970

Bibliography Of Diseases And Parasites Of Marine Fish And Shellfish (With Emphasis On Commercially Important Species), Carl J. Sindermann

Harold W. Manter Laboratory of Parasitology: Faculty Publications

The literature on diseases and parasites of marine animals has been accumulating at an accelerating rate in recent decades, and at a seemingly geometrical rate in the past few years. Reviews of selected aspects of the subject have appeared (Cheng, 1967; Sindermann, 1966; Sindermann and Rosenfield, 1967). References listed in these papers include a significant, but still a small part, of the available literature. With the proliferation of journals in many languages throughout the world, a complete bibliography, even in a narrow area of research, is almost an impossibility. Then too, the daily appearance of new published information represents an …

Misidentification And Sire Evaluation, L. Dale Van Vleck

Department of Animal Science: Faculty Publications

Biases in evaluation of sires result from misidentified records in the sire group averages used for sire evaluation. The bias increases as the fraction of misidentified cows increases. Use of variance components estimated from misidentified records also contributes to the bias. Estimates of the correlation between estimated and true genetic value, as well as estimates of genetic progress due to selection, are biased when misidentified records are included in sire group averages.

Agricultural Experiment Station News June 1970

Agricultural Research Division: News and Annual Reports

CONTENTS:
FROM THE DIRECTOR'S DESK
COLLEGE OF HOME ECONOMICS
NEBRASKA AGRICULTURAL EXPERIMENT STATION PUBLICATIONS – June 1970
STATION AND RESEARCH BULLETINS PRINTED

Whole Issue Nebraska Bird Review (June 1970) 38(2)

Nebraska Bird Review

TABLE OF CONTENTS

Dragonfly Migrations Observed in Nebraska in 1969 ..................22

Sandhill Cranes ..................23

The Sixty-ninth Annual Meeting ..................26

1969 (Twelfth) Fall Occurrence Report ..................27

Notes ..................40

Water Resources News, Volume 2, No. 6, June-July 1970

Water Current Newsletter

OWRR Title II Proposals Invited
Studies of Brine Water Disposal
Sediment Pollution from Road Building to be Controlled
Graduate Studies in Water Resources
University of Nebraska Water Resources Planning and Management Program Approved
Research Needed on Oil Pollution Source Identification
Third Outdoor Recreation Research Catalog Announced
Cost Study Shows Need for Increased Municipal Spending for Water Pollution Control
National Conference on Environmental Pollution
Canadian Water Sales May Become Reality
$344,000 Contract Awarded Gillette Research by FWQA to Develop Phosphate-Free Detergents
Meeting "Challenge of the Environment" is Corps of Engineers' Greatest Challenge
Sand Hills is Test Ground This Summer
NWRRI Annual …

Record In Rock: A Handbook Of The Invertebrate Fossils Of Nebraska, Roger K. Pabian

Conservation and Survey Division: Faculty and Staff Publications

Table of Contents:

Introduction
What Are Fossils? How Do They Form?
Fossilization
How Are Fossiliferous Rocks Formed?
What is Paleontology?
What Can Fossils Tell Us?
Fossils and Geologic Time
Fossils as Environmental Indicators
Fossils and Conservation
How Are Fossils Named?
Where Are Fossils Found?
Collecting Courtesy
Tools for Collecting Fossils
Tips on Collecting Fossils
Safety Rules
Quarry Safety
Safety Don'ts to Remember
Preparation of Specimens
A Bit of Advice
General Characteristics of Nebraska's Important Fossils
Phylum Protozoa (Single-Celled Animals)
The Living Protozoan
Fossil Protozoans from Nebraska
Phylum Porifera (Pore Bearers or Sponges)
The Living Sponge
Fossil Sponges from Nebraska
Phylum …

Agricultural Experiment Station News May 1970

Agricultural Research Division: News and Annual Reports

CONTENTS:
FROM THE DIRECTOR'S DESK
MULTIDISCIPLINE RESEARCH
PERSONNEL ACTIONS
GRANTS AND CONTRACTS
GENERAL NOTES
NEBRASKA AGRICULTURAL EXPERIMENT STATION PUBLICATIONS – May 1970
BULLETINS PRINTED

Thermal Requirements To Protect Aquatic Life, Clarence M. Tarzwell

United States Environmental Protection Agency: Publications

Water temperatures affect aquatic organisms in a number of ways, both directly and indirectly. Some of the latter effects are quite subtle. High temperatures can have direct lethal effects but sublethal levels operating over long periods can be just as harmful through delayed lethal effects and the production of nonlethal stresses which eventually result in changes in the population, reduced growth or reproduction, and the lowering of resistance to parasites, dis ease, and competitors. Temperature, in combination with certain other factors such as day length, influences re producing processes. High water temperatures may stimulate or retard migration, spawning, feeding, and …