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In Vitro Testosterone Secretion By Testicular Tissue From Young Bulls And The Effects Of Chronic And Acute Exposure To Estradiol- 17Β, M. J. D'Occhio, B. D. Schanbacher, J. E. Kinder

United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service / University of Nebraska-Lincoln: Faculty Publications

The possibility that estradiol-17/3 may directly influence testicular steroidogenesis in bulls was investigated in vitro. Testicular tissues were incubated for 4 h and regression coefficients (b, ng·ml^-1·h^-1) based on the increase in testosterone in the medium were used to describe testosterone secretion rates. In the first experiment, testicular tissues from control bulls and bulls chronically implanted with estradiol were incubated in the absence (basal conditions) or presence of 10 mlU/ml human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG). Under basal conditions, testosterone secretion rates were similar for tissues from control (b = 24.1 ± 6.0) and implanted (b = 34.7 …

The Root And Branch Of Roe V. Wade, John T. Noonan Jr.

Nebraska Law Review

By root I mean the jurisprudential source, by branch I mean the ultimate outcropping of the famous abortion rights case, Roe v. Wade. Commentary on human rights and cases that preceded and followed Roe v. Wade.

Selected References On Walking, Crossing Streets, And Choosing Pedestrian Routes, Michael R. Hill

Department of Sociology: Faculty Publications

Studies on the behavior and experiences of pedestrians have continued unabated since the first major bibliography on the subject, was compiled by Dietrich Garbrecht (1971a). Numerous additions were noted in a supplement by this author (Hill, 1976a). The present bibliography summarizes and updates these earlier works. Further, it includes several related references from the environmental design research literature which significantly illuminate the general problem of understanding the pedestrian environment. References on route choice by automobile drivers have specifically been included to encourage comparisons between vehicular and pedestrian transportation modes.

This bibliography is presented without annotations. However, those seeking a summary …

A Guide To Time Of Death In Selected Wildlife Species, D.W. Oates, J.L. Coggin, F.E. Hartman, G.I. Hoilien

Nebraska Game and Parks Commission: Staff Research Publications

The objectives of this study were to monitor postmortem changes in the eyes of selected species, as well as other physical changes. In order to obtain a more suitable manuscript, people from other states were contacted . Their data, along with some published data, was included in this manuscript . We were, therefore, able to cover post-mortem changes in several species. For deer, data was collected on temperature, electrical stimulus, rigor mortis, pupil diameter, pictorial changes, and chemical changes in the potassium and glucose levels within the eye . Waterfowl data included temperatures, rigor mortis, physical changes in the eye, …

Tertiary Stratigraphy And The Frick Collection Of Fossil Vertebrates From North-Central Nebraska, Morris F. Skinner, F. Walker Johnson

University of Nebraska State Museum: Mammalogy Papers

Late Tertiary Valentine and Ash Hollow formations of the Ogallala Group in north-central Nebraska contain two previously unnamed fossiliferous ash-bearing members. These, with four published members, provide a stratigraphic framework for large collections of fossils in the Frick Collection in AMNH and other institutions.

The Cornell Dam Member (New) in the basal Valentine Formation has salient lithic features and geologic relationships not found in other members of the Valentine. Basal channel sand disconformably overlying the Rosebud Formation contains macro- and microvertebrate fossils (Norden Fauna, New) that also show the ecological and faunal distinction of this member. Fission track dates suggest …

Enteric Redmouth Disease Of Salmonids, G. L. Bullock

United States Fish and Wildlife Service: Publications

Enteric redmouth disease (ERM) is a systemic bacterial infection of fishes, but is principally known for its occurrence in rainbow trout, Salmo gairdneri. The disease was first reported in the 1950's by Rucker (1966), and in recognition of that fact, the causal organism was named Yersinia ruckeri by Ewing et al. (1978). Although Wagner and Perkins (1952) described a bacterial disease that produced a red-mouth condition in rainbow trout in California and Colorado, it was caused by a different bacterium; they isolated Pseudomonas hydrophila rather than Y. ruckeri.

Seedcorn Maggot (Diptera: Anthomyiidae) Reproductive Biology And Techniques For Examining Ovarian Dynamics, L. G. Higley, L. P. Pedigo

Department of Entomology: Faculty Publications

We developed techniques for examining ovarian dynamics of the seedcorn maggot, Delia platura (Meigen), and delineated detailed procedures for ovarian dissections and classifications.A three-class ovarian rating system was devised and physiological ages for each class were determined. The preovipositional period was 36 degree-days (DD) in the field and 100 DD in the laboratory. No ovarian development was observed unlessfemales had been given a protein food source. All females with ovarian development had mated.

Walking, Crossing Streets And Choosing Pedestrian Routes: A Survey Of Recent Insights From The Social/Behavioral Sciences, Michael R. Hill

Department of Sociology: Faculty Publications

Walking at first appears to be a relatively simple, mundane behavior that should pose no great puzzle for the diligent researcher in the social and behavioral sciences. The review presented here of recent studies, however, demonstrates that the behavior and experiences of ordinary pedestrians are filled with opportunities for empirical investigation and intricate theory building. But, why bring these studies together for synthesis in this volume? I suggest here that there are, in fact, several reasons that argue in favor of a timely focus on the apparently simple behavior of the pedestrian.

First, the deceptive simplicity of the pedestrian experience …

Effects Of Castration And Electrical Stimulation On Beef Carcass Quality And Palatability Characteristics, S. Kalstrup, H. R. Cross, B. D. Schanbacher, R. W. Mandigo

United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service / University of Nebraska-Lincoln: Faculty Publications

Thirty bull and 30 heifer Hereford x Simmental calves were weaned at approximately 5 mo of age and assigned randomly to one of the following treatments: intact, conventionally castrated or luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone-immunized (LHRH). All animals were slaughtered at 16 mo of age and the right side of each carcass was electrically stimulated (ES) or restimulated (RES). Yield and quality grades were determined on both right and left sides after 24 h chilling. Longissimus muscles (LD) were obtained at 7 d postmortem for objective color measurements, chemical analysis, shear force and trained sensory panel evaluation. Semitendinosus muscles (ST) were also …

Relationships Between Vegetation, Soils, And Pocket Gophers In The Nebraska Sand Hills, Kathie J. Kajar Hirsch, James L. Stubbendieck, Ronald M. Case

Transactions of the Nebraska Academy of Sciences and Affiliated Societies

A study was conducted at three locations in the Nebraska Sand Hills to determine if selected soil factors attracted or limited the local distribution of plains pocket gophers (Geomys bursarius). The study was also designed to determine the extent of range recovery for the first 3 yr following control of plains pocket gophers. Soil samples were collected from gopher-disturbed and undisturbed areas. Analyses showed that differences in organic matter content, pH, nitrate-nitrogen, phosphorus, and particle size were not great enough to influence distribution of pocket gophers within the research areas. Changes in vegetation were analyzed for 3 yr …

Fossil Proboscidians And Myths Of Giant Men, James L. Hayward

Transactions of the Nebraska Academy of Sciences and Affiliated Societies

The early history of paleontology is replete with examples of misidentifications of fossils. Teeth and bones of mastodons and mammoths were especially apt to be identified as the remains of antediluvian giants. These fallacies were entertained not only by the uninformed, but also by the intellectual elite. Even today misidentified fossils are sometimes used as "evidence" for the former existence of giants.

The Historical And Archaeological Significance Of Medieval Bench End Carvings In Some Parish Churches In Suffolk, England, Anne J. Krush

Transactions of the Nebraska Academy of Sciences and Affiliated Societies

In a region of East Anglia in southeastern England, there are approximately thirty-two Church of England stone churches that were built in the fourteenth and fifteenth centuries, unique because of their bench end carvings. Because literacy was low in many rural areas of the country in those days, other means besides literature were needed to instruct the "common man" in religious matters. Wood, especially oak, was in abundance and was used to construct and embellish the interior walls, pews, and roofs of the churches. Carving the wood was an art as well as an occupation for certain men, known as …

Herpetofaunas Of The Big Springs And Hornet's Nest Quarries (Northeastern Nebraska, Pleistocene: Late Blancan), Karel Rogers

Transactions of the Nebraska Academy of Sciences and Affiliated Societies

Two herpetofaunas of Late Blancan age from northeastern Nebraska were studied, Big Springs Quarry (AP 103) and Hornet's Nest Quarry (KX 127). Big Springs Quarry contains six amphibian species, three of which are extinct, and 25 reptilian species, two of which are extinct. Hornet's Nest Quarry contains seven species of amphibians, two of which are extinct, and 11 reptilian species, none of them extinct. The faunal assemblage is one that would be characteristic of southern Kansas today. The paleoecological interpretation of the two sites indicates that Hornet's Nest Quarry represents a moister and more wooded environment than Big Springs Quarry. …

Effects Of Weather On Habitat Selection And Behavior Of Mallards Wintering In Nebraska, Dennis Jorde, Gary Krapu, Richard Crawford, Miriam Hay

United States Geological Survey, Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center: Publications

Sex and age ratios, habitat selection, spatial characteristics, and time budgets of Mallards (Anas platyrhynchos) wintering on the Platte River in south central Nebraska were studied from mid-December to early April 197% 1980. The proportion of females and subadults in the population increased substantially from a cold to a mild winter. Radio-tagged Mallards shifted from riverine to canal roost sites during the coldest periods of the winter, seemingly because of more favorable microclimatic conditions there. Subadults ranged over larger areas during winter than did adults. Activity patterns varied with weather conditions, time of day, and habitat type. During …

Mutations, The Abberant Ratio Phenomenon, And Virus Infection Of Maize, Myron K. Brakke

Department of Plant Pathology: Faculty Publications

Viruses interact genetically in various ways with bacterial and animal hosts, e.g. by lysogeny in bacteriophage and by incorporating a DNA copy of retrovirus RNA into the host genome. These phenomena lead to mutations, to the transfer of host genes by viruses, and to latent viruses being transmitted from generation to generation essentially as host genes. In contrast, there are no known examples of the incorporation of viral genomes into plant DNA.

Spontaneous Deletion Mutation Of Soil-Borne Wheat Mosaic Virus Rna Ii, Yukio Shirako, Myron K. Brakke

Department of Plant Pathology: Faculty Publications

The wild-type (WT) isolate of soil-borne wheat mosaic virus has two species of rodshaped virions 281 nm and 138 nm in length, which are designated as virions 1∙0L and 0∙5L, respectively. We reported previously that virions shorter than 0∙5L arose in assay plants inoculated with separated and recombined 1∙0L RNA and 0∙5L RNA and suggested that these short virions were caused by deletion mutation of 0∙5L RNA. We now report that these short virions arose after a period of several months in wheat plants that had been inoculated manually with unpurified WT isolate, and also when plants infected naturally in …

Fuel Ethanol From Raw Corn, Curtis Weller, M. P. Steinberg, E. D. Rodda

Department of Agricultural and Biological Systems Engineering: Faculty Publications

Crude amylase preparations were produced by growing Aspergillus awamori and A. niger on raw, ground, whole corn. These Koji preparations were used to hydrolyze the starch of raw, ground whole corn to sugars during simultaneous fermentation of the sugars to ethanol by distillers active dry yeast. Ethanol concentrations of the fermentation beers were determined with gas-chromatography. These fermentations yielded an average of 89.6% theoretical ethanol compared to control, conventional, fermentations that had an average of 89.9%. Carbon dioxide evolutions were determined with use of Alwood valves. The initial fermentation rate was greater for the conventional fermentation than the Koji fermentation. …

The Role Of Recognition In Plant Disease, J. M. Daly

Department of Biochemistry: Faculty Publications

As noted by Sequeira (110,111), the term recognition has become very popular in the literature of host-pathogen interactions over the last ten years. Despite recent facile usage, its meaning is not always clear to me. Recognition is defined by Clarke & Knox (16) as the "initial event in cell-cell communication that elicits a defined biochemical, physiological, or morphological response." This requires the not-so-easy task of defining "initial event" and "communica­ tion" with precise chemical or physical mechanisms. For pathologists, Se­ queira (110) has provided a more restricted meaning: "An early specific event that triggers a rapid, overt response by the …

Alcataenia Campylacantha (Krabbe, 1869) From Pigeon Guillemots, Cepphus Columba Pallas, And Black Guillemots, Cepphus Grylle (Linnaeus), And Alcataenia Sp. Indet. (Cestoda: Dilepididae) From Kittlitz's Murrelets, Brachyramphus Brevirostris (Vigors) In Alaska, Eric P. Hoberg

Harold W. Manter Laboratory of Parasitology: Faculty Publications

Alcataenia campylacantha (Krabbe, 1869) is redescribed and reported for the first time from pigeon guillemots, Cepphus columba Pallas, in Alaska. Specimens of this cestode were also found in black guillemots, Cepphus grylle (Linnaeus) at Point Barrow, Alaska. There were no substantial differences in morphological characters between populations of this cestode from the North Atlantic and North Pacific basins. Additionally, Alcataenia sp. indet. is reported, with a partial description, from Kittlitz's murrelets, Brachyramphus brevirostris (Vigors), in Alaska. This constitutes the first record of dilepidid cestodes from birds of the genus Brachyramphus Brandt.

French abstract:

On trouvera ici une nouvelle description d’ …

Alcataenia Longicervica Sp. N. From Murres, Uria Lomvia (Linnaeus) And Uria Aalge (Pontoppidan) In The North Pacific Basin, With Redescriptions Of Alcataenia Armillaris (Rudolphi, 1810) And Alcataenia Meinertzhageni (Baer, 1956) (Cestoda: Dilepididae), Eric P. Hoberg

Harold W. Manter Laboratory of Parasitology: Faculty Publications

Alcataenia longicervica sp. n. (Cestoda: Dilepididae) is described from murres, Uria spp., in Alaska and other localities in the Pacific basin. From Alcataenia armillaris (Rudolphi, 1810), which it most closely resembles, A. longicervica is distinguished by larger size of organs (cirrus sac, vitelline gland, and seminal receptacle), greater number of testes, and extremely long neck. In specimens of A. longicervica there are 22-27 rostellar hooks distributed in two rows. Hooks in the anterior row measure 41-49 μm in length while those in the posterior are 38-48 μm. Two species of Alcataenia, A. armillaris and A. meinertzhageni (Baer, 1956), both …

Trematode Parasites Of Marine Birds In Antarctica: The Distribution Of Gymnophallus Deliciosus (Olsson 1893), Eric P. Hoberg

Harold W. Manter Laboratory of Parasitology: Faculty Publications

During continuing studies of avian helminths at Palmer Station, Antarctica (Hoberg 1983) trematodes were found as parasites only of charadriiform birds. Digeneans were not represented in extensive collections (including several thousand specimens of helminths) from spheniscids, procellariids, and phalacrocoracids.

The pattern of distribution of trematodes in marine birds in Antarctica is influenced by the availability of suitable intermediate hosts (mollusca) and the foraging behavior of potential final hosts. Littoral environments near Palmer are structurally simple and of low diversity due to ice scouring. The limpet, Nacella polaris, is the dominant intertidal invertebrate and one of the few molluscs that …

Phylogeny And Paleobiogeography Of Short-Tailed Shrews (Genus Blarina), Cheri A. Jones, Jerry R. Choate, Hugh H. Genoways

University of Nebraska State Museum: Mammalogy Papers

Dental measurements of Pleistocene and Holocene shrews of the genus Blarina were analyzed in a multivariate assessment of phylogeny and paleobiogeography of the genus. Blarina brevicauda, or an indistinguishable precursor, apparently was the ancestral form. Two semispecies, brevicauda and talpoides, are recognizable early in the fossil record; these two phena probably appeared as a result of increasing diversity'in the environment of the late Irvingtonian. Evidently, repeated fluctuations of climate and the subsequent changes in range have not been sufficient to cause the cessation of gene flow necessary to complete speciation.

A second species, B. carolinensis, appeared in …

Taxonomy Of North American Fish Eimeriidae, Steve J. Upton, David W. Reduker, William L. Current, Donald W. Duszynski

Harold W. Manter Laboratory of Parasitology: Faculty Publications

Taxonomic descriptions, line drawings, and references are given for the 30 named and 5 unnamed species of North American fish Eimeriidae. In addition, a key was developed based on available morphologic data to distinguish between similar species. Taxa are divided into two genera: Eimeria (27 species) which are tetrasporocystic with dizoic, nonbivalved sporocysts, and Goussia,/i> (3 species) which are tetrasporocystic with dizoic, bivalved sporocysts that lack Stieda bodies and have sporocyst walls composed of two longitudinal valves.