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Prediction Of Transmitting Ability Of Heifers From Genetic Evaluations Of Dams When Dams And Herdmates Are Required To Have A First Record, R. A. Westell, L. Dale Van Vleck

Department of Animal Science: Faculty Publications

Estimated transmitting ability for milk production calculated from only first lactation records was regressed on milk proofs of the sire and maternal grandsire and either estimated transmitting ability of the dam calculated from only first lactations or estimated transmitting ability of the dam calculated from all lactations of a data set in which all cows were required to have milk records of first lactation. Records of 222,576 Holstein heifers in the northeastern United States were analyzed. Partial regression coefficients were similar to those from reports in which all records in the data file were used to estimate transmitting abilities. The …

Successive Overrelaxation, Block Iteration, And Method Of Conjugate Gradients For Solving Equations For Multiple Trait Evaluation Of Sires, L. Dale Van Vleck, D. J. Dwyer

Department of Animal Science: Faculty Publications

A potential difficulty with mixed model equations for multiple trait evaluation of sires is solving the equations as the number of equations increases proportionally to the number of traits. Time required to obtain inverse solutions increases by the number cubed. Thus, iterative procedures often are used. Three iterative procedures, successive over-relaxation, block iteration with relaxation, and the method of conjugate gradients, were compared for four sets of multiple trait equations for sire evaluation. Equations were solved after absorption of equations for random herd-year-season effects. Equations for two and four traits each with test and complete data sets made up the …

Introduction To Species Of Special Concern In Pennsylvania, Chapter 6--Mammals, Hugh H. Genoways

University of Nebraska State Museum: Mammalogy Papers

First two paragraphs:

The mammals in Pennsylvania have long been under the management authority of the Pennsylvania Game Commission, but it was not until 1978 that an effort was made to deal with threatened and endangered mammals in the Commonwealth. At this time, Michael J. Puglisi was appointed as Coordinator for the Threatened and Endangered Species Program within the Game Commission. In late February 1979, Mr. Puglisi asked Hugh H. Genoways to chair an informal study group on endangered mammals in Pennsylvania. The immediate concern of this group was to be the development of a list of threatened and endangered …

The Diarrheal Response Of Humans To Some Classic Serotypes Of Enteropathogenic Escherichia Coli Is Dependent On A Plasmid Encoding An Enteroadhesiveness Factor, Myron M. Lavine, James P. Nataro, Helge Karch, Mary M. Baldini, James B. Kaper, Robert E. Black, Mary Lou Clements, Alison D. O'Brien

Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences

Isolates of the most common 0 serogroups of enteropathogenic Escherichia coli (EPEC) associated with infant diarrhea (designated class I) adhere to Hep-2 cells; the genes for this adhesin, termed EPEC adherence factor (EAF), are located on plasmids 50-70 MDa in size. Volunteers ingested 10¹⁰ organisms of an 0127:H6 Hep-2-adhesive class I strain (E2348/69) or its plasmid-minus, nonadhesive derivative. Diarrhea occurred in nine of 10 volunteers who ingested the parent strain (mean, 1,178 ml) but in only two of nine who took the plasmid-minus variant (mean, 433 ml; P < .006). All volunteers ill from strain E2348/69 mounted serum IgA and IgG responses to a 94-kDa plasmid-associated outer membrane protein of E2348/69; this protein was found in other class I EPEC but not in enterotoxigenic or meningitic strains. The 50-70-MDa EAF plasmid seems neces- sary for full expression of pathogenicity in EPEC that exhibit Hep-2 adhesiveness. EPEC isolates of certain other, less common, 0 serogroups (044, 086, and 0114) are rarely Hep-2 adhesive. These EPEC, designated class II, possess distinct 50-70 MDa plasmids lacking EAF genes. Diarrhea was caused by 10⁸ or 10¹⁰ organisms of an 0114:H2 class II EPEC …

Two Views Of Sex Differences In Socialization, Patricia Draper

Department of Anthropology: Faculty Publications

The literature on the socialization of human sex differences is likely to remind many students of the parable about the blind men who were grouped around an elephant, each trying to describe to the others what the elephant was like. Several traditions of research in the social sciences have been involved in the study of why the sexes are different. One that emphasizes deliberate sex role training of children owes most of its insights to learning theory and developmental psychology. It regards sex role socialization as the result of interplay between the environmental experience and the child's active learning and …

Beating A Dead Horse: Reply To Levy’S Comments, Alan J. Osborn

Department of Anthropology: Faculty Publications

The author reponds with a rebuttal to comments made by Jerrold E. Levy concerning his paper "Ecological Aspcets of Equestrian Adaptations in Aboriginal North America" which was published in American Anthropologist, volume 85, pages 562-591.

Uncoverings: The Research Papers Of The American Quilt Study Group, Volume 6 (1985), Sally Jeter Garoutte, Gloria Seaman Allen, Linda Boynton, Bettina Havig, Laurel Horton, Kathryn Schillmoeller, Jeannette Lasansky, Virginia Gunn, Rebecca Joseph, Erma Kirkpatrick

Uncoverings Journal

Foreword by Sally Jeter Garoutte

Bed Coverings: Kent County Maryland, 1710-1820 by Gloria Seaman Allen

Recent Changes in Amish Quilting by Linda Boynton

Missouri: Crossroads to Quilting by Bettina Havig

South Carolina Quilts and the Civil War by Laurel Horton

The Role of Quilts in Children's Literature by Kathryn Schilmoeller

The Role of the Haps in Central Pennsylvania's 19th and 20th Century Quiltmaking Traditions by Jeannette Lasansky

Quilts for Union Soldiers in the Civil War by Virginia Gunn

Tradition and Innovation in Kentucky Quilts and Yogyakarta Batik by Rebecca Joseph

Quilts, Quiltmaking and the Progressive Farmer, 1886-1935 by Erma Kirkpatrick …

Twenty-Four-Hour Profiles Of Prolactin And Testosterone In Ram Lambs Exposed To Skeleton Photoperiods Consisting Of Various Light Pulses, B. D. Schanbacher, W. Wu, J. A. Nienaber, G. L. Hahn

United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service / University of Nebraska-Lincoln: Faculty Publications

Individual groups of 6 ram lambs were housed within a controlled environment and exposed to one of 6 photoperiod schedules. Groups I and II received 8 (short day) or 16 (long day) h of continuous light, respectively; Groups III, IV and V were exposed to asymmetrical skeleton photoperiods consisting of a main light period of 7 h followed 9 h later by a light pulse of 1 h, 15 min or 1 min duration, respectively, and Group VI was exposed to a symmetrical skeleton photoperiod consisting of two 1-h light pulses positioned 16 h apart. After 4 weeks of treatment …

Reminiscences: My Forty-Year Romance With Malaria, G. Robert Coatney

Transactions of the Nebraska Academy of Sciences and Affiliated Societies

Looking back some 55 years since beginning my graduate studies, I have come to appreciate my good fortune: (1) to have inaugurated and carried out, over a period of some 35 years, a three-pronged research program (birds, simians, and man) against the world's most important infectious disease-malaria -and during two-thirds of that time, carrying worrisome administrative responsibilities; (2) to have participated in national and international efforts towards alleviation and control of that disease; (3) to have had a remarkable group of professional and subprofessional people who shared all kinds of problems; (4) to have received full support of my scientific …

Annotated Checklist Of The Amphibians And Reptiles Of Nebraska, John D. Lynch

Transactions of the Nebraska Academy of Sciences and Affiliated Societies

Thirteen species of amphibians and 47 species of reptiles presently are known from Nebraska, including one species of lizard here reported for the first time. Although Nebraska has no obvious geographic barriers within its borders, most species (50) have range limits within the state. Fourteen species have essentially statewide distributions and 12 others occur widely over eastern Nebraska. With the exceptions of the two species of leopard frogs (one found over the northern half of Nebraska and the other over the southern half) and eight species of reptiles whose distributions are strongly influenced by the Sand Hills, the remaining species …

A Pleistocene Jaguar From North-Central Nebraska, C. B. Schultz, Larry D. Martin, M. R. Schultz

Transactions of the Nebraska Academy of Sciences and Affiliated Societies

A nearly complete skull of an extinct jaguar, Panthera onca augusta from the Mullen Assemblage in Cherry County, Nebraska, provides new information concerning North American jaguars. The presence of Cervalces, Symbos, Tapirus, and Panthera onca in the Mullen Assemblage seems to indicate an extension of the Pleistocene spruce taiga into north-central Nebraska in the Early to Middle Illinoian.

Water Quality Of A Limited Segment Of The Big Blue River In Nebraska, Marvin C. Williams, Harold G. Nagel, Clayton E. True

Transactions of the Nebraska Academy of Sciences and Affiliated Societies

A water quality study was conducted on the Big Blue River in Nebraska, U.S.A., from the city of Seward to the Kansas state line. Fifty-one sites were sampled in a five-day period in August 1973; limited sampling was also done in May 1974. The primary purpose was to evaluate the effects of the effluent of eight sewage treatment plants, located along 196 km (122 miles) of the river upon water quality of the river and to collect baseline ecological data.

The following water quality constituents were evaluated: total P, NH₃-N, N0₃-N, 0₂ (dissolved), pH, temperature, …

Overview Of Nitrate In Nebraska's Ground Water, Donald D. Adelman, Wanda J. Schroeder, Ronald J. Smaus, Gerald P. Wallin

Transactions of the Nebraska Academy of Sciences and Affiliated Societies

The primary concern over nitrate in ground water is the occurrence of a disease called methemoglobinemia in human infants who drink water containing the nitrate ion. Nitrate contaminated water leads to lack of oxygen in the blood, causing oxygen starvation of the brain and, in some severe cases, death. Infant farm animals, particularly piglets, are similarly affected by nitrate.

Two areas exist in Nebraska where nitrate contamination of ground water is becoming a serious problem. These problem areas are in Holt County and the Central Platte region. Most nitrate contamination is related to excessive application of commercial fertilizer on irrigated …

Mosses Of The Great Plains X. The Niobrara Valley Preserve And Adjacent Area In Nebraska, Steven P. Churchill

Transactions of the Nebraska Academy of Sciences and Affiliated Societies

Seventy·two species of mosses distributed among 43 genera and 19 families are reported for the Niobrara Valley Preserve and adjacent area. Fourteen new state records of mosses are added to the Nebraska flora. Distributional affinities for the mosses corroborated biogeographical data and hypotheses involving a strong western (arid and montane), northern (boreal), and eastern (temperate) taxic influence due to past vegetational changes associated with Pleistocene events.

Antlers Of Bretzia And Odocoileus (Mammalia, Cervidae) And The Evolution Of New World Deer, Eric Paul Gustafson

Transactions of the Nebraska Academy of Sciences and Affiliated Societies

Antlers of New World deer (Cervidae), though of considerable taxonomic importance, are rarely found in deposits earlier than Late Pleistocene. The one reasonably well known Blancan deer, Bretzia pseudalces, whose antlers are known from deposits in Washington and California, is an odocoilene, closely related to Odocoileus. An analysis of antler form and distribution patterns suggests that the immigration and divergence of the New World Odocoileinae (excluding Alces and Rangifer) occurred in the latest Hemphillian and Early Blancan. Evolution of complexity in antler form in this group begins with a relatively simple pattern which lacks a brow tine …

Meet Dr. Bob!, Mary Hanson Pritchard

Transactions of the Nebraska Academy of Sciences and Affiliated Societies

Dr. G(eorge) Robert Coatney was known to many as "Mr. Malaria" because of the leadership he provided for the malaria research and chemotherapy programs during World War II and the Korean War. He is known to many of us affectionately as "Dr. Bob." I first met Dr. Bob early in my parasitological career when he would come to Lincoln to visit his mother and other family members. He often visited Harold W. Manter, too. Although they only brushed shoulders in 1926 as Coatney was leaving and Manter was arriving at the University of Nebraska, the two developed a firm and …

Modification Of Sand Fly Biting Behavior By Leishmania Leads To Increased Parasite Transmission, Raymond Beach, Gabriel Kjilu, Johannis Leeuwenberg

Harold W. Manter Laboratory of Parasitology: Library Materials

To attempt rodent-sand fly-rodent transmission of Leishmania major, laboratory-reared Phlebotomus doboscqi were fed on L. major-infected mice and then refed on uninfected mice 21 days later. Flies which refed either probed 1–2 times and took a full blood meal in less than 10 minutes or probed 3 or more times and took little or no blood during a period of 15 minutes or more. When dissected, 7 of 8 flies which experienced difficulty in obtaining a blood meal had flagellates in their cibaria, an observation supporting the hypothesis that parasites in this part of the alimentary canal modify normal …

Sex-Specific Feeding Habits Of Brown-Headed Cowbirds In Northern Ohio In January, Richard A. Dolbeer, Cynthia R. Smith

United States Department of Agriculture Wildlife Services: Staff Publications

We examined the stomach contents of 57 brown-headed cowbirds (Molothrus ater) collected from a roost in Erie Co., Ohio, on 12 January 1983. Corn was by far the predominant food, averaging 66% of the stomach contents by weight. Seeds from at least five grasses, but primarily Setaria spp., were the second most abundant food category, averaging 21% of the stomach contents. Ragweed {Ambrosia artemisiifolia) seeds (2.6%) were third. Male cowbirds consumed more corn than did the smaller females, whereas females consumed more of the smaller grass seeds. The abundance of corn in harvested fields and feedlots, combined with mild winter …

The Ecology Of Foraging Behavior: Implications For Animal Learning And Memory, Alan Kamil, Herbert L. Roitblat

Avian Cognition Papers

In his recent Annual Review of Psychology article, Snowdon (1983) discussed the synthesis of ethology and comparative psychology. A similar synthesis of behavioral ecology and animal learning is beginning to take place. This article reviews developments in the behavioral ecology and ethology of foraging behavior relevant to psychological research on animal learning. The psychological literature shows that animals possess a wide range of learning abilities, including “simple” classical and operant conditioning; they acquire spatial, nonspatial, and temporal discriminations; they exhibit various forms of rule learning (e.g. matching-to-sample and learning set), and may even in certain senses learn language. Why does …

Predation In Insular Plant Dynamics: An Experimental Assessment Of Postdispersal Fruit And Seed Survival, Enewetak Atoll, Marshall Islands, Svata M. Louda, Paul H. Zedler

Svata M. Louda Publications

We studied predation upon the fruits of four common terrestrial plant species of atolls by excluding: 1) all predators; 2) large predators only; and 3) no predators. Each of these treatments was located within the vegetation at three distances from the shore: beach edge of fringing thicket; middle of the thicket; and inner forest. The plants were Terminalia catappa, Messerschmidia argentea, Scaevola taccada, and Guettarda speciosa. Predation loss over the year was significant (P < 0.01) for all four species. Location contributed significantly only for S. taccada. Amount of loss and predominant type of seed predator for a plant species were related to size and conspicuousness. The largest fruits, …

Buzz-Wings, Paul A. Johnsgard

Papers in Ornithology

In Nebraska, the species of hummingbird most likely to be seen, and indeed the only one likely to be seen in the eastern half of the state, is the ruby-throated hummingbird. This is the most widely distributed of all North American hummingbirds, and its breeding range covers virtually all of eastern North America north nearly to Hudson Bay. The nesting range includes most of eastern Nebraska, but only along the Missouri River is nesting at all regular. Nests have been reported as far west as North Platte. Ruby-throats typically arrive in Nebraska in early April, with about half of the …

The Effects Of Prey Depletion On The Patch Choice Of Foraging Blue Jays (Cyanocitta Cristata), Alan Kamil, Sonja I. Yoerg

Papers in Behavior in Biological Sciences

Blue jays (Cyanocitta cristata) were trained to hunt for non-cryptic moths presented in projected images. On each trial, the jays chose one of two patches to hunt in: (1) a uniform, “non-depleting” patch with constant prey density of 0.25; or (2) a “depleting” patch in which prey density changed during the foraging bout. In the depleting patch, the initial prey density was 0.50, declining to zero in a single step part-way through each foraging bout (session). The patch choices of the jays were greatly affected by these conditions. The jays chose the depleting patch early in the session, …

Development And Life Cycles, Gerald D. Schmidt

Harold W. Manter Laboratory of Parasitology: Faculty Publications

Embryological development and biology of the Acanthocephala occupied the attention of several early investigators. Most notable among these were Leuckart (1862), Schneider (1871), Hamann (1891 a) and Kaiser (1893). These works and others, including his own observations, were summarized by Meyer (1933) in the monograph celebrated by the present volume. For this reason findings of these early researchers are not discussed further, except to say that it would be difficult to find more elegant, detailed and correct studies of acanthocephalan ontogeny than those published by these pioneers.

Since Meyer's monograph, many studies have been published on most aspects of …

Nearshore Foodwebs And The Distribution Of Acanthocephalan Parasites In Antarctic Seabirds, Eric P. Hoberg

Harold W. Manter Laboratory of Parasitology: Faculty Publications

Field studies, in the vicinity of Palmer Station during the austral summer of 1982— 1983, yielded an extensive collection of acanthocephalans and other parasites from seabirds, fish and invertebrates. The continuing analysis of this material has resulted in the elucidation of factors that control the occurrence of Corynosoma spp. in Antarctic seabirds. Notably, the host-distribution of Corynosoma spp. suggested that these parasites were being acquired from piscine or possibly amphipod prey, generally in nearshore habitats.

Control Of Insect Pests In Recent Mammal Collections, S. L. Williams, Hugh H. Genoways, D. A. Schlitter

University of Nebraska State Museum: Mammalogy Papers

A review is made of numerous insecticides to determine their suitability for use in Recent mammal collections. Factors determining their value were based on human safety, ability to protect specimens without adverse effects, and other considerations. The more favorable insecticides to use in mammal collections include Dowfume 75, sulfuryl fluoride. dimethyldiclorovinyl phosphate, paradichlorobenzene, carbon dioxide, and naphthalene. Insecticides that are considered less favor able because of many limitations included aldrin, dieldrin, arsenic, borax, mitin, ethylene oxide, methoxychlor, methyl bromide, and pyrethrum. There are some insecticides that should never be used because of extreme health and/or fire hazards. These include carbon …

Development And Life Cycles: [Chapter 8 In Biology Of The Acanthocephala], Gerald D. Schmidt, Brent B. Nickol

Harold W. Manter Laboratory of Parasitology: Faculty Publications

Embryological development and biology of the Acanthocephala occupied the attention of several early investigators. Most notable among these were Leuckart (1862), Schneider (1871), Hamann (1891a) and Kaiser (1893). These works and others, including his own observations, were summarized by Meyer (1933) in the monograph celebrated by the present volume. For this reason findings of these early researchers are not discussed further, except to say that it would be difficult to find more elegant, detailed and correct studies of acanthocephalan ontogeny than those published by these pioneers.

Since Meyer's monograph, many studies have been published on most aspects of the biology …

A Frotarsius Chatrathi, First Tarsiiform Primate (? Tarsiidae) From Africa, Elwyn L. Simons, Thomas M. Bown

United States Geological Survey: Staff Publications

Tarsiiform primates have long been regarded as a Laurasian group, with an extensive fossil record in the Eocene of North America and EuropeI and two important but less well-known records from Asia.

The Pentastomid Sebekia Mississippiensis Sp. N. In The American Alligator And Other Hosts, Robin M. Overstreet, J. Teague Self, Kent A. Vliet

Harold W. Manter Laboratory of Parasitology: Faculty Publications

Sebekia mississippiensis sp. n. is described from Alligator mississippiensis in Louisiana, Mississippi, and Florida. Closely related to S. oxycephala in South American crocodilians, it differs by having a smaller and less spinous hook shield, a broader base for the posterior extensions of the oral cadre. and a thinner and more delicate tegument. The male reproductive system differs somewhat from that described for other pentastomids. Nymphs parasitize several fishes as well as turtles, snakes, and mammals.

Namru-3 Translations Of Parasite Literature From Russian, French, Japanese, Etc. Into English (1929-1985) T1701-T1800, United States Naval Medical Research Unit Number Three, Cairo, Medical Zoology Department

United States Naval Medical Research Unit 3: Publications

T1701. TRANSLATION FROM RUSSIAN, OVEZMUKHAMMEDOV, A. and SAF'YANOVA, V. M. (1983), Occurrence of amastigotes of Leishmania gymnodactyli in the peripheral blood of Gymnodactylus caspius and Agama caucasica. Parazitologiya, Leningrad. 17(3):185-188.

T1702. TRANSLATION FROM RUSSIAN. YASTREBOV, V. K. and YURLOV, K. T. (1978). Possible arbovirus dissemination in western Siberia in connection with data on migrations and overwinterings of west Siberian birds. Dokl. Simp. Transkont. Svyazi Pereletn. Ptits Rol' v Rasp. Arbovirus. (Novosibirsk, July-August, 1976), pp. 167-172.

T1703. TRANSLATION FROM GERMAN. MOSKVIN, I. A. (1929). On the role of the tick Ornithodoros papillipes Bir. (Ixodoidea) in transmitting relapsing fever in Turkestan. Z. …

Soil Compaction I Where, How Bad, A Problem, Elbert C. Dickey, Thomas Peterson, Dean E. Eisenhauer, Paul J. Jasa

Department of Agricultural and Biological Systems Engineering: Faculty Publications

Soil compaction is a more common problem now than it was 15 years ago, regardless of the tillage system used. Producers now use heavier tractors, larger implements, bigger combines, earlier spring tillage, reduced tillage, and no-till planting systems.

While all of these have a potential to increase compaction, the major cause of the problem is conducting field operations when the soil is too wet. Most think about tilling wet soils in the spring as being the major problem, but harvesting a too-wet field in the fall can cause just as much compaction. Large combines and auger wagons can have loads …