Digital Commons Network^™

An Investigation Of New Medications Initiation During Ambulatory Care Visits In Patients With Dementia, Alexandra Wallem, Ashley I. Martinez, Lauren Vickers, Michael Singleton, Daniela C. Moga

Pharmacy Practice and Science Faculty Publications

Background
There is currently insufficient data describing how new medications are provided to older adult ambulatory patients with dementia in the United States (US).

Objectives
To describe characteristics of ambulatory care visits for adults ≥ 65 years old and investigate differences in prescribing of new medications between patients with and without dementia.

Methods
We conducted a population-based cross-sectional study using the 2016 National Ambulatory Medical Care Survey (NAMCS) in the US. Non-perioperative ambulatory care visits of patients ≥ 65 years old with sampling weights were used to provide national estimates of visits. Baseline characteristics were compared between visits for patients …

Pulmonary Function Decline In Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis, Terry D. Heiman-Patterson, Ossama Khazaal, Daohai Yu, Michael E. Sherman, Edward J. Kasarskis, Carlayne E. Jackson, Peg Niv Study Group

Neurology Faculty Publications

Background: There has been no comprehensive longitudinal study of pulmonary functions (PFTS) in ALS determining which measure is most sensitive to declines in respiratory muscle strength. Objective: To determine the longitudinal decline of PFTS in ALS and which measure supports Medicare criteria for NIV initiation first. Methods: Serial PFTs (maximum voluntary ventilation (MVV), maximum inspiratory pressure measured by mouth (MIP) or nasal sniff pressure (SNIP), maximum expiratory pressure (MEP), and Forced Vital Capacity (FVC)) were performed over 12 months on 73 ALS subjects to determine which measure showed the sentinel decline in pulmonary function. The rate of decline for each …

Forage News [2021-08], Department Of Plant And Soil Sciences, University Of Kentucky

Forage News

No abstract provided.

Tropical Forages For Monogastric Animals: Enhancing Smallholders Competitiveness In Local And Emerging Markets, Michael Peters, D. White, L. S. Muñoz, P. Sarria, N. Vivas, F. Holmann, M. Lundy, T. Oberthur, P. Lentes, A. Schmidt, Martin Mena, S. Fujisaka

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

No abstract provided.

Sustaining Pastoral Linkages To High‐Value Livestock Markets Through Collective Action And Public‐Private Partnerships: A Case Study From Southern Ethiopia, S. Desta, D. Layne Coppock, G. Gebru, S. Tezera, L. Gizachew

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

No abstract provided.

A Narrative Review On The Unexplored Potential Of Colostrum As A Preventative Treatment And Therapy For Diarrhea In Neonatal Dairy Calves, Havelah S. M. Carter, David L. Renaud, Michael A. Steele, Amanda J. Fischer-Tlustos, Joao H. C. Costa

Animal and Food Sciences Faculty Publications

Diarrhea is the leading cause of morbidity and mortality in pre-weaned dairy calves and, as such, represents a significant animal health and welfare concern. Furthermore, digestive disease early in life is associated with several long-term consequences such as reduced growth rate and decreased milk yield during the first lactation, thus generating severe economic losses. The majority of diarrheic cases in young calves are treated with antimicrobials; however, it is necessary to develop alternative treatments, as excessive antimicrobial usage can lead to antimicrobial resistance and can negatively impact the gut microflora of a calf. Bovine colostrum is abundant in immune and …

Food Supply Chains In Developed Countries And Livestock Production Systems, Alan Mcdermott

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

No abstract provided.

Geospatial Analysis Of Rurality And Food Banks In Appalachian Ohio, Cooper T. Johnson, Rebecca Fischbein, Kristin Baughman

Journal of Appalachian Health

Introduction: Food insecurity is a problem for individuals across Ohio, including those living in Appalachia. Adequate access to resources that help combat food insecurity is important for these populations.

Purpose: To examine how rurality relates to food insecurity and need for food resources, as well as availability of those resources including food pantries and soup kitchens, in 15 northern Ohio Appalachian counties.

Methods: A cross-sectional study with a geographical analysis was conducted using data from the American Community Survey census data, County Health Rankings data, and regional foodbank websites.

Results: Rural counties had a higher ratio of potential clients per …

Addressing Diabetes Distress In Self-Management Programs: Results Of A Randomized Feasibility Study, Ranjita Misra, Samantha Shawley-Brzoska, Raihan Khan, Brenna O. Kirk, Sijin Wen, Usha Sambamoorthi

Journal of Appalachian Health

Background: West Virginia ranks 1st nationally in the prevalence of hypertension (HTN; 43.8%) and diabetes (16.2%). Patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) are distressed over physical and psychological burden of disease self-management.

Methods: This study investigated the effectiveness of an intervention to reduce diabetes distress and outcomes [glycemic control, blood pressure (BP)] among T2DM adults with comorbid HTN. Participants were randomized to a 12-week diabetes and hypertension self-management program versus a 3-month wait-listed control group. Trained health coaches and experts implemented the lifestyle program in a faith-based setting using an adapted evidence-based curriculum. Twenty adults with T2DM and HTN …

Diabetes Knowledge, Behaviors, And Perceptions Of Risk In Rural West Virginia Counties, Ranjita Misra, Sara Farjo, Renee Mcginnis, Megan Adelman Elavsky, Summer Kuhn, Catherine Morton-Mcswain

Journal of Appalachian Health

Introduction: A little less than half of American adults have diabetes or pre-diabetes. In 2016, West Virginia (WV) had the highest percentage (15.2%) of adults with diagnosed diabetes in the U.S.

Purpose: In partnership with the Health Sciences and Technology Academy (HSTA), a cross-sectional study was preformed to assess knowledge, behaviors, and perceptions of diabetes risk.

Methods: Data was collected by trained HSTA students and teachers who lived in rural counties in WV. Information was assessed using validated surveys, and HbA1c was obtained by utilizing professional point-of-care (Bayer) kits.

Results: Mean age and Body Mass Index (BMI) was 36.11±17.86 years …

Diagnosis Of Classic Homocystinuria In Two Boys Presenting With Acute Cerebral Venous Thrombosis And Neurologic Dysfunction After Normal Newborn Screening, Alexander Asamoah, Sainan Wei, Kelly E. Jackson, Joseph H. Hersh, Harvey Levy

Pathology and Laboratory Medicine Faculty Publications

Homocystinuria, caused by cystathionine β-synthase deficiency, is a rare inherited disorder involving metabolism of methionine. Impaired synthesis of cystathionine leads to accumulation of homocysteine that affects several organ systems leading to abnormalities in the skeletal, cardiovascular, ophthalmic and central nervous systems. We report a 14-month-old and a 7-year-old boy who presented with neurologic dysfunction and were found to have cerebral venous sinus thromboses on brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)/magnetic resonance venogram (MRV) and metabolic and hypercoagulable work-up were consistent with classic homocystinuria. The 14-month-old boy had normal newborn screening. The 7-year-old boy initially had an abnormal newborn screen for homocystinuria …

The Fatty Acid Profile Of Traditional Home‐Made Kurut In Xinjiang Pastoral Regions, Yimamu Aibibula, Masaaki Hanada, M. Hirata, M. Renaguli, M. Goto

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

No abstract provided.

Biorenewable Energy: New Opportunities For Grassland Agriculture, Kenneth J. Moore, Steven L. Fales, Emily A. Heaton

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

No abstract provided.

Effect Of Biochanin A On The Rumen Microbial Community Of Holstein Steers Consuming A High Fiber Diet And Subjected To A Subacute Acidosis Challenge, Brittany E. Harlow, Michael D. Flythe, James L. Klotz, David L. Harmon, Glen E. Aiken

Animal and Food Sciences Faculty Publications

Subacute rumen acidosis (SARA) occurs when highly fermentable carbohydrates are introduced into the diet, decreasing pH and disturbing the microbial ecology of the rumen. Rumen amylolytic bacteria rapidly catabolize starch, fermentation acids accumulate in the rumen and reduce environmental pH. Historically, antibiotics (e.g., monensin, MON) have been used in the prevention and treatment of SARA. Biochanin A (BCA), an isoflavone produced by red clover (Trifolium pratense), mitigates changes associated with starch fermentation ex vivo. The objective of the study was to determine the effect of BCA on amylolytic bacteria and rumen pH during …

The Anti-Dipsogenic And Anti-Natriorexigenic Effects Of Estradiol, But Not The Anti-Pressor Effect, Are Lost In Aged Female Rats, Jessica Santollo, Jason A. Collett, Andrea A. Edwards

Biology Faculty Publications

Estradiol (E2) inhibits fluid intake in several species, which may help to defend fluid homeostasis by preventing excessive extracellular fluid volume. Although this phenomenon is well established using the rat model, it has only been studied directly in young adults. Because aging influences the neuronal sensitivity to E2 and the fluid intake effects of E2 are mediated in the brain, we tested the hypothesis that aging influences the fluid intake effects of E2 in female rats. To do so, we examined water and NaCl intake in addition to the pressor effect after central angiotensin II treatment in young (3-4 months), …

Physical Activity Barriers And Assets In Rural Appalachian Kentucky: A Mixed-Methods Study, Natalie Jones, Deirdre Dlugonski, Rachel Gillespie, Emily M. Dewitt, Joann Lianekhammy, Stacey A. Slone, Kathryn M. Cardarelli

Sports Medicine Research Institute Faculty Publications

Obesity is an increasing public health concern in the U.S. and a contributor to chronic illness, with trends revealing a rise in adult obesity and chronic disease rates among the most vulnerable and disadvantaged populations, including those in rural communities. A mixed-methods approach was used to examine perspectives on perceived physical activity barriers, resources, and level of community support. Researchers utilized the socioecological model to examine the multiple domains that support physical activity in rural Appalachia. The present study focuses on baseline data, including a cohort survey to assess physical activity, health status, and barriers to physical activity, and five …

Modeling Forage Yield Losses For Crop Insurance In Eastern Canada, I. Duchesne‐Ortiz, Gilles Bélanger, L. Martel, Guy Allard

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

No abstract provided.

Alteration Of The Canine Metabolome After A 3-Week Supplementation Of Cannabidiol (Cbd) Containing Treats: An Exploratory Study Of Healthy Animals, Elizabeth M. Morris, Susanna E. Kitts-Morgan, Dawn M. Spangler, Ibukun M. Ogunade, Kyle R. Mcleod, David L. Harmon

Animal and Food Sciences Faculty Publications

Despite the increased interest and widespread use of cannabidiol (CBD) in humans and companion animals, much remains to be learned about its effects on health and physiology. Metabolomics is a useful tool to evaluate changes in the health status of animals and to analyze metabolic alterations caused by diet, disease, or other factors. Thus, the purpose of this investigation was to evaluate the impact of CBD supplementation on the canine plasma metabolome. Sixteen dogs (18.2 ± 3.4 kg BW) were utilized in a completely randomized design with treatments consisting of control and 4.5 mg CBD/kg BW/d. After 21 d of …

Blood's Concentration Of Lead And Arsenic Associated With Anemia In Peruvian Children, Ana Maria Linares, Jason M. Unrine, Amanda Thaxton Wigging, Juan C. Tantalean, Vlad C. Radulescu

Nursing Faculty Publications

This exploratory, descriptive cohort study (N = 60) determined lead (Pb) and arsenic (As) blood concentrations in Peruvian children and their association with hematological parameters of iron-deficient anemia (IDA) and anthropometric measurement. The mean age of children was 10.8 months (SD = 4.7) and ranged from 3 to 24 months old. Anemia (Hb levels below 10.5 g/dL) was found in 20% of this cohort. Additionally, microcytosis (MCV < 70 fL) was present in 54%, and hypochromia (MCH < 23 pg) in 42% of the group of children. Chi-square analysis showed that 88% of the children with anemia also had microcytosis and hypochromia (p < 0.001). Pb and As were detected in 100% of the infants’ blood samples, and the concentrations were significantly higher in older infants than in younger ones. Pb and As were not associated with the sex, anthropomorphic parameters, or infant hemogram changes. Infants who received iron supplementation were 87% less likely to have low Hb compared with those who did not (OR = 0.13, 95% CI = 0.02–0.88, p = 0.04). Herbal tea intake was significantly associated with microcytosis and hypochromia. Our finding uncovered that hematological parameters for anemia are modified in Peruvian children with high levels of microcytosis …

Editorial: Invertebrate Neuroscience: Contributions From Model And Non-Model Species, Maria P. Fernandez, Clare C. Rittschof, Jimena A. Sierralta

Entomology Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

Taming A 'Wicked' Policy Problem: A Policy Overview Of Property Rights And Governance Of Africa's Rangelands, Esther Mwangi

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

No abstract provided.

Screen Time Parenting Practices And Associations With Preschool Children’S Tv Viewing And Weight-Related Outcomes, Cody D. Neshteruk, Gina L. Tripicchio, Stephanie Lobaugh, Amber E. Vaughn, Courtney T. Luecking, Stephanie Mazzucca, Dianne S. Ward

Dietetics and Human Nutrition Faculty Publications

The purpose of this study was to examine associations between screen time (ST) parenting practices and 2–5-year-old children’s TV viewing and weight status. Data were collected from 252 parent–child dyads enrolled in a randomized parent-focused childhood obesity prevention trial from 2009–2012. ST parenting practices were assessed at baseline using a validated parent-reported survey. Parent-reported child TV viewing and objectively measured anthropometrics were assessed at baseline, post-intervention (35 weeks), and follow-up (59 weeks). Marginal effect models were developed to test the association between baseline ST parenting practices and children’s TV viewing, BMI z-score, and waist circumference across all time points. Limiting/monitoring …

Best Papers Introduction, Douglas D. Archbold

Horticulture Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

Himalayan Rangelands Ecology And Animal Production Influenced By Changing Social And Economic Culture In Northern Areas Of Pakistan, Syed Hassan Raza

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

No abstract provided.

A Forage Book Of International Impact, Garry D. Lacefield, Donald M. Ball, Carl S. Hoveland, Donald L. Armstrong

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

No abstract provided.

Effects Of Treatments On Fermentation Quality And Nutrition Ingredient Of Small Reed, Yusup Yusanjan, Ainiwaer Aishan, Guangwei Zhao

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

No abstract provided.

Forage News [2021-07], Department Of Plant And Soil Sciences, University Of Kentucky

Forage News

No abstract provided.

Study On Drying Characteristic And Hay Quality Of Alfalfa In Different Hay Making Methods, Shiming Xue, Guilian Shan

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

No abstract provided.

Chemical Composition And Seasonal Yield Of Koeleria Cristata In West Azarbaijan Grasslands Of Iran, Javad Torkan, I. Bernosi

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

No abstract provided.

Reduced Mitochondrial Dna And Oxphos Protein Content In Skeletal Muscle Of Children With Cerebral Palsy, Ferdinand Von Walden, Ivan J. Vechetti Jr., Davis A. Englund, Vandré C. Figueiredo, Rodrigo Fernandez-Gonzalo, Kevin A. Murach, Jessica Pingel, John J. Mccarthy, Per Stål, Eva Pontén

Physiology Faculty Publications

AIM: To provide a detailed gene and protein expression analysis related to mitochondrial biogenesis and assess mitochondrial content in skeletal muscle of children with cerebral palsy (CP).

METHOD: Biceps brachii muscle samples were collected from 19 children with CP (mean [SD] age 15y 4mo [2y 6mo], range 9-18y, 16 males, three females) and 10 typically developing comparison children (mean [SD] age 15y [4y], range 7-21y, eight males, two females). Gene expression (quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction [PCR]), mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) to genomic DNA ratio (quantitative PCR), and protein abundance (western blotting) were analyzed. Microarray data sets (CP/aging/bed rest) were …