Digital Commons Network^™

Community-Based Efforts Aim To Improve The Food Environment Within A Highly Obese Rural Appalachian County, Rachel Gillespie, Emily M. Dewitt, Heather Norman-Burgdolf, Brynnan Dunaway, Alison A. Gustafson

Dietetics and Human Nutrition Faculty Publications

Rural communities in Appalachia are displaying increased obesity prevalence, yet traditional interventions have not provided a broad enough impact to improve dietary consumption patterns. Therefore, expanding efforts that address the food environment and incorporate behavioral nudges through community-developed marketing strategies may be a viable mechanism to improve food and beverage choices within this unique population. This study installed shelf-wobblers across n = 5 gas stations in one rural Appalachian county in Kentucky. Smart Snacks were identified from store inventory lists utilizing the CDC Food Service Guideline for Federal Facilities calculator and were categorized into high-protein snacks, low-fat carbohydrate snacks, meal …

The Effect Of Adding Biological Agents On Alfalfa Silage Quality, Changhui Li, Yanfang Deng, Yimin Cai

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

No abstract provided.

Yield Trait Comparison Of Twenty Two Alfalfa Cultivars, Tianming Hu, Peizhi Yang, Quanzhen Wang

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

No abstract provided.

Creating A Field-Wide Forage Canopy Model Using Uavs And Photogrammetry Processing, Cameron Minch, Joseph S. Dvorak, Joshua J. Jackson, Stuart Tucker Sheffield

Biosystems and Agricultural Engineering Faculty Publications

Alfalfa canopy structure reveals useful information for managing this forage crop, but manual measurements are impractical at field-scale. Photogrammetry processing with images from Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) can create a field-wide three-dimensional model of the crop canopy. The goal of this study was to determine the appropriate flight parameters for the UAV that would enable reliable generation of canopy models at all stages of alfalfa growth. Flights were conducted over two separate fields on four different dates using three different flight parameters. This provided a total of 24 flights. The flight parameters considered were the following: 30 m altitude with …

Effects Of Different Drying Ways On Main Nutrition Ingredient In Different Growth Stages Of Xinjiang Small Reed, Guangwei Zhao, Ainiwaer Aishan, Yong Chen, Yusanjang, K. Ataku

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

No abstract provided.

Comparative Study On Forage Qualities Evaluated With Grading Index And Relative Feed Value, J. K. Zhang, K. W. Chen, J. F. Xie, D. X. Lu, M. Hu

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

No abstract provided.

Inheriting And Advancing The Essence Of Nomadic Culture, And Searching For A New Course Of Harmonious Development On The Grassland, Zhongling Liu, Cunzhu Liang, Lixing Wang, Dunyuan Hao, Huaming Liu

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

No abstract provided.

Healthy Dietary Intake Moderates The Effects Of Age On Brain Iron Concentration And Working Memory Performance, Valentinos Zachariou, Christopher E. Bauer, Elayna R. Seago, Georgia Panayiotou, Edward D. Hall, D. Allan Butterfield, Brian T. Gold

Neuroscience Faculty Publications

Age-related brain iron accumulation is linked with oxidative stress, neurodegeneration and cognitive decline. Certain nutrients can reduce brain iron concentration in animal models, however, this association is not well established in humans. Moreover, it remains unknown if nutrition can moderate the effects of age on brain iron concentration and/or cognition. Here, we explored these issues in a sample of 73 healthy older adults (61-86 years old), while controlling for several factors such as age, gender, years of education, physical fitness and alcohol-intake. Quantitative susceptibility mapping was used for assessment of brain iron concentration and participants performed an N-Back paradigm to …

Dysregulation Of Systemic Immunity In Aging And Dementia, Jenny Lutshumba, Barbara S. Nikolajczyk, Adam D. Bachstetter

Pharmacology and Nutritional Sciences Faculty Publications

Neuroinflammation and the tissue-resident innate immune cells, the microglia, respond and contribute to neurodegenerative pathology. Although microglia have been the focus of work linking neuroinflammation and associated dementias like Alzheimer’s Disease, the inflammatory milieu of brain is a conglomerate of cross-talk amongst microglia, systemic immune cells and soluble mediators like cytokines. Age-related changes in the inflammatory profile at the levels of both the brain and periphery are largely orchestrated by immune system cells. Strong evidence indicates that both innate and adaptive immune cells, the latter including T cells and B cells, contribute to chronic neuroinflammation and thus dementia. Neurodegenerative hallmarks …

Host Phylogeny And Diet Shape Gut Microbial Communities Within Bamboo-Feeding Insects, Kuanguan Huang, Jie Wang, Junhao Huang, Shouke Zhang, Alfried P. Vogler, Quanquan Liu, Yongchun Li, Maowei Yang, You Li, Xuguo Zhou

Entomology Faculty Publications

The gut microbiome plays an important role in a host’s development and adaption to its dietary niche. In this study, a group of bamboo-feeding insects are used to explore the potential role of the gut microbiota in the convergent adaptation to extreme diet specialization. Specifically, using a 16S rRNA marker and an Illumina sequencing platform, we profiled the microbial communities of 76 gut samples collected from nine bamboo-feeding insects, including both hemimetabolous (Orthoptera and Hemiptera) and holometabolous (Coleoptera and Lepidoptera) species, which are specialized in three distinct dietary niches: bamboo leaf, shoot, and sap. The gut microbiota of these insects …

The Studies Of Grasslands Puna And Sweetheart Chicory (Cichorium Intybus L.) Silages, Q. F. Xu, Z. W. Cui, X. Zhang, H. Liu, J. G. Han, Z. Yu, Z. Q. Li

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

No abstract provided.

Influences Of A Lactic Acid Bacterial Inoculum On Nutritive Value Of Corn Silage And The Nutrient Intake Of Sheep Fed This Silage, P. Wang, K. Souma, T. Saitou, S. Iwata, T. Tanaka, Masaaki Hanada, T. Masuko

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

No abstract provided.

Selection On Silage Pasture Species Of High Yield In Subtropics Of Yunnan Province, Chi Xu, Chongyi Kuang, Shiming Xue, Huiyin Shu, Jinyong Yang, Jingfa Xiong, Bizhi Huang

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

No abstract provided.

Analysis Of Cell Wall Components And Ultra‐Structure For Bm‐Rice Animal Nutrition Purposes, Yanjing Su, C. J. Yan, L. S. Sun, Guoqi Zhao

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

No abstract provided.

Effect Of Different Storage Period On Nutrional Ingredient Of Forage, Jie Qiao, Qingyan Zhou, Dan Zheng, Yujie Lou

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

No abstract provided.

Effects Of Alfalfa Saponin On Fermentation Functions And Protozoal Populations In The Rumen Of Sheep, Ming Hu, Dexun Lu, Wenyi Niu, Xiaoping Ren, Ren Na, Jing Yi

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

No abstract provided.

The Influence Of Sward Quality On Enteric Methane Production By Zero Grazed Beef Cattle, K. J. Hart, P. Martin, D. Kenny, P. Foley, F. P. O'Mara, Tommy M. Boland

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

No abstract provided.

Study On Making Psathyrostachys Juncea Silage, Liying Han, Zhu Yu, Lian Tao

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

No abstract provided.

Protein And Carbohydrate Fractions In Sorghum Silage With Addition Of Urea And Two Storage Periods, F. E. P. Fernandes, R. Garcia, A. J. V. Pires, O. G. Pereira, D. R. Souza, F. B. L. Mendes, A. A. Pinheiro, C. S. Fernandes

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

No abstract provided.

Effect Of The Lysosomotropic Agent Chloroquine On Mtorc1 Activation And Protein Synthesis In Human Skeletal Muscle, Michael S. Borack, Jared M. Dickinson, Christopher S. Fry, Paul T. Reidy, Melissa M. Markofski, Rachel R. Deer, Kristofer Jennings, Elena Volpi, Blake B. Rasmussen

Athletic Training and Clinical Nutrition Faculty Publications

BACKGROUND: Previous work in HEK-293 cells demonstrated the importance of amino acid-induced mTORC1 translocation to the lysosomal surface for stimulating mTORC1 kinase activity and protein synthesis. This study tested the conservation of this amino acid sensing mechanism in human skeletal muscle by treating subjects with chloroquine-a lysosomotropic agent that induces in vitro and in vivo lysosome dysfunction.

METHODS: mTORC1 signaling and muscle protein synthesis (MPS) were determined in vivo in a randomized controlled trial of 14 subjects (10 M, 4 F; 26 ± 4 year) that ingested 10 g of essential amino acids (EAA) after receiving 750 mg of chloroquine …

Limitations In American Adults’ Awareness Of And Beliefs About Alcohol As A Risk Factor For Cancer, Marc T. Kiviniemi, Heather Orom, Jennifer L. Hay, Erika A. Waters

Health, Behavior & Society Faculty Publications

Alcohol is a carcinogen. Recommendations to reduce alcohol use to lower cancer risk are increasingly common. However, neither the beliefs of US adults about alcohol consumption and cancer risk, nor factors influencing those beliefs, are well understood. We used data from the 2019 Health Information National Trends Survey (analysis N = 4,470) to examine beliefs about whether drinking too much alcohol increases cancer risk. We compared those beliefs to beliefs for three other health problems, and examined whether believing alcohol is a cancer risk factor was related to demographics, risk perceptions, other beliefs about the nature of cancer, and alcohol …

Report Of The Pathogenesis And Pathophysiology Of Lyme Disease Subcommittee Of The Hhs Tick Borne Disease Working Group, Sam T. Donta, Leith J. States, Wendy A. Adams, Troy Bankhead, Nicole Baumgarth, Monica E. Embers, Robert B. Lochhead, Brian Stevenson

Microbiology, Immunology, and Molecular Genetics Faculty Publications

An understanding of the pathogenesis and pathophysiology of Lyme disease is key to the ultimate care of patients with Lyme disease. To better understand the various mechanisms underlying the infection caused by Borrelia burgdorferi, the Pathogenesis and Pathophysiology of Lyme Disease Subcommittee was formed to review what is currently known about the pathogenesis and pathophysiology of Lyme disease, from its inception, but also especially about its ability to persist in the host. To that end, the authors of this report were assembled to update our knowledge about the infectious process, identify the gaps that exist in our understanding of …

Partial Removal Of Phenolics Coupled With Alkaline Ph Shift Improves Canola Protein Interfacial Properties And Emulsion In In Vitro Digestibility, Jiang Jiang, Yunqing Nie, Xuemei Sun, Youling L. Xiong

Animal and Food Sciences Faculty Publications

The effect of polyphenol removal (“dephenol”) combined with an alkaline pH shift treatment on the O/W interfacial and emulsifying properties of canola seed protein isolate (CPI) was investigated. Canola seed flour was subjected to solvent extraction to remove phenolic compounds, from which prepared CPI was exposed to a pH₁₂ shift to modify the protein structure. Dephenoled CPI had a light color when compared with an intense dark color for the control CPI. Up to 53% of phenolics were removed from the CPI after the extraction with 70% ethanol. Dephenoled CPI showed a partially unfolded structure and increased surface hydrophobicity …

Forage Quality Of Five Important Grasses At Sar‐Aliabad Summer Rangelands In Golestan Province, Iran, S. A. Hosseini, M. Mesdaghi

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

No abstract provided.

Effects Of Additives On The Alfalfa Fibrous Residues Silage Quality, Yanlin Xue, Z. Yu, C. S. Bai, Q. F. Xu

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

No abstract provided.

Insights Into The Molecular Evolution Of Fertilization Mechanism In Land Plants, Vijyesh Sharma, Anthony J. Clark, Tomokazu Kawashima

Plant and Soil Sciences Faculty Publications

Land plants have evolved successive changes during their conquest of the land and innovations in sexual reproduction have played a major role in their terrestrialization. Recent years have seen many revealing dissections of the molecular mechanisms of sexual reproduction and much new genomics data from the land plant lineage, including early diverging land plants, as well as algae. This new knowledge is being integrated to further understand how sexual reproduction in land plants evolved, identifying highly conserved factors and pathways, but also molecular changes that underpinned the emergence of new modes of sexual reproduction. Here, we review recent advances in …

Study On The Decreasing Lipid Activity Of Chicory Root Extracts And Inulin, Hongmei Shang, Tianming Hu, Youjun Lu, Yujie Lou

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

No abstract provided.

Changes In Herbage Quality Of Two Grasses From Inner Mongolia Grassland During Growing Season, Anne Schiborra, M. Gierus, H. W. Wan, Y. F. Bai, Friedhelm Taube

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

No abstract provided.

Variation Of Plant Diversity And Feeding Value In Gurbantunggut Desert Grassland, Y. B. Qian, Z. N. Wu, L. Y. Zhang, H. Y. Zhang

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

No abstract provided.

Fermentation Quality Of Tmr Silage With Green Tea Grounds Ensiled In Flexible Container Bag Silo, Ramli Mohd Noor, Yimin Cai, Ryuichi Uegaki, Hiroki Matsuyama, Chuncheng Xu, Norio Yoshida, Yasushi Tando, Tatsuo Miwa

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

No abstract provided.