Digital Commons Network^™

Farmer Killed When Caught In Hay Baler, Kentucky Injury Prevention And Research Center

Fatality Case Reports--Tractors/Logging

A 48-year-old part-time farmer was using a roll baler to bale hay on his farm around noon on a Saturday. Although there were no eyewitnesses to the event, it is believed that hay became clogged in the tines of the baler and he got off the tractor to try and force the hay in with his foot. His shoe or his pant leg became entangled in the tines of the baler and he was pulled into the machine.

In order to prevent similar incidents, FACE investigators recommend that

• machinery always be turned off before the operator dismounts or attempts to …

Welder Dies After 30-Foot Fall From Steel Structure, Kentucky Injury Prevention And Research Center

Fatality Case Reports--Falls

A 31-year-old welder working at a construction site died after falling 30 feet. The victim, along with two co-workers, was on an I-beam structure preparing to weld handrails when the incident occurred. The victim informed his two co-workers that he was going to talk with another person on the crew and left the area. He was wearing a hard hat, full-body safety harness with two shock-absorbing lanyards, and steel-toed shoes. He went down one level and crossed a roped-off area, stepping onto a steel-grate floor. The unsecured flooring moved, and the victim fell 30 feet to the dirt floor below. …

Farmer Killed When Crushed By Tractor, Kentucky Injury Prevention And Research Center

Fatality Case Reports--Tractors/Logging

A 70-year-old farmer (the victim) was killed while mowing his pasture. He had completed mowing around the top of a ridge, and was beginning to mow the sloping sections, when the power take-off (PTO) shaft connecting the rotary mower (bushhog) to the tractor came off. When he attempted to re-attach the shaft, the tractor began to roll down the steep slope; he lost control as it descended into the hollow. Apparently he attempted to jump from the left side of the tractor and his right foot became wedged between the high/low shift lever; as a result his body went under …

Logger Killed By Falling Snag [96ky089], Kentucky Injury Prevention And Research Center

Fatality Case Reports--Tractors/Logging

A 54-year-old logger (the victim) was killed after being struck on the head by a falling snag (dead standing tree). The victim was cutting the last tree to make up a load (3 trees) for the skidder. The driver was about 10-15 feet away, waiting for the last tree. He did not witness the incident. When the victim felled the tree, a nearby dead tree broke at a point approximately 12 feet up. The dead tree fell directly on the victim, striking him on the crown of the head. He was not wearing any type of head protection at the …

Retired Farmer Thrown From And Run Over By Tractor, Kentucky Injury Prevention And Research Center

Fatality Case Reports--Tractors/Logging

A 67-year-old retired farmer (the victim) was killed while mowing a field of the family farm. He had made several passes around the field using a rotary mower recently equipped with new blades by his son. At one end of the field was an approximate 20-foot hill of 15-degree slope. The top of this hill was a plateau across which the tractor could be driven in order to ascend at the end which was less steep. The victim had come close to rolling the tractor over in the past, and so it was never his practice to mow across the …

Evaluation Of A Regional Traffic Safety Improvement Program, Kenneth R. Agent

Kentucky Transportation Center Research Report

The objectives of this report were to document the activities and evaluate the effectiveness of a regional traffic safety improvement program in the Green River Area Development District (GRADD). This is a seven county region in western Kentucky. The goals of the program were to reduce the numbers of motor vehicle fatalities and injuries, to increase safety belt usage, and to increase public awareness of the effects of alcohol-related and high speed driving in rural areas.

A full-time employee was hired by GRADD to manage the program. A Citizen Advisory Board (CAB) was established in each county. Each CAB formulated …

Survey Of High School Driver Safety Programs, Kenneth R. Agent, Jerry G. Pigman

Kentucky Transportation Center Research Report

The over representation of teenage drivers in traffic collisions has been a cause of concern and the basis for the recent graduated license legislation. A subcommittee of the Safety Management System has the objective of improving teenage driver safety through development and implementation of education and training programs. The objective of this study was to obtain information on current and desired traffic safety related programs for high schools. A survey was sent to all high schools. Information was obtained from 189 of 432 schools. Current activity in the area of traffic safety was summarized. The activity with the most participation …

Method And Compositions For Treating Age Related Disorders, John M. Carney, Robert A. Floyd

Pharmacology and Nutritional Sciences Faculty Patents

Compositions containing as the active ingredient a spin-trapping reagent, preferably α-phenyl butyl nitrone (PBN) or spin-trapping derivatives thereof, in a suitable pharmaceutical carrier for administration to a patient are disclosed for treating or preventing symptoms associated with aging or other conditions associated with oxidative tissue damage. Other spin-trapping agents can also be used, such as 5,5-dimethyl pyrroline N-oxide (DMPO) or α-(4-pyridyl 1-oxide)-N-tert-butylnitrone (POBN), and other spin-trapping derivatives thereof. These compositions and methods are useful in the treatment of age-related disorders, pre-surgical and/or pre-anesthetic preparation or administration of chemotherapeutic agents, and in the treatment of disorders or trauma of the brain, …

Cellular Basis Of Decreased Immune Responses To Pneumococcal Vaccines In Aged Mice, Manju Garg, Wei Luo, Alan M. Kaplan, Subbarao Bondada

Microbiology, Immunology, and Molecular Genetics Faculty Publications

Previously, model systems were developed in our laboratory to study murine immune responses to the 23-valent pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine Pnu-Imune, both in vivo and in vitro (M. Garg and B. Subbarao, Infect. Immun. 60:2329-2336, 1992; M. Garg, A. M. Kaplan, and S. Bondada, J. Immunol. 152: 1589-1596, 1994). Using these systems, we found that aged mice did not respond to the vaccine in vivo or in vitro. Cell separation studies showed that the unresponsiveness of the aged spleen cells to the vaccine was not due to an intrinsic B-cell defect or to T-cell-mediated immunosuppression but resulted from an accessory cell …

Farmer Killed In Tractor Rollover [96ky088], Kentucky Injury Prevention And Research Center

Fatality Case Reports--Tractors/Logging

On August 22, 1996, a 75-year-old farmer was killed when the tractor he was operating rolled over onto him. He was using a 1979 IH Farm all 140, towing a flatbed wagon along the perimeter of a tobacco patch. As he turned left to proceed around the field, the left tractor wheels went over an embankment, causing the tractor to roll over. The victim was crushed under the rear wheel of the overturned tractor and died of traumatic asphyxia due to chest injuries. He was discovered by his son two hours after the incident when he did not return to …

The Proposed Corporate Sponsorship Regulations: Is The Treasury Department "Sleeping With The Enemy"?, David A. Brennen

Law Faculty Scholarly Articles

In 1993, the Treasury Department (the Treasury) issued a proposed regulation outlining when money received by a charity from a corporate sponsor would be subject to federal income tax. In defining the phrase "trade or business," the proposed regulation addresses the extent to which sponsorship payments to charities will be treated by the Treasury as having been made in return for advertising on behalf of the sponsor, thus subjecting the payment to income tax. In the proposed regulation, the Treasury concludes that a charity's use of a corporate sponsor's name in the title of a charitable event is a mere …

Apparatus And Method For Noninvasive Chemical Analysis, Robert A. Lodder

Pharmaceutical Sciences Faculty Patents

A method and apparatus are provided for magnetohydrodynamic acoustic-resonance, near-IR spectroscopy. The method includes a step of applying to a subject under study a magnetic field having a strength between 2,00-10,000 gauss, near-IR radiation having a wavelength between 800-3,000 nm and an acoustic wave having a frequency between 10 khz -1 Mhz. The method also includes the steps of inducing vibration of ions in the magnetic field and detecting an electric wave generated magnetohydrodynamically by the acoustic wave induced vibration of the ions. Next is the collecting of the electrical, acoustical and near-IR spectra and the analyzing of the collected …

Use Of L-Canavanine As A Chemotherapeutic Agent For The Treatment Of Pancreatic Cancer, Peter Crooks, Gerald A. Rosenthal

Pharmaceutical Sciences Faculty Patents

A pharmaceutical composition of canavanine, and a method treatment of cancer, particularly pancreatic cancer with L-canavanine is disclosed.

The Protective Role Of Manganese Superoxide Dismutase Against Adriamycin-Induced Acute Cardiac Toxicity In Transgenic Mice, Hsiu-Chuan Yen, Terry D. Oberley, Satit Vichitbandha, Ye-Shih Ho, Daret K. St. Clair

Toxicology and Cancer Biology Faculty Publications

Adriamycin (ADR) is a potent anticancer drug known to cause severe cardiac toxicity. Although ADR generates free radicals, the role of free radicals in the development of cardiac toxicity and the intracellular target for ADR-induced cardiac toxicity are still not well understood. We produced three transgenic mice lines expressing increased levels of human manganese superoxide dismutase (MnSOD), a mitochondrial enzyme, as an animal model to investigate the role of ADR-mediated free radical generation in mitochondria. The human MnSOD was expressed, functionally active, and properly transported into mitochondria in the heart of transgenic mice. The levels of copper-zinc SOD, catalase, and …

Front End Loader Overturns On Seed/Fertilizer Store Owner, Kentucky Injury Prevention And Research Center

Fatality Case Reports--Other

A 53-year-old farmer and partner in a seed and fertilizer business was loading fertilizer for a customer. He was driving the store's old front end loader, which had no roll over protective structure (ROPS) or seatbelt. After coming around to the back of the building where fertilizer was stored, he failed to turn the loader into the bin; instead it continued forward almost 50 feet to a ditch. When the front tire went over the edge of the ditch, the loader overturned, coming to rest on top of the victim. He died within minutes.

In order to prevent similar incidents, …

Maintenance Worker Killed In 25-Foot Fall From I-Beam, Kentucky Injury Prevention And Research Center

Fatality Case Reports--Falls

A 25-year-old maintenance worker at a steel distribution company died as the result of a fall from a steel I-beam he had repeatedly climbed to reach the top of a disabled crane. This worker and another had been attempting to repair the crane, and had found it necessary to climb up and down several times for various reasons (see below). Each time the victim had shimmied down and back up the I-beam rather than using the fixed ladder some distance away. When the fall occurred, he was on his way back up and somehow lost his grip on the beam. …

Logs Roll Off Truck At Sawmill Killing The Truck Driver, Kentucky Injury Prevention And Research Center

Fatality Case Reports--Motor Vehicle

A 64-year-old male (the victim) was killed while unloading logs at a sawmill. Since retiring from the mining industry several years ago, he had been working part-time driving a semi-trailer truck owned by a logger. As was his usual practice, the victim drove the truck alone, and on the day of the incident hauled a large load of logs on the trailer bed. The logs were approximately 12 inches in diameter and 20-25 feet long. Stakes on the sides of the trailer bed were four feet high; witnesses reported that the logs were stacked approximately four feet higher than the …

Low Molecular Weight Thiocarbamates As Inhibitors Of Elastase, Uses And Method Of Synthesis, George Digenis, Nikolaos P. Rodis

Pharmaceutical Sciences Faculty Patents

To see this abstract, please download this patent.

Method Of Tendon Repair, Bradley B. Hill

Surgery Faculty Patents

A method for repairing a transected or torn flexor or extensor tendon of a finger that has retracted proximally within its protective sheath includes the steps of: (a) visually locating a distal end of the tendon within the sheath; (b) engaging the distal end of the tendon, (c) pulling the tendon distally through the sheath to a tendon mending position; and (d) repairing the tendon.

Cooperative Implementation Of Federal Regulations, Douglas C. Michael

Law Faculty Scholarly Articles

Professor Michael examines regulatory programs in which the federal government leaves many compliance decisions up to the regulated entities themselves. Drawing on prior research and theory in the area, he concludes that such "cooperative implementation" is feasible if three principles are observed: (1) regulatory standards are written to leave discretion in methods of compliance and that discretion is within the competence of the regulated entities; (2) there are economic incentives to offset the additional costs to these entities; and (3) the entities self-report their own compliance, the agency closely monitors the program, and the agency maintains a residual program of …

Farmer Killed When Thrown From Tractor, Kentucky Injury Prevention And Research Center

Fatality Case Reports--Tractors/Logging

A 79-year-old farmer (the victim) was killed while driving his tractor. He had been a full-time farmer who lived alone and farmed on the 136-acre land nearly all of his life; the main commodity was beef cattle. As was his usual practice, he was working alone on the day of the incident. Every evening he had dinner with his two sisters who lived in a house on the same property about 50 yards from his home. When he did not show up for the evening meal, they went out to look for him. They found that he had taken the …

Apparatus And Method For Restoring Eyelid Function, Robert S. Baker, Brian J. Willoughby, Robert R. Marshall

Ophthalmology and Visual Science Faculty Patents

An apparatus is provided to restore eyelid function in a patient unable to voluntarily raise an eyelid. The apparatus includes a spiral torsion spring and pulley arrangement mounted in a housing that is implanted in the superior portion of the orbit of the eye. A wire connects the pulley to the eyelid. A spiral torsion spring provides the necessary spring force in tension to overcome the weight of the eyelid and draw the eyelid open. The natural muscles of eye closure are, however, sufficiently strong to overcome the spring tension thereby paying out wire from the pulley and closing the …

Rust Diseases Of Apple, John R. Hartman

Agriculture and Natural Resources Publications

Three related rust diseases occur on apple trees in Kentucky: cedar-apple rust, cedar-hawthorn rust, and cedarquince rust. Crabapple, hawthorn, mountain ash, pear, and serviceberry are also susceptible to these diseases. All three rusts are caused by different species of the fungus Gymnosporangium, each of which must spend a phase of its life cycle as a parasite on Juniperus species such as native red cedars or ornamental junipers.

Although cedar rusts can cause unsightly growths on Juniperus, they do not usually cause serious damage to these plants. Rust diseases can cause serious losses on apples, however, as a result …

Maintaining Conventional Septic Systems, William O. Thom, Pat Keefe

Agriculture and Natural Resources Publications

Septic systems are used in Kentucky where municipal sewage treatment is not available. They are an effective, longstanding method of collecting, treating, and disposing of homeowner wastewater, provided they are properly sited, installed, and maintained. However, a well-sited, properly sized and installed system will fail if not properly maintained. A failed septic system creates problems such as noxious odors, lowered property values, surface water contamination, and groundwater pollution and may be a health hazard. Repair and replacement costs are considerable. Additional information on assessing septic system performance and reducing the potential risk of groundwater contamination is available from a KY-A-Syst …

Guide For Control Of Annual And Perennial Flower And Ground Cover Diseases In The Landscape, John R. Hartman, Mary L. Witt

Agriculture and Natural Resources Publications

Herbaceous flowering plants are an asset to almost any landscape. Healthy plants are essential to maintaining a desirable aesthetic appearance. This publication suggests ways to control important infectious diseases of flowers and ground covers commonly grown in Kentucky.

Guidelines For Public Issues Education, Ron Hustedde, Craig Infanger

Community and Leadership Development

No abstract provided.

Formulation Enhanced Transport Of A Soil Applied Herbicide, V. P. Evangelou, Louis M. Mcdonald, Sandra Prima

KWRRI Research Reports

Because pesticides are applied as formulated particles and the affinity of the active ingredient for the formulation is higher than for the bulk water, we hypothesized that a formulation complex could affect active ingredient transport. Our objectives were to investigate the nature and extent of surfactant-atrazine-clay/oxide surface interactions. When atrazine and an anionic surfactant were dried onto plain or Fe-coated sand and leached, atrazine concentrations in the initial leachate were lower in the Fe-coated sand treatment. This was likely due to an electrostatic attraction between the sand and surfactant. When a nonionic surfactant was used, atrazine concentration in the initial …

Metal-Resistance Genetically Engineered Bacteria, Sylvia Daunert, Donna Scott, Sridhar Ramanathan

KWRRI Research Reports

Bacterial-based electrochemical and optical sensing systems that respond in a highly selective and sensitive manner to antimonite and arsenite have been developed. This was accomplished by using genetically engineered bacteria bearing one of two plasmids constructed for our studies. The first plasmid, pBGD23, contains the operator/promoter region (O/P) and the gene of the ArsR protein from the ars operon upstream from the β-galactosidase gene. In the absence of antimonite/arsenite, ArsR binds to the 0/P site and prevents the transcription of the genes for ArsR and β-galactosidase, thus blocking expression of these proteins. When antimonite or arsenite is present in the …

Logger Killed By Falling Snag [96ky019], Kentucky Injury Prevention And Research Center

Fatality Case Reports--Tractors/Logging

A 42-year-old logger was killed after being struck on the head by a falling limb from a snag (dead standing tree). The victim had been working with one co-worker, who had temporarily left the scene to remove some logs. They were selectively cutting dead or dying trees which were approximately 20 inches in diameter. While his co-worker was away, the victim cut a tree which broke a snag approximately 30-35 feet up. The snag fell directly on the victim, striking him in the forehead. He was not wearing any type of head protection at the time of the incident. The …

Farmer Strangled By Jacket Caught On Exposed Auger Shaft, Kentucky Injury Prevention And Research Center

Fatality Case Reports--Tractors/Logging

A 44-year-old farmer was killed when his jacket became entangled on the protruding metal shaft of a feed bin auger. The victim was atop the feed bin, trying to unclog feed from the auger by beating on the tin cylinder through which the feed passed into the bin. (See Figure 1.) The feed had become clogged at this point several times in the past, and the victim had performed this task on those occasions without injury. There were no witnesses to this incident. It was a rainy day, and the victim was wearing leather-soled boots, so it is possible that …