Digital Commons Network^™

Development Of A Sms Rollout Plan And Evaluation, Gabriel Dadi, Hala Nassereddine, Farshid Taherpour, Salena Pham

Kentucky Transportation Center Research Report

Many state transportation agencies have introduced safety management systems (SMSs) to improve employee safety and health programs. These systems let employees quickly access safety and health policies, procedures, training, responsibilities, resources, and incident reporting tools, often electronically. Instituting a SMS is a critical step in adopting a proactive, data-driven approach to organizational safety. The Kentucky Transportation Cabinet Secretary’s Office of Safety (SOS) worked with Kentucky Transportation Center (KTC) to acquire, adapt, and rollout the Boosting Occupational Outcomes in Transportation Safety (BOOTS) system, a new SMS. Researchers assisted KYTC by conducting pre-rollout focus groups, helping to bring the system online, providing …

Using Knowledge Of Human Factors To Strengthen Highway Design, Chris Van Dyke, Jeff Jasper, Jill Asher, Steve Waddle

Kentucky Transportation Center Research Report

Transportation practitioners recognize that leveraging knowledge of human factors in road design is critical for delivering safe mobility to the full spectrum of multimodal road users (motorists, pedestrians, micromobility users, transit users). Understanding how psychology, cognition, and behavioral tendencies shape the ways in which different road users interact with one another and the road environment itself is critical for creating design solutions that promote safe and efficient movement. NCHRP Report 600 (Human Factors Guidelines for Road Systems) provides guidance on integrating knowledge of human factors into design practice. While the report is a valuable resource, it appears to …

Sensorless Control Of Low Inductance Coreless Afpm Machines For Fault-Tolerant Operation Of Propulsion Systems, Yaser Chulaee, Ali Mohammadi, Aaron M. Cramer, Dan M. Ionel

Electrical and Computer Engineering Graduate Research

In motor-drive systems utilized in safety-critical applications and demanding conditions like electric aircraft propulsion systems, the reliability of the system is greatly affected by position sensors, given their susceptibility within the motor drive system. Consequently, there is a need to eliminate sensors in vector-controlled motor drives to decrease overall hardware complexity and expenses, bolster the mechanical durability and dependability of the drive system. In this paper, a fault-tolerant sensorless control system for low inductance coreless axial flux PM (AFPM) machines, integrated into electric aircraft propulsion systems, is introduced. The proposed control system spans a wide operating range, from zero to …

Fault-Tolerant Axial Flux Coreless Pm Machines With Independent Phase Modules, Yaser Chulaee, Ali Mohammadi, Dan M. Ionel, Matin Vatani

Electrical and Computer Engineering Graduate Research

In this paper, a fault-tolerant two-phase high power coreless axial flux PM (AFPM) machine with a modular structure is introduced. The performance of this machine, in terms of torque, power density, and efficiency, is compared with its three-phase counterpart configuration based on finite element analysis (FEA) and experimental results. The fault tolerance of these two configurations, considering the control systems, is also compared. A detailed power loss breakdown for the prototype two-phase and three-phase printed circuit board (PCB) stator coreless AFPM machines derived from experiments is presented, showcasing that the introduced fault-tolerant two-phase machine has comparable performance and efficiency, while …

Evaluation Of Ten Alternative Treatments For The Management Of Harlequin Bug (Murgantia Histrionica) On Brassica Crops, Sarah Clark, Ricardo Bessin, David J. Gonthier, Jonathan L. Larson

Entomology Faculty Publications

Harlequin bug (Murgantia histrionica) poses a significant threat to cruciferous vegetable crops, leading to economic losses and challenges in sustainable agriculture. This 2-year field study evaluated the efficacy of exclusion netting and selected biopesticides in controlling harlequin bug populations in a field-grown broccoli crop. Treatments included an untreated control, industry standards Azera and Entrust, and ProtekNet mesh netting. Additionally, three commercial essential oil treatments including Essentria IC-3, Nature-Cide, and Zero Tolerance were tested along with two bokashi fermented composting products BrewKashi and Oriental Herbal Nutrient (OHN). During both the first and second year of the study, none of the commercially …

Snpaimer: R Package For Evaluating Ancestry Informative Marker Contributions In Non-Model Population Diagnostics, Kim L. Vertacnik, Oksana V. Vernygora, Julian R. Dupuis

Entomology Faculty Publications

Motivation: Single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) markers are increasingly popular for population genomics and inferring ancestry for individuals of unknown origin. Because large SNP datasets are impractical for rapid and routine analysis, diagnostics rely on panels of highly informative markers. Strategies exist for selecting these markers, however, resources for efficiently evaluating their performance are limited for non-model systems.

Results: snpAIMeR is a user-friendly R package that evaluates the efficacy of genomic markers for the cluster assignment of unknown individuals. It is intended to help minimize panel size and genotyping effort by determining the informativeness of candidate diagnostic markers. Provided genotype data …

Travel-Time Disparities In Access To Proton Beam Therapy For Cancer Treatment, Todd Burus, Alexander D. Vanhelene, Michael K. Rooney, Krystle A. Lang Kuhs, W. Jay Christian, Christopher Mcnair, Sanjay Mishra, Arnold C. Paulino, Grace L. Smith, Steven J. Frank, Jeremy L. Warner

Markey Cancer Center Faculty Publications

IMPORTANCE Proton beam therapy is an emerging radiotherapy treatment for patients with cancer that may produce similar outcomes as traditional photon-based therapy for many cancers while delivering lower amounts of toxic radiation to surrounding tissue. Geographic proximity to a proton facility is a critical component of ensuring equitable access both for indicated diagnoses and ongoing clinical trials.

OBJECTIVE To characterize the distribution of proton facilities in the US, quantify drive-time access for the population, and investigate the likelihood of long commutes for certain population subgroups.

DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS This population-based cross-sectional study analyzed travel times to proton facilities in …

Paper_Single-Ended (Blind) Directional Wells For Ash Basin Dewatering, David Bardsley, Dan Ombalski, Brian Shinall, Michael Thornbrue

World of Coal Ash Proceedings

SINGLE-ENDED (BLIND) DIRECTIONAL WELLS FOR ASH BASIN DEWATERING Authors Mr. David Bardsley - United States - Ellingson Mr. Dan Ombalski - United States - Ellingson Mr. Brian Shinall - United States - Ellingson Mr. Michael Thornbrue - United States - Atlas Technical Consultants Abstract A power company and their consultant, Atlas Technical Consultants, retained Ellingson-DTD (Ellingson) to install horizontal wells in a partially capped CCR landfill. Ellingson developed and utilized proprietary guidance and well construction technologies to overcome challenges with installing horizontal wells in ash. The technology is based on the ability to navigate casing through a designed curvilinear bore …

Paper_From Farm To Ash- Deploying An Existing Economical Boron Solution To Ccr Groundwater, Ben Amos, Hariprasad Parthasarathy, Paul Wegner, Peter Schratz

World of Coal Ash Proceedings

From Farm to Ash: Deploying an Existing Economical Boron Solution to CCR Groundwater Authors Dr. Ben Amos - United States - Geosyntec Consultants, Inc. Dr. Hariprasad Parthasarathy - United States - Geosyntec Consultants, Inc. Mr. Paul Wegner - United States - Calcon Mr. Peter Schratz - United States - Calcon Abstract Boron is detected frequently at relatively high concentrations at CCR sites. Boron is currently regulated at CCR sites in several states, with the potential for regulation by USEPA at levels that would trigger corrective action. Due to its (geo)chemical properties, boron is not readily amenable to natural attenuation or …

Paper_Using Interim Storage To Better Align Harvesting And Beneficiation Timelines, Ethan Bond

World of Coal Ash Proceedings

With environmental sustainability increasing in priority, a number of beneficiation technologies have entered the market since the Coal Combustion Residuals (CCR) Rule took effect. While beneficiation providers offer an attractive solution to the previously regulated and newly regulated units facing closure, the timelines associated with beneficiation are often less attractive considering the strict regulatory deadlines imposed by the CCR Rule. Incorporating environmentally safe interim storage with traditional harvesting and beneficiation offers a potential solution to maintaining regulatory compliance while allowing for sustainable reuse of CCR. In this presentation we’ll explore considerations when looking at interim storage options, outline the various …

The Domino Effect Of A Pandemic-​ Data Quality Impact To A Full Cycle Qa Program, Amanda Cover, Rock Vitale, Jennifer Gable, Veronica Barredo

World of Coal Ash Proceedings

Data Quality Assessment of a Long Running QA Program – The Domino Effect of a Pandemic Authors Ms. Amanda Cover - United States - Environmental Standards Mr. Rock Vitale - United States - Environmental Standards Ms. Jennifer Gable - United States - Environmental Standards Ms. Veronica Barredo - United States - TVA Abstract Keywords: Quality Assurance, Data Quality It should be no secret that a full-cycle quality assurance (QA) program for Groundwater Monitoring Programs establishes a “well-oiled machine” that results in high quality, legally defensible data sets that can be reliably used to make critical decisions. Under normal conditions, a …

Harvesting And Beneficial Use- Voluntary, Consensus Standard Developed By Astm E50.03, Benjamin Gallagher, Abigail Calmes, William Petruzzi

World of Coal Ash Proceedings

Harvesting and Beneficial Use: Voluntary, Consensus Standard Developed by ASTM E50.03 Authors Mr. Benjamin Gallagher - United States - EPRI Ms. Abigail Calmes - United States - Verdantas Mr. William Petruzzi - United States - Verdantas Abstract ASTM is non-profit organization that develops voluntary, consensus-based standards. ASTM E50.03 subcommittee publishes standards related to beneficial use. The subcommittee’s eight active standards address harvesting of CCPs from landfills and impoundments, beneficial use of CCPs in mine reclamation and structural fills, and beneficial use of impacted lands. This session will provide an overview of active beneficial use standards. The recently published ASTM E3355-23 …

Subtle Geochemical Adjustments In Native Aquifer Soils – In Situ Groundwater Treatment Strategies For Cobalt At Coal Combustion Residual Sites, David Collins, Jim Finley

World of Coal Ash Proceedings

Subtle Geochemical Adjustments in Native Aquifer Soils – In Situ Groundwater Treatment Strategies for Cobalt at Coal Combustion Residual Sites Authors Mr. David Collins - United States - Stantec Mr. Jim Finley - United States - Stantec Abstract Cobalt is frequently observed above the groundwater protection standard (GWPS) downgradient of CCR units. Native aquifer soils have the capacity to influence groundwater geochemistry and play an important role in attenuation of cobalt and other CCR constituents. Geochemical modeling confirmed by bench-scale treatability testing has shown cobalt responds favorably to enhanced attenuation by relatively minor in situ adjustments of geochemical conditions in …

Leveraging Data To Build An Effective Quality Assurance Program, Deanna Aungst, Danielle Coles

World of Coal Ash Proceedings

Leveraging Data to Build an Effective Quality Assurance Program Authors Ms. DEANNA AUNGST - United States - Environmental Standards Ms. Danielle Coles - United States - Environmental Standards Abstract Beyond the standard field measurements and analytical results typically stored in a database or spreadsheet, capturing the data around the delivery, quality, timeliness, and status of that data can enable managers to understand the successes or stumbling points of their programs. Tracking the metadata of each deliverable, as well as each task associated with them, provides a non-biased assessment of how your program is working. Having this information available also allows …

Survey Techniques Used To Monitor Closed Ccr Storage Facilities, Max Cange, Rachel Combs, Steve Shamblin, Jamey Dotson

World of Coal Ash Proceedings

Survey Techniques Used to Monitor Closed CCR Storage Facilities Authors Mr. Max Cange - United States - Geosyntec Consultants, Inc. Mrs. Rachel Combs - United States - TVA Mr. Steve Shamblin - United States - TVA Mr. Jamey Dotson - United States - Geosyntec Consultants, Inc. Abstract Survey techniques can be used to supplement and enhance the effectiveness of more conventional monitoring practices (i.e., visual inspections and instrumentation) for closed CCR storage facilities. The performance of annual surveys of CCR facilities following closure can be used to monitor the integrity and effectiveness of the final cover system and satisfy relevant …

Paper_Long-Term Conductivity Studies Of Low Permeability Concrete Containing Fly Ash, Neal Berke, Ali Inceefe, Kyle Stanish

World of Coal Ash Proceedings

Durability design and service life modeling are increasingly used to demonstrate that concrete structures have a long service life, resisting corrosion. Fly ash is an important mixture component used in the concrete mixture to reduce the permeability of the concrete with time. In service life modeling, there are two ways that the inclusion of fly ash can increase the predicted life – the rate of permeability reduction with time, and the length of time that permeability decreases. The results of a long-term study of concrete conductivity (which is related to permeability) of various low-permeability concrete mixtures designed for use in …

Subsurface Hydraulic Studies And Modeling To Support Injection Treatment And Hydraulic Containment At Impacted Coal Combustion Product (Ccp) Sites, Ali Meyal, Jim Redwine, Alexander Macbeth, Mike Gefell

World of Coal Ash Proceedings

Subsurface Hydraulic Studies and Modeling to Support Injection Treatment and Hydraulic Containment at Impacted Coal Combustion Product (CCP) Sites Authors Dr. Ali Meyal - United States - Anchor QEA Dr. Jim Redwine - United States - Anchor QEA Mr. Alexander Macbeth - United States - Anchor QEA Mr. Mike Gefell - United States - Anchor QEA Mr. Chuck Pippin - United States - Anchor QEA Abstract In situ injection for remediation of CCP constituents in groundwater could save millions of dollars at CCP sites compared to conventional technologies. Hydraulic containment is also a selected remedy at many CCP sites. Anchor …

Integrating The Geochemical Conceptual Site Model And Advanced Statistics Evaluate Remedy Response And Prepare For Adaptive Management, Shannon Zahuranec, Allie Wyman-Feravich, James Jonas, Tom Meuzelaar

World of Coal Ash Proceedings

Integrating the Geochemical Conceptual Site Model and Advanced Statistics to Evaluate Remedy Response and Position for Adaptive Management Authors Ms. Shannon Zahuranec - United States - Life Cycle Geo, LLC Dr. Allie Wyman-Feravich - United States - Life Cycle Geo, LLC Mr. James Jonas - United States - Life Cycle Geo, LLC Dr. Tom Meuzelaar - United States - Life Cycle Geo, LLC Abstract As the utility industry progresses from evaluation of coal combustion residual (CCR) groundwater for corrective action towards implementation of the selected remedy, the focus of monitoring activities shifts from groundwater characterization to remedy performance. A generalized …

Approaches For Low-Impact Groundwater Remediation, Tim Grant, Kathy Webb, Tammy Jett, Bill Miller

World of Coal Ash Proceedings

Approaches for Low-Impact Groundwater Remediation Authors Mr. Tim Grant - United States - SynTerra Corporation Mrs. Kathy Webb - United States - SynTerra Corporation Mrs. Tammy Jett - United States - SynTerra Corporation Mr. Bill Miller - United States - SynTerra Corporation Mr. Bruce Hensel - United States - Electric Power Research Institute Abstract Large-scale groundwater remediation systems can have unintended, negative impacts on the local ecosystem and broader environment. Those impacts could result from greenhouse gas emissions, ecosystem disturbance, and groundwater depletion during remediation system implementation and operation, among others. Low-impact groundwater remediation approaches may provide equivalent or superior …

Ccr Rule​ Utility Perspective ​2024 And Beyond, Harold Register, Daniel Chartier

World of Coal Ash Proceedings

Coal Combustion Residuals Rule: Utility Perspective Looking at 2024 and Beyond Authors Mr. Harold Register - United States - Consumers Energy Mr. Daniel Chartier - United States - Utility Solid Waste Activities Group (USWAG) Abstract Since the federal Coal Combustion Residuals (CCR) rule was first promulgated in April 2015, the self-implementing framework of the rule has undergone numerous changes. Initially, the Water Infrastructure Improvements for the Nation (WIIN) Act was signed into law in December 2016 authorizing the United States Environmental Protection Agency (US EPA) to implement a federal CCR permit program through rulemaking when appropriated, and extending authority to …

Leaching Behaviors Of Constituents From Coal Combustion Residuals, Charles Hostetler, Kacey Garber, Lindsey Hawksworth

World of Coal Ash Proceedings

Leaching Behaviors of Constituents from Coal Combustion Residuals Authors Dr. Charles Hostetler - United States - SCS Engineers Ms. Kacey Garber - United States - SCS Engineers Ms. Lindsey Hawksworth - United States - SCS Engineers Abstract Understanding leaching behaviors of Appendix III and IV constituents from CCR units as a function of time is an important aspect of remedy selection and corrective action design. This is particularly important in regulated or legacy units where CCR removal is not feasible and infiltration or intermittent groundwater contact with CCR has the potential to mobilize constituents into the groundwater system. It is …

Supply Chain Challenges Impacting Ccr Groundwater Monitoring, Jennifer Gable, Rock Vitale, Amanda Cover

World of Coal Ash Proceedings

Supply Chain Challenges Impacting CCR Groundwater Monitoring Authors Ms. Jennifer Gable - United States - Environmental Standards Mr. Rock Vitale - United States - Environmental Standards Ms. Amanda Cover - United States - Environmental Standards Abstract CCR groundwater monitoring programs require thoughtful contracting and management of qualified and accredited laboratories to generate high quality data for a variety of assessment and compliance purposes. The capacity available within the commercial laboratory market has been (and continues to be) severely stressed since the onset of COVID-19. As a result of the pandemic, many qualified laboratory analysts and/or key management and QA personnel …

Successful Practices To Accelerate Pond Closure With Beneficial Reuse Of Ccr, John Gartin, Dearl Tate, Tom Kierspe

World of Coal Ash Proceedings

Successful practices to accelerate pond closure with beneficial reuse of CCR Authors Mr. John Gartin - United States - Tetra Tech EC, Inc. Mr. Dearl Tate - United States - Tetra Tech EC, Inc. Mr. Tom Kierspe - United States - The SEFA Group, LLC Abstract Successful project implementation by the Duke Energy, SEFA Group, and Tetra Tech Team to achieve pond closure with beneficiation at the retired H.F. Lee Plant. Duke Energy is beneficially reusing ash from multiple basins at the site, providing a source of materials that helps cement producers meet their sustainability goals and compliance while ensuring …

Ccr Closure Cost Savings Through Nature-Based Solutions, John Watrous, Josh Running, Amanda Ludlow

World of Coal Ash Proceedings

Nature-based Solutions for CCR Closure Authors Mr. John Watrous - United States - Stantec Mr. Josh Running - United States - Stantec Ms. Amanda Ludlow - United States - Stantec Abstract Employing nature-based solutions (NbS) in CCR Unit closure can substantially reduce construction costs while supporting water treatment and management goals and investing in natural capital improvements. Real-world scenarios of natural capital development opportunities that support attaining carbon, biodiversity, and other environmental, social, and governance (ESG) goals are presented. Closure-by-Removal (CbR) is extremely expensive when compared to Closure-in-Place (CiP). The costs for CbR can be 400-1000% of CiP costs, which …

What The Phudge Is Going On, Alison O'Connor, Allie Wyman-Feravich, Shannon Zahuranec

World of Coal Ash Proceedings

What the pHudge is Going On: Statistical and Geochemical Techniques for pH Alternative Source Demonstrations Authors Dr. Alison O'Connor - United States - Ramboll Dr. Allie Wyman-Feravich - United States - Life Cycle Geo, LLC Ms. Shannon Zahuranec - United States - Life Cycle Geo, LLC Abstract Regulation of wider lists of parameters which may trigger corrective action activities for coal combustion residuals units puts increasing weight on the importance of robust alternative source demonstrations (ASDs). Exceedances of pH, whether above or below a groundwater protection standard range, can be particularly challenging to attribute to alternative sources. We present the …

Paper_Sustainable Construction With Ccps - An Update For Europe -, Fabrice Fayola, Joachim Feuerborn

World of Coal Ash Proceedings

In Europe, the developments towards carbon neutrality by 2050 with impacts on fossil-fired production but also for construction materials and construction are finding it’s way. For fossil-fired energy and heat production this results in increased production by renewables and respectively discontinuous replacement production by coal power plants, and by this in availability issues for Coal Combustion Products (CCPs). For most member states phase-out dates have been published and some countries already phased-out. Although known and used for decades, especially fly ash is subject of increasing interest for the production of carbon-reduced cement and concrete. The CCP production in coal-fired power …

Tricky Constituents- Issues With Leachate And Groundwater Constituents Of Concern, William Kennedy

World of Coal Ash Proceedings

Tricky Constituents – Issues with Leachate and Groundwater Constituents of Concern Authors Mr. William Kennedy - United States - Stantec Abstract Certain parameters in wastewater are more problematic to treat than others. Some constituents of concern such as arsenic and mercury are amenable to chemical precipitation, given the correct conditions. Others such as lithium, boron, and molybdenum are much more problematic – both in terms of cost and complexity. For waters from pump and treat systems that produce discharges to surface waters, it is important to correctly identify the appropriate discharge concentrations. Certain groundwater or leachate constituents of concern do …

Effectiveness Of Various Ccr Unit Closure Strategies, Cole Mayer, Pj Nolan, Mark Haney

World of Coal Ash Proceedings

Power utilities are increasingly challenged by regulatory agencies to implement remediation strategies that are able to anticipate long-term changes to groundwater quality in response to closure activities. However, unanticipated changes to site geochemistry during closure can have unforeseen impacts leading to groundwater impairments caused by leaching of coal combustion residual (CCR) constituents. In some cases, the cessation of recharge flux may even further inhibit the natural rehabilitation of a site by further shifting it from the pre-existing conditions. Here we present an evaluation of multiple closure scenarios where 3-D reactive geochemical modeling was used to evaluate constituent flux and concentration …

Demolition Of The Navajo Generating Station, Sunshine Pryor, Pete Everds, Michael O'Hare

World of Coal Ash Proceedings

Demolition of the Navajo Generating Station Authors Ms. Sunshine Pryor - United States - Tetra Tech EC, Inc. Mr. Pete Everds - United States - Tetra Tech EC, Inc. Mr. Michael O'Hare - United States - Tetra Tech EC, Inc. Abstract Operation of the Navajo Generating Station (NGS), a 2,250 MW coal-fired power plant, in Northern Arizona ceased in 2019 with demolition starting soon after and restoration will be completed in early 2024. Decommissioning, decontamination, demolition and restoration (DDDR) activities included closure of the CCR landfill, closure of evaporation ponds and solid waste landfill, removal and disposal of the overhead …

Improving Testing To Rapidly Identify High-Quality Pozzolanic, Lisa Burris, Prannoy Suraneni, Thomas Robl

World of Coal Ash Proceedings

Improving Testing to Rapidly Identify High Quality Pozzolanic Supplementary Cementitious Materials Authors Dr. Lisa Burris - United States - The Ohio State University Dr. Prannoy Suraneni - United States - University of Miami Dr. Thomas Robl - United States - University of Kentucky Center for Applied Energy Research Abstract Coal ash has a long history of successful use in concrete mixtures as a pozzolanic material. Pozzolanic materials are aluminosiliceous or siliceous materials that participate in additional reactions with cement hydration products that densify the cementitious matrix and bind alkalis, increasing strength and durability of the concrete. However, with the reduction …