Digital Commons Network^™

Brazil’S Role In Global Climate Treaties, Uven Chong

International Program Papers

Since the 1992 United Nations Conference on Environment and Development, Brazil has asserted an influential role in shaping international climate change treaties. The purpose of this paper is to assess Brazil’s contributions in three major climate conferences: 1992 in Rio de Janeiro, 1997 in Kyoto, and 2015 in Paris. Brazil’s negotiating strategy at these conferences reveal two powerful tactics. First, Brazil approached these political events with a view that science and technology were paramount. Second, Brazil successfully injected economic development priorities into environmentally focused negotiations. These two noteworthy tactics have shaped the climate change diplomatic discourse for the past three …

Comparative U.S. And Brazil Subconstiutionalism: A Law And Economics Approach, Joe Lorenzini

International Program Papers

No abstract provided.

How The Legal Rights Of Brazilian Indigenous People Are Inextricable From The Preservation Of Brazil’S Environment, Elizabeth Walsh

International Program Papers

The rights of Brazil’s Indigenous peoples have changed over time. Indigenous tribes went from original landowners, to enslaved people, to people protected by Brazil’s constitution but persistently marginalized. Through it all, Indigenous groups have protected Brazil’s Amazon Rainforest and Atlantic Forest, leading to healthy vegetation, biodiversity, and benefits to the global climate. This paper tracks how the rights of Indigenous groups correlate to the preservation of Brazil’s environment. Specifically, when Indigenous groups have more legally recognized land rights—as is deserved by their history, occupation of the land, and Brazil’s 1988 constitution—not only does the surrounding environment thrive, but also the …

Patent Reform As International Prestige-Seeking: Initial Insights From Brazil, Jack Brake

International Program Papers

No abstract provided.

Rights & Realities Of Self-Determination In Brazil, Starr Gibens

International Program Papers

No abstract provided.

The Abortion Debate: A Comparison Between The Us And Mexican Supreme Courts, Anastasia Shabalov

International Program Papers

No abstract provided.

The Impact Of Affirmative Action Implemented In Brazilian Universities: Increased Racial Self-Identification Among Brazilians, Natalie Isayan

International Program Papers

No abstract provided.

A Guide For United States Firms On Maintaining The Protection And Enforcement Of Trademarks And Copyrights In Mexico, Keyana Banisadre

International Program Papers

Intellectual property (IP) is a critical asset for many businesses. Understanding the laws governing IP is especially important in international markets, where US based businesses may face additional challenges in enforcing their rights. Targeted at business professionals, this paper details how U.S. firms can achieve strong IP protection and reduce risks associated with infringement and unauthorized use in Mexico. First, it will offer a basic overview of Intellectual Property and what may be protected under U.S. law. Then, offer an outline of the legal frameworks involved and best practices essential for safeguarding trademarks and copyrights in the Mexican market, as …

Challenges To Judicial Independence In Mexico, Qiaofeng Li

International Program Papers

No abstract provided.

International Law As A Tool For Reviving, Preserving, And Protecting The Tajik Language In Uzbekistan, Lindsay Saligman

International Program Papers

No abstract provided.

Uzbekistan And The Autocrat’S Parchment Problem, Paul Mapara

International Program Papers

No abstract provided.

Uzbekistan’S Decision: A New National Identity, Kirby Voss

International Program Papers

No abstract provided.

Anti-Corruption Efforts In The Republic Of Uzbekistan, Henry Wineburgh

International Program Papers

No abstract provided.

Annual Report: 2023-2024, Coase-Sandor Institute For Law And Economics

Academic Center Annual Reports

No abstract provided.

Annual Report: 2023-2024, Constitutional Law Institute

Academic Center Annual Reports

No abstract provided.

Annual Report: 2023-2024, Malyi Center For The Study Of Institutional And Legal Integrity

Academic Center Annual Reports

No abstract provided.

Annual Report: 2023-2024, Center On Law And Finance

Academic Center Annual Reports

No abstract provided.

What’S In A Name? Esg Mutual Funds And The Sec’S Names Rule, Jill Fisch, Adriana Robertson

Articles

As investor money flows into environmental, social and governance (“ESG”) mutual funds, regulators have raised growing concerns about greenwashing—specifically that a fund’s name will falsely suggest that the fund invests in companies that meet certain ESG standards. To address these concerns, the Securities & Exchange Commission (“SEC”) proposed amendments to the Investment Company Act (“Names Rule”). The amendments extend the scope of the Names Rule to funds whose names include terms such as ESG, green, or sustainable. If adopted, they will require such funds to invest at least 80% of the value of their assets in companies that meet the …

Discretionary Investing By ‘Passive’ S&P 500 Funds, Adriana Robertson, Peter Molk

Articles

So-called passive index funds—investment funds that are designed to track a prespecified underlying index—have become a dominant force in the investing landscape, collectively controlling over $12 trillion in assets. It is widely assumed that these funds are obligated to follow their underlying index, and that fund managers cannot, or do not, select portfolios that devi- ate from the index’s holdings. As a result, various critics have attacked these funds, raising concerns about their corporate governance incentives and their influence on market efficiency.

We show this assumption is overly simplistic. To do so, we examine funds that track the most prominent …

Administrative Enslavement, Adam Davidson

Articles

No abstract provided.

Tailwiz: Empowering Domain Experts With Easy-To-Use, Task-Specific Natural Language Processing Models, Austin Peters, Tim Daj, Jonah Gelbach, David Freeman, Daniel Khang

Articles

Experts outside the field of machine learning (ML) are interested in using ML techniques to analyze their textual data, but they are inhibited by a lack of convenient natural language processing (NLP) tools. To address this issue, we present tailwiz, an easy-to-use Python tool, powered by supervised fine-tuning of NLP models. tailwiz caters to domain experts by abstracting away technical ML knowledge and running conveniently on personal computers, the preferred mode of computation among domain experts. We show that tailwiz outperforms domain experts’ current textual analysis techniques on a majority of real-world tasks, up to a 384.8% F1 increase (46.18% …

Foreign Affairs, Nondelegation, And The Major Questions Doctrine, Curtis Bradley, Jack Goldsmith

Articles

Some of the Supreme Court Justices and scholars who support a reinvigoration of the nondelegation doctrine would allow for an exception for grants of authority relating to foreign affairs. Others have criticized such an exception as unprincipled or as reflecting improper “foreign affairs exceptionalism.” This Article argues against a foreign affairs exception to the nondelegation doctrine but contends that the doctrine should be applied less strictly when a statutory authorization relates to an area of independent presidential power. The President has more independent power relating to foreign affairs than domestic affairs, so this limitation on the nondelegation doctrine will do …

The Limits Of Diplomacy By Treaty: Evidence From China's Bilateral Investment Treaty Program, Adam Chilton, Weijia Rao

Articles

The web of over 3000 Bilateral Investment Treaties (“BITs”) is the primary body of international law regulating cross-border investments. Research suggests that these treaties may have had a limited impact on promoting new investments, but that they still may have helped to improve countries’ political relationships. In this paper, we document that this pattern was reversed for one of the most prolific signers of BITs: China. Using a stacked-event research design, we find that Chinese BITs are associated with an increase in Bilateral Foreign Direct Investment Flows but a divergence in voting patterns at the United Nations. We then explore …

The Warren Court V. The Roberts Court, Geoffrey Stone

Articles

No abstract provided.

What Brown Taught Us About The Constitution, David Strauss

Articles

No abstract provided.

Falsely Shouting Fire, Genevieve Lakier, Evelyn Douek

Articles

Research on legal diffusion typically focuses on laws’ initial adoption and ignores their later evolution. We develop a typology of three subsequent diffusion patterns: convergence, when countries revise laws to move closer to leading regulators; customization, when countries revise laws to move away from leading regulators; and stagnation, when countries cease legislating, leaving initially adopted laws in place. We then propose a general theory suggesting that economic size and geographic distance from leading regulators predict which of the three patterns countries follow. We explore this theory with case studies on the dynamic diffusion of antitrust laws in Russia, Colombia, and …

Structural Logics Of Presidential Disqualification: An Essay On Trump V. Anderson, Aziz Huq

Articles

No abstract provided.

Opening Dialogue, Lee Bollinger, Geoffrey Stone

Articles

No abstract provided.

Courts As Constitutional Rule-Makers For Elections And Parties: Some Comparative Evidence, Aziz Huq

Book Sections

No abstract provided.

The Necessary And Proper Stewardship Of Judicial Data, Aziz Huq, Zachary Clopton

Articles

Governments and commercial firms create profit and social gain by exploiting large pools of data. One source of valuable data, however, lies in public hands yet remains largely untapped. While the deep reservoirs of data produced by Congress and federal agencies have long been available for public use, the data produced by the federal judiciary is only loosely regulated, imperfectly available to the public at large, and largely ignored by scholars.

The ordinary process of litigation in federal courts generates an enormous volume of data. Especially after recent developments in large language models, this data holds immense potential. It can …