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Articles 1891 - 1920 of 14426

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From A Territorial To A State Judiciary: Florida's Antebellum Courts And Judges, James M. Denham Mar 2022

From A Territorial To A State Judiciary: Florida's Antebellum Courts And Judges, James M. Denham

Florida Historical Quarterly

When the United States received Florida from Spain in 1821, one of the most obvious tools of instituting federal authority was the establishment of the American system of jurisprudence on the Florida frontier. Soon plans were under way to establish courts. During its territorial period (1821-1845) the national government in Washington provided Florida with its judicial officers. Presidents Monroe, Adams, Jackson, Van Buren, Harrison, Tyler, and Polk served in the White House and each appointed federal judges, district attorneys, and marshals for the judicial districts. In 1822 Congress divided the territory at the Suwannee River into two judicial districts. Superior …


Aid Societies Were Not Alike: Northern Teachers In Post-Civil War Florida, John T. Foster, Jr. Mar 2022

Aid Societies Were Not Alike: Northern Teachers In Post-Civil War Florida, John T. Foster, Jr.

Florida Historical Quarterly

Northern teachers in the South during the Civil War and Reconstruction have been the subject of various studies.1 This literature emphasizes the origins and development of the aid societies that sponsored the teachers, and it focuses upon major figures who shaped educational policy. At the same time, little attention details the activities of early northern teachers in Florida within the context of developments in other places. Florida’s experience varies from other parts of the South, and it offers, by contrast, a fresh perspective on the regional experience. Ansel Eddy Kinne’s career provides an opportunity for understanding aid societies. From early …


Book Reviews, Florida Historical Society Mar 2022

Book Reviews, Florida Historical Society

Florida Historical Quarterly

PREHISTORIC PEOPLES OF SOUTH FLORIDA, by William E. McGoun, reviewed by Randolph J. Widmer; JUAN PONCE DE LEÓ N, KING FERDINAND, AND THE FOUNTAIN OF YOUTH, by Anthony Q. Devereux, reviewed by William F. Keegan; ARROWHEADS AND SPEAR POINTS IN THE PREHISTORIC SOUTHEAST: A GUIDE TO UNDERSTANDING CULTURAL ARTIFACTS, by Linda Crawford Culberson, reviewed by Robert J. Austin; To THE GOLDEN CITIES: PURSUING THE AMERICAN JEWISH DREAM IN MIAMI AND L.A., by Deborah Dash Moore, reviewed by Stephen J. Whitfield; LETTERS OF DELEGATES TO CONGRESS, 1774-1789: VOLUME 20, MARCH 13-SEPTEMBER 30, 1783, edited by Paul H. Smith, Gerald W. Gawalt, …


Ringing Up A School: Mary Mcleod Bethune's Impact On Daytona, Audrey Thomas Mccluskey Mar 2022

Ringing Up A School: Mary Mcleod Bethune's Impact On Daytona, Audrey Thomas Mccluskey

Florida Historical Quarterly

The limited scholarly attention given to Mary McLeod Bethune has focused either on her pioneering efforts to integrate the federal bureaucracy during the presidency of Franklin Delano Roosevelt or on her equally trailblazing work in the black women’s club movement.1 To be sure, historians have recognized Bethune as one of this country’s most important educators, but this critical aspect of her career remains imperfectly understood. This is especially true of the school that she founded for women in 1904, which became the coeducational liberal arts institution Bethune-Cookman College.


Book Reviews, Florida Historical Society Mar 2022

Book Reviews, Florida Historical Society

Florida Historical Quarterly

THE DE SOTO CHRONICLES: THE EXPEDITION OF HERNANDO DE SOTO TO NORTH AMERICA IN 1539-1543, 2 volumes, edited by Lawrence A. Clayton, Vernon James Knight, Jr., and Edward C. Moore, reviewed by Marvin T. Smith; LOOKING FOR DESOTO: A SEARCH THROUGH THE SOUTH FOR THE SPANIARD’s TRAIL, by Joyce Rockwood Hudson, reviewed by John F. Scarry; THE SPANISH MISSIONS OF LA FLORIDA, edited by Bonnie G. McEwan, reviewed by John L. Kessell; THE CREEK, by J. T. Glisson, reviewed by Kathryn Hall Proby; RINGLING: THE FLORIDA YEARS, 1911-1936, by David C. Weeks, reviewed by Janet Snyder Matthews; FARM SECUIUTY ADMINISTRATION …


Women And War: St. Petersburg Women During World War Ii, Ellen J. Babb Mar 2022

Women And War: St. Petersburg Women During World War Ii, Ellen J. Babb

Florida Historical Quarterly

During World War II, government agencies and private businesses recruited millions of American women for employment in wartime industries and in other nontraditional fields when the nation’s young men left for war. Government propaganda, national periodicals, and local newspapers worked in unison to promote female employment, and popular songs like “Rosie the Riveter” inspired allegiance on the home front. In a radical departure from previously sanctioned public behavior, older, married women— many with children— entered the country’s labor force en masse. Even though millions of women stepped well beyond previously accepted boundaries of home and “women’s sphere” during World War …


Book Reviews, Florida Historical Society Mar 2022

Book Reviews, Florida Historical Society

Florida Historical Quarterly

BERRY BENSON'S CIVIL WAR BOOK: MEMOIRS OF A CONFEDERATE SCOUT AND SHARPSHOOTER, edited by Susan Williams Benson, SOLDIERING IN THE ARMY OF TENNESSEE: A PORTRAIT OF LIFE IN A CONFEDERATE ARMY, by Larry J. Daniel, reviewed by Stephen D. Engle; THIS WAR SO HORRIBLE : THE CIVIL WAR DIARY OF HIRAM SMITH WILLIAMS, edited by Lewis N. Wynne and Robert Taylor, reviewed by Stephen D. Engle; ISABEL THE QUEEN: LIFE AND TIMES, by Peggy Liss, reviewed by Eugene Lyon; PONCE DE LEÓ N AND THE DISCOVERY OF FLORIDA: THE MAN, THE MYTH, AND THE TRUTH, by Douglas T. Peck, reviewed …


Hard Times, Hard Liquor, And Hard Luck: Selective Enforcement Of Prohibition In North Florida, 1928-1933, John J. Guthrie, Jr. Mar 2022

Hard Times, Hard Liquor, And Hard Luck: Selective Enforcement Of Prohibition In North Florida, 1928-1933, John J. Guthrie, Jr.

Florida Historical Quarterly

A recent body of scholarly literature has extensively studied moonshining and the enforcement of federal liquor laws.1 Focusing mainly on the post-Reconstruction mountain South, historians have portrayed moonshiners as traditionalists who resisted federal liquor laws in order to “preserve a way of life that was being threatened by the centralizing forces then shaping America.“2 In one encompassing study, for example, Wilbur R. Miller raised the question: “What are the conditions under which unpopular laws can be enforced, and what are the limits of their enforcement?” After investigating this matter, Miller found that the universal hostility of Democratic state officials to …


Where Palm And Pine Are Blowing: Convict Labor In The North Florida Turpentine Industry, 1877-1923, Jeffrey A. Drobney Mar 2022

Where Palm And Pine Are Blowing: Convict Labor In The North Florida Turpentine Industry, 1877-1923, Jeffrey A. Drobney

Florida Historical Quarterly

In 1912 journalist Marc Goodnow visited the pine forests of north Florida seeking information for an article he was writing on the turpentine industry. Goodnow’s findings, which appeared in an exposé entitled “Turpentine: Impressions of the Convicts’ Camps of Florida,” shocked the nation. In the article Goodnow described how he stood in horror and watched as a black convict was forced to be a “runner” in a deadly game of hide and seek. In this weekly occurrence, which trained camp dogs to track down escaped convicts, the man was given a five-minute head start and then required to lead the …


Book Reviews, Florida Historical Society Mar 2022

Book Reviews, Florida Historical Society

Florida Historical Quarterly

THE SPANISH FRONTIER IN NORTH AMERICA, by David J. Weber, reviewed by Jerald T. Milanich; THE PEOPLE WHO DISCOVERED COLUMBUS : THE PREHISTORY OF THE BAHAMAS, by William F. Keegan, reviewed by John F. Scarry; FRANCISCO BOULIGNY: A BOURBON SOLDIER IN SPANISH LOUISIANA, by Gilbert C. Din, reviewed by William S. Coker; CALUMET & FLEUR-DE-LYS: ARCHAEOLOGY OF INDIAN AND FRENCH CONTACT IN THE MIDCONTINENT, edited by John A. Walthall and Thomas E. Emerson, reviewed by Bennie C. Keel; THE DEVELOPMENT OF SOUTHEASTERN ARCHAEOLOGY, edited by Jay K. Johnson, reviewed by Judith A. Bense; THE PAPERS OF HENRY CLAY: SUPPLEMENT, 1793-1852, …


Book Reviews, Florida Historical Society Mar 2022

Book Reviews, Florida Historical Society

Florida Historical Quarterly

FLORIDA: A SHORT HISTORY, by Michael Gannon, reviewed by Paul S. George; ATLAS OF FLORIDA, edited by Edward A. Fernald and Elizabeth Purdum, reviewed by John R. Dunkle; HERNANDO DE SOTO AND THE INDIANS OF FLORIDA, by Jerald T. Milanich and Charles Hudson, reviewed by Ignacio Avellaneda; MISSIONS TO THE CALUSA, edited and translated by John H. Hann, reviewed by Robert A. Matter; CULTURE AND ENVIRONMENT IN THE DOMAIN OF THE CALUSA, edited by William H. Marquardt, reviewed by Brent R. Weisman; COLUMBUS WAS LAST: FROM 200,000 B.C. TO 1492, A HERETICAL HISTORY OF WHO WAS FIRST, by Patrick Huyghe, …


From Camp Hill To Harvard Yard: The Early Years Of Claude D. Pepper, Ric A. Kabat Mar 2022

From Camp Hill To Harvard Yard: The Early Years Of Claude D. Pepper, Ric A. Kabat

Florida Historical Quarterly

Claude D. Pepper was born into economically deprived and socially humble circumstances on September 8, 1900, in Chambers County, Alabama. He grew up acquiring the traditional values of hard work, delayed gratification, Christian moral teachings, and, most importantly, a belief in cooperation and communitarian responsibility. These ethical standards shaped his personal life and propelled him into one of the most longstanding and productive political careers in American history. Together with contemporary liberal politicians from the South, such as Alabama congressman Carl Elliott, Senator and later Supreme Court Justice Hugo Black, Senator John J. Sparkman, Senator J. William Fulbright, and Lyndon …


Book Reviews, Florida Historical Society Mar 2022

Book Reviews, Florida Historical Society

Florida Historical Quarterly

FLORIDA IN THE XVITH CENTURY, DISCOVERY AND CONQUEST, by María Antonia Sáinz, reviewed by Paul E. Hoffman; PIRATES AND PRIVATEERS OF THE CARIBBEAN, by Jenifer Marx, reviewed by Light Townsend Cummins; THE BUSINESS OF MAY NEXT: JAMES MADISON AND THE FOUNDING, by William Lee Miller, reviewed by Aubrey C. Land; LETTERS OF DELEGATES TO CONGRESS, 1774-1789: VOLUME 19, AUGUST 1, 1782-MARCH 11, 1783, edited by Paul H. Smith, Gerald W. Gawalt, and Ronald M. Gephart, reviewed by Robert M. Calhoon; AFRICANS IN COLONIAL LOUISIANA: THE DEVELOPMENT OF AFRO-CREOLE CULTURE IN THE EIGHTEENTH CENTURY, by Gwendolyn Midlo Hall, reviewed by Gilbert …


Florida History In Periodicals, Florida Historical Society Mar 2022

Florida History In Periodicals, Florida Historical Society

Florida Historical Quarterly

This selected bibliography includes scholarly articles in the field of Florida history, archaeology, geography, political science, and anthropology published in state, regional, and national periodicals in 1992. Articles, notes, and documents that have appeared in the Florida Historical Quarterly are not included in this listing since they appear in the annual index of each volume. The present listing also includes articles appearing in journals not published on schedule and that were not in the list printed in the July 1992 issue of the Quarterly.


William Tecumseh Sherman's Introduction To War, 1840-1842: Lesson For Action, Jane F. Lancaster Mar 2022

William Tecumseh Sherman's Introduction To War, 1840-1842: Lesson For Action, Jane F. Lancaster

Florida Historical Quarterly

William Tecumseh Sherman graduated from the United States Military Academy at West Point on July 1, 1840, while the United States Army was fighting the Second Seminole War. About three months later this young second lieutenant, an Ohio native, received his first assignment as an officer, and joined the Third Artillery in Florida. Sherman spent the next seventeen months serving at three posts— Fort Pierce, Fort Lauderdale, and Picolata— from which he scouted swamps to find elusive Indians, led an expedition to bring in Coacoochee (Wild Cat)— one of the most colorful Seminole leaders— and commanded a supply depot. By …


The Florida Seminole Land Claims Case, 1950-1990, Harry A. Kersey, Jr. Mar 2022

The Florida Seminole Land Claims Case, 1950-1990, Harry A. Kersey, Jr.

Florida Historical Quarterly

Long before the Florida Seminoles received federal recognition as a tribe in 1957 under the Indian Reorganization Act, they had become engaged in the defense of inherent tribal rights. Two major legal cases— one involving compensation for Seminole lands taken prior to the Second Seminole War and the other having to do with Seminole water rights on the Florida reservations during this century— had their origins in the 1950s before tribal government was established and functioning.1 In both instances congressional action finally resolved the issue in favor of the Seminoles. The much heralded Land Claims Case deserves special attention because …


Episode 20: Terry Mohajir:The Role Of Athletics In Higher Ed, University Of Central Florida Mar 2022

Episode 20: Terry Mohajir:The Role Of Athletics In Higher Ed, University Of Central Florida

Knights Do That Podcast Transcripts

In episode 20 — the fifth of season two of Knights Do That — we speak with Terry Mohajir, UCF Athletics Director. He shares how college athletics plays a role in higher education, from student experiences to the roles that faculty, staff, alumni and fans play in creating an engaged culture.


Index To Volume Lxxi, Florida Historical Society Mar 2022

Index To Volume Lxxi, Florida Historical Society

Florida Historical Quarterly

No abstract provided.


Joseph L. Wiley: A Black Florida Educator, Joe M. Richardson Mar 2022

Joseph L. Wiley: A Black Florida Educator, Joe M. Richardson

Florida Historical Quarterly

"What has become of Prof. Wiley," asked the Ocala Evening Star on September 6, 1915.1 Joseph L. Wiley, longtime principal of Fessenden Academy at Martin, had mysteriously disappeared on July 1 while in Ocala to attend a movie. He had parked his car on West Broadway and walked to the Temple Theater downtown. The next morning his car was still there, but Wiley was never seen again. His financial affairs were in order, he had drawn no money from the bank, and his family and possessions remained behind. Rumors abounded as to his whereabouts. Many local blacks believed that he …


Florida's Fudged Identity, Stephen J. Whitfield Mar 2022

Florida's Fudged Identity, Stephen J. Whitfield

Florida Historical Quarterly

"No symbols where none intended," the warning that Samuel Beckett issued near the end of his second novel, would drive American Studies professors out of business and push them into an occupation of greater social benefit.1 For it is the point of this essay to find some inadvertent symbols and to discern iconographic significance in the history of a state. Florida should make an especially promising subject because of its mythic status, tapping into the nation’s definition of itself. Its saga appears to be more than a combination of geographic constraints and political boundaries and economic developments and demographic patterns. …


Book Reviews, Florida Historical Society Mar 2022

Book Reviews, Florida Historical Society

Florida Historical Quarterly

EXCAVATIONS ON THE FRANCISCAN FRONTIER: ARCHAEOLOGY AT THE FIG SPRINGS MISSION, by Brent Richards Weisman, reviewed by Rochelle A. Marrinan; THE FRENCH THORN: RIVAL EXPLORERS IN THE SPANISH SEA, 1682-1762, by Robert S. Weddle, reviewed by Light Townsend Cummins; LACHLAN MCGILLIVRAY, INDIAN TRADER: THE SHAPING OF THE SOUTHERN COLONIAL FRONTIER, by Edward J. Cashin, reviewed by Robin F. A. Fabel; THE PAPERS OF JOHN C. CALHOUN, VOLUME XX: OCTOBER -DECEMBER 1844, edited by Clyde N. Wilson, reviewed by Herbert J. Doherty; A FAMILY VENTURE: MEN AND WOMEN ON THE SOUTHERN FRONTIER, by Joan E. Cashin, reviewed by Janet Allured; ATLANTIC …


Philadelphia Story: Florida Gives William Bartram A Second Chance, Charlotte M. Porter Mar 2022

Philadelphia Story: Florida Gives William Bartram A Second Chance, Charlotte M. Porter

Florida Historical Quarterly

William Bartram’s book, Travels Through North & South Carolina, Georgia, East & West Florida . . ., published in 1791, presented the most “consistent aesthetic theory produced in America up to his day.“ 1 Two hundred years later, appreciation of this complex work requires an understanding of the author’s intellectual growth, for the Travels is both a volume of natural history and autobiography.


Title Page, Florida Historical Society Mar 2022

Title Page, Florida Historical Society

Florida Historical Quarterly

Title page for Volume 71, Number 3. Includes the Table of Contents


Chloe Merrick Reed: Freedom's First Lady, Sarah Whitmer Foster Mar 2022

Chloe Merrick Reed: Freedom's First Lady, Sarah Whitmer Foster

Florida Historical Quarterly

During the past three decades Florida’s Civil War and Reconstruction-era history has been the subject of careful reconsideration. Beginning with the 1963 publication of John E. Johns’s Florida During the Civil War and continuing with Joe M. Richardson’s The Negro in the Reconstruction of Florida, 1865-1877 and Jerrell H. Shofner’s Nor Is It Over Yet: Florida in the Era of Reconstruction, 1863-1877, the complexities of the period have been vividly revealed.1 New and far more positive perspectives upon the lives and careers of black leaders, carpetbaggers, and southern loyalists can be credited among the results of this revisionist scholarship.


Book Reviews, Florida Historical Society Mar 2022

Book Reviews, Florida Historical Society

Florida Historical Quarterly

AMERICA’S ANCIENT CITY, SPANISH ST. AUGUSTINE, 1565-1763, edited with an introduction by Kathleen A. Deagan, reviewed by Susan R. Parker; JACKSONVILLE: RIVERPORT-SEAPORT, by George E. Buker, reviewed by James B. Crooks; SEMINOLE ARCHAEOLOGICAL AND HISTORICAL SURVEY, PHASE I: NORTHERN BIG CYPRESS, by Robert Carr and Patsy West, reviewed by John W. Griffin; SHIPWRECK AND ADVENTURES OF MONSIEUR PIERRE VIAUD, translated and edited by Robin F. A. Fabel, reviewed by Light Townsend Cummins; INSEPARABLE LOYALTY: A BIOGRAPHY OF WILLIAM BULL, by Geraldine M. Meroney, reviewed by Phinizy Spalding; THE PAPERS OF HENRY LAURENS, VOLUME ELEVEN: JANUARY 5, 1776-NOVEMBER 1, 1777, edited …


Book Reviews, Florida Historical Society Mar 2022

Book Reviews, Florida Historical Society

Florida Historical Quarterly

THE FLORIDA READER: VISIONS OF PARADISE FROM 1530 TO THE PRESENT, edited by Maurice O’Sullivan, Jr., and Jack C. Lane, reviewed by Marjory Bartlett Sanger; PLANT'S PALACE: HENRY PLANT AND THE TAMPA BAY HOTEL, by James W. Covington and Tommy L. Thompson, reviewed by Thomas Graham; SPEAKING OF FLORIDA, by William Pohl and John Ames, reviewed by Stuart McIver; A COLLEGE TELLS ITS STORY: AN ORAL HISTORY OF FLORIDA COMMUNITY COLLEGE AT JACKSONVILLE, 1963-1991, by Robert B. Gentry, reviewed by George Hallam; CONCHTOWN USA: BAHAMIAN FISHERFOLK IN RIVIERA BEACH, FLORIDA, by Charles C. Foster, reviewed by Thelma Peters; GOVERNMENT AND …


Unpretending Service: The James L. Davis, The Tahoma, And The East Gulf Blockading Squadron, David J. Coles Mar 2022

Unpretending Service: The James L. Davis, The Tahoma, And The East Gulf Blockading Squadron, David J. Coles

Florida Historical Quarterly

The United States Navy’s primary mission during the Civil War was to blockade the Confederate coastline. To accomplish this, the North Atlantic, South Atlantic, East Gulf, and West Gulf Blockading Squadrons were established.1 Perhaps the least known of these was the East Gulf Blockading Squadron (EGBS), which was created January 20, 1862, and began independent operations a month later on February 22. Charged with responsibility for the blockade of the Florida peninsula from Cape Canaveral on the Atlantic coast to St. Andrew Bay in the Gulf of Mexico, the EGBS operated for three and one-half years. During that time, the …


Free Speech At The University Of Florida: The Enoch Marvin Banks Case, Fred Arthur Bailey Mar 2022

Free Speech At The University Of Florida: The Enoch Marvin Banks Case, Fred Arthur Bailey

Florida Historical Quarterly

At the November 1911 meeting of the United Daughters of the Confederacy in Richmond, Virginia, reports by state division presidents constituted an important ritual. The women drew strength from each successful membership drive, monument raised, child educated, and aging veteran comforted— all to the greater glory of their southern heritage. Among the honored speakers was Florida’s Sister Esther Carlotta. She graciously credited accomplishments in her state to her organization’s enthusiastic and patriotic membership.1 Only once did she call attention to her own efforts. Representing her state division, she had personally “protested against the retention in the Chair of History,” at …


History News, Florida Historical Society Mar 2022

History News, Florida Historical Society

Florida Historical Quarterly

Annual Meeting, Journeys for the Junior Historian, National Register of Historic Places, Little White House Museum, Meetings, Museums, Grants and Prizes, Announcements and Activities, Obituary


Review Essay: Osceola: The White Man's Indian, Theda Perdue Mar 2022

Review Essay: Osceola: The White Man's Indian, Theda Perdue

Florida Historical Quarterly

Patricia R. Wickman’s study of Osceola is not a typical biography. She outlines the major events in the life of Osceola, but her focus is primarily on Osceolana— that is, the artifacts associated with the hero of the Seminoles’ struggle to remain in their homeland. She attempts to separate the genuine accounts of his life and accurate visual representations of him from those that are derivative, and she authenticates some personal belongings while casting considerable doubt on others. Her narrative reads like a detective story. Like all detective work, some of her investigation is technical and dull, while other parts …