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Articles 1921 - 1950 of 14426

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William Bartram's Travels In The Indian Nations, Charlotte M. Porter Mar 2022

William Bartram's Travels In The Indian Nations, Charlotte M. Porter

Florida Historical Quarterly

In 1773, the famous American naturalist William Bartram returned to the southeast portion of what is now the United States. The region was a more dangerous place than he realized. American “patriots” from Georgia were making troublesome border raids into East Florida. Many of the English plantations were owned in absentia, and the lives of the resident managers were, as Bartram knew from personal experience, isolated. Indian groups far outnumbered white residents in the Floridas, and they were becoming increasingly hostile. With an estimated 4,500 warriors, the Lower Creeks seriously impeded any colonial presence in the East Florida interior. In …


Tampa's James Mckay And The Frustration Of Confederate Cattle-Supply Operations In South Florida, Canter Brown, Jr. Mar 2022

Tampa's James Mckay And The Frustration Of Confederate Cattle-Supply Operations In South Florida, Canter Brown, Jr.

Florida Historical Quarterly

By the summer of 1863, the availability of beef and other provisions from Florida was crucial to Confederate forces east of the Mississippi. The fall of Vicksburg in July had barred access to western beef, and food stocks in the East were nearly depleted. In October, the situation was so critical that one Army of Tennessee supply officer pleaded with Florida’s commissary agent: “I cannot too strongly urge upon you the necessity, yes, the urgency, of sending forward cattle promptly. It appears that all other resources are exhausted.” The following day he added, “I assure you that nearly all now …


Book Reviews, Florida Historical Society Mar 2022

Book Reviews, Florida Historical Society

Florida Historical Quarterly

Pearl City, Florida: A Black Community Remembers, by Arthur S. Evans and David Lee, reviewed by Daniel T. Hobby; The Conquest of Paradise: Christopher Columbus and the Columbian Legacy, by Kirkpatrick Sale, reviewed by Michael Gannon; The Oligarchs in Colonial and Revolutionary Charleston: Lieutenant Governor William Bull and His Family, by Kinlock Bull, Jr., reviewed by Don Higginbotham; The Final Campaign of the American Revolution: Rise and Fall of the Spanish Bahamas, by James A. Lewis, reviewed by Robert R. Rea; Letters of Delegates to Congress, 1774-1789: Volume 17, March 1 - August 31, 1781, edited by Paul H. Smith, …


A New Englander On The Indian River Frontier: Caleb Lyndon Brayton And The View From Brayton's Bluff, Edward Caleb Coker Mar 2022

A New Englander On The Indian River Frontier: Caleb Lyndon Brayton And The View From Brayton's Bluff, Edward Caleb Coker

Florida Historical Quarterly

In July 1844, from atop a high bluff overlooking the Indian River in St. Lucie County, Caleb Lyndon Brayton commenced an affectionate correspondence to his wife which continued until his death from tuberculosis ten years later.1 Lyndon had come to Florida to improve his health and seek his fortune. His pregnant wife, Marian, and his young son, Thomas Lyndon, remained behind in Augusta, Georgia, waiting for him to become estabished on the Florida frontier. Brayton, a native of Rhode Island, began his career as a merchant in Fall River, Massachusetts. The onset of tuberculosis prompted a move to the warmer …


The Last Shall Be First: Northern Methodists In Reconstruction Jacksonville, John T. Foster, Jr. Mar 2022

The Last Shall Be First: Northern Methodists In Reconstruction Jacksonville, John T. Foster, Jr.

Florida Historical Quarterly

During Reconstruction, many northern men and women contributed to Florida’s social, political, and economic life. Their efforts— and those of the northern institutions and organizations that supported them— provided immediate assistance to the needy and resulted, as well, in the establishment of churches, schools, and other institutions that endured the test of time. Nonetheless, most Floridians have gained only a one-dimensional understanding of the contributions of Northerners during Reconstruction, usually through the highly critical eyes of historians such as William Watson Davis. Of them, Davis, a disciple of Columbia University’s Dunning School of Reconstruction historiography, wrote: “The failure of the …


Annual Meeting, Florida Historical Society Mar 2022

Annual Meeting, Florida Historical Society

Florida Historical Quarterly

Proceedings of the Eighty-ninth Meeting of the Florida Historical Society and Florida Historical Confederation Workshops 1991


Review Essay:An "African Prince, Majestic In His Wrath": William S. Mcfeely's Biography Of Frederick Douglass, Willard B. Gatewood Mar 2022

Review Essay:An "African Prince, Majestic In His Wrath": William S. Mcfeely's Biography Of Frederick Douglass, Willard B. Gatewood

Florida Historical Quarterly

On the evening of August 16, 1841, a large crowd gathered in the port city of Nantucket, Massachusetts, to attend an important anti-slavery meeting. Those unable to find places on the floor of the spacious square building known as the Big Shop filled the lofts; some even sat on the rafters. Those stranded on the outside of the building observed the proceedings through its windows. Among the abolitionist luminaries in attendance were William Lloyd Garrison, Wendell Phillips, Parker Pillsbury, and assorted members of the famous Coffin family. Also present was a runaway slave from Maryland’s Eastern Shore whom William C. …


Florida's Confederate Guerrillas: John W. Pearson And The Oklawaha Rangers, Zack C. Waters Mar 2022

Florida's Confederate Guerrillas: John W. Pearson And The Oklawaha Rangers, Zack C. Waters

Florida Historical Quarterly

Secession and the approach of hostilities in 1861 found Florida unprepared for civil war. The state’s militia had disintegrated at the end of the Third Seminole War in 1858, and the attempts of Governor Madison Starke Perry to remedy its disorganized condition proved ineffectual. Perry warned Floridians that the political situation called for military preparedness, but his pleas led to little improvement. An 1859 report indicated that the state possessed only one battery of light artillery and fewer than 1,000 muskets and rifles, including more than 250 antiquated flint and steel muskets.


Florida History In Periodicals, Florida Historical Society Mar 2022

Florida History In Periodicals, Florida Historical Society

Florida Historical Quarterly

This selected bibliography includes scholarly articles in the field of Florida history, archaeology, geography, and anthropology published in state, regional, and national periodicals in 1990. Articles, notes, and documents that have appeared in the Florida Historical Quarterly are not included in this listing since they appear in the annual index of each volume. The present listing also includes articles appearing in journals not published on schedule and that were not in the list printed in the July 1990 issue of the Quarterly.


Book Reviews, Florida Historical Society Mar 2022

Book Reviews, Florida Historical Society

Florida Historical Quarterly

FLORIDA Cow HUNTER: THE LIFE AND TIMES OF BONE MIZELL, by Jim Bob Tinsley, reviewed by Kyle S. VanLandingham; COLUMBIAN CONSEQUENCES, VOLUME 2: ARCHAEOLOGICAL AND HISTORICAL PERSPECTIVES ON THE SPANISH BORDERLANDS EAST, edited by David Hurst Thomas, reviewed by Paul E. Hoffman; INDIAN-RELIGIOUS RELATIONS IN COLONIAL SPANISH AMERICA, edited by Susan E. Ramirez, reviewed by Rebecca Saunders; LETTERS OF DELEGATES TO CONGRESS, 1774-1789, VOLUME 16: SEPTEMBER 1, 1780-FEBRUARY 28, 1781, edited by Paul H. Smith, reviewed by Robert M. Calhoon; FRONTIERS IN CONFLICT: THE OLD SOUTHWEST, 1795-1830, by Thomas D. Clark and John D. W. Guice, reviewed by Gilbert C. …


Review Essay: A River Of Peace? The South Florida Frontier In The Nineteenth Century, Gary R. Mormino Mar 2022

Review Essay: A River Of Peace? The South Florida Frontier In The Nineteenth Century, Gary R. Mormino

Florida Historical Quarterly

Napoleon Bonaparte, a mover and shaper of national boundaries, once insisted that Italy was too long to be a country. Might not reasonable people arrive at the same conclusion about another peninsula, namely, that Florida is too long to be a state?


Slavery And The Political Economy Of Gadsden County, Florida: 1823-1861, Larry E. Rivers Mar 2022

Slavery And The Political Economy Of Gadsden County, Florida: 1823-1861, Larry E. Rivers

Florida Historical Quarterly

On the eve of secession in January 1861, Gadsden County was one of Florida’s wealthiest political subdivisions. It and its four neighboring counties contained almost 42 percent of the state’s property when measured by value.1 Gadsden’s $6,714,880 in assets constituted somewhat more than 8 percent of the state’s total, even though the county contained less than 1 percent of Florida’s land and 6.7 percent of its population.2 The county’s per capita wealth of $1,684.19 nearly tripled the state average.


Book Reviews, Florida Historical Society Mar 2022

Book Reviews, Florida Historical Society

Florida Historical Quarterly

LOS SOBREVIVIENTES DE LA FLORIDA: THE SURVIVORS OF THE DE SOTO EXPEDITION, by Ignacio Avellaneda, reviewed by Marvin T. Smith; CHARLES H. JONES, JOURNALIST AND POLITICIAN OF THE GILDED AGE, by Thomas Graham, reviewed by James B. Crooks; FLORIDA PORTRAIT: A PICTORIAL HISTORY OF FLORIDA, by Jerrell Shofner, reviewed by William M. Goza; THRILLS, CHILLS,& SPILLS - A PHOTOGRAPHIC HISTORY OF EARLY AVIATION ON THE WORLD'S MOST BIZARRE AIRPORT - THE BEACH AT DAYTONA BEACH, FLORIDA, by Dick and Yvonne Punnett, reviewed by John P. Ingle, Jr.; FLORIDA LIGHTHOUSES, by Kevin M. McCarthy, GREAT AMERICAN LIGHTHOUSES, by F. Ross Holland, …


"The Fox Goes To France": Florida, Secret Codes, And The Election Of 1876, James C. Clark Mar 2022

"The Fox Goes To France": Florida, Secret Codes, And The Election Of 1876, James C. Clark

Florida Historical Quarterly

Samuel J. Tilden’s defeat in the 1876 presidential election has long been the subject for contention and discussion. While many of the causes have received attention, the role played by the secret telegrams between New York and Florida has been overlooked. Confusion over the codes utilized for the telegrams prevented Tilden’s operatives in Florida from purchasing the vote of a key state official. Had the attempt succeeded, the state’s four electoral votes might have been awarded to Tilden, and the prize of the presidency would have gone to him and the Democratic party.


West Florida's Creek Indian Crisis Of 1837, Brian R. Rucker Mar 2022

West Florida's Creek Indian Crisis Of 1837, Brian R. Rucker

Florida Historical Quarterly

Although Andrew Jackson’s forays into Spanish West Florida in 1814 and 1818 dispersed several hostile bands of Creek Indians, scattered parties remained in isolated forests and swamps. When Florida was transferred to the United States in 1821, settlers moving into the new territory soon were confronted with the presence of these natives. The majority were located in the central portion of the territory, but sizable bands lived in northwest Florida. The Treaty of Moultrie Creek, signed in 1823, provided for the settlement of approximately 800 friendly Creeks on reservation lands along the Apalachicola River. Smaller bands also lived along the …


Unforgotten Threat: Florida Seminoles In The Civil War, Robert A. Taylor Mar 2022

Unforgotten Threat: Florida Seminoles In The Civil War, Robert A. Taylor

Florida Historical Quarterly

Confederate Florida, far removed from the clash of massed armies to its north, remained in many respects on the periphery of Civil War fighting. The state by no means, however, escaped the war’s impact as violence and the potential for violence served to its residents almost daily reminders of the national struggle. One dimension of Florida’s Civil War experience, a factor which threatened the escalation of violence throughout the conflict, previously has been neglected by students of the state’s history. That factor was the potential for Indian war.


William Pope Duval: An Extraordinary Folklorist, Frank L. Snyder Mar 2022

William Pope Duval: An Extraordinary Folklorist, Frank L. Snyder

Florida Historical Quarterly

William Pope Duval, who served four terms as territorial governor of Florida, was a natural storyteller.1 His tales were crafted and fabricated with so much skill that his listeners believed every word as the absolute truth. DuVal never hesitated to shade the truth or to embellish his stories so that they became fictionalized accounts bordering on the fringes of reality. He wove a web of drama as he spoke and completely captured the attention of his audience. The stations in life they, the members of his audience, occupied did not matter— raw frontiersmen, uneducated workingmen, intellectuals, literary geniuses, or sophisticated …


Book Reviews, Florida Historical Society Mar 2022

Book Reviews, Florida Historical Society

Florida Historical Quarterly

A GUIDE TO THE HISTORY OF FLORIDA, edited by Paul S. George, reviewed by Jacqueline K. Fretwell; BLACKS AND SOCIAL CHANGE: IMPACT OF THE CIVIL RIGHTS MOVEMENT IN SOUTHERN COMMUNITIES, by James Button, reviewed by Steven F. Lawson; TWELVE ON THE RIVER ST. JOHNS, by Charles E. Bennett, reviewed by Thomas Graham; MARKLAND, by Jean Parker Waterbury, reviewed by Albert Manucy; THE SOUTHEASTERN CEREMONIAL COMPLEX: ARTIFACTS AND ANALYSIS, edited by Patricia Galloway, reviewed by John W. Griffin; THE MATERIAL BASIS OF THE POSTBELLUM TENANT PLANTATION: HISTORICAL ARCHAEOLOGY IN THE SOUTH CAROLINA PIEDMONT, by Charles Orser, Jr., reviewed by Theresa A. …


Florida History In Periodicals, Florida Historical Society Mar 2022

Florida History In Periodicals, Florida Historical Society

Florida Historical Quarterly

This selected bibliography includes scholarly articles in the field of Florida history, archaeology, geography, and anthropology published in state, regional, and national periodicals in 1989. Articles, notes, and documents that have appeared in the Florida Historical Quarterly are not included in this listing since they appear in the annual index of each volume. The present listing also includes articles appearing in journals not published on schedule and that were not in the list printed in the July 1989 issue of the Quarterly.


Care And Control Of The Feebleminded: Florida Farm Colony, 1920-1945, Steven Noll Mar 2022

Care And Control Of The Feebleminded: Florida Farm Colony, 1920-1945, Steven Noll

Florida Historical Quarterly

Hastings Hart, director of the Child Helping Department of the Russell Sage Foundation, reported in January 1918 that Florida’s “most acute and pressing social problem at the present time is the problem of the feeble-minded.” Hart, who prepared a social welfare plan for Florida at the request of Governor Sidney J. Catts, recommended that “Florida ought to make immediate institutional provision for at least 500 of this class [the feeble-minded], following the good examples which have been recently set by the states of Virginia and North Carolina.“1 A year later, on April 17, 1919, the state legislature followed this request …


Book Reviews, Florida Historical Society Mar 2022

Book Reviews, Florida Historical Society

Florida Historical Quarterly

THE RED HILLS OF FLORIDA, 1528-1865, by Clifton Paisley, reviewed by Michael G. Schene; THE WILDERNESS COAST: ADVENTURES OF A GULF COAST NATURALIST, by Jack Rudloe, reviewed by Jesse Earle Bowden; JOHN KNIGHT: A PUBLISHER IN A TUMULTUOUS CENTURY, by Charles Whited, reviewed by Paul S. George; THE KING SITE: CONTINUITY AND CONTACT IN SIXTEENTH -CENTURY GEORGIA, edited by Robert L. Blakely, reviewed by Ann F. Ramenofsky; SOLDIERS BLUE AND GRAY, by James I. Robertson, Jr., reviewed by Richard M. McMurry; LIFELINE OF THE CONFEDERACY: BLOCKADE RUNNING DURING THE CIVIL WAR, by Stephen R. Wise, reviewed by Howard Jones; THE …


A West Point Graduate In The Second Seminole War: William Warren Chapman And The View From Fort Foster, Edward C. Coker Mar 2022

A West Point Graduate In The Second Seminole War: William Warren Chapman And The View From Fort Foster, Edward C. Coker

Florida Historical Quarterly

In the fall of 1837, Second Lieutenant William Warren Chapman departed from Old Point Comfort, Virginia, bound for Florida on the Caladonia Brander. An 1837 graduate of West Point, he was en route to the Second Seminole War in Florida. After arriving at Fort Brooke in Tampa Bay on October 27, 1837, he was assigned to Company B, Second Artillery which had orders to regarrison Fort Foster. Located twenty-one miles north of Tampa Bay on the military road from Fort Brooke to Fort King, Fort Foster protected the bridge over the Hillsborough River and served as a supply depot for …


Book Reviews, Florida Historical Society Mar 2022

Book Reviews, Florida Historical Society

Florida Historical Quarterly

URBAN VIGILANTES IN THE NEW SOUTH: TAMPA, 1882-1936, by Robert P. Ingalls., reviewed by William F. Holmes; THE FLORIDA SEMINOLES AND THE NEW DEAL, 1933-1942, by Harry A. Kersey, Jr., reviewed by Kenneth Philp; LIKE BEADS ON A STRING: A CULTURE HISTORY OF THE SEMINOLE INDIANS OF NORTHERN PENINSULAR FLORIDA, by Brent Richards Weisman, reviewed by Susan Greenbaum; KEY MARCO’S BURIED TREASURE: ARCHAEOLOGY AND ADVENTURE IN THE NINETEENTH CENTURY, by Marion Spjut Gilliland, reviewed by Randolph J. Widmer; PROSLAVERY: A HISTORY OF THE DEFENSE OF SLAVERY IN AMERICA, 1701-1840, by Larry E. Tise, reviewed by Charles Reagan Wilson; EVANGELICALS AND …


Book Reviews, Florida Historical Society Mar 2022

Book Reviews, Florida Historical Society

Florida Historical Quarterly

ST. PETERSBURG AND THE FLORIDA DREAM, 1888-1950, by Raymond Arsenault, reviewed by Rodney E. Dillon, Jr.; PURSUITS OF HAPPINESS: THE SOCIAL DEVELOPMENT OF EARLY MODERN BRITISH COLONIES AND THE FORMATION OF AMERICAN CULTURE, by Jack P. Greene, reviewed by Darrett B. Rutman; BETWEEN THE DEVIL AND THE DEEP BLUE SEA: MERCHANT SEAMEN, PIRATES, AND THE ANGLO-AMERICAN MARITIME WORLD, 1700-1750, by Marcus Rediker, reviewed by Christopher Ward; WAR AND SOCIETY IN REVOLUTIONARY AMERICA: THE WIDER DIMENSIONS OF CONFLICT, by Don Higginbotham, reviewed by David T. Morgan; THE LIFE OF ANDREW JACKSON, by Robert V. Remini, reviewed by Richard B. Latner; WITHIN …


The International Ocean Telegraph, Canter Brown, Jr. Mar 2022

The International Ocean Telegraph, Canter Brown, Jr.

Florida Historical Quarterly

The Summer of 1865 was one of great relief for most citizens of the so-recently reaffirmed United States of America. A few weeks earlier, on April 12, Robert E. Lee had surrendered his Confederate Army of Northern Virginia to a victorious Ulysses S. Grant and, before the end of the following month, the last Confederate force of consequence remaining in the field, then serving under General Edmund Kirby Smith of St. Augustine, had followed suit. The nation had been shocked and saddened by the assassination of President Abraham Lincoln two days after Lee’s surrender, but to some extent the outrage …


Book Reviews, Florida Historical Society Mar 2022

Book Reviews, Florida Historical Society

Florida Historical Quarterly

INVASION OF PRIVACY: THE CROSS CREEK TRIAL OF MARJORIE KINNAN RAWLINGS, by Patricia Nassif Acton, reviewed by William M. Goza; FULL STEAM AHEAD! THE STORY OF PETER DEMENS , FOUNDER OF ST. PETERSBURG, FLORIDA, by Albert Parry, reviewed by Leland M. Hawes, Jr.; FLORIDA’S PAST: VOLUME 2, PEOPLE AND EVENTS THAT SHAPED THE STATE, by Gene M. Burnett, reviewed by Stuart B. McIver; THE LOG OF CHRISTOPHER COLUMBUS, translated by Robert H. Fuson; THE DIARIO OF CHRISTOPHER COLUMBUS'S FIRST VOYAGE TO AMERICA, 1492-1493, abstracted by Fray Bartolomé de las Casas, reviewed by William F. Keegan; LETTERS OF DELEGATES TO CONGRESS, …


Pensacola Progressive: John Moreno Coe And The Campaign Of 1948, Sarah Hart Brown Mar 2022

Pensacola Progressive: John Moreno Coe And The Campaign Of 1948, Sarah Hart Brown

Florida Historical Quarterly

In 1951, John Moreno Coe, native of Pensacola, Florida, participated as an advocate for the defense in the celebrated case of Willie McGee, a black man tried and convicted three times by Mississippi juries for the rape of a Laurel, Mississippi, housewife. As with most of his clients, Coe passionately believed in McGee's innocence; further, he believed that McGee had been systematically denied due process by Mississippi courts. In his home town, almost no one except Coe’s family supported him in this crusade; his actions were perverse and strange in the eyes of most Pensacolians. Yet following McGee’s execution, Coe …


Index To Volume Lxvii, Florida Historical Society Mar 2022

Index To Volume Lxvii, Florida Historical Society

Florida Historical Quarterly

No abstract provided.


William Alexander Blount: Defender Of The Old South And Advocate Of A New South, Thomas Muir, Jr. Mar 2022

William Alexander Blount: Defender Of The Old South And Advocate Of A New South, Thomas Muir, Jr.

Florida Historical Quarterly

William Alexander Blount, as a child, had experienced the frustrations of poverty and disorder resulting from the Civil War. While steeped in many of the values and traditions of the Old South, Blount was one of the new generation of southern leaders who, after the end of Reconstruction in 1877, strove to modernize the South through industrialization and closer cooperation with northern capitalists. His keen intellect and sharp legal mind served him well as a corporate lawyer for the Louisville and Nashville Railroad in Florida. Blount’s legal career in Pensacola spanned the Bourbon period, roughly from 1877 to 1900, when …


John Wallace And The Writing Of Reconstruction History, James C. Clark Mar 2022

John Wallace And The Writing Of Reconstruction History, James C. Clark

Florida Historical Quarterly

John Wallace, who rose from slavery to become a leading black politician in Florida during Reconstruction, has been nearly forgotten, while other black leaders have received overdue recognition for their accomplishments. Unlike those who are remembered for advancing the cause of blacks, Wallace left behind a different legacy— a book that was critical of his fellow blacks and Radical Republicans, and frequently complimentary of white conservation Democrats. The book, Carpetbag Rule in Florida: The Inside Workings of Civil Government in Florida After the Close of the Civil War, published in Jacksonville in 1888, became a major source for a generation …