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Synthesis And Characterization Of New Probes For Use In Fluorescence And X-Ray Ct Bioimaging, Simon Tang Jan 2015

Synthesis And Characterization Of New Probes For Use In Fluorescence And X-Ray Ct Bioimaging, Simon Tang

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

The pursuit of more suitable drugs intended for possible biological applications are a continuously growing topic of research within the scientific community. One of these suitable qualities includes the need for hydrophilicity and or some appropriate delivery system for the drug to enter into biological systems. A system of analyzing and following these compounds would then, however, be necessary to conduct any kind of mechanistic or interaction studies for he said drug within the biological system. Just to name a few, fluorescence and X-ray computed tomography (CT) methods allow for imaging of biological systems but require the need of compounds …

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Students’ Perceptions And Misperceptions Of The Communication Major: Opportunities And Challenges Of Reputation, Nichole Egbert, Joy L. Daggs, Phillip R. Reed Jan 2015

Students’ Perceptions And Misperceptions Of The Communication Major: Opportunities And Challenges Of Reputation, Nichole Egbert, Joy L. Daggs, Phillip R. Reed

Journal of the Association for Communication Administration

This study investigates undergraduate students' perceptions of the content, difficulty, and value of the Communication major. Students in majors other than Communication from two universities indicated that the content of the Communication major was valuable and, in some cases, involved difficult tasks. However, the major was perceived as easier than any other compared discipline. The students surveyed demonstrated low to moderate belief in most popular “myths” regarding Communication as an academic field. A number of potential strategies to increase awareness of the value of a degree in communication are provided, which can be adapted for use with existing departmental marketing …

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Development Of A Fluorescent Drug Screening Platform For Inhibitors Of Mycobacterium Tuberculosis Protein-Protein Interactions, Zina Versfeld Jan 2015

Development Of A Fluorescent Drug Screening Platform For Inhibitors Of Mycobacterium Tuberculosis Protein-Protein Interactions, Zina Versfeld

HIM 1990-2015

Tuberculosis (TB) is a respiratory disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) that kills around 1.3 million people annually. Multi-drug resistant TB (MDR-TB) strains are increasingly encountered, in part resulting from shortcomings of current TB drug regimens that last between six to nine months. Patients may stop taking the antibiotics during their allotted regimen, leading to drug resistant TB strains. Novel drug screening platforms are therefore necessary to find drugs effective against MDR-TB. In order to discover compounds that target under-exploited pathways that may be essential only in vivo, the proposed screening platform will use a novel approach to drug discovery …

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Biomechanics Of Developmental Dysplasia Of The Hip - An Engineering Study Of Closed Reduction Utilizing The Pavlik Harness For A Range Of Subtle To Severe Dislocations In Infants., Victor Huayamave Jan 2015

Biomechanics Of Developmental Dysplasia Of The Hip - An Engineering Study Of Closed Reduction Utilizing The Pavlik Harness For A Range Of Subtle To Severe Dislocations In Infants., Victor Huayamave

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Developmental Dysplasia of the Hip (DDH) is an abnormal condition where hip joint dislocation, misalignment, or instability is present in infants. Rates of incidence of DDH in newborn infants have been reported to vary between 1 and 20 per 1000 births, making it the most common congenital malformation of the musculoskeletal system. DDH early detection and treatment is critical to avoid the use of surgical treatment in infants and to prevent future complications such as osteoarthritis in adult life. To this day several non-surgical treatments involving the use of harnesses and braces have been proposed to treat DDH in infants, …

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Forensic Application Of Chemometric Analysis To Visible Absorption Spectra Collected From Dyed Textile Fibers, Alejandra Flores Jan 2015

Forensic Application Of Chemometric Analysis To Visible Absorption Spectra Collected From Dyed Textile Fibers, Alejandra Flores

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Forensic analysis of evidence consists of the comparison of physical, spectroscopic, or chemical characteristics of a questioned sample to a set of knowns. Currently, decisions as to whether or not the questioned sample can be associated or grouped with the knowns are left up to the discretion of the forensic analyst. The implications of these outcomes are presented as evidence to a jury in a court of law to determine if a defendant is guilty of committing a crime or not. Leading up to, and since, the publication of the National Academy of Sciences (NAS) report entitled “Strengthening Forensic Science …

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Modeling Crowd Mobility And Communication In Wireless Networks, Gurkan Solmaz Jan 2015

Modeling Crowd Mobility And Communication In Wireless Networks, Gurkan Solmaz

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

This dissertation presents contributions to the fields of mobility modeling, wireless sensor networks (WSNs) with mobile sinks, and opportunistic communication in theme parks. The two main directions of our contributions are human mobility models and strategies for the mobile sink positioning and communication in wireless networks. The first direction of the dissertation is related to human mobility modeling. Modeling the movement of human subjects is important to improve the performance of wireless networks with human participants and the validation of such networks through simulations. The movements in areas such as theme parks follow specific patterns that are not taken into …

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Disciplinary Mythologies: A Rhetorical-Cultural Analysis Of Performance Enhancement Technologies In Sports, John Lamothe Jan 2015

Disciplinary Mythologies: A Rhetorical-Cultural Analysis Of Performance Enhancement Technologies In Sports, John Lamothe

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

In sports discourse, the relationship between athletics and technology is often paradoxical. On the one hand, modern sports rely on technology at every level, from training and tracking of players to the equipment and apparel used by athletes to the game strategies and playing fields themselves. Nearly all of these technologies are intended to increase athletic performance on some level. And yet, certain performance enhancement technologies can be criticized for being antithetical to the spirit of sports, which is framed as being a strictly natural and pure human endeavor. Using a rhetorical-cultural methodological approach, popular sports discourse is analyzed to …

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The Experience Of Physical And Social Presence In A Virtual Learning Environment As Impacted By The Affordance Of Movement Enabled By Motion Tracking, Aleshia Hayes Jan 2015

The Experience Of Physical And Social Presence In A Virtual Learning Environment As Impacted By The Affordance Of Movement Enabled By Motion Tracking, Aleshia Hayes

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

This research synthesizes existing research findings that social presence (sense of connection with others) and physical presence (sense of being there) increase learning outcomes in Virtual Learning Environments (VLEs) with findings that traditional motion tracking of participants wearing head mounted displays in virtual reality increases both physical and social presence. This information suggests that motion tracking in mixed reality VLEs has a positive impact on social presence and on physical presence. For this study, the affordance of free movement among virtual objects is enabled by Microsoft Kinect tracking of the user's position that is translated to movement of the virtual …

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Genetically-Programmed Suicide Of Adrenergic Cells In The Mouse Leads To Severe Left Ventricular Dysfunction, Impaired Weight Gain, And Symptoms Of Neurological Dysfunction, Aaron Owji Jan 2015

Genetically-Programmed Suicide Of Adrenergic Cells In The Mouse Leads To Severe Left Ventricular Dysfunction, Impaired Weight Gain, And Symptoms Of Neurological Dysfunction, Aaron Owji

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Phenylethanolamine-N-methyltransferase (Pnmt) catalyzes the conversion of noradrenaline to adrenaline and is the last enzyme in the catecholamine biosynthetic pathway. Pnmt serves as a marker for adrenergic cells, and lineage-tracing experiments have identified the embryonic heart and hindbrain region as the first sites of Pnmt expression in the mouse. Pnmt expression in the heart occurs before the adrenal glands have formed and prior to sympathetic innervation, suggesting that the heart is the first site of catecholamine production in the mouse. The function of these Pnmt+ cells in heart development remains unclear. In the present study, we test the hypothesis that (i) …

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The Ct20 Peptide As An Agent For Cancer Treatment, Rania Bassiouni Jan 2015

The Ct20 Peptide As An Agent For Cancer Treatment, Rania Bassiouni

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Due to cancer recurrence and the development of drug resistance, metastatic breast cancer is a leading cause of death in women. In the search for a new therapeutic to treat metastatic disease, we discovered CT20p, an amphipathic peptide based on the C-terminus of Bax. Due to inherent properties of its sequence and similarity to antimicrobial peptides, CT20p is a promising cytotoxic agent whose activity is distinct from the parent protein (e.g. does not cause apoptosis). CT20p is not membrane permeable but can be introduced to cells using polymeric nanoparticles, a method that promotes efficient delivery of the peptide into the …

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Differential Expression Of Proteins Involved In Vldl Trafficking Causes Reduced Vldl Secretion In Male Ames Dwarf Mice, Faisal Ahmed Moinuddin Jan 2015

Differential Expression Of Proteins Involved In Vldl Trafficking Causes Reduced Vldl Secretion In Male Ames Dwarf Mice, Faisal Ahmed Moinuddin

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) have been recorded as the number one cause of death worldwide, accounting for 32% of total deaths annually. More than two-thirds of all CVD cases are associated with atherosclerosis, which is the accumulation of fats and other substances causing plaque formation in the interior walls of major arteries. This leads to narrowing of the lumen and hardening of the arteries, ultimately resulting in angina, heart attack and/or stroke. Studies have shown that the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis and associated CVDs is strongly linked to elevated secretion of liver-specific lipoproteins called very-low-density-lipoprotein (VLDL). VLDLs are crucial lipoproteins responsible for …

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Regional Affiliation: An Examination Of Rio Viejo Middens As Evidence For Scaled-Up Practice At Surrounding Sites., Carlo Lucido Jan 2015

Regional Affiliation: An Examination Of Rio Viejo Middens As Evidence For Scaled-Up Practice At Surrounding Sites., Carlo Lucido

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

This research project analyzes 5 middens from the Lower Rio Verde valley sites of Río Viejo and Yugüe, Oaxaca, Mexico, during the Terminal Formative period (150 BC to AD 250). The middens are analyzed to further our understanding of socio-political events in public spaces at both sites during this time. The study suggests a greater distinction in use of public spaces between the two sites than within Río Viejo. Frameworks established by Dietler and Hayden for the analysis of feasts do not seem to apply well to the middens analyzed here. Although I argue that evidence from Rio Viejo's middens …

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Pre And Post Implementation Evaluation Of An Emergency Department Severe Sepsis Alert And Practice Protocol, Darleen Williams Jan 2015

Pre And Post Implementation Evaluation Of An Emergency Department Severe Sepsis Alert And Practice Protocol, Darleen Williams

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Severe sepsis kills an estimated 1,400 people worldwide every day. This often fatal infectious process accounts for an estimated 215,000 deaths in the United States (US) annually. The main goal of this project was to evaluate the impact of the Emergency Department Severe Sepsis Alert and Practice Protocol (EDSSAPP) post implementation, on time to first antibiotic administration, length of stay, and mortality in patients admitted via the ORMC ED with severe sepsis. This study evaluated the time to first antibiotic administration, total ED and hospital length of stay (LOS) and mortality of severe sepsis patients either with a severe sepsis …

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Computerized Evaluatution Of Microsurgery Skills Training, Payal Jotwani Jan 2015

Computerized Evaluatution Of Microsurgery Skills Training, Payal Jotwani

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

The style of imparting medical training has evolved, over the years. The traditional methods of teaching and practicing basic surgical skills under apprenticeship model, no longer occupy the first place in modern technically demanding advanced surgical disciplines like neurosurgery. Furthermore, the legal and ethical concerns for patient safety as well as cost-effectiveness have forced neurosurgeons to master the necessary microsurgical techniques to accomplish desired results. This has lead to increased emphasis on assessment of clinical and surgical techniques of the neurosurgeons. However, the subjective assessment of microsurgical techniques like micro-suturing under the apprenticeship model cannot be completely unbiased. A few …

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A Simulation-Based Task Analysis Using Agent-Based, Discrete Event And System Dynamics Simulation, Anastasia Angelopoulou Jan 2015

A Simulation-Based Task Analysis Using Agent-Based, Discrete Event And System Dynamics Simulation, Anastasia Angelopoulou

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Recent advances in technology have increased the need for using simulation models to analyze tasks and obtain human performance data. A variety of task analysis approaches and tools have been proposed and developed over the years. Over 100 task analysis methods have been reported in the literature. However, most of the developed methods and tools allow for representation of the static aspects of the tasks performed by expert system-driven human operators, neglecting aspects of the work environment, i.e. physical layout, and dynamic aspects of the task. The use of simulation can help face the new challenges in the field of …

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Can Mutual Trust Explain The Diversity-Performance Relationship? A Meta-Analysis, Pereira Jennifer Feitosa Jan 2015

Can Mutual Trust Explain The Diversity-Performance Relationship? A Meta-Analysis, Pereira Jennifer Feitosa

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Trust is gaining attention for its benefits to both teams and organizations as a whole (Fulmer & Gelfand, 2012). The difficulty of building it in comparison to the ease of destroying it calls for a deeper understanding of trust, as well as its relationship with critical team outcomes (Colquitt, LePine, Piccolo, Zapata, & Rich, 2012). Unfortunately, current research has progressed in a disjointed manner that requires the integration of findings before a more parsimonious and descriptive understanding of trust at the team-level can be developed. Beyond this basic understanding, research is needed to explore the nature of trust in teams …

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Assessment Of Terrain Database Correlation Using Line-Of-Sight Measurements, Leonardo Oyama Jan 2015

Assessment Of Terrain Database Correlation Using Line-Of-Sight Measurements, Leonardo Oyama

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

The uncountable number of tools for the creation of synthetic terrains poses as a challenge for simulation interoperability. The permutations of tools, elevation maps, and software settings leads to combinations of poorly correlated virtual terrains. An important issue in distributed simulations is the lack of line-of-sight correlation. For example, in military networked simulations, consistent intervisibility between simulated entities is crucial for a fair-fight, especially when simulations include direct-fire weapons. The literature review presented in the Chapter Two discusses a multitude of interoperability issues caused by discrepant terrain representations and rendering engines noncompliant to any standard image generation process. Furthermore, the …

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The Effect Of Videogame Play On Robotic Surgery Skill Acquisition, Alyssa Tanaka Jan 2015

The Effect Of Videogame Play On Robotic Surgery Skill Acquisition, Alyssa Tanaka

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Robotic surgery uses innovative technology to transcend a surgeon's skills when performing complex procedures. Currently, the only FDA approved robotic system is Intuitive's da Vinci Surgical System. While this system offers many advantages over other minimally invasive techniques, it also introduces a need for specialized training. Virtual reality simulators have emerged as valuable tools for standardized and objective robotic surgery skill training and assessments. In recent years, the idea of using video game technology in surgical education for laparoscopy has also been explored; however few have attempted to make a connection between video game experience and robotic surgical skills. Thus, …

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Tidal Hydrodynamic Response To Sea Level Rise And Coastal Geomorphology In The Northern Gulf Of Mexico, Davina Passeri Jan 2015

Tidal Hydrodynamic Response To Sea Level Rise And Coastal Geomorphology In The Northern Gulf Of Mexico, Davina Passeri

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Sea level rise (SLR) has the potential to affect coastal environments in a multitude of ways, including submergence, increased flooding, and increased shoreline erosion. Low-lying coastal environments such as the Northern Gulf of Mexico (NGOM) are particularly vulnerable to the effects of SLR, which may have serious consequences for coastal communities as well as ecologically and economically significant estuaries. Evaluating potential changes in tidal hydrodynamics under SLR is essential for understanding impacts to navigation, ecological habitats, infrastructure and the morphologic evolution of the coastline. The intent of this research is to evaluate the dynamic effects of SLR and coastal geomorphology …

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Investigating Biological Assumptions Through Radical Reimplementation, Joel Lehman, Kenneth O. Stanley Jan 2015

Investigating Biological Assumptions Through Radical Reimplementation, Joel Lehman, Kenneth O. Stanley

Faculty Bibliography 2010s

An important goal in both artificial life and biology is uncovering the most general principles underlying life, which might catalyze both our understanding of life and engineering lifelike machines. While many such general principles have been hypothesized, conclusively testing them is difficult because life on Earth provides only a singular example from which to infer. To circumvent this limitation, this article formalizes an approach called radical reimplementation. The idea is to investigate an abstract biological hypothesis by intentionally reimplementing its main principles to diverge maximally from existing natural examples. If the reimplementation successfully exhibits properties resembling biology, it may support …

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Fibroblast Growth Factor-9 Enhances M2 Macrophage Differentiation And Attenuates Adverse Cardiac Remodeling In The Infarcted Diabetic Heart, Dinender K. Singla, Reetu D. Singla, Latifa S. Abdelli, Carley Glass Jan 2015

Fibroblast Growth Factor-9 Enhances M2 Macrophage Differentiation And Attenuates Adverse Cardiac Remodeling In The Infarcted Diabetic Heart, Dinender K. Singla, Reetu D. Singla, Latifa S. Abdelli, Carley Glass

Faculty Bibliography 2010s

Inflammation has been implicated as a perpetrator of diabetes and its associated complications. Monocytes, key mediators of inflammation, differentiate into pro-inflammatory M1 macrophages and anti-inflammatory M2 macrophages upon infiltration of damaged tissue. However, the inflammatory cell types, which propagate diabetes progression and consequential adverse disorders, remain unclear. The current study was undertaken to assess monocyte infiltration and the role of fibroblast growth factor-9 (FGF-9) on monocyte to macrophage differentiation and cardioprotection in the diabetic infarcted heart. Db/db diabetic mice were assigned to sham, myocardial infarction (MI), and MI+FGF-9 groups. MI was induced by permanent coronary artery ligation and animals were …

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Effects Of Beta-Hydroxy-Beta-Methylbutyrate Free Acid Ingestion And Resistance Exercise On The Acute Endocrine Response, Jeremy R. Townsend, Jay R. Hoffman, Adam M. Gonzalez, Adam R. Jajtner, Carleigh H. Boone, Edward H. Robinson, Gerald T. Mangine, Adam J. Wells, Maren S. Fragala, David H. Fukuda, Jeffrey R. Stout Jan 2015

Effects Of Beta-Hydroxy-Beta-Methylbutyrate Free Acid Ingestion And Resistance Exercise On The Acute Endocrine Response, Jeremy R. Townsend, Jay R. Hoffman, Adam M. Gonzalez, Adam R. Jajtner, Carleigh H. Boone, Edward H. Robinson, Gerald T. Mangine, Adam J. Wells, Maren S. Fragala, David H. Fukuda, Jeffrey R. Stout

Faculty Bibliography 2010s

Objective. To examine the endocrine response to a bout of heavy resistance exercise following acute beta-hydroxy-beta-methylbutyrate free acid (HMB-FA) ingestion. Design. Twenty resistance trained men were randomized and consumed either 1 g of HMB-FA (BetaTor) or placebo (PL) 30 min prior to performing an acute heavy resistance exercise protocol. Blood was obtained before (PRE), immediately after (IP), and 30 min after exercise (30P). Circulating concentrations of testosterone, growth hormone (GH), insulin-like growth factor (IGF-1), and insulin were assayed. Data were analyzed with a repeated measures ANOVA and area under the curve (AUC) was analyzed by the trapezoidal rule. Results. The …

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Determining Origin In A Migratory Marine Vertebrate: A Novel Method To Integrate Stable Isotopes And Satellite Tracking, Hannah B. Vander Zanden, Anton D. Tucker, Kristen M. Hart, Margaret M. Lamont, David S. Addison, Katherine L. Mansfield, Katrina F. Phillips, Michael B. Wunder, Gabriel J. Bowen, Mariela Pajuelo, Alan B. Bolten, Karen A. Bjorndal Jan 2015

Determining Origin In A Migratory Marine Vertebrate: A Novel Method To Integrate Stable Isotopes And Satellite Tracking, Hannah B. Vander Zanden, Anton D. Tucker, Kristen M. Hart, Margaret M. Lamont, David S. Addison, Katherine L. Mansfield, Katrina F. Phillips, Michael B. Wunder, Gabriel J. Bowen, Mariela Pajuelo, Alan B. Bolten, Karen A. Bjorndal

Faculty Bibliography 2010s

Stable isotope analysis is a useful tool to track animal movements in both terrestrial and marine environments. These intrinsic markers are assimilated through the diet and may exhibit spatial gradients as a result of biogeochemical processes at the base of the food web. In the marine environment, maps to predict the spatial distribution of stable isotopes are limited, and thus determining geographic origin has been reliant upon integrating satellite telemetry and stable isotope data. Migratory sea turtles regularly move between foraging and reproductive areas. Whereas most nesting populations can be easily accessed and regularly monitored, little is known about the …

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Defining The Catalytic Activity Of Nanoceria In The P23h-1 Rat, A Photoreceptor Degeneration Model, Lily L. Wong, Quentin N. Pye, Lijuan Chen, Sudipta Seal, James F. Mcginnis Jan 2015

Defining The Catalytic Activity Of Nanoceria In The P23h-1 Rat, A Photoreceptor Degeneration Model, Lily L. Wong, Quentin N. Pye, Lijuan Chen, Sudipta Seal, James F. Mcginnis

Faculty Bibliography 2010s

Purpose Inorganic catalytic nanoceria or cerium oxide nanoparticles (CeNPs) are bona fide antioxidants that possess regenerative radical scavenging activities in vitro. Previously, we demonstrated that CeNPs had neuroprotective and anti-angiogenic properties in rodent retinal degeneration and neovascularization models. However, the cellular mechanisms and duration of the catalytic activity of CeNPs in preventing photoreceptor cell loss are still unknown. In this study, we sought to answer these questions using the P23H-1 rat, an autosomal dominant retinitis pigmentosa (adRP) model. Methods A single dose of either saline or CeNPs was delivered intravitreally into the eyes of P23H-1 rats at 2-3 weeks of …

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Gene Expression Of Key Regulators Of Mitochondrial Biogenesis Is Sex Dependent In Mice With Growth Hormone Receptor Deletion In Liver, Ilona Zawada, Michal M. Masternak, Edward O. List, Michael B. Stout, Darlene E. Berryman, Andrzej Lewinski, John J. Kopchick, Andrzej Bartke, Malgorzata Karbownik-Lewinska Jan 2015

Gene Expression Of Key Regulators Of Mitochondrial Biogenesis Is Sex Dependent In Mice With Growth Hormone Receptor Deletion In Liver, Ilona Zawada, Michal M. Masternak, Edward O. List, Michael B. Stout, Darlene E. Berryman, Andrzej Lewinski, John J. Kopchick, Andrzej Bartke, Malgorzata Karbownik-Lewinska

Faculty Bibliography 2010s

Mitochondrial biogenesis is an essential process for cell viability. Mice with disruption of the growth hormone receptor (GHR) gene (Ghr gene) in the liver (LiGHRKO), in contrast to long-lived mice with global deletion of the Ghr gene (GHRKO), are characterized by lack of improved insulin sensitivity and severe hepatic steatosis. Tissue-specific disruption of the GHR in liver results in a mouse model with dramatically altered GH/IGF1 axis. We have previously shown increased levels of key regulators of mitochondrial biogenesis in insulin-sensitive GHRKO mice. The aim of the present study is to assess, using real-time PCR, the gene expression of key …

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Connectivity Conservation And Endangered Species Recovery: A Study In The Challenges Of Defining Conservation-Reliant Species, Carlos Carroll, Daniel J. Rohlf, Ya-Wei Li, Brett Hartl, Michael K. Phillips, Reed F. Noss Jan 2015

Connectivity Conservation And Endangered Species Recovery: A Study In The Challenges Of Defining Conservation-Reliant Species, Carlos Carroll, Daniel J. Rohlf, Ya-Wei Li, Brett Hartl, Michael K. Phillips, Reed F. Noss

Faculty Bibliography 2010s

Many species listed under the US Endangered Species Act (ESA) face continuing threats and will require intervention to address those threats for decades. These species, which have been termed conservation-reliant, pose a challenge to the ESA's mandate for recovery of self-sustaining populations. Most references to conservation-reliant species by federal agencies involve the restoration of population connectivity. However, the diverse threats to connectivity faced by different species have contrasting implications in the context of the ESA's mandate. For species facing long-term threats from invasive species or climate change, restoration of natural dispersal may not be technically feasible in the foreseeable future. …

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Role Of Neuronal Nadph Oxidase 1 In The Peri-Infarct Regions After Stroke, Dong-Hee Choi, Ji-Hye Kim, Kyoung-Hee Lee, Hahn-Young Kim, Yoon-Seong Kim, Wahn Soo Choi, Jongmin Lee Jan 2015

Role Of Neuronal Nadph Oxidase 1 In The Peri-Infarct Regions After Stroke, Dong-Hee Choi, Ji-Hye Kim, Kyoung-Hee Lee, Hahn-Young Kim, Yoon-Seong Kim, Wahn Soo Choi, Jongmin Lee

Faculty Bibliography 2010s

The molecular mechanism underlying the selective vulnerability of neurons to oxidative damage caused by ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury remains unknown. We sought to determine the role of NADPH oxidase 1 (Nox1) in cerebral I/R-induced brain injury and survival of newborn cells in the ischemic injured region. Male Wistar rats were subjected to 90 min middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) followed by reperfusion. After reperfusion, infarction size, level of superoxide and 8-hydroxy-20-deoxyguanosine (8-oxo-2dG), and Nox1 immunoreactivity were determined. RNAi-mediated knockdown of Nox1 was used to investigate the role of Nox1 in I/R-induced oxidative damage, neuronal death, motor function recovery, and ischemic neurogenesis. …

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Thyroxine Modifies The Effects Of Growth Hormone In Ames Dwarf Mice, Andrew Do, Vinal Menon, Xu Zhi, Adam Gesing, Denise S. Wiesebborn, Adam Spong, Liou Sun, Andrzej Bartke, Michal M. Masternak Jan 2015

Thyroxine Modifies The Effects Of Growth Hormone In Ames Dwarf Mice, Andrew Do, Vinal Menon, Xu Zhi, Adam Gesing, Denise S. Wiesebborn, Adam Spong, Liou Sun, Andrzej Bartke, Michal M. Masternak

Faculty Bibliography 2010s

Ames dwarf (df/df) mice lack growth hormone (GH), thyroid stimulating hormone and prolactin. Treatment of juvenile df/df mice with GH alone stimulates somatic growth, reduces insulin sensitivity and shortens lifespan. Early-life treatment with thyroxine (T4) alone produces modest growth stimulation but does not affect longevity. In this study, we examined the effects of treatment of juvenile Ames dwarf mice with a combination of GH + T4 and compared them to the effects of GH alone. Treatment of female and male dwarfs with GH + T4 between the ages of 2 and 8 weeks rescued somatic growth yet did not reduce …

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Estimating Ecological Production From Biomass, David G. Jenkins Jan 2015

Estimating Ecological Production From Biomass, David G. Jenkins

Faculty Bibliography 2010s

Productivity-diversity relationships (P/D) are a vital theme in ecology, but productivity is typically not measured directly in that research. Instead, biomass (B) is the most common proxy for productivity, often as a 1: 1 substitute. Unfortunately, this practice may cause error and uncertainty in P/D research, due to the fundamental difference between B and P and variable P/B ratios among and within systems. As a result, P/D research often measures a B/D relationship but interprets it as P/D. Fortunately, plausible, statistically legitimate and predictive P/B relationships can be found with careful analyses based on model selection of alternative allometric scaling …

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Mcp-Induced Protein 1 Mediates The Minocycline-Induced Neuroprotection Against Cerebral Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury In Vitro And In Vivo, Zhuqing Jin, Jian Liang, Jing Wang, Pappachan Kolattukudy Jan 2015

Mcp-Induced Protein 1 Mediates The Minocycline-Induced Neuroprotection Against Cerebral Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury In Vitro And In Vivo, Zhuqing Jin, Jian Liang, Jing Wang, Pappachan Kolattukudy

Faculty Bibliography 2010s

Background: Minocycline, a broad-spectrum tetracycline antibiotic, has shown anti-inflammatory and neuroprotective effects in ischemic brain injury. The present study seeks to determine whether monocyte chemotactic protein-induced protein 1 (MCPIP1), a recently identified modulator of inflammatory reactions, is involved in the cerebral neuroprotection conferred by minocycline treatment in the animal model of focal cerebral ischemia and to elucidate the mechanisms of minocycline-induced ischemic brain tolerance. Methods: Focal cerebral ischemia was induced by middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) for 2 h in male C57BL/6 mice and MCPIP1 knockout mice followed by 24-or 48-h reperfusion. Twelve hours before ischemia or 2 h after …

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