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Palatability Of Teff Grass By Horses, Rachel R. Cummins, Kenneth Coffey, Nancy Jack, Kathleen Jogan, Edward Gbur, Robert Rhein, Dirk Philipp, Melissa Adams, William Smith, Katherine Clayton Jan 2014

Palatability Of Teff Grass By Horses, Rachel R. Cummins, Kenneth Coffey, Nancy Jack, Kathleen Jogan, Edward Gbur, Robert Rhein, Dirk Philipp, Melissa Adams, William Smith, Katherine Clayton

Discovery, The Student Journal of Dale Bumpers College of Agricultural, Food and Life Sciences

Most forages commonly used to feed horses have potential detriments including blister beetles or excessive fiber concentrations. Teff grass (T), a warm-season annual forage, has the potential to be a good alternative for horses because of its lack of observed disorders. Our objective was to compare preference by horses for T harvested under different conditions with that of bermudagrass (B) harvested at two maturities. Six different forages were evaluated: T harvested at the late vegetative stage (TLV), at late bloom but that incurred 33 mm of rainfall between mowing and baling (TLBR), with caryopsis visible (TES), or at soft dough …

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The Influences Of Poultry Litter Biochar And Water Source On Radish Growth And Nutrition, Julia Allen, David E. Longer, Edward E. Gbur, Lichen Hao Jan 2014

The Influences Of Poultry Litter Biochar And Water Source On Radish Growth And Nutrition, Julia Allen, David E. Longer, Edward E. Gbur, Lichen Hao

Discovery, The Student Journal of Dale Bumpers College of Agricultural, Food and Life Sciences

Many row-crop fields today have declined in soil fertility due to poor management practices and overuse of pesticides. Under these conditions, plant nutrient uptake can be sub-optimal. There are several soil amendments that can be used to improve soil quality and plant growth. This study focused on the addition of biochar to the soil and the use of structured water to enhance plant growth. Biochar is produced by pyrolysis of organic feedstocks. Previous studies which focused on biochar have shown an increase in plant yield, nutrient availability in the soil, and soil water holding capacity. Structured water is the liquid …

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Contents, Discovery Editors Jan 2014

Contents, Discovery Editors

Discovery, The Student Journal of Dale Bumpers College of Agricultural, Food and Life Sciences

No abstract provided.

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Safety Of Improved Milbond-Tx Mycotoxin Binder When Fed To Broiler Breeders Above Recommended Levels, Michael Schlumbohm, Judy England, Rueben Kriseldi, C. Coon Jan 2014

Safety Of Improved Milbond-Tx Mycotoxin Binder When Fed To Broiler Breeders Above Recommended Levels, Michael Schlumbohm, Judy England, Rueben Kriseldi, C. Coon

Discovery, The Student Journal of Dale Bumpers College of Agricultural, Food and Life Sciences

An increasing concern in poultry nutrition is the effects of mycotoxins in contaminated grain. Several new products have come onto the market that chemically bind these toxins preventing mycotoxicosis. However, many of these products have not been tested for safety if accidently overfed to broiler breeders. In order to simulate a feed mixing error at a feed mill, Improved Milbond-TX® was overfed to broiler breeders to see if this would cause any negative effects on bird performance. A typical corn-soybean based diet supplemented with Milbond-TX mycotoxin binder at three different levels of inclusion (0%, 0.5%, and 1%) was fed to …

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Cre8 Newsletter, Winter 2013, Sam M. Walton College Of Business. Center For Retailing Excellence Dec 2013

Cre8 Newsletter, Winter 2013, Sam M. Walton College Of Business. Center For Retailing Excellence

Center for Retaining Excellence Annual Report and Newsletter

No abstract provided.

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Northwest Arkansas Consumer Perceptions Of Poultry Production, Stuart Estes Dec 2013

Northwest Arkansas Consumer Perceptions Of Poultry Production, Stuart Estes

Agricultural Education, Communications and Technology Undergraduate Honors Theses

Poultry production holds an important place in Arkansas economically and as a food source. The importance of poultry production ultimately hinges on the demands of the consumers and the perceptions that drive their purchases. With this in mind, this study surveyed consumers to assess their perceptions of poultry production in Arkansas. The instrument used to survey consumers was created by the researcher and an expert committee at the University of Arkansas. Consumers were interviewed through direct communication at grocery stores in northwest Arkansas. Data gathered from the study were analyzed for descriptive and correlational statistics. Data showed that consumers were …

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Ansc, Winter 2013, University Of Arkansas, Fayetteville. Department Of Animal Sciences Dec 2013

Ansc, Winter 2013, University Of Arkansas, Fayetteville. Department Of Animal Sciences

Animal Science Newsletter

"Dedicated to the Alumni and Friends of the Animal Sciences Department, University of Arkansas."

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Exploration Of Ethnic Differences Between Hispanic And Marshallese Mothers' Child Body Perceptions And Factors That Impact Childhood Obesity, Ashley Paige Latimer Dec 2013

Exploration Of Ethnic Differences Between Hispanic And Marshallese Mothers' Child Body Perceptions And Factors That Impact Childhood Obesity, Ashley Paige Latimer

The Eleanor Mann School of Nursing Undergraduate Honors Theses

Childhood obesity is on the rise in the United States, especially among the Southern states and in minority ethnic groups. This condition is a known contributor to many chronic diseases, such as diabetes and cardiovascular disease, which develop in early adulthood. The Marshallese people - whose population is higher in Northwest Arkansas than anywhere else in the contiguous United States - have a high incidence of obesity and diabetes. Additionally, the Hispanic population per capita in Northwest Arkansas is more than triple that of the state of Arkansas, and have comparable obesity rates to the Marshallese population. The purposes of …

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Evaluating Economic Impacts Of Switchgrass Harvest Time, Nathanial Elsworth Cahill Dec 2013

Evaluating Economic Impacts Of Switchgrass Harvest Time, Nathanial Elsworth Cahill

Graduate Theses and Dissertations

This thesis deals with cost of production for cellulosic energy crops of switchgrass, miscanthus, and energy sorghum. The first chapter explains the rationale for development of decision support software called Energy Crop Analysis & Planning (ENCAP) and Switchgrass Harvest Date, Yield, Nutrient Removal Estimator (SHYNE). The second chapter examines harvest date implications on yield, nutrient removal, opportunity cost of modified sale dates, and post-harvest storage losses. This harvest date analysis leads to a profit maximizing harvest date from the perspective of the producer. While this harvest date may be optimal for the producer, biorefineries may be interested in sourcing switchgrass …

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Quantitative Trait Loci Associated With Waterlogging Tolerance In A Soft Red Winter Wheat Mapping Population, Diana Carolina Ballesteros Benavides Dec 2013

Quantitative Trait Loci Associated With Waterlogging Tolerance In A Soft Red Winter Wheat Mapping Population, Diana Carolina Ballesteros Benavides

Graduate Theses and Dissertations

Waterlogging is caused when water stays superficially in the soil for an extended period of time, creating an anaerobic environment which decreases plant growth and grain yield at maturity. Despite the impact of waterlogging on wheat production both globally and in the southeastern U.S., very little is known about the genetic control of waterlogging tolerance in wheat. The objective of this study was to determine the amount of genetic variation for vegetative stage waterlogging tolerance present within a wheat recombinant inbred line (RIL) population and to identify quantitative trait loci (QTL) associated with tolerance and productivity. Experiments were carried out …

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Effect Of Modified Starch On Bake-Only Chicken Nuggets, Sarah Purcell Dec 2013

Effect Of Modified Starch On Bake-Only Chicken Nuggets, Sarah Purcell

Graduate Theses and Dissertations

The food industry has become increasingly focused on healthier items. Fried foods especially are actively pursuing non-fried alternatives to attract health conscience consumers. This study investigated the bake-only chicken nugget formulation in attempts to provide characteristics of fried items. Starch was hydrolyzed by amyloglucosidase to create a porous structure that had the ability to absorb oil. Oil was plated into the enzyme-treated starch and blended into nugget formulation, and the coated nuggets were steam-baked until fully cooked. The enzyme-treated starches showed a decrease in gelatinization range and pasting viscosities for all starch types. The addition of oil-plated enzyme modified starch …

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The Effect Of Calcium And Nonphytate Phosphorus On Chicken Genetic Line, Egg Production, Shell Quality, Bone Homeostasis, And Progeny Bone Quality, Phiphob Sodsee Dec 2013

The Effect Of Calcium And Nonphytate Phosphorus On Chicken Genetic Line, Egg Production, Shell Quality, Bone Homeostasis, And Progeny Bone Quality, Phiphob Sodsee

Graduate Theses and Dissertations

The study consisted of two parts to determine effects of dietary calcium (Ca) and nonphytate phosphorus (NPP) level on four pure genetic lines of broiler breeders. The first part was concentrated on body composition, egg production and shell quality changes according to diet and genetic line. The second part was the study of bone homeostasis variables combining hematology, bone histology and body composition changes according to diet and genetic line. In the study, pullets (246 from each of pure genetic line A, B, C and D) were individually caged and light stimulated at 21 weeks of age. The study duration …

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In Vitro Analysis Of Short Chain Fatty Acids And Human Fecal Microbiota Stimulated By Pectin Sources, Byungjick Min Dec 2013

In Vitro Analysis Of Short Chain Fatty Acids And Human Fecal Microbiota Stimulated By Pectin Sources, Byungjick Min

Graduate Theses and Dissertations

As interest increases for colonic health, various studies have been conducted to investigate functional ingredients for host health and prevention of chronic disease in humans such as colon cancer and Type 2 diabetes. In particular dietary fiber has been reported to have beneficial effects on colonic health. More recently, dietary fiber has been categorized based on its characteristics and numerous studies have been conducted to determine correlations with chronic diseases. Pectin is a naturally occurring biopolymer that has been used in various applications for purposes of pharmaceutical and biotechnology. Pectin is a soluble dietary fiber and can be entirely fermented …

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The Market For Drug-Free Poultry: Why Robust Regulation Of Animal Raising Claims Is The Right Prescription To Combat Antibiotic Resistance, Dorinda L. Peacock Dec 2013

The Market For Drug-Free Poultry: Why Robust Regulation Of Animal Raising Claims Is The Right Prescription To Combat Antibiotic Resistance, Dorinda L. Peacock

Journal of Food Law & Policy

Since their introduction in the mid-twentieth century, antibiotics have become a mainstay of poultry production for purposes ranging from growth promotion to disease treatment and control. Nevertheless, for almost as long, there have been concerns about the role that these agricultural uses play in the development of antibiotic resistant bacteria. The issue of antibiotic resistance in general is fast becoming a public health crisis and scrutiny of agriculture as a contributing cause continues. Nevertheless, to date, neither regulatory efforts to curb agricultural usage nor private sector actions in response to consumer demand and public-interest campaigns have led to significant changes …

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Under-Regulation In The State Prison Food System: Consequences And A Proposal For Change, Michael D. Mckirgan Dec 2013

Under-Regulation In The State Prison Food System: Consequences And A Proposal For Change, Michael D. Mckirgan

Journal of Food Law & Policy

While federal and state government regulations have become commonplace in almost every conceivable facet of the modem American lifestyle, the prison food system has inconspicuously remained underregulated despite the progress made by the prisoners' rights movement in other areas. Legislatures in most states generally leave prison food regulation to the sole discretion of prison administrators, resulting in a "laissez-faire approach" in the prison food system; an anachronism in contemporary America. Some states' prison systems do in fact self regulate to an adequate degree despite this under-regulation, while others participate in voluntary, nongovernmental prison accreditation programs. However, many states and localities …

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Journal Of Food Law & Policy - Fall 2013, Journal Editors Dec 2013

Journal Of Food Law & Policy - Fall 2013, Journal Editors

Journal of Food Law & Policy

No abstract provided.

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Live For Now: Teens, Soda Marketing, And The Law, Richard A. Daynard, F. Brendan Burke, Cara L. Wilking Dec 2013

Live For Now: Teens, Soda Marketing, And The Law, Richard A. Daynard, F. Brendan Burke, Cara L. Wilking

Journal of Food Law & Policy

The alarming rate of overweight and obesity in U.S. children, adolescents, and adults has focused attention on the marketing of unhealthy foods and beverages.' Adolescents are heavily targeted in marketing for beverages, including sugary drinks like soda. They have higher rates of overweight and obesity than children less than five years of age, and are on a path to have a shorter life expectancy than their parents. This article analyzes soda marketing through the lens of teen biological and psychological development, marketing tactics commonly used with teen audiences, and consumer protection law principles.

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Yea Or Neigh? The Economics, Ethics, And Utility Of The Horsemeat Filet, L. Leon Geyer, Dan Lawler Dec 2013

Yea Or Neigh? The Economics, Ethics, And Utility Of The Horsemeat Filet, L. Leon Geyer, Dan Lawler

Journal of Food Law & Policy

While staying surprisingly low profile amongst the general populace, the issue of horse slaughter has become hotly contested in the last decade, evolving into a multifaceted controversy that intertwines questions regarding ethics, international commerce, and contemporary law and politics. Horses were slaughtered in the U.S. in United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) regulated plants until 2007, when an appropriations bill suspended funding for federal inspections of horsemeat. The U.S. was home to three domestic slaughterhouses - two in Texas and one in Illinois - that slaughtered an average of about 115,003 horses per year from 1990 to 2007. Currently, American …

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Influence Of Poultry-Litter Biochar On Early-Season Growth In Cotton, Taylor Dayne Coomer Dec 2013

Influence Of Poultry-Litter Biochar On Early-Season Growth In Cotton, Taylor Dayne Coomer

Crop, Soil and Environmental Sciences Undergraduate Honors Theses

Cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) is known for being sensitive to cool, wet soils, especially in the early stages of growth. Amendments such as soil fertilizers and manures added to soil can aid cotton seedlings in development and nutrient uptake. However, soil fertilizers and manures can be costly and detrimental to the environment, and alternatives such as the addition of biochar have been considered. Biochar is a high-carbon, nutrient-rich charcoal produced from organic matter that has gone through pyrolysis. Biochar has been shown to improve plant yield, soil microbial response, soil structure, soil cation-exchange capacity, and water-use efficiency, however research on …

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I Am Bedu: The Changing Bedouin In A Changing World, Nancy Allison Browning Dec 2013

I Am Bedu: The Changing Bedouin In A Changing World, Nancy Allison Browning

Graduate Theses and Dissertations

Change occurs throughout the world on a daily basis, and as a result, its inhabitants are encouraged to change as well. The population learns to adapt in various ways in order to survive, often times causing traditional practices to be forced aside in order to make way for more modern methods. Today, the Bedouin lifestyle is no longer limited to the classification of a pastoral nomad, located in the desert living in goat-hair tents, and herding camels. While there are several factors that could be taken into consideration in order to unpack what it means to be a Bedouin in …

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Electrostatic Spray Application Of Food-Grade Organic Acids And Plant Extracts To Decrease Escherichia Coli O157:H7 And Salmonella Typhimurium On Select Produce, Leighanna Maeree Massey Dec 2013

Electrostatic Spray Application Of Food-Grade Organic Acids And Plant Extracts To Decrease Escherichia Coli O157:H7 And Salmonella Typhimurium On Select Produce, Leighanna Maeree Massey

Graduate Theses and Dissertations

Both consumers and suppliers have been negatively affected by an increase in foodborne pathogens contaminating fruits. Consequently, there is a need for the development of more efficient antimicrobials and application techniques to decrease contamination. Natural preservatives such as organic acids and plant extracts have demonstrated promising results in decontaminating produce. In addition, the effectiveness of such preservatives may be enhanced by the use of an electrostatic sprayer. The objective of this research was to determine the combinations and concentrations of organic acids and plant extract that were able to reduce Salmonella Typhimurium (ST) and Escherichia coli O157:H7 (EC) inoculated fruits …

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A Comparison Of Nebulized Vitamin B12 Versus Oral Vitamin B12 Supplementation, Terry L. Williams Jr. Dec 2013

A Comparison Of Nebulized Vitamin B12 Versus Oral Vitamin B12 Supplementation, Terry L. Williams Jr.

Graduate Theses and Dissertations

Vitamin B12 is important for various processes in the human body including DNA synthesis, red blood cell production, energy production, fatty acid synthesis, and for the conversion of homocysteine into methionine. Vitamin B12 deficiency is becoming more prevalent. The purpose of this study was to evaluate if a different route of administration, i.e. nebulization, was a viable option for increasing serum levels of vitamin B12 in both exercisers and non-exercisers. The increasing number of people that are vitamin B12 deficient is due to several factors including medication use, elective gastric bypass surgery, and an increasing elderly population. There are currently …

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Greater Sage-Grouse (Centrocercus Urophasianus) Habitat Selection In Northwestern Wyoming And Stable Isotope Analysis Of Fecal Material, Andrea Renee Green Dec 2013

Greater Sage-Grouse (Centrocercus Urophasianus) Habitat Selection In Northwestern Wyoming And Stable Isotope Analysis Of Fecal Material, Andrea Renee Green

Graduate Theses and Dissertations

Dramatic range-wide declines in Greater Sage-Grouse populations have prompted efforts to determine habitat characteristics that are selected by sage-grouse for foraging, nesting and brood-rearing areas in an effort to conserve this species. Managers at Heart Mountain and Y U Bench in northwestern Wyoming expressed the need to quantify various habitat characteristics and to determine key use areas at both study sites. Data were collected on a variety of habitat variables in spots selected by grouse for foraging, nesting, and brood-rearing activities. These variables were compared to the same variables measured at random points at both study sites. Significant differences existed …

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Reservoir Management Techniques To Enhance Biological Productivity And Protect Water Quality, Ben Alan Thompson Dec 2013

Reservoir Management Techniques To Enhance Biological Productivity And Protect Water Quality, Ben Alan Thompson

Graduate Theses and Dissertations

Three reservoirs of similar size, watershed land use, and qualitative characteristics in northwest Arkansas, USA were selected to compare the effects of chemical fertilization and pulsed artificial-upwelling on whole-lake productivity, specifically primary production and phytoplankton biomass. Numerous water quality parameters were quantified over a two year period (2011-13) with the goal of understanding how each management technique would stimulate productivity. This experiment was the first step towards a larger goal to ultimately enhance sport fish production. The first year of monitoring occurred in 2011 and served as a control year for the three lakes. Treatments were initiated in two of …

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Effect Of Functional Starch In Brown Rice And Grain Sorghum On Plasma Glucose And Insulin Responses In Humans, Nicole Marie Poquette Dec 2013

Effect Of Functional Starch In Brown Rice And Grain Sorghum On Plasma Glucose And Insulin Responses In Humans, Nicole Marie Poquette

Graduate Theses and Dissertations

Diabetes and obesity are chronic illnesses increasing at dramatic rates in the U.S. and around the world. Research has looked to prevent or control diabetes and obesity through functional ingredients such as healthy-dietary carbohydrates to control blood glucose levels. Starch is a principle carbohydrate, which influences blood glucose levels, and measuring starch digestibility fractions can help predict the glucose response in the body. The objectives of this study were to investigate the functional starch content of parboiled brown rice flour and grain sorghum flour, and measure the effects on postprandial plasma glucose and insulin levels of 14 and 10 healthy …

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Consumer Adoption Of Health Information Systems, Sankara Subramanian Srinivasan Dec 2013

Consumer Adoption Of Health Information Systems, Sankara Subramanian Srinivasan

Graduate Theses and Dissertations

At nearly 18 percent of the country's GDP, the U.S. healthcare industry continues to wrestle with growing cost and a quality of care that does not match the increased spending. The dominant focus to date has been on promoting Health IT (HIT) system implementation and digitizing health records at the provider's end, with scant attention to the role of the patient in the healthcare process. The source of inefficiency in the healthcare system is not only on account of shortcomings at the provider's end but also due to non-compliance (such as failing to adhere to medication advice and follow-up visits) …

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Management Of Katahdin Hair Sheep, Elizabeth Ann Backes Dec 2013

Management Of Katahdin Hair Sheep, Elizabeth Ann Backes

Graduate Theses and Dissertations

The objectives of this research were to determine the effects of different management practices on Katahdin hair sheep performance. For experiment 1, over 2 yr, 5, 0.4-ha pastures were allocated randomly to 1 of 2 grazing treatments: 1) Continuous; or 2) 4-cell rotation. Fifty yearling Katahdin ewes (53 ± 0.7 kg initial BW; 3.3 ± 0.09 initial BCS) were stratified by BW and BCS and allocated randomly to pastures in early May. Grazing d, basal cover, forage quantity or quality did not differ across treatments; however, sampling date effects were detected for forage quantity and quality. Beginning and end of …

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Effect Of Electrostatic Spraying Of Food-Grade Organic And Inorganic Acids, And Grape Seed Extract On Salmonella Typhimurium And Escherichia Coli O157:H7 On Spinach And Iceberg Lettuce, Vijayalakshmi Ganesh Dec 2013

Effect Of Electrostatic Spraying Of Food-Grade Organic And Inorganic Acids, And Grape Seed Extract On Salmonella Typhimurium And Escherichia Coli O157:H7 On Spinach And Iceberg Lettuce, Vijayalakshmi Ganesh

Graduate Theses and Dissertations

The safety of fresh produce is often challenged by the sporadic incidences of outbreaks owing to Salmonella Typhimurium (S.T.) and Escherichia coli O157:H7 (E.c.). Washing and current disinfection strategies do not completely decontaminate leafy greens such as spinach and iceberg lettuce. Therefore, more effective treatments are essential to ensure the microbial safety of the produce at the selling point. Here, a multiple hurdle approach was applied: (1) Natural antimicrobials - organic acids (malic, lactic and tartaric acids; MA, LA, TA, respectively) and plant extract (grape seed extract, GSE) and (2) Application method - Electrostatic spraying, was …

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Ecological Importance Of Ectomycorrhizal Linkages In The Ozark Mountains And The Fernow Experimental Forests, Shelly Kendra Bursick Dec 2013

Ecological Importance Of Ectomycorrhizal Linkages In The Ozark Mountains And The Fernow Experimental Forests, Shelly Kendra Bursick

Graduate Theses and Dissertations

Underground stem-to-stem linkages involving ectomycorrhizal (ECM) fungi are probably important in forest ecosystems, since these linkages could assist in the survival of established trees as well as increasing the growth and development of seedlings and saplings. This study compared forest communities of the Ozark Mountains of northwest Arkansas and the Fernow Experimental Forest in West Virginia by examining species richness, diversity, relative abundance, and the potential for stems to exhibit spatial distribution and clustering patterns that reflected the existence of linkages by ECM fungi. Data on forest communities in the Ozarks were obtained from eight plot locations in Devil's Den …

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Lactic Acid Bacteria And Their Use In Swine Direct-Fed Microbials, Mari-Ellen Davis, Joshua M. Rehberger, Charles Maxwell, Thomas G. Rehberger, Mike King Oct 2013

Lactic Acid Bacteria And Their Use In Swine Direct-Fed Microbials, Mari-Ellen Davis, Joshua M. Rehberger, Charles Maxwell, Thomas G. Rehberger, Mike King

Patents Granted

'TRFs useful for identifying strains of interest are provided. A method of identifying one or more strain that can be used as a direct-fed microbial is also provided. One or more strain identified by the method is additionally provided. A method is also provided for administering to an animal an effective amount of the one or more strain. Additionally provided is an isolated strain chosen from at least one of Lactobacillus acidophilus strain PlB c6 (NRRL B-50103), Lactobacillus salivarius strain o246e 33w (NRRL B-50102), Pediococcus acidilactici strain o246e 42 (NRRL B-50171), and Pediococcus acidilactici strain PlJ e3 (NRRL B-50101). An …

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