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Articles 5101 - 5130 of 14456
Full-Text Articles in Entire DC Network
The Effect Of Right Ventricular Insertion Cooling On Wavebreak Initiation Following Defibrillation Shocks, Han Yu
All ETDs from UAB
Although strong defibrillation shocks can save patients from life-threating tachyarrhythmias, the function of the heart may be compromised. We found in an earlier study that the right ventricular insertion (RVI) is responsible for most of the initial propagation failure (wavebreak) that drives the transition from ventricular tachycardia (VT) to ventricular fibrillation (VF). To determine whether suppression of wavebreak at the RVI region can decrease VF re-occurrence after defibrillation, thereby decreasing the defibrillation shock strength threshold (DFT), a cooling method was developed to impede waves from propagating between the right ventricle (RV) and the left ventricle (LV) through the RVI. The …
Wireless Smart Bandage For Real-Time Monitoring And Healing Of Chronic Wounds, Ting Zhang
Wireless Smart Bandage For Real-Time Monitoring And Healing Of Chronic Wounds, Ting Zhang
All ETDs from UAB
Chronic wound recovery time is long and easy to recur, which brings a high burden on the patient's physical and psychological aspects. The increase in the cost of per capita medical services and the increase in the number of people in demand for medical services have led to an increasing requirement for real-time monitoring and healing in patient's health outside of the hospital. For this purpose, the smart bandage is being developed to monitor the real-time situation of the wound. With the development of wireless sensor networks, the increasing number of sensing units has placed a great burden on the …
Self-Tracking Practices: The Roles Of Social Contexts And Chronic Conditions, Aowen Zhu
Self-Tracking Practices: The Roles Of Social Contexts And Chronic Conditions, Aowen Zhu
All ETDs from UAB
The rapid development of mobile health (mHealth) technologies is propelled by the culture of disease prevention and management. Smartphone applications and wearable devices provide valuable personal data for self enhancement. In addition to health promotion, people with chronic conditions are using apps and devices to monitor symptoms and behaviors. There is great potential for self-tracking practices to reduce health care cost and improve population health. However, the emphasis on personal responsibility of individuals’ health may hinder the long-term effectiveness of self-tracking practices. The purpose of the study is to examine the associations between social contexts and self-tracking practices, chronic health …
Exposure Assessment Of Ultrafine Particles And Hazardous Chemicals In Electronic Cigarettes, Oluwabunmi Magret Dada
Exposure Assessment Of Ultrafine Particles And Hazardous Chemicals In Electronic Cigarettes, Oluwabunmi Magret Dada
All ETDs from UAB
The widespread use of electronic cigarettes (e-cig) among youths and adolescents is a growing public health problem due to exposures to harmful byproducts formed during heating. These byproducts include particulate matter, benzene, and toluene. However, the mechanisms and variables governing their formation including the chemical content of e-cig liquid (e-liquid) are not fully understood. This study aimed to assess exposures to particulate matter, benzene, and toluene in e-cig vapors (e-vapors) and their coupling to e-liquid chemical content. A novel nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy method was developed to characterize e-liquids (propylene glycol, glycerol, and nicotine) and the functional content of flavorings. …
Kidney Resident Macrophages Utilize Developmental Programming During Healing From Acute Kidney Injury, Jeremie Matthew Peabody Lever
Kidney Resident Macrophages Utilize Developmental Programming During Healing From Acute Kidney Injury, Jeremie Matthew Peabody Lever
All ETDs from UAB
Acute kidney injury (AKI) can be a devastating condition, affecting up to sixty percent of critically ill patients in the United States. Despite the fact that AKI is associated with an increased risk of chronic kidney disease (CKD) and mortality, there are no targeted therapies available to treat it. Kidney resident macrophages (KRM) are likely necessary for healing and resolution of animal models of AKI. However, there remains a gap in knowledge regarding how KRM effect this function. The purpose of my thesis was to elucidate lineage relationships and functionally relevant adaptations of KRM and monocyte-derived mononuclear phagocytes (infiltrative MP) …
Recycling Of Secondary Composite Materials, Kristin Nicole Hardin
Recycling Of Secondary Composite Materials, Kristin Nicole Hardin
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Over the past two decades, composites have shown their ability to help shape and define sustainability through many of their inherent characteristics, such as having high strength-to-weight ratio with long life cycles. However, composites in general are not widely recycled. Current production scrap, reject parts and end of life components are disposed of in landfills, which is costly and damaging to the environment. Driven largely by public perception and technology, the composites industry is starting to put efforts into research and design of composite recycling. Two of the biggest hurdles to widespread composite recycling is the lack of knowledge for …
Characterizing The Hiv-1 Envelope N-Glycan Shield, Audra Ann Hargett
Characterizing The Hiv-1 Envelope N-Glycan Shield, Audra Ann Hargett
All ETDs from UAB
In 2017, there was an estimated 1.8 million new HIV-1 infections worldwide. Development of an effective HIV-1 vaccine would begin to quell this global pandemic. HIV-1 envelope (Env) glycoprotein is the main vaccine candidate target due to the immune systems ability to generate broadly neutralizing antibodies (bnAbs) against Env. Approximately 90 N-glycans form a glycan shield that is the primary interface between the virus and host immune system. Key glycan motifs within the glycan shield are targets for bnAbs and are necessary for HIV-1 infectivity. Herein, we explore how naturally occurring mutations alter the glycan shield and HIV-1 Env function. …
Applying Markov Processes To Model Disability In Relapsing Multiple Sclerosis Patients, Anastasia Hartzes
Applying Markov Processes To Model Disability In Relapsing Multiple Sclerosis Patients, Anastasia Hartzes
All ETDs from UAB
Modeling disability in multiple sclerosis (MS) is challenging due to its complexity and non-linearity, with utilized methodology having many limitations. Lack of a suitable biomarker has led to relying on statistical models to understand disease progression. Markov methodology has been limitedly applied to the clinically-assessed Expanded Disability Status Score (EDSS), but not to patient-reported Patient Determined Disease Steps (PDDS); both measure disease progression and disability, and neither have been analyzed using the Test of Lumpability (TOL). It is common practice to aggregate these scores for computational or inferential convenience; in the case of Markov Chains (MC), combining states is referred …
Investigating The Rho-Kinase (Rock) Signaling Pathway As A Therapeutic Target In Alzheimer’S Disease, Benjamin Wade Henderson
Investigating The Rho-Kinase (Rock) Signaling Pathway As A Therapeutic Target In Alzheimer’S Disease, Benjamin Wade Henderson
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Current estimates project that there are approximately 5.4 million Americans affected by Alzheimer’s disease (AD). While this number is expected to dramatically increase in the years to come, there is currently no disease modifying therapeutic to prevent or slow AD progression. Cognitive decline is a clinical hallmark of AD, while accumulation of amyloid-β (Aβ) is a pathological hallmark. Work in the field has demonstrated that mitigating Aβ levels may serve as a rational therapeutic avenue to slow progression of the disease. Pharmacologic inhibition of the Rho-associated protein kinases (ROCK1 and ROCK2) is proposed to curb Aβ levels, and mechanisms that …
Bdnf/Trkb.T1 Signaling: A Novel Mechanism Of Astrocyte Morphological Maturation, Leanne Holt
Bdnf/Trkb.T1 Signaling: A Novel Mechanism Of Astrocyte Morphological Maturation, Leanne Holt
All ETDs from UAB
Astrocytic morphogenesis and maturation are critical steps in central nervous system (CNS) development. During morphological maturation, astrocytes extend fine peripheral processes which infiltrate the neuropil and form intimate partners with neuronal structures, including synapses, where they facilitate neurotransmitter and K+ uptake and contribute to synaptic development and stabilization. The developmental time window of astrocyte morphological maturation and refinement is well defined, but the molecular mechanisms that underlie this process are not understood. Brain derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) is a critical growth factor involved in the development and maturation of neurons. We developed a novel technique for the specific isolation of …
Social And Emotional Development In Early Childhood: Examining The Relationship Between Teacher Beliefs, Assessment, And Teaching Practices, William Hooper
Social And Emotional Development In Early Childhood: Examining The Relationship Between Teacher Beliefs, Assessment, And Teaching Practices, William Hooper
All ETDs from UAB
The purpose of this sequential explanatory mixed methods study was to examine the relationship between teachers’ perceptions of the effectiveness of both the Devereux Early Childhood Assessment (DECA-P) and the Conscious Discipline program and their connections with teaching practices that support children’s social and emotional development. Quantitative data collected during phase one of the study examined the relationship between teachers’ perceptions of the effectiveness of the DECA-P and the Conscious Discipline program used for undertaking social and emotional assessments and supports for teaching practices. Quantitative data was collected through the distribution and completion (n = 72) of an adapted Treatment …
Beyond Access: Predictors Of Unmet Need For Health Care From Adolescence To Young Adulthood, Sarah B. Rutland
Beyond Access: Predictors Of Unmet Need For Health Care From Adolescence To Young Adulthood, Sarah B. Rutland
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Background: Unmet need (UN) can be characterized as a person not getting care even when they think they need it. Younger populations are understudied for UN, even though UN can emerge as early as adolescence. The aim of this dissertation is to use the national Longitudinal Study of Adolescent to Adult Health (Add Health) to examine whether adolescent socioeconomic status (SES) or health factors better predict UN over time, and how UN differs by race/ethnicity. Life course perspective, cumulative advantage and disadvantage hypothesis, and fundamental cause theory inform my hypotheses. Primary hypotheses: 1) The likelihood of UN will increase over …
The Influence Of O-Glcnacylation On Dna 5-Hydroxymethylation In The Epileptic Hippocampus, Richard Gilbert Sánchez
The Influence Of O-Glcnacylation On Dna 5-Hydroxymethylation In The Epileptic Hippocampus, Richard Gilbert Sánchez
All ETDs from UAB
Epilepsy is a neurological disorder that affects roughly 3 million Americans and 65 million individuals worldwide. Although there are several known causes of epilepsy, little is understood about the development of epilepsy or epileptogenesis. What has been observed through multiple studies of epilepsy is an alteration of the proteomic profile, along with a distinct change in post-translational modifications (PTM). Studies have focused on phosphorylation and a variety of kinases that are upregulated during epilepsy with little clinical translation. This dissertation investigates O-GlcNAcylation, a PTM that is highly intertwined with the cellular metabolism, and its epigenetic effects on gene expression via …
Postpartum Body Composition And Breast Milk Hormones, Camille Schneider
Postpartum Body Composition And Breast Milk Hormones, Camille Schneider
All ETDs from UAB
The prevalence of both adult and child obesity continues to rise. Children born to mothers with obesity have a greater risk for future obesity and chronic disease. There is an increasing body of literature suggesting that pregnancy and infancy are critical periods influencing the child’s risk for obesity. However, little is known about whether consumption of breast milk from an obese mother might influence the child’s metabolic programming and growth. The purpose of this dissertation was to examine the association of maternal adiposity with insulin and leptin in breast milk and, in turn, whether breast milk insulin, leptin, and glucose …
Targeting The Nad Salvage Pathway For The Treatment Of The Parasitic Disease Schistosomiasis, Michael David Schultz
Targeting The Nad Salvage Pathway For The Treatment Of The Parasitic Disease Schistosomiasis, Michael David Schultz
All ETDs from UAB
Schistosomiasis, also known as bilharzia, is the third most common parasitic infection worldwide and a major source of morbidity and mortality in developing countries. Caused by trematodes in the genus Schistosoma, this parasitic disease has no vaccine therapy and resources for drug development are scarce. Despite an unknown mechanism of action, praziquantal has become the primary source of treatment due to its efficacy against all species of Schistosoma. However, with increased drug resistance in endemic areas and low activity against immature parasites, relying on this single drug is unsustainable and risky. Hence, there is a growing need for new, safe …
Examining The Impact Of Couple Relationship Factors On Male Engagement Pregnancy Health And Communal Coping, Pamela Musoke
Examining The Impact Of Couple Relationship Factors On Male Engagement Pregnancy Health And Communal Coping, Pamela Musoke
All ETDs from UAB
Focusing on male partner engagement in HIV prevention is an important aspect of intervention and policy development and implementation within the sub-Saharan African context. However, engaging male partners safely and effectively to improve the impact and sustainability of HIV prevention modalities remains challenging due to continued impact of traditional gender roles that may affect the willingness and confidence to engage in pregnancy health. Additionally, the lack of knowledge of how best to engage in pregnancy health beyond financial support makes it difficult for male partners to engage. This dissertation’s overall aim is to explore aspects of male partner engagement's influences …
Optimizing Toc Removal For Dbp Reduction In Drinking Water While Overcoming Source Water Variations, April Nabors
Optimizing Toc Removal For Dbp Reduction In Drinking Water While Overcoming Source Water Variations, April Nabors
All ETDs from UAB
Department of Civil, Construction, and Environmental Engineering University of Alabama at Birmingham ABSTRACT This dissertation used a holistic approach to research ways to optimize disinfection by-product (DBP) reduction during each sector of the conventional drinking water treatment process, regardless of the source water type or quality, in an overall effort to meet the USEPA Stage 2 Disinfection/Disinfection By-Products Rule (D/DBPR). DBPs are formed from the reaction between naturally occurring total organic carbon (TOC) in the water and disinfectants used during the treatment process. For this dissertation, effective treatment was measured by the amount of TOC that was removed through the …
Effects Of Differential Fore Aft Resistance On Propulsive Force Generation During Walking In Nonimpaired And Poststroke Individuals, Avantika Naidu
Effects Of Differential Fore Aft Resistance On Propulsive Force Generation During Walking In Nonimpaired And Poststroke Individuals, Avantika Naidu
All ETDs from UAB
Background: Impaired paretic limb-loading dynamics and force-generation ability due to hemiparesis are partially responsible for permanent locomotor deficits poststroke. During walking, inability of the paretic limb to generate sufficient propulsive-forces causes reliance on compensatory strategies, wherein the nonparetic limb generates the majority of propulsive-forces needed for forward progression and speed modulation. Purpose: To investigate factors that can improve paretic limb propulsion and walking function, I present four studies. The first pertains to a protocol for a poststroke body-weight-support treadmill-training (BWSTT) study, while the others concern a mechanistic exploration of propulsive-force generation during walking against combined and differential FA resistance. Methods: …
A Deep Learning Approach For Identifying Key Biomarkers In Medical Imaging Applications, David Odaibo
A Deep Learning Approach For Identifying Key Biomarkers In Medical Imaging Applications, David Odaibo
All ETDs from UAB
Although Deep Leaning has achieved great success in many domains in recent years, research into its applicability and effectiveness in medical applications has been limited for various reasons. Some of these barriers are related to the historic impression that neural networks are black boxes, especially when applied to medical diagnosis and offer no in terpretation into prediction. In this dissertation, I demonstrated that deep learning can be an effective utility in medical diagnosis and biomarker detection. In particular, I have developed deep learning models that can identify biomarkers in brain hemorrhage, brain tumor, pneumonia, diabetic retinopathy and Parkinsons disease, with …
Dwivedi Named To National Suicide Prevention Organization Board, Staff
Dwivedi Named To National Suicide Prevention Organization Board, Staff
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No abstract provided.
Six Ways To Avoid The Flu While Traveling During The Holidays, Alicia Rohan
Six Ways To Avoid The Flu While Traveling During The Holidays, Alicia Rohan
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No abstract provided.
Uab Eye Care Sees 1,000th Patient At Gift Of Sight, Alicia Rohan
Uab Eye Care Sees 1,000th Patient At Gift Of Sight, Alicia Rohan
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No abstract provided.
Blood And Marrow Transplant Patients Celebrate The Holidays With Uab, Staff
Blood And Marrow Transplant Patients Celebrate The Holidays With Uab, Staff
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No abstract provided.
Keep Germs To Yourself And Help Prevent The Spread Of The Flu, Alicia Rohan
Keep Germs To Yourself And Help Prevent The Spread Of The Flu, Alicia Rohan
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No abstract provided.
Bhatia Receives Award From The American Society Of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, Brit Blalock
Bhatia Receives Award From The American Society Of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, Brit Blalock
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No abstract provided.
Dean's Message: Five Years Of Progress And Beyond, Selwyn M. Vickers Md
Dean's Message: Five Years Of Progress And Beyond, Selwyn M. Vickers Md
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No abstract provided.
Uab International Medical Education Partners With Chung Shan Medical University For Medical Student Exchange Program, Brit Blalock
Uab International Medical Education Partners With Chung Shan Medical University For Medical Student Exchange Program, Brit Blalock
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No abstract provided.
Graduation Ceremonies Highlight Eve Of Uab Football's Bowl Game, Tyler Greer
Graduation Ceremonies Highlight Eve Of Uab Football's Bowl Game, Tyler Greer
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No abstract provided.
Finding A Key Mechanism In Assembly Of Asv, A 100-Year-Old Virus Often Used To Study Hiv-1, Staff
Finding A Key Mechanism In Assembly Of Asv, A 100-Year-Old Virus Often Used To Study Hiv-1, Staff
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No abstract provided.
"Bean Bags" Aim To Give Uab Hospital Families Basic Comforts, Necessities During Their Stay, Staff
"Bean Bags" Aim To Give Uab Hospital Families Basic Comforts, Necessities During Their Stay, Staff
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No abstract provided.