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Efficacy And Safety Of Low-Power Holmium Laser Enucleation Of The Prostate: Experience Gained From More Than 700 Cases ​, Bahadir Topuz, Can Si̇ci̇mli̇, Ahmet Hali̇s, Engi̇n Kaya, Sercan Yilmaz, Murat Zor, Serdar Yalçin, Selahatti̇n Bedi̇r

Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences

Background/aim: The aim of this study was to investigate the functional outcomes, safety, and effectiveness of low-power (LP) holmium laser enucleation of the prostate (HoLEP) using a 37.5 W holmium laser source.

Materials and methods: We retrospectively reviewed 713 patients with a diagnosis of benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) treated with HoLEP using an LP setting (37.5 W laser set to 1.5 J with a frequency of 25 Hz). All procedures were performed by experienced urologists. Functional outcomes, perioperative parameters, and complications were assessed over a 12-month follow-up period. Effect sizes (Cohen’s d) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were calculated to …

Characteristics And Complications Of Uveitis In Patients Referred To Rheumatology: A Single-Center Study, Handan Yarkan Tuğsal, Serdar Sezer, Gözde Orman, Gülten Sungur

Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences

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Background/aim: To evaluate the clinical, demographic, and complication data of patients with new-onset uveitis at the ophthalmology and rheumatology departments of a single center.

Materials and methods: This retrospective study included patients newly diagnosed with uveitis who were referred to the rheumatology department for etiological evaluation between August 2021 and August 2024. Patients with a history of rheumatologic diseases associated with uveitis were not included in the study.

Results: A total of 91 patients (female: n = 59, 65%) who met the inclusion criteria were enrolled in the study. The mean age at uveitis diagnosis was 45.7 ± 14.8 …

Hesperidin Efficacy Of Epidural Fibrosis In A Post Laminectomy Rat Model: An Experimental Study, Emrah Keski̇n, Mehmet Seli̇m Gel

Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences

Background/aim: Epidural fibrosis (EF) plays a significant role in the development of failed back surgery syndrome (FBSS). This study evaluates the antifibrotic effect of hesperidin, a citrus-derived bioflavonoid, within a rat laminectomy model.

Materials and methods: Thirty-two female Wistar albino rats were randomized into four groups (n = 8 each). Group 1 received laminectomy alone (control); Group 2 received a gelatin sponge; Groups 3 and 4 intraperitoneally received 50 mg/kg and 100 mg/kg of hesperidin, respectively, for 7 days post-laminectomy. After 6 weeks, epidural tissues were assessed histopathologically, and hydroxyproline levels were measured.

Results: Group 4 showed significantly lower EF …

Effect Of The Prognostic Nutritional Index On Stent Restenosis In Patients With Chronic Coronary Syndrome, Burak Kardeşler, Serdal Baştuğ, Kamuran Kalkan, Mehmet Erdoğan, Furkan Külekci̇, Muhammed Yunus Çalapkulu, Nur Beton, Abdullah Nabi̇ Aslan, Hafi̇ze Corut Güzel, Tahi̇r Durmaz

Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences

Background/aim: In-stent restenosis (ISR) remains a significant clinical challenge in patients undergoing percutaneous coronary interventions. We investigated the association between Prognostic Nutritional Index (PNI) and ISR in patients with chronic coronary syndrome.

Materials and methods: A total of 1007 patients who underwent coronary angiography for a provisional diagnosis of chronic coronary syndrome between March 1, 2019, and July 1, 2022, were included in the study. They were divided into two groups: ISR (n = 395) and non-ISR (n = 612). PNI was calculated using patients’ laboratory values before coronary angiography with the following formula: PNI = (10 × albumin (g/dL)) …

Ai Performance In Emergency Medicine Fellowship Examination: Comparative Analysis Of Chatgpt-4o, Gemini 2.0, Claude 3.5, And Deepseek R1 Models, İshak Şan, Medi̇ne Akkan Öz, Mehmet Yortanli, Murat Genç, Bensu Bulut, Ayşenur Gür, Rami̇z Yazici, Hüseyi̇n Mutlu, Mustafa Önder Gönen

Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences

Background/aim: This study evaluated the accuracy rates and response consistency of four different large language models (ChatGPT- 4o, Gemini 2.0, Claude 3.5, and DeepSeek R1) in answering questions from the Emergency Medicine Fellowship Examination (YDUS), which was administered for the first time in Türkiye.

Materials and methods: In this observational study, 60 multiple-choice questions from the Emergency Medicine YDUS administered on 15 December 2024, were classified as knowledge-based (n = 26), visual content (n = 2), and case-based (n = 32). Each question was presented three times to the four large language models. The models’ accuracy rates were evaluated according …

Investigating Patient Non-Attendance To Healthcare Appointments In Türkiye: Data From A State Hospital And An Oral And Dental Health Center, Eyüp Sari, Ali̇ Ni̇yazi̇ Kurtcebe, Ci̇han Döğer, Recep Aydin

Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences

Background/aim: To determine the frequency and reasons for appointment nonattendance in a state hospital and a dental health center in a densely populated district of Türkiye, and to identify related factors to guide preventive measures.

Materials and methods: This retrospective cross-sectional study included patients who scheduled appointments at Ankara Etimesgut State Hospital and Etimesgut Oral and Dental Health Center through the Centralized Patient Appointment System (Merkezi Hekim Randevu Sistemi; MHRS) in February 2024. Nonattendees were contacted in March 2024 to determine reasons for nonattendance.

Results: A total of 30,552 appointments were analyzed (1978 dental, 28,574 hospital). The overall nonattendance rate …

Importance Of Sample Selection And Generalisability In Scientific Methodology ​, Egemen Ünal, Şefi̇k Yurdakul, Okan Maden

Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences

No abstract provided.

Letter To The Editor Regarding ‘‘Kara M, Alp G, Pekdiker M, Ketenci S, Porreca A Et Al. Evaluating Leflunomide Andmethotrexate Combination Vs. Monotherapy In Rheumatoid And Psoriatic Arthritis. Turkish Journal Of Medical Sciences: 2025; 55 (3): 632-643’’, Özge Tezen

Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences

No abstract provided.

Baseline Neurofilament Light Chain And Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor Levels Predict Development Of Aggressive Multiple Sclerosis, Ruzi̇ye Erol Yildiz, Ece Akbayir, Tuğçe Kizilay, Ayça Si̇may Ersöz, Duygu Özkan Yaşargün, Devran Süer, Vuslat Yilmaz, Erdem Tüzün, Recai̇ Türkoğlu

Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences

Background/aim: Patients with multiple sclerosis (MS) may present with a rapidly disabling clinical course in the first few years of disease. It is imperative to find biomarkers to predict patients with aggressive MS (AMS) and have an opportunity to prevent disability accumulation through appropriate treatment strategies. Our aim was to explore the prognostic value of neurofilament light chain (NFL) and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) levels in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) obtained in the early stages of MS.

Materials and methods: Relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS) patients presenting with first-time attacks were screened, of which 26 fulfilled AMS criteria in the 3-year follow-up …

Cover And Contents

Turkish Journal of Earth Sciences

No abstract provided.

Fungal Palynomorphs From The Lower Cretaceous (Berriasian–Albian) Of Jangareddygudem Area Of The Chintalapudi Subbasin, Andhra Pradesh, South Part Of India, Harinam Joshi, Neerja Jha, Sarah Gonçalves Duarte, Sari̇ye Duygu Durak, Haytham Elatfy

Turkish Journal of Earth Sciences

A diverse array of thalli, fruiting bodies, spores, and other fungal structures has been observed in palynological samples collected from the sedimentary sequence MJR-11, drilled in the Jangareddygudem area of the Chintalapudi subbasin, Andhra Pradesh, southern India. The sedimentary sequence is dated to the Kimmeridgian–early Albian, based on palynology. However, the focus of the present work is on the Early Cretaceous (Berriasian–early Albian). A well-developed and diverse fungal assemblage consistently occurred throughout most of the succession, together with predominant conifer pollen grains and highly diversified pteridophytic and bryophytic spores. Furthermore, the recorded palynomorphs suggest deposition under both continental and marine …

Fault Morphology Along A Sinistral Active Fault Near A Continental Triple Junction: The Ilıca Segment At The Northern Termination Of The East Anatolian Fault Zone, Türkiye, Aynur Di̇kbaş, Hani̇fe Merve Önal

Turkish Journal of Earth Sciences

The East Anatolian fault zone (EAFZ) is an approximately 430 km long sinistral transform fault that bounds the southwestern margin of the Anatolian microplate between Karlıova (Bingöl) and Kahramanmaraş. It constitutes part of the Karlıova triple junction (KTJ) in eastern Anatolia. Near the KTJ, the Ilıca and Karlıova segments delineate the EAFZ. The Ilıca segment, approximately 38 km long, exhibits distinct fault-related geological structures, including linear valleys, elongated ridges, saddles, sag ponds, shutter ridges, thermal springs, and travertines. Based on extensive mapping using high-resolution imagery and field investigations, the Ilıca segment has been categorized into three sections: section 1 and …

First Insights Into The Origin Of Iron In Eastern Cilicia During The Iron Age, Using Osmium Isotope And Trace Element Analysis, Ivan Stepanov, Hüseyi̇n Öztürk, Michael Brauns, Ernst Pernicka, Nurullah Hanilçi, Ümi̇t Güder

Turkish Journal of Earth Sciences

Due to the abundance of ore resources and the probable technological advances of the Hittite civilisation, the Anatolian plateau is conventionally regarded as “the birthplace” of iron smelting technology. The present paper presents a complex archaeometric investigation of iron production remains from the Middle and Late Iron Age phases (c. 750–575 BC) at Kinet Höyük, a major trading port on the coast of eastern Cilicia (modern-day Dörtyol, Hatay). To provide an initial insight into the sources of iron processed at Kinet Höyük and to generate an overview of the 187Os/188Os and 187Re/188Os isotope ratios expected from eastern Anatolian iron ores, …

Coseismic Surface Deformation Analyses Using Sar And Optical Images: 2023 Kahramanmaraş Earthquake Sequence, Türkiye, Han-Kyung Bae, Gwang-Woo Oh, Jin-Hyuck Choi

Turkish Journal of Earth Sciences

The 2023 Kahramanmaraş earthquake sequence in Türkiye, including Mw 7.7 and 7.6 mainshocks, caused significant surface ruptures along the East Anatolian Fault (EAF) and Sürgü–Çardak Fault (SCF). We calculated the coseismic displacement fields through pixel offset tracking (POT) analysis of Sentinel-1 SAR data and optical image correlation (OIC) analysis of Sentinel-2 imagery. Our results reveal distinct sinistral motion along both the EAF and SCF, with maximum offsets of about 7 and 9 m, respectively. Deformation zones were identified both on and off the fault, highlighting the relationship between the rupture geometry and the broader deformation field. A comparative evaluation of …

Geomagnetic Activity For The Kp = 7.3 Geomagnetic Storm In November 2023 Assessed By Observational Data, Eli̇f Çi̇ftçi̇, Özlem Hacioğlu

Turkish Journal of Earth Sciences

The geomagnetic storm of 4–6 November 2023, driven by an Earth-directed coronal mass ejection (CME), was a significant event marked by a peak geomagnetic activity index (Kp) of 7.3 on a 0–9 scale, indicating severe disturbance in Earth’s magnetic field. This CME-induced storm was characterized by intense auroral displays and reached a G3 level (Dst = −172 nT) around 12:40 UT on 5 November, with auroras observed at midlatitudes across Europe. This study examines the effects of the storm on the horizontal (H), declination (D), and vertical (Z) components of the geomagnetic field using data from sunlit-side magnetometer measurements. Planetary …

Preliminary Petrological, Mineralogical, And Geochemical Evaluation Of A Newly Discovered Lignite Field In Yatağan, Muğla (Sw Türkiye), Işik Hacimustafaoğlu, Mehmet Akbulut, Hülya İnaner, Kimon Christanis

Turkish Journal of Earth Sciences

Thirty-two coal and seven inorganic core samples from a newly discovered coalfield in the Yatağan region of the Muğla Basin were analysed to reconstruct the depositional palaeoenvironment. The coal has an average bed moisture of 34.60%, an ash yield of 33.73% (db), a volatile matter yield of 57.91% (daf), and a gross calorific value of 12.18 MJ/kg (maf). It is composed of mainly huminite macerals (up to 91 vol.%, on whole-rock basis), predominantly densinite, along small amounts of liptinite and inertinite macerals. The average random reflectance of huminite is 0.28%, and the primary minerals identified include pyrite, quartz, and clay …

Quick Antiquing Of Natural Stones In The Restoration Process, Hakan Elçi̇

Turkish Journal of Earth Sciences

When ancient buildings are restored, even though the restored section uses natural stone with the same lithological characteristics and texture as the building, there is a noticeable color difference between the restored and ancient portions of the building, signifying an old/new difference. This color difference, which is caused by the deterioration of the natural stone used in the ancient structure over many years, gives the natural stone a black or brown appearance. In this study, white marble, travertine, and sandstone were treated with antiquing techniques described in the literature. The goal was to identify the technique that produces the most …

Trcaptionnet++: A High-Performance Encoder-Decoder Based Deep Turkish Image Captioning Model Fine-Tuned With A Large-Scale Set Of Pretrain Data, Serdar Yildiz, Abbas Memi̇ş, Songül Varli

Turkish Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences

This paper introduces a novel and high-performance encoder-decoder-based deep model called TRCaption Net++ for generic Turkish image captioning tasks. The proposed model is an improved and refined version of TRCap tionNet, which essentially employs a CLIP (contrastive language–image pretraining) image encoder, a feature projection layer and a BERT (bidirectional encoder representations from transformers) text decoder. Within the scope of the study, the regular TRCaptionNet model was trained and specifically fine-tuned with a massive set of image data. In this respect, approximately 2,000,000 random images representing the words in the MS COCO and Flickr caption sets were retrieved through web crawling …

Enhanced Pmu Data Imputation Using Variational Autoencoder: A Novel Approach For Improved Accuracy, Subin Koshy, Sunitha Rajan, Elizabeth P. Cheriyan

Turkish Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences

Data collected from various measurement devices, such as phasor measurement units (PMUs), form the backbone of power system monitoring algorithms such as state estimation algorithms. Even though modern PMUs are efficient, data inaccuracies and loss can still occur due to problems like equipment malfunctions, communication issues, and hardware or software glitches. Missing values in the datasets can also affect the overall quality, impacting the algorithms dependent on them. This article introduces a novel technique for real-time imputation of missing data using variational autoencoder (VAE) and utilizing the latent space representation acquired from VAE. The method has demonstrated enhanced accuracy in …

Automatic Detection Of Depression Using A Cnn-Transformer Model Based On Low-Channel Eeg Data, Dongfang Yu, Penghai Li, Fei Su, Kun Wang, Shutong Duan, Ding Yuan

Turkish Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences

Background: Accurate and portable diagnostic tools for Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) remain a critical unmet need in clinical practice. Electroencephalography (EEG), with its noninvasiveness and high sensitivity, presents an ideal modality, yet traditional multi-channel EEG systems limit clinical convenience and practical deployment. Methods: We developed a novel CNN-Transformer hybrid model using only eight EEG channels selected from frontal regions to detect MDD. Minimal preprocessing steps (basic filtering) were applied to EEG data before the model automatically learned both local and global signal features through convolutional and self-attention mechanisms. We validated this method through comprehensive experiments, including within-dataset and cross-dataset evaluations, …

Electronically Tunable Cccii And Ota-Based Fractional-Order Meminductor Emulator And Its Application, Bhawna Aggarwal, Rupam Das, Shireesh Kumar Rai

Turkish Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences

In this paper, two fractional-order meminductor (FOMI) emulators have been realized using second-generation current-controlled conveyor (CCCII) and operational transconductance amplifier (OTA). In the first realization, two OTAs, one CCCII, one resistor, one fractional-order capacitor, and one integer-order capacitor are used. In the second configuration two CCCIIs, one OTA, two resistors, one fractional-order capacitor, and one integer-order capacitor are used. Pinched hysteresis loops have been achieved for a wide range of frequencies. The robustness of the proposed FOMI emulators has been verified through formation of pinched hysteresis loops under process, voltage, and temperature variations. Other characteristics, such as transient analysis, nonvolatility …

Cover And Contents

Turkish Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences

No abstract provided.

A Comprehensive Approach For Design And Optimization Of A High Power Density Interior Permanent Magnet Motor For Evs, Bati Eren Ergun, Ahmet Hakan Oğuz, Güven Onur, Zeynep Akyüz, Derya Kocabaş, Mehmet Onur Gülbahçe

Turkish Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences

This study presents a comprehensive design and optimization framework that addresses both electromagnetic and thermal aspects of an interior permanent magnet synchronous motor (IPMSM) intended for use in midsize commercial EVs. A 60-slot/10-pole IPMSM with a V-shaped rotor, capable of delivering 125 kW peak power at 4500 rpm from a 400 VDC bus, has been developed using a systematic approach. The design process begins with analytical estimations to determine initial motor geometry and performance parameters, followed by a finite element-based validation. To enhance performance, a multiobjective optimization is conducted using the nondominated sorting genetic algorithm II (NSGA-II). The optimization targets …

Yoganglenet: Body Angle-Based Yogic Posture Classification Approach Using Mediapipe From Single-Person Images, Arun Kumar Rajendran, Sibi Chakkaravarthy Sethuraman

Turkish Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences

The profound psychological and physical benefits of yoga have attracted global interest. This study explores yoga pose classification using angle values derived from single-person posture images. The dataset is carefully curated and consists exclusively of single-person yoga postures. The proposed method applies feature selection to improve model performance, achieving high accuracy with the random forest (RF) classifier. Using the top four selected features, our approach attains a maximum testing accuracy of 92.63%. A key contribution of this study is its strong focus on model interpretability. To explain model predictions and clarify decision-making, we employ Local Interpretable Model-Agnostic Explanations (LIME) and …

Fractional-Order Adaptive Terminal Sliding Mode Control For Synchronization Of Uncertain Chaotic Memristive Chua's Circuit, Dorukhan Asteki̇n, Fati̇h Adigüzel

Turkish Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences

Memristive-based chaotic dynamical systems exhibit chaotic behavior with signals of unpredictable complex ity, making it difficult to achieve full synchronization in master-slave systems. Therefore, an advanced synchronization method is required to overcome the chaotic model uncertainties and external disturbances. In this study, a fractional order terminal sliding mode synchronization is proposed for the uncertain memristive chaotic Chua’s circuit. After presenting the integer-order model of the chaotic memristive Chua’s circuit, a fractional-order sliding surface-based non linear synchronization structure, incorporating the fractional derivative operator, is designed. The convergence of the synchronization closed-loop system is proven using Lyapunov theory. To demonstrate its effectiveness …

Electromagnetic Simulations Of Antennas On Gpus For Machine Learning Applications, Murat Temi̇z, Vemund Bakken

Turkish Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences

This study proposes an antenna simulation framework powered by graphics processing units (GPUs) based on an open-source electromagnetic (EM) simulation software (gprMax) for machine learning applications of antenna design and optimization. Furthermore, it compares the simulation results with those obtained through commercial EM software. The proposed software framework for machine learning and surrogate model applications will produce antenna data sets consisting of a large number of antenna simulation results using GPUs. Although machine learning methods can attain the optimum solutions for many problems, they are known to be data-hungry and require a great deal of samples for the training stage …

Basgit: A Secure Digital Epassport Alternative, Ceren Kocaoğullar, Kaan Yildirim, Mert Ati̇la Sakaoğullari, Alpteki̇n Küpçü

Turkish Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences

We present a solution to the challenge of securely issuing both paper-based and mobile phone-based passports without requiring specialized production techniques. Our solution offers improved security, privacy, and usability compared to the ePassport mechanism currently used worldwide. We also describe how our solution can be extended to support offline verification and present the test results of our proof-of-concept implementation.

Cover And Contents

Turkish Journal of Zoology

No abstract provided.

An Updated Checklist Of The Mammals Of Türkiye, Mustafa Sözen, Faruk Çolak

Turkish Journal of Zoology

Between 1982 and 2025, the number of extant wild mammal species worldwide rose from 4170 to 6706. The Turkish mammal fauna also showed a similar trend, with the number of mammal species listed for Türkiye rising from 89 to 173 in just 33 years, from 1989 to 2021. A shift in species numbers like this calls for regular updates to Türkiye’s mammal species lists as well as the preparation of new checklists. Apart from changes in the number of species, numerous taxonomic changes and rearrangements also lead to changes in mammal lists. We arranged an updated mammal checklist by reviewing …

Nontarget Effects Of Abamectin On Cysts And Three Larval Stages Of Marine Microcrustacean Artemia Franciscana, Hashem Khandan Barani, Sahel Pakzad Toochaei, Narjes Sanchooli

Turkish Journal of Zoology

Abamectin (ABM) is a widely used pesticide in agriculture and aquaculture worldwide. However, limited information is available on the toxic impacts of ABM on nontarget marine organisms, necessitating further research to investigate the toxic impacts of ABM on marine life. Hence, this study examined the acute (0.5–2.5 μg/L for 24 and 48 h) and chronic (0.125–0.5 μg/L for 7 days) toxicity of ABM on the marine microcrustacean Artemia franciscana under different incubation conditions and at different stages of development. To simulate a more realistic environmental scenario, some of the exposure tests were conducted in the presence of food or with …