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Dessiccation Using Saturated Salt Solutions And Improvement Germination Rate Of Walnut (Juglans Regia L.) Somatic Embryos, Hati̇ce Dumanoğlu
Dessiccation Using Saturated Salt Solutions And Improvement Germination Rate Of Walnut (Juglans Regia L.) Somatic Embryos, Hati̇ce Dumanoğlu
Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry
Desiccation of somatic embryos under different air humidities conditioned by saturated salt solutions for different dura-tions; relationships between desiccation and germination or root formation in the dark; and effects of desiccation and gibberellic acid on germinating of 'Su-2' walnut somatic embryonic embryo line were investigated. Survival of embryos was low (about 10%) or zero when loss of fresh weight was about 90% and dry matter was about 70%. The highest germinating percentages (13.3-23.3%) were obtained with about 40.4-77.3% of loss of fresh weight and 9.1-34.6% of dry matter of desiccated embryos in covered plates over saturated MgCl 2 .6H 2 …
Effects Of Different Media, Type And Concentrations Of Auxin On Callus Induction And Plant Regeneration From Young Inflorescences Of Yellow Bluestem (Bothriochloa Ischaemum(L.) Keng), Ersi̇n Can, Rüştü Hati̇poğlu
Effects Of Different Media, Type And Concentrations Of Auxin On Callus Induction And Plant Regeneration From Young Inflorescences Of Yellow Bluestem (Bothriochloa Ischaemum(L.) Keng), Ersi̇n Can, Rüştü Hati̇poğlu
Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry
This study was conducted to determine the effects of different media, auxin types and concentrations on callus induction and plant regeneration from young inflorescences of 15 ecotypes of yellow bluestem ( Bothriochloa ischaemum). The young inflorescences were cultured on two different basal media (LS and SH) containing different concentrations (2, 4, 6, and 8 mg/l) of two different auxins (2, 4-D and Dicamba). The results showed that the ecotypes were significantly different from each other in callus induction rate, callus weight per dish and regenerate number per inflorescence segment. Depending on the ecotypes, mean callus induction rate varied from 9.7% …
A Local Zero-Two Law And Some Applications, Radu Zaharopol
A Local Zero-Two Law And Some Applications, Radu Zaharopol
Turkish Journal of Mathematics
In the paper we obtain a local zero-two law for positive contractions of $L^1$-spaces, which we use in order to offer new proofs of a theorem of Orey concerning Markov chains, and of the strong asymptotic stability of certain Markov operators that have appeared in the study of the Tjon-Wu equation and in connection with the Hannsgen and Tyson model of the cell cycle.
Stereoselective Synthesis Of Butenolide And Butyrolactone Derivatives, Abdulkadi̇r Sirit
Stereoselective Synthesis Of Butenolide And Butyrolactone Derivatives, Abdulkadi̇r Sirit
Turkish Journal of Chemistry
Optically active butenolide and $\gamma$-butyrolactone derivatives were prepared by removing (R)-phenyl glycinol and (1R, 2R)-norpseudoephedrine used as chiral auxiliaries from butenolides and \gamma-butyrolactones in two steps. The structures of these products were determined using ^1H NMR, ^{13}C NMR, Mass spect., IR and microanalysis.
The Monthly Variations Of Blood Glucose Level Of Capoeta Tinca Capoeta(Heckel, 1843) In Çoruh Basin-Oltu Stream, Ayhan Yildirim, Mustafa Türkmen, İrfan Altuntaş
The Monthly Variations Of Blood Glucose Level Of Capoeta Tinca Capoeta(Heckel, 1843) In Çoruh Basin-Oltu Stream, Ayhan Yildirim, Mustafa Türkmen, İrfan Altuntaş
Turkish Journal of Biology
In this study, the monthly variation of blood glucose level of Capoeta tinca caught from in Çoruh Basin - Oltu Stream, between Augist 1995 and June 1996 was determined. It was determined that the average blood glucose level was 86.19±3.86 mg/dl in males and 83.58±3.77 mg/dl in females. The blood glucose level was highest (116.36±8.58 mg/dl) in April, and lowest (51.00±7.10 mg/dl) in June.
The Inhibition Effect Of Yoghurt Starter Culture Metabolites, Belma Aslim, Yavuz Beyatli, Kadi̇r Halkman
The Inhibition Effect Of Yoghurt Starter Culture Metabolites, Belma Aslim, Yavuz Beyatli, Kadi̇r Halkman
Turkish Journal of Biology
In this study effect of some separate and combined metabolic compounds produced by lactic acid were tested on food pathogenic and contaminant microorgnasms. For this study, five strains of each Lactobacillus bulgaricus and Streptococcus thermophilus were used. The inhibition effects of the metabolic products (lactic acid, hydrogen peroxide, acetaldehyde, diacetyl) produced by the stains on test bacteria ( Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli) were determined. Also, a random combinations of the strains were prepared and the metabolic compounds produced by these cultures and their antimicrobial activities on tested bacteria were determined. By regarding the metabolic products mainly, the samples of lactic …
Investigation Of Selected Industrially Important Enzymatic Activities Of Turkish Agricultural Mycoflora-I: Amylase, Lipase, Protease, Şemi̇nur Topal, Ceyda Pembeci̇, Mehli̇ka Borcakli, Mehmet Batum, Özlem Çelti̇k
Investigation Of Selected Industrially Important Enzymatic Activities Of Turkish Agricultural Mycoflora-I: Amylase, Lipase, Protease, Şemi̇nur Topal, Ceyda Pembeci̇, Mehli̇ka Borcakli, Mehmet Batum, Özlem Çelti̇k
Turkish Journal of Biology
In this context, fungi being a rich source in from metabolites point of view, their utilization possibilities in various area are investigated. Primary metabolites of the fungi representing Turkish agricultural mycoflora which belongs to our culture collections are determined and their importance with respect to industry will be evaluated. It is assumed that enzymes such as, protease, amylase, lipase, cellulase, xylanase, b-glucanase, pectinase of these moulds represent a potential source for food industry. In this context, qualitative screening three of these enzymes producing abilities of relevant moulds are carried out. Methods used for enzyme determination cover, "Opacity Capacities in Deep …
The Population Structure And Growth Properties Of Chalcalburnusmossulensis (Heckel, 1843) Caught From Askale Region Of River Karasu, Mustafa Türkmen, İhsan Akyurt
The Population Structure And Growth Properties Of Chalcalburnusmossulensis (Heckel, 1843) Caught From Askale Region Of River Karasu, Mustafa Türkmen, İhsan Akyurt
Turkish Journal of Biology
In this study, the population structure and growth properties of Chalcalburnus mossulensis (Heckel, 1843) caught from Askale Region of River Karasu betwen February 1996 and January 1997 were examined. The age composition of population varied between I and VI ages, and the most abundant age group was the third age group (42.13%). The population was composed of 51.74% females and 48.26% males. The fork length and the body weights of males and females varied between 8.9-18.1 cm, 3.6-67.9 g and 8.5-18.5 cm, 5.1-79.5 g respectively. The specific and relative growth for length and weight were maximum in the second age. …
The Effects Of Malt Extract And Corn Strach On The Vegetativedevelopment And Morphology Of The Pleurotus Floridafovose Mycelia, Abdunnasir Yildiz
The Effects Of Malt Extract And Corn Strach On The Vegetativedevelopment And Morphology Of The Pleurotus Floridafovose Mycelia, Abdunnasir Yildiz
Turkish Journal of Biology
No statistical differences were determined in the effects of malt extract (ME) and corn strach (CS) doses on the vegetative development of mycelia (P>0.05). The mycelia in all gropus covered 9.0 cm agar plates in 9.0 days and some characteristic differences, development from (vertical or horizontal), cluster formation, tickening and tissue formations, were observed. In the group containing 2% CS, the mycelia formed a sparse development horizontally on the surface and center of the agar plate, whereas clustering, thickening and tissue formation wereobserved in the form of a thick zone on the edges of the petri dishes. In 1.5% …
The Effect Of Olive Oil Mill Effluent On The Mitotic Cell Division And Total Protein Amount Of The Root Tips Of Triticum Aestivuml., Mehmet Aybeke, Göksel Olgun, Uğur Sidal, Dürdane Kolankaya
The Effect Of Olive Oil Mill Effluent On The Mitotic Cell Division And Total Protein Amount Of The Root Tips Of Triticum Aestivuml., Mehmet Aybeke, Göksel Olgun, Uğur Sidal, Dürdane Kolankaya
Turkish Journal of Biology
In this work sitotoxic and mutagenic effects Olive Oil Mill Effluent (OOME) on the root tips of Triticum aestivumL. were investigated. In this purpose, germination rate of seeds, mitotic division abnormalities and total protein amounts were evaluated. The seeds kept in various OOME concentrastions, it was determinated that germination rate decreased, whilst mitotic abnormalities and mitotic cell division frequency increased. Especially, the increased cell division frequency was of significance, almost several times higher than the control group. The cells having multinucleus or fragmented nucleus and numerical or sutructural mutations were also found. Furthermore it was observed that total protein amounts …
Antioxidant Enzymes Activities In Chemically Warfared Samples Ofdociostaurus Maroccanusobtained From An Epidemic Population, Aysun Özkan, Gülgün Gündüz, Battal Çiplak, Kayahan Fişkin
Antioxidant Enzymes Activities In Chemically Warfared Samples Ofdociostaurus Maroccanusobtained From An Epidemic Population, Aysun Özkan, Gülgün Gündüz, Battal Çiplak, Kayahan Fişkin
Turkish Journal of Biology
Antioxidant enzyme activities at first, second, third nymphal stage and adult individuals of nition [O-O-dimethyl-O-(3-methyl-4-nitro-phenyl) phosphorothioate] administered D. maroccanusare investigated. Living specimens where nition had been administered for chemical contention by Agricultural Head Office of Antalya Province in 1996 were taken from epidemic population of Eynif plain (Ibradi, Antalya). Catalase, GSH-reductase, GSH-peroxidase and Se-dependent-GSH-peroxidase activities are assayed spectorofotometrically. The catalase activity did indicate no significant change in any nymphal stage. GSH-reductase activity increased in adult individuals. Se-GSH-peroxidase activity decreased with second nymphal stage and increased with the third one, Whereas GSH-peroxidase activity increased at second nymphal stage of D. maroccanus.
The Effect Of Some Nutrients Supplementation To Synthetic Compostwith Wheat Straw Before Mycel Inoculation, On Mycelium Growth, Yieldand Early Ripe Of Agaricus Bitorquis(Quél). Sacc, Hasan Hüseyi̇n Doğan, Celaleddi̇n Öztürk, Cengi̇z Akköz
The Effect Of Some Nutrients Supplementation To Synthetic Compostwith Wheat Straw Before Mycel Inoculation, On Mycelium Growth, Yieldand Early Ripe Of Agaricus Bitorquis(Quél). Sacc, Hasan Hüseyi̇n Doğan, Celaleddi̇n Öztürk, Cengi̇z Akköz
Turkish Journal of Biology
The effect of some nutrients added to synthetic compost with wheat straw, on mycelium growth, yield and early ripe of Agaricus bitorquis (Quél.) Sacc. were investigated. The compost was prepared by fermentation and chemical disinfection methods. Corn flour, wheat flour, hen grain, soybean meal and sunflower seed hulls were used as additional nutrients. The experiments were made at the temperatüre 20-22°C and 80-90% relative humidity in the yield rooms. The shortest mycelium growth period (average 14 days) were determined in containing 350 g/10 kg and 450 g/10 kg sunflower seed hulls. The maximum production were taken in the sacks of …
Effects Of Gibberellic Acid On Male Sterility, Seed Yield And Oil And Fatty Acid Syntheses Of Safflower ( Carthamus Tinctorius L.), Hasan Baydar
Turkish Journal of Biology
The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of gibberellic acid (GA 3 ) on male and female sterility, seed yield, oil and fatty acid syntheses, growth and development properties in safflower ( Carthamus tinctorius var. Yenice). GA 3 was applied in five different doses at three different stages, and induced male sterility at a rate of up to 93.0%. This finding has important implications for the practical use of GA 3 in hybrid seed production. GA 3 applications significantly decreased the seed yield per plant both in isolation and non-isolation. Although fatty acid syntheses did not change …
Simple Production And Purification Of Monoclonalantibodies In Serum-Free Medium, Aynur Başalp, Beyazit Çirakoğlu, Engin Bermek
Simple Production And Purification Of Monoclonalantibodies In Serum-Free Medium, Aynur Başalp, Beyazit Çirakoğlu, Engin Bermek
Turkish Journal of Biology
Although serum is a main source of essential nutrients and growth factors, its use creates highly complex and poorly defined media. The use of serum-free media is more efficient than the use of media containing serum especially when the purification and characterization of antibodies are considered. In this study, we developed a serum-free medium system for cultivation of hybrid cells producing monoclonal antibodies specific for Tobacco Mosaic Virus (1F5) and 17\beta-estradiol (10F4) (15D4). Cells were cultivated in a medium with 10 % FCS for three days, and subsequently in serum-free medium for two days. The procedure was repeated once again …
Analysis Of Functional Domains On Glutamatesynthase, Barbaros Nalbantoğlu
Analysis Of Functional Domains On Glutamatesynthase, Barbaros Nalbantoğlu
Turkish Journal of Biology
Glutamate synthases (GOGAT) were analyzed to identify the functional binding domains of the substrate (glutamine) and cofactors (FMN, NAD(P)H, FAD, [3Fe-4S]1+,0 and [4Fe-4S]2+,1+ clusters and ferredoxin) on this enzyme. The published amino acid sequences of six different NAD(P)H-dependent GOGATs (NAD(P)H-GOGAT) and ten different ferredoxin-dependent GOGATs (Fd-GOGAT) were used for this analysis. The amino acid sequences of these sixteen GOGATs were compared with the amino acid sequences of aminotransferases for glutamine, flavoproteins for FMN, flavoproteins and pyridine-nucleotide-dependent enzymes for FAD and NAD(P)H, iron-sulfur proteins for [3Fe-4S] 1+,0 and [4Fe-4S]2+,1+ clusters and ferredoxin-dependent enzymes for ferredoxin. It was determined that Fd-GOGAT has …
Hydrophobicities And Electrostatic Behavior Ofdifferent Micro-Organisms, Abbas Yousefi Rad, Hakan Ayhan, Erhan Pi̇şki̇n, Özgül Kisa
Hydrophobicities And Electrostatic Behavior Ofdifferent Micro-Organisms, Abbas Yousefi Rad, Hakan Ayhan, Erhan Pi̇şki̇n, Özgül Kisa
Turkish Journal of Biology
The surface properties of 7 different micro-organisms with their 14 different strains were examined. The contact angles of the micro-organism films were measured by a captive-bubble technique. Surface free energies were calculated from the contact angles. Hydrophobicities were also evaluated by adhesion to p-xylene. The zeta potentials and surface charges of the micro-organisms were measured using a zeta potential analyser system. The contact angles of the gram positive micro-organisms, gram negative micro-organisms and Candida ablicans were in the ranges 48-70°, 43.5-55°, and 69-75° respectively, while the corresponding surface free energies were in the ranges 44.9-60.4 erg.cm -2 , 55.3-61.8 erg.cm …
Genomic Imprinting: A Specialized Form Of Generegulation, Fatma Fi̇li̇z Çoşkun Ari
Genomic Imprinting: A Specialized Form Of Generegulation, Fatma Fi̇li̇z Çoşkun Ari
Turkish Journal of Biology
Genomic imprinting is a process resulting in the preferential expression of certain genes depending on whether the genetic material has been inherited from the mother or the father. Many imprinted genes have been identified as having important roles in mammalian development, and the loss of imprints as well as non-imprinted alleles causes a variety of developmental abnormalities and pathological conditions in both mice and humans. In this article, the phenomenon of genomic imprinting, the developmental implications of imprinting and the molecular mechanisms proposed for this process are reviewed.
Hepatitis C Virus: Genome Organization, Viralproteins And Implications In Disease Pathogenesis, Çağla Eroğlu, Ergün Pinarbaşi
Hepatitis C Virus: Genome Organization, Viralproteins And Implications In Disease Pathogenesis, Çağla Eroğlu, Ergün Pinarbaşi
Turkish Journal of Biology
The hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is a significant cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Infection with HCV becomes chronic in more than 80% of cases and it accounts for 20% of all cases of acute hepatitis. The hepatitis C virus was first identified by the molecular cloning of the virus genome in 1989. It is an enveloped, positive strand RNA virus with a genome size of around 9.5 kilobases. The single-stranded RNA genome of the virus contains a large open reading frame that encodes a large polyprotein of 3,010 to 3,033 amino acids shown to be processed by a …
Susceptibility Of Chickpea ( Cicer Arietinuml.)Cultivars To Agrobacterium Tumefaciens(Smith Andtownsend) Conn, Azi̇z Karakaya, Sebahatti̇n Özcan
Susceptibility Of Chickpea ( Cicer Arietinuml.)Cultivars To Agrobacterium Tumefaciens(Smith Andtownsend) Conn, Azi̇z Karakaya, Sebahatti̇n Özcan
Turkish Journal of Biology
Twelve chickpea cultivars grown in Turkey were assessed for susceptibility to wild-type Agrobacterium tumefaciens strains A281 and A136NC. Although all chickpea cultivars showed susceptibility to infection from both A. tumefaciens strains, Diyar-95, Flip 87-8, Ispanyol, Gökçe, Damla-89, and Aziziye-94 had higher frequencies of tumor formation from both strains than the other cultivars tested.
Freeliving Ciliates Of Pure And Soils Polluted Byconstituents Of Oil Lifting At Apsheron Peninsula, İlham Kh Alekperov
Freeliving Ciliates Of Pure And Soils Polluted Byconstituents Of Oil Lifting At Apsheron Peninsula, İlham Kh Alekperov
Turkish Journal of Biology
The data compiled during five-year-long investigation on the influence of drilling water and crude oil on specific composition, number and structure of the communities of free-living soil ciliates is presented. The vertical distribution of ciliates and their colonizing potential in the sterile soil monoliths placed in clean and polluted soils was studied on the basis of their survival and physiological responses. The changes in certain ciliate species were demonstrated by biotesting of the influence of various concentrations of drillinig water, crude oil and drillinig muds on these ciliates.
In Situ Germination Of Pollen Tetrads In Periplocagraceae L. (Periplocaceae), Feruzan Dane
In Situ Germination Of Pollen Tetrads In Periplocagraceae L. (Periplocaceae), Feruzan Dane
Turkish Journal of Biology
The mature anthers in large flower buds of Periploca graceae L. ( Periplocaceae ) were examined cytologically. It was seen that pollen was retained in permanent tetrads. Pollen tetrads were usually observed as isobilateral, rarely as linear. It was also observed that pollen tetrads germinated within the anther loculi. Most of the pollen tetrads were well stained and the germination rate was 90 %. In in situ germinated pollen tetrads, 1-4 pollen tubes were observed. During germination of pollen tetrads, the behavior of the nuclei was normal. At the early stage of pollen tube formation, a vegetative nucleus and two …
Study Of Interphases Betweensubunits Of Human Serum Albumin By Tritiumlabelling Method, Elimchan S. Dzhafarov
Study Of Interphases Betweensubunits Of Human Serum Albumin By Tritiumlabelling Method, Elimchan S. Dzhafarov
Turkish Journal of Biology
For the purpose of obtaining information about interphases between subunits of human serum albumin (HSA), a new tritium labelling method was adopted. The existence of linear dependence between accessible surface of amino acid residues and their specific radio-activity enabled to obtain information about qualitattive and quantitative amino acid composition of surface layer of protein globule and its large fragments. It is shown that the fragments surface characterized by higher accessibility of hydrophobic amino acid residues such as Ala, Val, Leu, Ile, Pro and Phe. Moreover Lys, Asx and Glx demonstrate high accessibility also. It is supposed that the spatial HSA …
Pollen Characters And Their Evolutionarysignificance With Special Reference To The Flora Ofkarachi, Anjum Perveen
Pollen Characters And Their Evolutionarysignificance With Special Reference To The Flora Ofkarachi, Anjum Perveen
Turkish Journal of Biology
The pollen morphology of 353 species from Karachi, belonging to 67 families of angiosperms, distributed in 58 dicots and 9 monocots were investigated by scanning electron microscope (S.E.M.) and light microscope (L.M.). Examination of these families revealed great pollen diversity in their qualitative and quantitative characters. However, from a phylogenetic and evolutionary point of view, polarity, symmetry, apertural types and exine sculpturing are the most important characters. In general, dicot pollen is relatively more specialized than that of monocots. Dicotyledons are generally characterized by radially symmetrical, isopolar, colporate, colpate and porate pollen, whereas monocotyledon are usually heteropolar, bilaterally symmetric, boat-shaped, …