Open Access. Powered by Scholars. Published by Universities.®
- Discipline
-
- Life Sciences (5928)
- Medicine and Health Sciences (2304)
- Animal Sciences (2150)
- Physical Sciences and Mathematics (1953)
- Biology (1669)
-
- Medical Sciences (1456)
- Zoology (1302)
- Chemistry (1183)
- Botany (1117)
- Plant Sciences (1117)
- Agriculture (992)
- Forest Sciences (992)
- Veterinary Medicine (848)
- Computer Engineering (452)
- Computer Sciences (452)
- Electrical and Computer Engineering (452)
- Engineering (452)
- Mathematics (146)
- Earth Sciences (107)
- Physics (65)
- Keyword
-
- Turkey (609)
- Taxonomy (221)
- Oxidative stress (132)
- New records (121)
- New species (104)
-
- Apoptosis (93)
- Morphology (93)
- New record (91)
- Antioxidant (83)
- Distribution (80)
- Phylogeny (79)
- COVID-19 (78)
- Cytotoxicity (73)
- Growth (73)
- Biodiversity (72)
- Antimicrobial activity (71)
- Iran (71)
- 1 (67)
- Inflammation (66)
- 2 (63)
- Breast cancer (62)
- Fauna (61)
- Antioxidant activity (60)
- Genetic diversity (60)
- Rat (60)
- Gene expression (59)
- Antioxidant enzymes (48)
- Endemic (48)
- Antibacterial activity (47)
- Cancer (47)
- Publication Year
Articles 10321 - 10350 of 10499
Full-Text Articles in Entire DC Network
The Distribution, Cultural Characteristics, And Pathogenicity Ofdrechslera Sorokiniana In Wheat And Barley Fields In Erzurum Region, Cafer Eken, Erkol Demi̇rci̇
The Distribution, Cultural Characteristics, And Pathogenicity Ofdrechslera Sorokiniana In Wheat And Barley Fields In Erzurum Region, Cafer Eken, Erkol Demi̇rci̇
Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry
In this study Drechslera sorokiniana incidence was determined on subcrown internod and crowns of wheat and barley samples collected from Erzurum region in 1994 and 1995. Mycelial development and sporulation were investigated in the laboratory in 3 light periods and 4 agar media. Furthermore, pathogenicity tests were carried out in greenhouse on five wheat cultivars in pots. Under the field conditions, the mean percentages of disease ratios were found 46.8 % in wheat, and 51.1 % in barley in 1994; 48.9 % in wheat and 54.3 % in barley in 1995. During study, subcrown internod and crown 208 isolates of …
Development Of The Downy Mildew Pathogen Bremia Lactucae Ontransgenic Lettuce Expressing A Bacterial \Beta-1,3-Glucanase, Yeter Dede
Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry
A \beta-1,3-glucanase gene from Arthrobacter sp. driven by the 35S promoter was singly transformed into two lettuce cultivars, Cobham Gree and Diana, using the binary vector system of Agrobacterium tumefaciens. Tansformation was confirmed by using Southern and Northern analysis, Npt II enzyme assays and segregation of resistance to kanamycin. Transgenic plants were infected with the letuce downy mildew fungus, Bremia lactucae which contains \beta-1,3-gluncan in its cell wall and alternations in the development the fungus could easily be monitored. Transgenic plants inoculated with B. lactucae showed different levels of resistant responses compared to the control and they were examined microscopically.
Evaluation Of Wing Traps Baited With Disparlure For Monitoring Gypsy Moth ( Lymantria Dispar (L.)) Populations, İrfan Ünal, Mehmet Serez, Mahmut Eroğlu, Ertuğrul Bi̇lgi̇li̇
Evaluation Of Wing Traps Baited With Disparlure For Monitoring Gypsy Moth ( Lymantria Dispar (L.)) Populations, İrfan Ünal, Mehmet Serez, Mahmut Eroğlu, Ertuğrul Bi̇lgi̇li̇
Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry
Field evalutaions of wing traps baited with disparlure, Z-7,8-epoxy-2-methyloctadecane, were done in 1989, in Izmit-Isıktepe, Turkey, Wing traps with used and never used sticky inserts were used. Study was conducted in a 5 ha oak ( Quercus pe-treae (Matt.) Liebl. stand surrounded by 25-year-old radiata pine ( Pinus radiata D. Don.) plantations. Traps were hung 1.5-2.0 m above the ground in host trees, and 50-60 m apart from each other. A total of 1177 male moths were captured in 18 traps from June 12 to August 14, 1989. On average, eight male moths per week were captured by the traps …
Cover And Contents
Turkish Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences
No abstract provided.
Cover And Contents
Turkish Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences
No abstract provided.
The Influence Of Biology Education On Attitudes To Humanity And Worldpeace, Yalçın Yetki̇n
The Influence Of Biology Education On Attitudes To Humanity And Worldpeace, Yalçın Yetki̇n
Turkish Journal of Biology
The purpose of this study was to determine whether biology education has any effect on behaviour and opinions with regard to humanity and world peace. The subjects were 37 student volunteers, 19 male and 18 female, from the Biology Department of Atatürk University. They were asked what influence biology education has on individual peace of mind and attitudes to world peace. The students responses indicated that, owing to their biology education, they have greater self-awareness (46.9%), are better able to think in a balanced way and to find their place in society. They also reported a greater capacity to love …
The Role Of Serum On The Adhesion Of Culturedchinese Hamster Lung (Chl) Cells, Ali Yildirim
The Role Of Serum On The Adhesion Of Culturedchinese Hamster Lung (Chl) Cells, Ali Yildirim
Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences
The roles of serum on the initial attachment and adhesion strength of CHL cells, which is gained following initial attachment, spreading and growth, on tissue culture polystyrene dish were determined by using a convergent Microflow chamber. In the presence of 10% fetal calf serum 98%±2% of cells were attaching within 2 hours at 37°C. While only 74%±3% of cells were attaching during the same period of incubation in serum free medium. The critical shear stresses of detachment of CHL cells were 3.01±0.25 Nm -2 , 5.38±0.55 Nm -2 , 7.22±0.54 Nm -2 , 9.47±0.43 Nm -2 , and 9.54±1.15 Nm …
Purification Of Casein Kinase Ii From Lung Tissueand Kinetic Evaluations With Polyamines Andmyc-Oncoprotein, Nesrin Gündoğus-Özcanli, Wayne E. Criss
Purification Of Casein Kinase Ii From Lung Tissueand Kinetic Evaluations With Polyamines Andmyc-Oncoprotein, Nesrin Gündoğus-Özcanli, Wayne E. Criss
Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences
The overall goal of this study was to seek molecular linkages between polyamines, casein kinase II, and the myc oncoprotein by using a cell-free, highly purified enzyme kinetic analysis. Casein kinase II (CKII) was purified from sheep lung tissue by using an original 3-column/3-day set of procedures (DEAE cellulose, Sepharose 6L-4B, and poly-L- lysine agrose affinity chromotographies). CKII was purified approximately 550-fold with a recovery of near 40% and a final specific activity of about 250,000 pmol of phosphorylated protein substrate (casein)/min/mg of enzyme protein. Kinetic evaluations with the purified CKII using Mg-GTP as a phosphate donor, etiher casein or …
Translocation 13;14 Associated Withmyelodsplastic Syndrome In Down's Syndrome, Gül Sapmaz, Ferda Özkinay, Hasan Yüksel, Cihangir Özkinay, Figen Akdeni̇zli̇oğlu, Nejat Topçuoğlu, Şenay Öztop
Translocation 13;14 Associated Withmyelodsplastic Syndrome In Down's Syndrome, Gül Sapmaz, Ferda Özkinay, Hasan Yüksel, Cihangir Özkinay, Figen Akdeni̇zli̇oğlu, Nejat Topçuoğlu, Şenay Öztop
Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences
No abstract provided.
Primary Malignant Hemangiopericytomapresenting As A Pancoast Tumor, A. Füsun Kalpaklioğlu, Beyhan Demi̇rhan, Mehmet Coşkun
Primary Malignant Hemangiopericytomapresenting As A Pancoast Tumor, A. Füsun Kalpaklioğlu, Beyhan Demi̇rhan, Mehmet Coşkun
Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences
No abstract provided.
The Effects Of The Grafting Time And Types On The Success Of The Graftedgrapevine Production By Grafting Under Nursery Condition, Hüseyin Çeli̇k, Ferhat Odabaş
The Effects Of The Grafting Time And Types On The Success Of The Graftedgrapevine Production By Grafting Under Nursery Condition, Hüseyin Çeli̇k, Ferhat Odabaş
Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry
This study has been carried out to determine the effects of grafting time and types on success of grafted grapevine production by grafting under nursery condition during 1992-1994. After planting the cuttings taken from the Kober 5BB and SO4 (Vitis berlandieri x Vitis riparia ) American hybrid rootstocks into the nursery plots like establishing the vineyard during spring time, they were grafted by omega and chip-budding grafting type using the buds and a single node cuttings taken from the summer shoots of Alphonse Lavallée, Cardinal, Çavus and Hafizali at the August, 15; September, 15; October, 15 and November, 15. The …
Determination Of The Utilization Of Nitrogen Fromtobacco Waste By Wheat Crop With ^15 N Tracer Technique, A. Reşit Brohi̇, M. Rüştü Karaman, Akgün Aydeniz
Determination Of The Utilization Of Nitrogen Fromtobacco Waste By Wheat Crop With ^15 N Tracer Technique, A. Reşit Brohi̇, M. Rüştü Karaman, Akgün Aydeniz
Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry
The field experiment was laid out with randomized block design with split plot and three replications during the 1991- 92 years. Each plot was 16 m 2 . Tobacco-waste at the rates of 0, 10, 20, 30 and 40 tons/ha were applied to the plots and Bezostiya wheat variety was sown in 23 rd October, 1991. Nitrogen as (NH 4 ) 2 SO 4 at the rates of 0, 20, 40, 60 and 80 kg N/ha was applied to the plots in 31 st March, 1992. The rates of 20 and 80 kg N/ha were only labelled wth 15 N …
Concentrations Of Creatine Kinase And Myocardial Creatine Kinase Inrabbits Constituted Experimental Hyperthyroidism, İsmail Çeli̇k, Mehmet Kara, Eşref Yeği̇n, Halis Köylü
Concentrations Of Creatine Kinase And Myocardial Creatine Kinase Inrabbits Constituted Experimental Hyperthyroidism, İsmail Çeli̇k, Mehmet Kara, Eşref Yeği̇n, Halis Köylü
Turkish Journal of Biology
In this study, 20 male (1500±50 g) white, New Zealand strain rabbits ( Oryctolagus cuniculus huxley) jere used. Of these ten were used for experimental group, and the others were used controls. To get hyperthyroidism in the experiment animals, L-Thyroxin 50 µg/kg of body weight daily for two weeks, was injected to the animals by intravenous. The control group rabbits were injected only 0.9% isotonic salt water which L-Thyroxin dissolved in it. The levels of total ceratine kinase (CK) and cardirac creatine kinase (CK-MB) were recorded as 1079 ± 597 U/L and 879 ± 128 U/L in control group whereas …
The Effects Of Copper Chloride On The Gene Activity Of The Salivarygland Polytene Chromosomes Of Drosophila Melanogaster, Sevgi Levent, Handan Uysal, Zafer Bahçeci̇
The Effects Of Copper Chloride On The Gene Activity Of The Salivarygland Polytene Chromosomes Of Drosophila Melanogaster, Sevgi Levent, Handan Uysal, Zafer Bahçeci̇
Turkish Journal of Biology
The effects of copper chloride on the salivary gland polytene chromosomes of third instar larvae of Drosophila melanogaster have been investigated. Copper chloride have been applied to the larvae in vivo. It has been shown that different band sections of the salivary gland chromosomes become puffed and many developmental puffs were inactivated. As a result of the copper chloride treatment, band 22A, 23EF, 27E, 28B, 35F on chromosome arm 2L; 47A, 54BD, 55DE, 56DE, 58CF, 59B on chromosome arm 2R; 62A, 62DE, 68BC, 70DE, 73B, 74D on chromosome arm 3L have become puffed. The average size of these puff have …
Effects Of Carbohydrates On Levels Of Total Glycogenand Protein In Adult Female Pimpla Turionellae L., Pınar Özalp, İskender Emre
Effects Of Carbohydrates On Levels Of Total Glycogenand Protein In Adult Female Pimpla Turionellae L., Pınar Özalp, İskender Emre
Turkish Journal of Biology
Effects of 22 carbohydrates belonging to various groups on the levels of total glycogen and protein in the adult female Pimpla turionellae L. were investigated. Sucrose was used as control in all experiments. Among the tested carbohydrates, xylose, ribose, rhamnose, mannose, maltose, cellobiose, melesitose, raffinose, glycogen, dulcitol and mannitol caused significant decreases on total glycogen level, but arabinose, fructose, galactose, glucose, sorbose, lactose, melibiose, trehalose, starch, sorbitol and a-methyl-d-glucoside did not any significant effect. The levels of total protein of the insect was increased by xylose, while it was decreased by glucose. The other carbohydrates tested did not cause any …
The Targeting Mechanisms Of Membrane Proteins, Nihat Di̇lsi̇z
The Targeting Mechanisms Of Membrane Proteins, Nihat Di̇lsi̇z
Turkish Journal of Biology
This review describes what is known about the way of insertion and translocation of membrane proteins and the factors that determine these structures. The translocation of proteins across the cytoplasmic membrane in prokaryotes and that across the endosplasmic reticulum membrane in eukaryotes are similar in that both require the sinyal peptide that is attached to the amino terminus of the proteins. In general, mebrane proteins reach their final target via the secretory (Sec) pathway which are called Sec-dependent proteins. However, it has become clear that a few membrane proteins are not involved in Sec-pathway and these are called Sec-independent proteins.
The Determination Of Biological Activities Of Indole-3-Acetic Acid (Iaa),Gibberellic Acid (Ga_3 ), Abscisic Acid (Aba) And Zeatin Obtained Fromphanerochaete Chrysosporium Me446, Serpil Ünyayar, S. Fatih Topcuoğlu
The Determination Of Biological Activities Of Indole-3-Acetic Acid (Iaa),Gibberellic Acid (Ga_3 ), Abscisic Acid (Aba) And Zeatin Obtained Fromphanerochaete Chrysosporium Me446, Serpil Ünyayar, S. Fatih Topcuoğlu
Turkish Journal of Biology
In this study, the biological activities of indole-3-acetic acid (IAA), gibberellic acid (GA_3 ), abscisic acid (ABA) and zeatin obtained from the culture medium and mycelia of Phanerochaete chrysosporium ME446 were determined. With this aim, oat coleoptile growth test for IAA and ABA and rice germination test for GA_3 and chlorophyl amount test for zeatin were used. At the end of biological tests IAA, ABA and zeatin were observed to have full biological activity, whereas GA 3 has only partial biological activity.
The Changes Of The Localization Of Ascorbic In The Rat Adrenalgland On Microwave Applied, Yusuf Nergi̇z, M. Aydın Ketani, Zülküf Akdag, M. Salih Çeli̇k, Ö. Mukaddes Şahan
The Changes Of The Localization Of Ascorbic In The Rat Adrenalgland On Microwave Applied, Yusuf Nergi̇z, M. Aydın Ketani, Zülküf Akdag, M. Salih Çeli̇k, Ö. Mukaddes Şahan
Turkish Journal of Biology
The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of microwave on the localization of ascorbic acid in the rat adrenal gland. We studies on 21 male Spraque-Dawley rast (220-250 g), aged 2.5 month. The animals were divided into three different groups. First group was taken on control (n:7). The second group (n:7) 9450 MHz, 2.65 mW/cm 2 was applied for one hour a day for 13 days, while in the third group (n:7) this application continued for 52 days. Rast were sacrified under ether anaesthesia and then their adrenal gland were removed enbloc and fixed in silver nitrate …
The Effect Of 9450 Mhz Microwave Radiation On The Chromosomes Invivo, M. Zülküf Akdağ, Cemil Sert, M. Salih Çeli̇k, M. Emin Erdal, M. Aydın Ketani
The Effect Of 9450 Mhz Microwave Radiation On The Chromosomes Invivo, M. Zülküf Akdağ, Cemil Sert, M. Salih Çeli̇k, M. Emin Erdal, M. Aydın Ketani
Turkish Journal of Biology
In this study, we investigated whether microwave radiation affected chromosomal structure of rats or not. Adult male Spraque-Dawley rats were irradiated for 1 h a day to continous micorwave radiation (9450 MHz) at powever density 2.65 mW/cm 2 during 13. days. The control group were exposed to the some procedurus without microwave irradiation. On the following exposure day, rats were sacrificed under cetalar anesthesia, and their femurs were removed. Satandard bone marrow chromosome analysis were caried out, and experimental group was compared with control group. Our results showed that abnormal metaphase count increased and mitotic index decreasad, therefor, after and …
Carotenoid Pigments Stabilization In The Fillet Of Rainbow Trout(Oncorhynchus Mykiss) During Frozen Storage, Mahmut Yanar, Mehmet Çeli̇k, Yasemen Yanar, Metin Kumlu
Carotenoid Pigments Stabilization In The Fillet Of Rainbow Trout(Oncorhynchus Mykiss) During Frozen Storage, Mahmut Yanar, Mehmet Çeli̇k, Yasemen Yanar, Metin Kumlu
Turkish Journal of Biology
In this study, changes in the total carotenoid content of the fillet of rainbow trout, pigmented with astaxanthin supplemented diet, stored at -20ºC, in vacuum packaging for 2, 4 and 8 month periods were inverstigated. Total carotenoid concentration of the fillets did not change during the first two month storing period but the loss was 1.58 % and 3.58 for the 4 th and 8 th months, respectively. Yet, these changes were not signigicantly different than the level measured at the beginning of the experiment (P>0.05). It is concluded that carotenoid losses from the flesh do not affect the …
The Effect Of Some Plant Materials On The Grwth And Productivity Ofpleurotus Ostreatus (Jacq. Ex. Fr.) Kum. Var. Salignus (Pers. Ex. Fr.)Konr. Et Maubl., Abdunnasır Yildiz, Ramazan Demi̇r
The Effect Of Some Plant Materials On The Grwth And Productivity Ofpleurotus Ostreatus (Jacq. Ex. Fr.) Kum. Var. Salignus (Pers. Ex. Fr.)Konr. Et Maubl., Abdunnasır Yildiz, Ramazan Demi̇r
Turkish Journal of Biology
In this study, the soybean, sorghum, peanut and wheat straw were used as culture media for Pleurotus ostreatus var. salignus. Mycellium growth period, basidiocarp formation period anda first, second, third and fourth harvesting periods were determined as; 10.0, 24.3, 28.6 38.6, 47.3 and 58.6 days respectively as the shortest periods found with peanut straw; and 22.6, 52.6, 56.6, 68.6, 73.6 and 88.6 days respectively, as the longest periods found with sorghum straw. The fresh mushroom yield obtained with 100 g material (70 % moisture) at first, second, third and fourth harwesting periods and total yield was 8.6, 8.1, 4.8, 3.4 …
Fatty Acid Composition Of Agaricus Bisporus (Lange) Sing., Abdurrahman Aktümsek, Celâleddin Öztürk, Giyasettin Kaşik
Fatty Acid Composition Of Agaricus Bisporus (Lange) Sing., Abdurrahman Aktümsek, Celâleddin Öztürk, Giyasettin Kaşik
Turkish Journal of Biology
Fatty acid compositions of fruit body, stem, lamellae and total of Agaricus bisporus were seperately analysed by GLC. In the all fatty acid compositions of A. bisporus, linoleic acid were predominant. Percentages of linoleic acid were varied between 53.45 - 68.78%. It was showed that the other major fatty acids were palmitic, oleic and stearic acid in the fatty acid compositions.
The Algal Flora Of The Littoral Region In Lake Akşehir, Ayşe Elmaci, Olcay Obali
The Algal Flora Of The Littoral Region In Lake Akşehir, Ayşe Elmaci, Olcay Obali
Turkish Journal of Biology
In this study, composition and seasonal variations of littoral algae in Lake Akşehir were investigated from June 1992- November 1993. In the littoral region, the algal flora were composed of 115 species belonging to Bacillariophyta, Charophyta, Chlorophyta, Cyanophyta, Euglenophyta. Bacillariophyta was predominant in respect to species diversity and density. Cyanophyta and Chlorophyta were in minority. In general, the most of the identified species of the algal flora of Lake Akşehir are considered as the members of eutrophic lakes which are rich in nutritional salts.
The Effects Of Trimethoprim On The Chromosomal Aberrations On The Radiological Techniciances Who Smoke, Etem Akbaş, Turgay Budak
The Effects Of Trimethoprim On The Chromosomal Aberrations On The Radiological Techniciances Who Smoke, Etem Akbaş, Turgay Budak
Turkish Journal of Biology
Trimethoprim, cigerette smoking and radition is known to have a clastogenic effects on chromosomes when applied to oneby one. In this study all of this aggents have been applied together. 8, 35 and 60 \mug/ml doses of trimethoprim applied to the bloods which were taken from five healthy radiology technicians who are cigarette smokers, for the periods of 6, 24 and 48 hours. The same quantity of culture medium was added to the cultures which were separated for control in the same period. For each dose-aplication ;eriod combination, from each individual 50 metaphases were evaluated in relation to the ratio …
Antimicrobial Activity Of The Lichen Cetraria Islandica (L.) Ach., Başaran Dülger, Fahrettin Güci̇n, Ali Aslan
Antimicrobial Activity Of The Lichen Cetraria Islandica (L.) Ach., Başaran Dülger, Fahrettin Güci̇n, Ali Aslan
Turkish Journal of Biology
In this study, extracts of Cetraria islandica (L.) Ach. were prepared with Ethyl acetate, Acetone, Chloroform and Ethanol and antimicrobial activities of these extracts were examined on test microorganisms as follows: Escherichia coli ATCC 11230, Enterobacter aerogenes CCM 2531, Staphylococcus aureus 6538P, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Bacillus subtilis La2114, Bacillus cereus var. mycoides, Bacillus sphaericus, Bacillus thurigiensis, Bacillus megaterium, Mycobacterium smegmatis RUT, Salmonella thyphimurium, Candida utilis La991, Candida albicans CCM314, Aspergillus flavus, Aspergillus oryzae, Aspergillus fumigatus, Trichophyton rubrum, Botrytis cineriae, Fusarium oxysporium, Streptomyces murinus ISP 5091 and Nocardia cornea IFO 14403 by Disc Diffusion Methods. As a result of study, we have …
The Investigation Of Antimicrobial Effect Of Some Plant Extract, Ahmet Ilçim, Metin Diğrak, Eyüp Bağci
The Investigation Of Antimicrobial Effect Of Some Plant Extract, Ahmet Ilçim, Metin Diğrak, Eyüp Bağci
Turkish Journal of Biology
The Parmelia furfuracea (L) Zopf. (Liken), Crocus chrysanthus (Herbert) Herbert (Çigdem), Rumex scutatus L., (Kuzukulagi), Myrtus communis L. subsps. communis Ic: Sibth. and Sm. (Mersin), Asphodelus aestivus L. (Çiris) Eugenia caryophyllata Thunb. (Karanfil) which were collected from Kahramanmaras and Hatay region have been investigated in respect of their antimicrobial and antifungal activities against different test organisms ( Bacillus megaterium DSM 32, Bacillus subtilis IMG 22, Bacillus, brevis FMC 3, Escherichia coli DM, Klebsiella pneumoniae FMC 5, Enterobacter aerogenes CCM 2531, Pseudomonas aeruginosa DSM 50071, Staphylococcus aureus COWAN 1, Listeria monocytogenes SCOTT A, bacteria and Candida albicans CCM 314 and Saccharomyces …
Effects Of Various Proportions Of Different Additive Substances On Themiselle Growth Of Pleurotus Florida Fovose, On Druationof Formation And Development Of Basidiocarps And On The Yield, Abdunnasır Yildiz
Turkish Journal of Biology
Into aliment place that we prapered for vegetative propagation of the miscell, in 1 lt pure water 10 g malt-extract, 0.2 g K 2 HPO 4 , 0.1 g CaCl 2 .2H 2 O 0.05 g MgSO 4 . 7H 2 O, and g (NH 4 )SO 4 as well as 15 g agar, barley broken and wheat flour in 10, 15 and 20 g doses were added as contribution substance (contribution substance, however, weren't added to the control group). In petri boxes, it has been identified that P. florida miscelles grafted for aliment-agar medium covered the medium in 8.6 …