Digital Commons Network^™

Assessing Sex-Specific Circadian, Metabolic, And Cognitive Phenotypes In The Aβpp/Ps1 And Appnl-F/Nl-F Models Of Alzheimer's Disease., Jesse Britz, Emmanuel Ojo, Asmita Dhukhwa, Takashi Saito, Takaomi C Saido, Erin R Hascup, Kevin N Hascup, Shelley A Tischkau

Articles

BACKGROUND: Circadian disruption has long been recognized as a symptom of Alzheimer's disease (AD); however, emerging data suggests that circadian dysfunction occurs early on in disease development, potentially preceding any noticeable cognitive deficits.

OBJECTIVE: This study compares the onset of AD in male and female wild type (C57BL6/J), transgenic (AβPP/PS1), and knock-in (APPNL-F/NL-F) AD mouse models from the period of plaque initiation (6 months) through 12 months.

METHODS: Rhythmic daily activity patterns, glucose sensitivity, cognitive function (Morris water maze, MWM), and AD pathology (plaques formation) were assessed. A comparison was made across sexes.

RESULTS: Sex-dependent hyperactivity in AβPP/PS1 mice was …

Fasting And Diabetes: A Review Of The Current Evidence, Autumn Wills

Doctor of Medical Science Scholarly Projects

No abstract provided.

Price Premiums And Willingness-To-Pay For Misleading Food Labels, Alexa Jacobs

Research Papers

There are many food products sold with labels on them that may be misleading to the consumer. Almost every one of these labels comes with a price premium that consumers must pay if they wish to purchase those specific items. Many consumers place a value on these specific food labels and determine that paying more for a product with these labels is worth it to them, despite many consumers not understanding the true meaning of the labels. This study looks at and compares what the price premiums are for different food products at different stores in both the Carbondale, Illinois …

Aesthetic And Pedagogical Compasses: The Self In Motion, Liora Bresler

Artizein: Arts and Teaching Journal

This is a story of composing and being composed by “Aesthetics and curriculum”, a course I taught for 28 years at the University of Illinois. The course aimed at living with questions, as Rilke famously suggested, rather than seeking ultimate answers; heightened experience, wonder and exploration rather than mastery; creating openings rather than pre-destined knowledge. Tuning inward and outward were complementary processes that supported each other in a dynamic conversation involving artworks, the self, and aesthetic theories. We learned about ourselves in the process of encountering artworks and aesthetic theories, and, in turn, the encounter with our individual selves was …

Corticothalamic Projections Deliver Enhanced Responses To Medial Geniculate Body As A Function Of The Temporal Reliability Of The Stimulus, Srinivasa P Kommajosyula, Edward L Bartlett, Rui Cai, Lynne Ling, Donald M Caspary

Articles

Ageing and challenging signal-in-noise conditions are known to engage the use of cortical resources to help maintain speech understanding. Extensive corticothalamic projections are thought to provide attentional, mnemonic and cognitive-related inputs in support of sensory inferior colliculus (IC) inputs to the medial geniculate body (MGB). Here we show that a decrease in modulation depth, a temporally less distinct periodic acoustic signal, leads to a jittered ascending temporal code, changing MGB unit responses from adapting responses to responses showing repetition enhancement, posited to aid identification of important communication and environmental sounds. Young-adult male Fischer Brown Norway rats, injected with the inhibitory …

Biofortification As A Sustainable Solution For 'Hidden Hunger': Evaluating Its Impact On The Environment, Nutrition, Culture, And Ethics, Elysia Lewis

Honors Theses

Micronutrient malnutrition, also referred to as ‘hidden hunger’, negatively impacts the health of millions of people around the world. Because of this, several strategies to reduce malnutrition have been proposed, one of which is biofortification. The process of biofortification increases the nutrient content of plants during their vegetative life cycle. Research has been conducted that shows the ability of biofortification to increase micronutrient content in crops, so the next step is successful implementation and adoption by consumers. This paper reviews several publications that look at biofortification with respect to the environment, sustainability, human nutrition, culture, and ethics from a variety …

Proactive Interference Caused By Repeated Use Of Memory Palace, Xuan Wei

Research Papers

No abstract provided.

Equine Ovarian Tissue Xenografting: Impacts Of Cooling, Vitrification, And Vegf., Samara Silva Souza, Francisco Leo Nascimento Aguiar, Benner Geraldo Alves, Kele Amaral Alves, Fabiana Aparecida Santilli Brandão, Danielle Cristina Calado Brito, Ramon Da Silva Raposo, Melba Oliveira Gastal, Ana Paula Ribeiro Rodrigues, José Ricardo Figueiredo, Dárcio Ítalo Alves Teixeira, Eduardo Leite Gastal

Peer-reviewed Articles

Ovarian tissue transplantation methods using cooled and cryopreserved samples have been attractive options for fertility preservation in animal models and humans. The aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of previous exposure to cooling, cryopreservation, and VEGF on the overall efficiency of equine ovarian tissue after heterotopic xenotransplantation in mice. The end points evaluated were follicular morphology and development, follicular and stromal cell densities, angiogenesis (i.e. the density of new and mature blood vessels), collagen types I and III fiber densities, and total fibrosis. Ovaries of adult mares were harvested after ovariectomy, and ovarian fragments were xenografted in …

Permission Not Granted: A Domestic And Global Comparative Analysis On Social Media Policies, Privacy Laws And A Proposal For The United States, Simran Saini

Southern Illinois University Law Journal

Social media’s presence in people’s lives is more present today than it has ever been. While social media has many benefits to it, this specific means of communication has significant legal consequences associated with it as well, specifically users’ privacy concerns.

This note comparatively analyzes current data privacy laws within and outside the United States, while focusing on implications of these legislations on the popular social media platform, TikTok, by focusing on the recent class action: In Re TikTok. This note ends with a proposal for implementing a comprehensive federal data privacy regulation inspired by the European Union’s General Data …

The Disputed Nation: Catalan And Spanish Nationalism Through The Lens Of Documentaries, Mary Black

Research Papers

No abstract provided.

Tasting Tea, Tasting China: Tearooms And The Everyday Culture In Dalian, Yingkun Hou

Dissertations

Tea is a beverage that has long been taken to symbolize a key aspect of Chinese tradition and history. However, it is one of many beverages drunk in contemporary China, where in recent times knowledge of wine has come to stand for the West and as a much-desired cultural capital. This dissertation examines everyday tea drinking and tea tasting in Dalian—a northeastern city in Liaoning Province, China. Through ethnography of practices, processes, and interactions taking place in daily events of tea drinking and tasting, this dissertation provides a window into social conflicts, ideas and desires, historical consciousness, and national identity, …

Effects Of Thermal And Non-Thermal Methods On The Chemical Composition And Bacterial Inactivation Of Camel Milk, Namariq Dhahir

Dissertations

Understanding the composition of camel milk coupled with studying the effects of thermal and non-thermal treatments on its components and bacterial inactivation were the general objectives of this dissertation. In the first study (Chapter 2), the gross composition of camel milk including milk protein, fat, casein, total solids, lactose, ash, and mineral content were analyzed. In addition, fatty acid profile, amino acid profile, protein fractions, and volatile compounds were evaluated as well. Our results revealed that camel milk has its unique nutrients profile. These findings make it easier for the researchers and consumers to understand some of the nutritional attributes …

Regulation And Policing Of The Aquaculture Industry And Its Effects On Domestic Aquaculture Production, Gregory D. Erwin

Research Papers

Through the use of a multiple regression model and a Chow test, the purpose of this analytical research paper is to determine whether or not United States aquaculture production has decreased in gross production since the mid-1970’s. A number of variables were used as possible influencers of the increase in aquacultural products produced between 1960-2013, including population, immigration numbers, median household income, United States consumption of freshwater and marine fish, and seafood commodity prices. A strong correlation was shown between some of the independent variables and the dependent variable, while the calculated F-value was just substantial enough to show a …

Growth Hormone And Aging: New Findings., Andrzej Bartke, Erin Hascup, Kevin Hascup, Michal M Masternak

Articles

Complex relationships between growth hormone (GH) signaling and mammalian aging continue to attract attention of many investigators. Recent results include evidence that the impact of GH on genome maintenance (DNA damage and repair) is drastically different in normal as compared to cancer cells, consistent with GH promoting aging and cancer progression. Impact of GH on DNA methylation was studied as a possible mechanism linking actions of GH during early life to the trajectory of aging. Animals with reduced or enhanced GH signaling and novel animals with adipocyte-specific deletion of GH receptors were used to elucidate the effects of GH on …

Linking Personal Experience To Global Concern: How Zoo Visits Affect Sustainability Behavior And Views Of Climate Change, Leslie A. Duram, Josie Taylor A.

Publications

Globally, many species are threatened by habitat loss and are impacted by climate change due to human activities. According to the IUCN Red List, nearly 9000 animal species are now endangered or critically endangered. Yet, humans are largely ignorant to the impact they have on the environment due to lack of effective sustainability education. Currently, one of the most practical ways to connect with our global natural world is by visiting a local zoo. Zoos engage people with numerous species that they would otherwise never have the opportunity to see. Environmental education at zoos has come to address issues such …

Organic Vs Conventional: Which Is Better?, Gavin Edwards

Research Papers

No abstract provided.

Hormone Receptors And Steroidogenic Enzymes In Oocytes, Cumulus And Granulosa Cells, Follicular Fluid Hormone Milieu, And Follicle Blood Perfusion In Mares, Marilia Pastorello

Theses

Ovulatory follicle development and associated oocyte maturation involve complex coordinated molecular and cellular mechanisms not fully understood. This study addresses, for the first time in any species, the relationships among diameter, vascularization, follicular-fluid factors, and gene expression for follicle growth, steroidogenesis, angiogenesis and apoptosis in granulosa/cumulus cells and oocytes during different stages from the beginning of largest/ovulatory follicle to impending ovulation. Follicle dynamics was tracked and follicle-wall blood flow evaluated daily through transrectal ultrasonography in mares. The largest follicle of the ovulatory wave was distributed in six diameter groups (predeviation, deviation, postdeviation, early preovulatory, preovulatory, and impending ovulation) according to …

Characterization Of Proteostasis Mechanisms In Chlamydia Trachomatis, Amanda M. Blocker

Theses

Chlamydia trachomatis is a gram negative, obligate intracellular pathogen with a highly reduced genome of ~1 Mbp. It is the leading cause of the reportable sexually transmitted infection known as chlamydia in the United States and is the leading cause of preventable blindness (trachoma) worldwide. While treatment of infections is possible, weaknesses of current approaches include treatment failure, antibiotic-induced dysbiosis, and resistance development of bystander bacteria during chlamydial treatment. These weaknesses support the need for improved therapeutic approaches. C. trachomatis undergoes a biphasic developmental cycle with two forms, the infectious elementary body (EB) and replicative reticulate body (RB), that have …

Identifying Frogeye Leaf Spot Resistance In Two Elite Soybean Populations And Analysis Of Agronomic Traits In Resistant Lines, Kelsey Smith

Theses

Soybeans (Glycine max L.) are an important crop globally for its food, feed, and oilpurposes. It is impacted by many diseases, including Cercospora sojina, the causal agent of Frogeye Leaf Spot (FLS). Chemical and cultural controls to this fungal pathogen are insufficient, so genetic resistance must be acquired for adequate control. To this end, two recombinant inbred populations were screened in a greenhouse setting for their relative resistance to FLS, and their genomes were analyzed for contributing quantitative trait loci (QTL). In the Essex ́ Forrest population, one QTL was discovered on chromosome 13, and in the Forrest ́ Williams …

How Are Women Farmers "Doing" And "Undoing" Gender?: An Exploration Of Women's Gender Practices In Farming, Rebecca J. Tuxhorn

Dissertations

The number of women farmers in the US continues to grow even at a time when the number of men farmers is decreasing. But even as women are experiencing growing representation in this historically men-dominated occupation, they are more likely to operate smaller farm operations, own less land, and earn less than men farmers. Additionally, there are barriers to accessing the full farmer identity due to their invisibility in the largely patriarchal structure of agriculture. In this dissertation, I endeavor to learn more about how women farmers navigate the gendered structure of farming, including barriers to accessing occupation-related resources and …

The Making Of The Man’S Man: Stardom And The Cultural Politics Of Neoliberalism In Hindutva India, Soumik Pal

Dissertations

In this dissertation, I trace the contours of state control and capital in India, starting from the 1970s and see how the state’s increasingly centralizing tendencies and authoritarianism, in the service of capital, creates cultures of violence, fatalism, desperation, and ultimately, even more desire for authoritarianism. I study male stardom in Bombay cinema, beginning withAmitabh Bachchan (who was the reigning star in the 1970s and 80s), and following up with Shah Rukh Khan and Salman Khan (who have been successful stars from the early 90s), to understand how changing subjectivities, responding to changing socio-economic reality, were formulated and expressed through …

Flaxseed’S Paradoxical Role In Extending Lifespan And Reproductive Capacity In White Leghorn Laying Hens; And The Effect Of Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids (Pufas) On Lipid Metabolism, Mitochondrial Bioenergetics And E-Cadherin Expression In Laying Hen Ovarian Tumors, William Christopher Weston

Dissertations

We are the first lab to report the occurrence of a diet-induced transsulfuration (TS) blockade associating with elevated S-adenosylmethionine (i.e. SAM) synthesis, enhanced lifespan and enhanced reproductive capacity, in a vertebrate animal model. In this paradoxical study, we used LC-MS/MS-derived metabolomics data to report the effects of flaxseed (Linum Usitatissimum) on one-carbon metabolism in White Leghorn laying hens (Gallus gallus). Flaxseed contains a vitamin B6-antagonizing molecule called ‘linatine’ that is particularly effective at reducing vitamin B6 levels in small rodents and poultry. Linatine reduces TS flux through its inhibition of the vitamin B6-dependent enzymes cystathionine beta synthase (CBS) and cystathionine …

Comparative Performance Style In Bach, Stylistic Homogeneity In Fauré, And Neoclassicism In Stravinsky, Mark Fretheim

Research Papers

This paper is organized in three parts, for the three works I perform in my graduate recital. This paper investigates the prelude of the E-flat major cello suite by J.S. Bach by outlining its features and comparing the interpretation by multiple performances on cello and guitar. Next, it will examine a few stylistic features of Gabriel Fauré’s first cello sonata in D minor insofar as they relate to earlier repertoire for the cello by the same composer. Finally, it will survey the complicated compositional history of Igor Stravinsky’s re-setting of various eighteenth-century works by multiple composers into a single Suite …

A Choral Conductor’S Study, Rehearsal, And Performance Guide To Selected Pieces By Barber, Brahms, Dowland, Rutter, Victoria, Vivaldi, And Whitacre., Elaina Crenshaw

Research Papers

This document is intended to serve as a commentary on the research and rehearsal process of the works included in a choral conducting recital. The pieces included in the recital are: Victoria’s Senex puerum portabat, Dowland’s Fine Knacks For Ladies, Vivaldi’s In exitu Israel, Brahms’s Kleine Hochzeitskantate, Barber’s “To Be Sung on the Water,” Rutter’s “Come live with me,” and selections from Whitacre’s Animal Crackers vols. I and II. These pieces were selected to cover the range of musical eras from the Renaissance era to the Modern era. The following focuses will be discussed for …

Ecosystem Responses Of The Everglades To Landscape Alteration, Taylor Mogavero

2021

The Everglades is a complex ecosystem that supports a vast amount of biodiversity. Alterations to the Everglades landscape have occurred since the 1880s. These changes include thousands of kilometers of canals and levee and hundreds of water control structures. The most significant landscape changes were put into place in 1948 with the Central and Southern Florida Project. The objective of this project was to provide south Florida with predictable and controllable flood control and water supply. The alteration of the Everglades and the extensive urban and agricultural growth caused many negative ecosystem responses. The hydrology of the Everglades was greatly …

Energy Metabolism And Aging., Andrzej Bartke, Savannah Brannan, Erin Hascup, Kevin Hascup, Justin Darcy

Articles

Aging is strongly related to energy metabolism, but the underlying processes and mechanisms are complex and incompletely understood. Restricting energy intake and reducing metabolic rate can slow the rate of aging and extend longevity, implying a reciprocal relationship between energy metabolism and life expectancy. However, increased energy expenditure has also been associated with improved health and longer life. In both experimental animals and humans, reduced body temperature has been related to extended longevity. However, recent findings on the function of thermogenic (brown or beige) adipose tissue produced intense interest in increasing the amount of energy expended for thermogenesis to prevent …

An Exploration Of Late Twentieth And Twenty-First Century Clarinet Repertoire, Grace Talaski

Research Papers

This is an extended program note discussing a selection of compositions featuring the clarinet from the mid-1980s through the present. The first work, arioso/doubles, was composed by Benjamin Broening in 2002 for clarinet and electroacoustic sound. Folk Songs was composed by Eric P. Mandat in 1986 for solo clarinet. An Illustrated Ontogeny of The Flower Snark was composed by Carl Schimmel in 2013 for clarinet and piano. Lake Huron Sketches was composed by Grace Talaski in 2019-2020, and is a yet-to-be premiered work for solo clarinet. New York Counterpoint was composed by Steve Reich in 1985 for solo clarinet plus …

Connections Between Bach And Cassadó D Minor Suites, Eunice Koh

Research Papers

Tracing the connections between Bach and Cassadó D minor suite for Solo Cello.

From 1849 To 2005: Program Notes For A Clarinet Graduate Recital, Gloria Ines Orozco Dorado

Research Papers

The purpose of this research paper is to provide scholarly program notes to accompany the clarinet graduate recital of Gloria Ines Orozco Dorado. This paper consists of four chapters: Chapter 1. Fantasy Pieces by Robert Schumann (1849), Chapter 2. Rrowzer! by Eric Mandat (2005), Chapter 3. Sonata for Clarinet and Piano by Francis Poulenc (1962), and Chapter 4. Zarabandeo by Arturo Marquez (1995). Each chapter will provide biographical background information about the composer, a musical and structural analysis of the piece, and a discussion of some of the technical and musical challenges presented for clarinetists in each piece.

The ‘Spartan Academy’ Shield: How Courts Protect The Leader Development Education Model At Military Colleges, Christopher M. Hartley

Southern Illinois University Law Journal

Military colleges in the United States are essential to the development of the capable leaders our armed forces require to achieve the mission and policy goals of the civilian government. But these education models often give rise to legal issues that cannot be resolved with a simple comparison to the traditional college model. This Article explores the relevant doctrines courts apply to the “Spartan Academy” educational model and reviews decisions concerning the model. While these institutions are generally provided significant legal latitude in their operations, they are not without constraints, and those constraints can vary by the characteristics of each …