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Towards Speedy Permission-Based Debloating For Android Apps, Thung Ferdian, Jiakun Liu, Pattarakrit Rattanukul, Shahar Maoz, Eran Toch, Debin Gao, David Lo Apr 2024

Towards Speedy Permission-Based Debloating For Android Apps, Thung Ferdian, Jiakun Liu, Pattarakrit Rattanukul, Shahar Maoz, Eran Toch, Debin Gao, David Lo

Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems

Android apps typically include many functionalities that not all users require. These result in software bloat that increases possible attack surface and app size. Common functionalities that users may not require are related to permissions that they intend to disallow in the first place. As these permissions are disallowed, their related code would never be executed and therefore can be safely removed. Existing work has proposed a solution to debloat Android apps according to the disallowed permissions. However, for large and complex applications, the debloating process could take hours, typically due the long time that may be needed to construct …


Investing In Climate: A Role For 'Sovereign Climate Funds', Marianna Kozintseva, Thierry Wizman Mar 2024

Investing In Climate: A Role For 'Sovereign Climate Funds', Marianna Kozintseva, Thierry Wizman

Sim Kee Boon Institute for Financial Economics

Efforts to address climate change have generally been focused on deploying mitigation technologies. However, it is adaptation technologies (and climate risk transfer) that will have to gain an increasing share of an investment pool dedicated to climate if human systems are to stay resilient to climate forces. Just like mitigation projects, adaptation projects have a strong public goods aspect, wherein public returns exceed private returns, and thus call for the state’s involvement. We argue that sovereign climate funds (SCFs) - new types of sovereign wealth funds with a climate investment mandate - can be critical purpose-built conduits especially for undertaking …


Life Satisfaction Changes And Adaptation In The Covid-19 Pandemic: Evidence From Singapore, Terence C. Cheng, Seonghoon Kim, Kanghyock Koh Mar 2024

Life Satisfaction Changes And Adaptation In The Covid-19 Pandemic: Evidence From Singapore, Terence C. Cheng, Seonghoon Kim, Kanghyock Koh

Research Collection School Of Economics

We provide novel evidence on how COVID-19 affected overall life satisfaction using a monthly longitudinal survey of middle-aged and older Singaporeans. We study how the subjective well-being of individuals evolves over the course of 18 months including the outbreak of the pandemic, the implementation of the lockdown and the spike of cases due to the delta variant in a country where COVID-19 is controlled in a sustained manner. Using an event-study design framework, we find large declines in overall life satisfaction in the lead-up to and following the lockdown. Fifteen months after the outbreak of the pandemic, and 13 months …


Interim Regret Minimization, Wei He, Jiangtao Li, Kexin Wang Mar 2024

Interim Regret Minimization, Wei He, Jiangtao Li, Kexin Wang

Research Collection School Of Economics

We consider a robust version of monopoly pricing when the seller only knows the bound on valuations and the mean of the distribution of the buyer’s value. The seller seeks to minimize interim regret, the forgone expected revenue due to not knowing the distribution of the buyer’s value. The optimal pricing policy randomizes over a range of prices; the support of the pricing policy is bounded away from zero.


Navigating Sustainable Futures, Franziska Zimmermann Mar 2024

Navigating Sustainable Futures, Franziska Zimmermann

Asian Management Insights

A leadership imperative.


Learning Across Libraries: How Singapore’S ‘A Day In The Life’ Programme Enhances Professional Development For Academic Librarians, Eng Ling Lynn Yeo Mar 2024

Learning Across Libraries: How Singapore’S ‘A Day In The Life’ Programme Enhances Professional Development For Academic Librarians, Eng Ling Lynn Yeo

Research Collection Library

(13 Mar 2024) In late last year, Yeo Eng Ling Lynn, Librarian from Singapore Management University (SMU) Libraries took part in the “A Day in the Life” programme, serving as both a participant, and host coordinator for SMU Libraries. This experience proved to be enlightening, providing the opportunity to forge connections with like-minded professionals from other libraries.


Deontic Meta-Rules, Francesco Olivieri, Guido Governatori, Matteo Cristani, Antonino Rotolo, Abdul Sattar Mar 2024

Deontic Meta-Rules, Francesco Olivieri, Guido Governatori, Matteo Cristani, Antonino Rotolo, Abdul Sattar

Centre for Computational Law (2022-2025)

The use of meta-rules in logic, i.e., rules whose content includes other rules, has recently gained attention in the setting of non-monotonic reasoning: a first logical formalisation and efficient algorithms to compute the (meta)-extensions of such theories were proposed in Olivieri et al. (2021, Computing defeasible meta-logic. In JELIA 2021, LNCS, vol. 12678, pp. 69-84. Springer.). This work extends such a logical framework by considering the deontic aspect. The resulting logic will not just be able to model policies but also tackle well-known aspects that occur in numerous legal systems. The use of Defeasible Logic to model meta-rules in the …


Pay Suppression In Social Impact Contexts: How Framing Work Around The Greater Good Inhibits Job Candidate Compensation Demands, Insiya Hussain, Marko Pitesa, Stefan Thau, Michael Schaerer Mar 2024

Pay Suppression In Social Impact Contexts: How Framing Work Around The Greater Good Inhibits Job Candidate Compensation Demands, Insiya Hussain, Marko Pitesa, Stefan Thau, Michael Schaerer

Research Collection Lee Kong Chian School Of Business

Past research suggests that when organizations communicate the benefits of their work for human welfare—that is, use a social impact framing for work—job candidates are willing to accept lower wages because they expect the work to be personally meaningful. We argue that this explanation overlooks a less socially desirable mechanism by which social impact framing leads to lower compensation demands: the perception among job candidates that requesting higher pay will breach organizational expectations to value work for its intrinsic (rather than extrinsic) rewards, or constitute a motivational norm violation. We find evidence for our theory across five studies: a qualitative …


Social Network Centrality And The Corporate Environment: The Case Of Sexual Diversity Policies, Nuttavuth Nundhapana, Chiyachantana N. Chiraphol, Kuan Yong David Ding, Sirimon Treepongkaruna Mar 2024

Social Network Centrality And The Corporate Environment: The Case Of Sexual Diversity Policies, Nuttavuth Nundhapana, Chiyachantana N. Chiraphol, Kuan Yong David Ding, Sirimon Treepongkaruna

Research Collection Lee Kong Chian School Of Business

We study the external influence of social capital, measured by Facebook's (now Meta) Social Connectedness Index, on a firm's decision to adopt policies that promote a more diverse corporate environment. Recent studies find corporate policies that embrace sexual diversity are beneficial to firms and their stakeholders, thereby contributing to their corporate social responsibility (CSR) and business sustainability. We find that firms with a high social network centrality are more likely to adopt policies and business strategies that support sexual diversity. Moreover, firms that adopt good CSR practices are more likely to implement more inclusive policies such as sexual diversity policies. …


Traceability Technology Adoption In Supply Chain Networks, Philippe Blaettchen, Andre P. Calmon, Georgina Hall Mar 2024

Traceability Technology Adoption In Supply Chain Networks, Philippe Blaettchen, Andre P. Calmon, Georgina Hall

Research Collection Lee Kong Chian School Of Business

Modern traceability technologies promise to improve supply chain management by simplifying recalls, increasing visibility, and verifying sustainable supplier practices. Initiatives leading the implementation of traceability technologies must choose the least-costly set of firms—or seed set—to target for early adoption. Choosing this seed set is challenging because firms are part of supply chains interlinked in complex networks, yielding an inherent supply chain effect: benefits obtained from traceability are conditional on technology adoption by a subset of firms in a product’s supply chain. We prove that the problem of selecting the least-costly seed set in a supply chain network is hard to …


Forging The Future: Strategic Approaches To Quantum Ai Integration For Industry Transformation, Meng Leong How, Sin Mei Cheah Mar 2024

Forging The Future: Strategic Approaches To Quantum Ai Integration For Industry Transformation, Meng Leong How, Sin Mei Cheah

CCX Research

The fusion of quantum computing and artificial intelligence (AI) heralds a transformative era for Industry 4.0, offering unprecedented capabilities and challenges. This paper delves into the intricacies of quantum AI, its potential impact on Industry 4.0, and the necessary change management and innovation strategies for seamless integration. Drawing from theoretical insights and real-world case studies, we explore the current landscape of quantum AI, its foreseeable influence, and the implications for organizational strategy. We further expound on traditional change management tactics, emphasizing the importance of continuous learning, ecosystem collaborations, and proactive approaches. By examining successful and failed quantum AI implementations, lessons …


Invisible Inequalities: Barriers, Challenges, And Opportunities, Hari Bapuji, Gokhan Ertug, Vivek Soundarajan, Jason D. Shaw Mar 2024

Invisible Inequalities: Barriers, Challenges, And Opportunities, Hari Bapuji, Gokhan Ertug, Vivek Soundarajan, Jason D. Shaw

Research Collection Lee Kong Chian School Of Business

Inequality is a grand challenge of our times, and management researchers have responded by examining the relationship between business and societal economic inequalities. This research has enhanced our understanding of the nature, sources, and consequences of inequalities, as well as identified actions to address them. However, this effort has predominantly revolved around visible inequalities. We seek to direct greater scholarly attention to invisible inequalities – uneven possession of and access to resources and opportunities to engage in value creation, appropriation, and distribution based on attributes and characteristics that are not readily apparent or noticeable. Expanding the scope of investigations to …


Theory Advancing Practice: The Contingency Theory In The Strategic Management Of Crises, Conflicts, And Complex Public Relations Issues, Pang, A., Yan Jin Mar 2024

Theory Advancing Practice: The Contingency Theory In The Strategic Management Of Crises, Conflicts, And Complex Public Relations Issues, Pang, A., Yan Jin

Research Collection Lee Kong Chian School Of Business

If the news headlines are to be believed in their entirety, the world seems to be traversing from one crisis to another. COVID-19 was the black swan no one predicted. Even before the world emerged from the worst parts of the pandemic, Russia’s unprovoked invasion of Ukraine triggered global security concerns. In addition to the ongoing tensions between the United States (US) and China, US and Russia, Mainland China and Taiwan, and at the point of writing, the crisis between Ukraine and Poland over grain imports, one gets the impression that the world is in a fiery cauldron of turmoil. …


Meta-Interpretive Learning With Reuse, Rong Wang, Jun Sun, Cong Tian, Zhenhua Duan Mar 2024

Meta-Interpretive Learning With Reuse, Rong Wang, Jun Sun, Cong Tian, Zhenhua Duan

Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems

Inductive Logic Programming (ILP) is a research field at the intersection between machine learning and logic programming, focusing on developing a formal framework for inductively learning relational descriptions in the form of logic programs from examples and background knowledge. As an emerging method of ILP, Meta-Interpretive Learning (MIL) leverages the specialization of a set of higher-order metarules to learn logic programs. In MIL, the input includes a set of examples, background knowledge, and a set of metarules, while the output is a logic program. MIL executes a depth-first traversal search, where its program search space expands polynomially with the number …


Sigmadiff: Semantics-Aware Deep Graph Matching For Pseudocode Diffing, Lian Gao, Yu Qu, Sheng Yu, Yue Duan, Heng Yin Mar 2024

Sigmadiff: Semantics-Aware Deep Graph Matching For Pseudocode Diffing, Lian Gao, Yu Qu, Sheng Yu, Yue Duan, Heng Yin

Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems

Pseudocode diffing precisely locates similar parts and captures differences between the decompiled pseudocode of two given binaries. It is particularly useful in many security scenarios such as code plagiarism detection, lineage analysis, patch, vulnerability analysis, etc. However, existing pseudocode diffing and binary diffing tools suffer from low accuracy and poor scalability, since they either rely on manually-designed heuristics (e.g., Diaphora) or heavy computations like matrix factorization (e.g., DeepBinDiff). To address the limitations, in this paper, we propose a semantics-aware, deep neural network-based model called SIGMADIFF. SIGMADIFF first constructs IR (Intermediate Representation) level interprocedural program dependency graphs (IPDGs). Then it uses …


Community Similarity Based On User Profile Joins, Konstantinos Theocharidis, Hady Wirawan Lauw Mar 2024

Community Similarity Based On User Profile Joins, Konstantinos Theocharidis, Hady Wirawan Lauw

Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems

Similarity joins on multidimensional data are crucial operators for recommendation purposes. The classic ��-join problem finds all pairs of points within �� distance to each other among two ��-dimensional datasets. In this paper, we consider a novel and alternative version of ��-join named community similarity based on user profile joins (CSJ). The aim of CSJ problem is, given two communities having a set of ��-dimensional users, to find how similar are the communities by matching every single pair of users (a user can be matched with at most one other user) having an absolute difference of at most �� per …


Hypergraphs With Attention On Reviews For Explainable Recommendation, Theis E. Jendal, Trung Hoang Le, Hady Wirawan Lauw, Matteo Lissandrini, Peter Dolog, Katja Hose Mar 2024

Hypergraphs With Attention On Reviews For Explainable Recommendation, Theis E. Jendal, Trung Hoang Le, Hady Wirawan Lauw, Matteo Lissandrini, Peter Dolog, Katja Hose

Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems

Given a recommender system based on reviews, the challenges are how to effectively represent the review data and how to explain the produced recommendations. We propose a novel review-specific Hypergraph (HG) model, and further introduce a model-agnostic explainability module. The HG model captures high-order connections between users, items, aspects, and opinions while maintaining information about the review. The explainability module can use the HG model to explain a prediction generated by any model. We propose a path-restricted review-selection method biased by the user preference for item reviews and propose a novel explanation method based on a review graph. Experiments on …


Application Of Collaborative Learning Paradigms Within Software Engineering Education: A Systematic Mapping Study, Rita Garcia, Christoph Treude, Andrew Valentine Mar 2024

Application Of Collaborative Learning Paradigms Within Software Engineering Education: A Systematic Mapping Study, Rita Garcia, Christoph Treude, Andrew Valentine

Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems

Collaboration is used in Software Engineering (SE) to develop software. Industry seeks SE graduates with collaboration skills to contribute to productive software development. SE educators can use Collaborative Learning (CL) to help students develop collaboration skills. This paper uses a Systematic Mapping Study (SMS) to examine the application of the CL educational theory in SE Education. The SMS identified 14 papers published between 2011 and 2022. We used qualitative analysis to classify the papers into four CL paradigms: Conditions, Effect, Interactions, and Computer-Supported Collaborative Learning (CSCL). We found a high interest in CSCL, with a shift in student interaction research …


Win: Weight-Decay-Integrated Nesterov Acceleration For Faster Network Training, Pan Zhou, Xingyu Xie, Zhouchen Lin, Kim-Chuan Toh, Shuicheng Yan Mar 2024

Win: Weight-Decay-Integrated Nesterov Acceleration For Faster Network Training, Pan Zhou, Xingyu Xie, Zhouchen Lin, Kim-Chuan Toh, Shuicheng Yan

Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems

Training deep networks on large-scale datasets is computationally challenging. This work explores the problem of “how to accelerate adaptive gradient algorithms in a general manner", and proposes an effective Weight-decay-Integrated Nesterov acceleration (Win) to accelerate adaptive algorithms. Taking AdamW and Adam as examples, per iteration, we construct a dynamical loss that combines the vanilla training loss and a dynamic regularizer inspired by proximal point method, and respectively minimize the first- and second-order Taylor approximations of dynamical loss to update variable. This yields our Win acceleration that uses a conservative step and an aggressive step to update, and linearly combines these …


Analysts' Earnings Per Share Forecasts: The Effects Of Forecast Uncertainty And Forecast Precision On Investor Judgements, Clarence Goh Mar 2024

Analysts' Earnings Per Share Forecasts: The Effects Of Forecast Uncertainty And Forecast Precision On Investor Judgements, Clarence Goh

Research Collection School Of Accountancy

This study uses controlled experiments to investigate the joint effects of forecast uncertainty and forecast precision on investor judgements. It finds that forecast precision moderates the effects of forecast uncertainty on investors' forecast reliability judgements such that the effects of forecast uncertainty on investors' judgements of forecast reliability are more negative when an analyst's point earnings per share (EPS) forecast is rounded than when it is precise. In addition, the relationship between forecast precision and investors' judgements of forecast reliability is mediated by investors' perceptions of forecast attributes. The evidence also suggests that while forecast uncertainty exerts a negative effect …


Institutions And Corporate Tax Evasion: A Review Of The Literature And A Methodological Exploration, Kiridaran Kanagaretnam, Jimmy Lee, Chee Yeow Lim, Gerald J. Lobo Mar 2024

Institutions And Corporate Tax Evasion: A Review Of The Literature And A Methodological Exploration, Kiridaran Kanagaretnam, Jimmy Lee, Chee Yeow Lim, Gerald J. Lobo

Research Collection School Of Accountancy

We first review the recent research published in JIAR on the influence of international institutions on accounting practices and follow it with a discussion of the literature studying the influence of institutions on tax avoidance and tax evasion. We then explore a new methodological approach that draws on the theory of institutional hierarchy proposed by Williamson (2000) and examine the relative importance of three broad types of institutions (informal, formal and media) in curtailing perceived tax evasion activities. We contribute to the international accounting literature by summarizing the recent research that addresses tax avoidance and tax evasion and providing preliminary …


Segment Disaggregation And Equity-Based Pay Contracts, Young Jun Cho, Hojun Seo Mar 2024

Segment Disaggregation And Equity-Based Pay Contracts, Young Jun Cho, Hojun Seo

Research Collection School Of Accountancy

We study the role of segment disaggregation in equity-based pay contracts in diversified firms. Disaggregated segment disclosures can improve the observability of managerial actions in internal capital markets and thus increase implicit incentives for managers to allocate resources as desired by shareholders, substituting for explicit incentives provided to CEOs. We use the adoption of Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 131 as an identification strategy and find that firms affected by this segment reporting mandate significantly decreased the provision of equity-based incentives in the post-adoption period, especially for firms with higher operating volatilities. This effect is also more pronounced for …


Pa2blo: Low-Power, Personalized Audio Badge, Hemanth Sabbella, Dulaj Sanjaya Weerakoon, Manoj Gulati, Archan Misra Mar 2024

Pa2blo: Low-Power, Personalized Audio Badge, Hemanth Sabbella, Dulaj Sanjaya Weerakoon, Manoj Gulati, Archan Misra

Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems

We present the hardware design and software pipeline for an ultra-low power device, in the form factor of a wearable badge, that supports energy efficient sensing, processing and wireless transfer of human voice commands and interactions. The proposed system, called PA2BLO, is envisioned to support both: (a) real-time, scalable, authorized voice based interaction and control of devices and appliances, and (b) longitudinal, low-power logging of natural voice interactions. PA2BLO in-troduces two key novel capabilities. First, it includes a low power, low-complexity voice authentication module that is able to reliably authenticate an authorized user only using low sampling rate (500 Hz) …


Demystifying Faulty Code: Step-By-Step Reasoning For Explainable Fault Localization, Ratnadira Widyasari, Jia Wei Ang, Truong Giang Nguyen, Neil Sharma, David Lo Mar 2024

Demystifying Faulty Code: Step-By-Step Reasoning For Explainable Fault Localization, Ratnadira Widyasari, Jia Wei Ang, Truong Giang Nguyen, Neil Sharma, David Lo

Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems

Fault localization is a critical process that involves identifying specific program elements responsible for program failures. Manually pinpointing these elements, such as classes, methods, or statements, which are associated with a fault is laborious and time-consuming. To overcome this challenge, various fault localization tools have been developed. These tools typically generate a ranked list of suspicious program elements. However, this information alone is insufficient. A prior study emphasized that automated fault localization should offer a rationale. In this study, we investigate the step-by-step reasoning for explainable fault localization. We explore the potential of Large Language Models (LLM) in assisting developers …


Screening Through A Broad Pool: Towards Better Diversity For Lexically Constrained Text Generation, Changsen Yuan, Heyan Huang, Yixin Cao, Qianwen Cao Mar 2024

Screening Through A Broad Pool: Towards Better Diversity For Lexically Constrained Text Generation, Changsen Yuan, Heyan Huang, Yixin Cao, Qianwen Cao

Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems

Lexically constrained text generation (CTG) is to generate text that contains given constrained keywords. However, the text diversity of existing models is still unsatisfactory. In this paper, we propose a lightweight dynamic refinement strategy that aims at increasing the randomness of inference to improve generation richness and diversity while maintaining a high level of fluidity and integrity. Our basic idea is to enlarge the number and length of candidate sentences in each iteration, and choose the best for subsequent refinement. On the one hand, different from previous works, which carefully insert one token between two words per action, we insert …


What Does Singapore Need From Its Next Generation?, Lily Kong Mar 2024

What Does Singapore Need From Its Next Generation?, Lily Kong

Research Collection School of Social Sciences

In a commentary, SMU President Professor Lily Kong, who is also a Public Service Commission member, emphasised the critical need for a cultural shift among Singapore's youth to ensure the nation's sustained prosperity. Prof Kong advocated for fostering independence of thought, creativity, and interpersonal skills alongside academic excellence, stressing the importance of moving beyond complacency. She urged intentional efforts to instil qualities such as curiosity, resilience, and a growth mindset, exemplified by SMU's initiative to make global exposure a graduation requirement. Prof Kong emphasised the necessity for the younger generation to think critically, challenge norms, and connect ideas across different …


Cross-Cultural Differences In Supportive Responses To Positive Event Disclosure, Lester Sim, Ka I. Ip, Esra Ascigil, Robin S. Edelstein Mar 2024

Cross-Cultural Differences In Supportive Responses To Positive Event Disclosure, Lester Sim, Ka I. Ip, Esra Ascigil, Robin S. Edelstein

Research Collection School of Social Sciences

Perceived reactions to sharing of good news (capitalization), can have important implications for romantic relationships. Typically, when European Americans perceive that their partners respond in an active constructive (versus passive and/or destructive,) manner, they tend to perceive their partners as more responsive and report higher relationship quality. However, cross-cultural differences in norms can influence peoples’ preference for different capitalization responses and whether different capitalization responses convey partner responsiveness. In a combined sample of European Americans, East, and South Asians (N = 915), we investigated whether links among capitalization responses, perceived partner responsiveness, and relationship quality differed by culture. People who …


Eyris: From The Lab To The Market, Steven Miller, David Gomulya, Mahima Rao-Kachroo Mar 2024

Eyris: From The Lab To The Market, Steven Miller, David Gomulya, Mahima Rao-Kachroo

Asian Management Insights

Singapore’s trailblazer AI algorithm for detecting diabetes-related eye diseases. Can you imagine getting the results of your eye disease screening within minutes rather than days? This capability is what EyRIS, a Singapore-based start-up that uses the AI (Artificial Intelligence)-driven Singapore Eye LEsion Analyzer (SELENA+) algorithm to screen for diabetes-related eye diseases, set out to productise and commercialise.


Superminds At Work: The Promise Of Human-Ai Collaboration, Thomas W. Malone Mar 2024

Superminds At Work: The Promise Of Human-Ai Collaboration, Thomas W. Malone

Asian Management Insights

Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) Center for Collective Intelligence Director Professor Thomas W. Malone’s scholarship offers deep insights into the promise afforded by the synergies between human intelligence and technology. According to Professor Malone, the boundaries between human intellect and technological prowess are becoming increasingly blurred, but this may not be a bad thing for humankind. In Asian Management Insights’ inaugural Pulse Point interview, we get to learn more about the concept of ‘collective intelligence’, which explores how a partnership between humans and Artificial Intelligence (AI) can be catalysed to make ground-breaking advancements in addressing the wicked problems of our …


The Chatbot Challenge: How Smes Can Leverage Ai For Growth And Engagement, Tamas Makany, Felicia Goh Mar 2024

The Chatbot Challenge: How Smes Can Leverage Ai For Growth And Engagement, Tamas Makany, Felicia Goh

Asian Management Insights

Enhancing SME workforce efficiency with chatbots for improved business communication.