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Adapting Video Delivery Based On Motion Triggered Visual Attention, Hari Kalva, V. Adzic, Lai-Tee Cheok Aug 2012

Adapting Video Delivery Based On Motion Triggered Visual Attention, Hari Kalva, V. Adzic, Lai-Tee Cheok

Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems

Cues from human visual system (HVS) can be used for further optimization of compression in modern hybrid video coding platforms. We present work that explores and exploits motion related attentional limitations. Algorithms for exploiting motion triggered attention were developed and compared with MPEG AVC/H.264 encoder with various settings for different bitrate levels. For the sequences with high motion activity our algorithm provides up to 8% bitrate savings.

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Optimal Estimation Under Nonstandard Conditions, Werner Ploberger, Peter C. B. Phillips Aug 2012

Optimal Estimation Under Nonstandard Conditions, Werner Ploberger, Peter C. B. Phillips

Research Collection School Of Economics

We analyze optimality properties of maximum likelihood (ML) and other estimators when the problem does not necessarily fall within the locally asymptotically normal (LAN) class, therefore covering cases that are excluded from conventional LAN theory such as unit root nonstationary time series. The classical Hajek-Le Cam optimality theory is adapted to cover this situation. We show that the expectation of certain monotone "bowl-shaped" functions of the squared estimation error are minimized by the ML estimator in locally asymptotically quadratic situations, which often occur in nonstationary time series analysis when the LAN property fails. Moreover, we demonstrate a direct connection between …

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Recent Advances In Nonstationary Time Series: A Festschrift In Honor Of Peter C. B. Phillips, Robert S. Mariano, Zhijie Xiao, Jun Yu Aug 2012

Recent Advances In Nonstationary Time Series: A Festschrift In Honor Of Peter C. B. Phillips, Robert S. Mariano, Zhijie Xiao, Jun Yu

Research Collection School Of Economics

On July 14–15, 2008, the School of Economics and the Sim Kee Boon Institute for Financial Economics at Singapore Management University (SMU) co-hosted a conference honoring the contribution of Peter Phillips to econometrics and statistics, in celebration of his 60th birthday. In total, 51 papers were presented by his colleagues and former students, who deeply appreciate and respect Peter as a true scholar and a good friend. These papers mainly cover two areas of Peter’s current research interests—nonstationary time series analysis, and panel, nonlinear and nonparametric models. On the basis of this conference, we have taken the opportunity to edit …

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Mistaken Identity, Identity Theft And Problems Of Remote Authentication In E-Commerce, Eliza Mik Aug 2012

Mistaken Identity, Identity Theft And Problems Of Remote Authentication In E-Commerce, Eliza Mik

Research Collection Yong Pung How School Of Law

The problem of mistaken identity in e-commerce transactions brings together seemingly unrelated issues: privacy, network security, digital signatures – and classic contract law. The technological characteristics of the Internet have a tendency to turn traditional legal doctrines on their head, or, at least expose flaws in existing legal arguments. Combining an academic exercise with the practical implications of the insecurity of the Internet, this paper draws some unexpected conclusions regarding cases of mistaken identity. The latter must be analysed afresh with a number of factors in mind: the more widespread use of fictitious identities in on-line transactions, the higher incidence …

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A Secure And Efficient Discovery Service System In Epcglobal Network, Jie Shi, Yingjiu Li, Robert H. Deng Aug 2012

A Secure And Efficient Discovery Service System In Epcglobal Network, Jie Shi, Yingjiu Li, Robert H. Deng

Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems

In recent years, the Internet of Things (IOT) has drawn considerable attention from the industrial and research communities. Due to the vast amount of data generated through IOT devices and users, there is an urgent need for an effective search engine to help us make sense of this massive amount of data. With this motivation, we begin our initial works on developing a secure and efficient search engine (SecDS) based on EPC Discovery Services (EPCDS) for EPCglobal network, an integral part of IOT. SecDS is designed to provide a bridge between different partners of supply chains to share information while …

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Modeling Concept Dynamics For Large Scale Music Search, Jialie Shen, Hwee Hwa Pang, Meng Wang, Shuicheng Yan Aug 2012

Modeling Concept Dynamics For Large Scale Music Search, Jialie Shen, Hwee Hwa Pang, Meng Wang, Shuicheng Yan

Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems

Continuing advances in data storage and communication technologies have led to an explosive growth in digital music collections. To cope with their increasing scale, we need effective Music Information Retrieval (MIR) capabilities like tagging, concept search and clustering. Integral to MIR is a framework for modelling music documents and generating discriminative signatures for them. In this paper, we introduce a multimodal, layered learning framework called DMCM. Distinguished from the existing approaches that encode music as an ensemble of order-less feature vectors, our framework extracts from each music document a variety of acoustic features, and translates them into low-level encodings over …

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Shortest Path Computation With No Information Leakage, Kyriakos Mouratidis, Man Lung Yiu Aug 2012

Shortest Path Computation With No Information Leakage, Kyriakos Mouratidis, Man Lung Yiu

Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems

Shortest path computation is one of the most common queries in location-based services (LBSs). Although particularly useful, such queries raise serious privacy concerns. Exposing to a (potentially untrusted) LBS the client’s position and her destination may reveal personal information, such as social habits, health condition, shopping preferences, lifestyle choices, etc. The only existing method for privacy-preserving shortest path computation follows the obfuscation paradigm; it prevents the LBS from inferring the source and destination of the query with a probability higher than a threshold. This implies, however, that the LBS still deduces some information (albeit not exact) about the client’s location …

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Strength In Adversity: The Influence Of Psychological Capital On Job Search, Don J. Q. Chen, Vivien K. G. Lim Aug 2012

Strength In Adversity: The Influence Of Psychological Capital On Job Search, Don J. Q. Chen, Vivien K. G. Lim

Research Collection Lee Kong Chian School Of Business

This study examined the influence of psychological capital on job search among displaced employees. On the basis of a sample of 179 retrenched professionals, managers, executives, and technicians, we found that psychological capital (self-efficacy, hope, optimism, and resilience) was positively related with displaced employees' level of perceived employability, a coping resource. Perceived employability was positively related with problem-focused and symptom-focused coping strategies. Whereas problem-focused coping was positively related with preparatory and active job search, symptom-focused coping strategy was not. The relationship between psychological capital and preparatory and active job search was mediated by perceived employability and problem-focused coping. Implications of …

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Aiming For Average: The Effect Of Peer Standing On The Dynamic Process Of Corporate Social Responsibility, Kuan Yong David Ding, Christo Ferreira, Wongchoti Udomsak Aug 2012

Aiming For Average: The Effect Of Peer Standing On The Dynamic Process Of Corporate Social Responsibility, Kuan Yong David Ding, Christo Ferreira, Wongchoti Udomsak

Research Collection Lee Kong Chian School Of Business

We evidence a non-linear relationship between firm value and corporate social responsibility, adding to the mixed evidence on this relationship. We show that corporate social responsibility exhibits a dynamic process, which is largely dependent on a firm’s industry, relative standing amongst peers and the distinction between responsible and irresponsible behavior. Surprisingly, we find that responsible behavior could sometimes destroy firm value, while irresponsible behavior could sometimes increase firm value. Endogeneity is mitigated through a novel process that allows us to keep constant the endogeneity inherent in this field, examining corporate social responsibility’s effect on firm value separately.

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Using Monterey Phoenix To Formalize And Verify System Architectures, Jiexin Zhang, Yang Liu, Mikhail Auguston, Jun Sun, Jin Song Dong Jul 2012

Using Monterey Phoenix To Formalize And Verify System Architectures, Jiexin Zhang, Yang Liu, Mikhail Auguston, Jun Sun, Jin Song Dong

Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems

Modeling and analyzing software architectures are useful for helping to understand the system structures and facilitate proper implementation of user requirements. Despite its importance in the software engineering practice, the lack of formal description and verification support hinders the development of quality architectural models. In this work, we develop an approach for modeling and verifying software architectures specified using Monterey Phoenix (MP) architecture description language. Firstly, we formalize the syntax and operational semantics for MP. This language is capable of modeling system and environment behaviors based on event traces, as well as supporting different architecture composition operations and views. Secondly, …

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Lope De Aguirre, The Tyrant, And The Prince: Convergence And Divergence In Postcolonial Collective Memory, Jennifer Kate Estava Davis Jul 2012

Lope De Aguirre, The Tyrant, And The Prince: Convergence And Divergence In Postcolonial Collective Memory, Jennifer Kate Estava Davis

Research Collection Centre for English Communication

In Latin America, collective remembering is shaped by stories of colonizers whose voracious ambitions left an indelible mark on the landscape and its people. This essay examines a set of narratives about a legendary colonizer, Lope de Aguirre, that continue to be invoked in the collective imagination on the island of Margarita, in Venezuela. Drawing on Bormann’s Symbolic Convergence Theory and Bakhtin’s work on cultural discourse, this analysis shows that on the one hand, the narratives converge to support official records of Aguirre as an archetype of colonial brutality. Yet on the other, alternate versions of the stories reveal a …

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Calibrating Large Scale Vehicle Trajectory Data, Siyuan Liu, Ce Liu, Qiong Luo, Lionel Ni, Ramayya Krishnan Jul 2012

Calibrating Large Scale Vehicle Trajectory Data, Siyuan Liu, Ce Liu, Qiong Luo, Lionel Ni, Ramayya Krishnan

LARC Research Publications

An accurate and sufficient vehicle trajectory dataset is the basis to many trajectory-based data mining tasks and applications. However, vehicle trajectories sampled by GPS devices are usually at a relatively low sampling rate and contain notable location errors. To address these two problems in GPS trajectory data, we propose WI-matching, the first vehicle trajectory calibration framework to take advantage of road networks topology and geometry information and trajectory historical information in large scale. WI-matching consists of a Weighting based map matching algorithm and a trajectory interpolation based matching algorithm. In our WImatching framework, we first integrate the vehicle GPS data …

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Streaks In Earnings Surprises And The Cross-Section Of Stock Returns, Roger Loh, Mitch Warachka Jul 2012

Streaks In Earnings Surprises And The Cross-Section Of Stock Returns, Roger Loh, Mitch Warachka

Research Collection Lee Kong Chian School Of Business

The gambler's fallacy (Rabin, 2002) predicts that trends bias investor expectations. Consistent with this prediction, we find that investors underreact to streaks of consecutive earnings surprises with the same sign. When the most recent earnings surprise extends a streak, post-earnings announcement drift is strong and significant. In contrast, the drift is negligible following thetermination of a streak. Indeed, streaks explain about half of the post-earnings announcement drift in our sample. Our results are robust to more general definitions of trends than streaks and a battery of control variables including the magnitude ofearnings surprises and their autocorrelation. Overall, post-earnings announcement drift …

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Sieve Estimation Of Panel Data Models With Cross Section Dependence, Liangjun Su, Sainan Jin Jul 2012

Sieve Estimation Of Panel Data Models With Cross Section Dependence, Liangjun Su, Sainan Jin

Research Collection School Of Economics

In this paper we consider the problem of estimating semiparametric panel data models with cross section dependence, where the individual-specific regressors enter the model nonparametrically whereas the common factors enter the model linearly. We consider both heterogeneous and homogeneous regression relationships when both the time and cross-section dimensions are large. We propose sieve estimators for the nonparametric regression functions by extending Pesaran’s (2006) common correlated effect (CCE) estimator to our semiparametric framework. Asymptotic normal distributions for the proposed estimators are derived and asymptotic variance estimators are provided. Monte Carlo simulations indicate that our estimators perform well in finite samples.

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Executive Compensation And Regulation Imposed Governance: Evidence From The California Non-Profit Integrity Act (2004), Tharindra Ranasinghe, S. Khumawala, S. Mishra, S. Dhole Jul 2012

Executive Compensation And Regulation Imposed Governance: Evidence From The California Non-Profit Integrity Act (2004), Tharindra Ranasinghe, S. Khumawala, S. Mishra, S. Dhole

Research Collection School Of Accountancy

No abstract provided.

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Real-Time Road Traffic Forecasting Using Regime-Switching Space-Time Models And Adaptive Lasso, Yiannis Kamarianakis, Wei Shen, Laura Wynter Jul 2012

Real-Time Road Traffic Forecasting Using Regime-Switching Space-Time Models And Adaptive Lasso, Yiannis Kamarianakis, Wei Shen, Laura Wynter

Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems

Smart transportation technologies require real-time traffic prediction to be both fast and scalable to full urban networks. We discuss a method that is able to meet this challenge while accounting for nonlinear traffic dynamics and space-time dependencies of traffic variables. Nonlinearity is taken into account by a union of non-overlapping linear regimes characterized by a sequence of temporal thresholds. In each regime, for each measurement location, a penalized estimation scheme, namely the adaptive absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO), is implemented to perform model selection and coefficient estimation simultaneously. Both the robust to outliers least absolute deviation estimates and conventional …

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Enhancing Access Privacy Of Range Retrievals Over B+Trees, Hwee Hwa Pang, Jilian Zhang, Kyriakos Mouratidis Jul 2012

Enhancing Access Privacy Of Range Retrievals Over B+Trees, Hwee Hwa Pang, Jilian Zhang, Kyriakos Mouratidis

Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems

Users of databases that are hosted on shared servers cannot take for granted that their queries will not be disclosed to unauthorized parties. Even if the database is encrypted, an adversary who is monitoring the I/O activity on the server may still be able to infer some information about a user query. For the particular case of a B+-tree that has its nodes encrypted, we identify properties that enable the ordering among the leaf nodes to be deduced. These properties allow us to construct adversarial algorithms to recover the B+-tree structure from the I/O traces generated by range queries. Combining …

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Formal Analysis Of Pervasive Computing Systems, Yan Liu, Xian Zhang, Jin Song Dong, Yang Liu, Jun Sun, Jit Biswas, Mounir Mokhtari Jul 2012

Formal Analysis Of Pervasive Computing Systems, Yan Liu, Xian Zhang, Jin Song Dong, Yang Liu, Jun Sun, Jit Biswas, Mounir Mokhtari

Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems

Pervasive computing systems are heterogenous and complex as they usually involve human activities, various sensors and actuators as well as middleware for system controlling. Therefore, analyzing such systems is highly nontrivial. In this work, we propose to use formal methods for analyzing pervasive computing systems. Firstly, a formal modeling framework is proposed to cover the main characteristics of pervasive computing systems (e.g., context-awareness, concurrent communications, layered architectures). Secondly, we identify the safety requirements (e.g., free of deadlocks and conflicts etc.) and propose their specifications as safety and liveness properties. Finally, we demonstrate our ideas using a case study of a …

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Translating Pddl Into Csp# - The Pat Approach, Yi Li, Jing Sun, Jin Song Dong, Yang Liu, Jun Sun Jul 2012

Translating Pddl Into Csp# - The Pat Approach, Yi Li, Jing Sun, Jin Song Dong, Yang Liu, Jun Sun

Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems

Model checking provides a way to automatically verify hardware and software systems, whereas the goal of planning is to produce a sequence of actions that leads from the initial state to the desired goal state. Recently research indicates that there is a strong connection between model checking and planning problem solving. In this paper, we investigate the feasibility of using a newly developed model checking framework, Process Analysis Toolkit (PAT), to serve as a planning solution provider for upper layer applications. We first carried out a number of experiments on different planning tools in order to compare their performance and …

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On-Line Portfolio Selection With Moving Average Reversion, Bin Li, Steven C. H. Hoi Jul 2012

On-Line Portfolio Selection With Moving Average Reversion, Bin Li, Steven C. H. Hoi

Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems

On-line portfolio selection has attracted increasing interests in machine learning and AI communities recently. Empirical evidences show that stock's high and low prices are temporary and stock price relatives are likely to follow the mean reversion phenomenon. While the existing mean reversion strategies are shown to achieve good empirical performance on many real datasets, they often make the single-period mean reversion assumption, which is not always satisfied in some real datasets, leading to poor performance when the assumption does not hold. To overcome the limitation, this article proposes a multiple-period mean reversion, or so-called Moving Average Reversion (MAR), and a …

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Exact Soft Confidence-Weighted Learning, Jialei Wang, Steven C. H. Hoi Jul 2012

Exact Soft Confidence-Weighted Learning, Jialei Wang, Steven C. H. Hoi

Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems

In this paper, we propose a new Soft Confidence-Weighted (SCW) online learning scheme, which enables the conventional confidence-weighted learning method to handle non-separable cases. Unlike the previous confidence-weighted learning algorithms, the proposed soft confidence-weighted learning method enjoys all the four salient properties: (i) large margin training, (ii) confidence weighting, (iii) capability to handle non-separable data, and (iv) adaptive margin. Our experimental results show that the proposed SCW algorithms significantly outperform the original CW algorithm. When comparing with a variety of state-of-the art algorithms (including AROW, NAROW and NHERD), we found that SCW generally achieves better or at least comparable predictive …

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Collaborating Across Cultures: Cultural Metacognition And Affect-Based Trust In Creative Collaboration, Roy Y. J. Chua, Michael W. Morris, Shira Mor Jul 2012

Collaborating Across Cultures: Cultural Metacognition And Affect-Based Trust In Creative Collaboration, Roy Y. J. Chua, Michael W. Morris, Shira Mor

Research Collection Lee Kong Chian School Of Business

We propose that managers adept at thinking about their cultural assumptions (cultural metacognition) are more likely than others to develop affect-based trust in their relationships with people from different cultures, enabling creative collaboration. Study 1, a multi-rater assessment of managerial performance, found that managers higher in metacognitive cultural intelligence (CQ) were rated as more effective in intercultural creative collaboration by managers from other cultures. Study 2, a social network survey, found that managers lower in metacognitive CQ engaged in less sharing of new ideas in their intercultural ties but not intracultural ties. Study 3 required participants to work collaboratively with …

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Not A Partnership In Pepper, Coffee, Callico, Or Tobacco: Edmund Burke And The Vicissitudes Of Colonial Capitalism, Onur Ulas Ince Jul 2012

Not A Partnership In Pepper, Coffee, Callico, Or Tobacco: Edmund Burke And The Vicissitudes Of Colonial Capitalism, Onur Ulas Ince

Research Collection School of Social Sciences

This essay examines the tensions between liberalism and capitalism through an analysis of Edmund Burke's works on eighteenth-century liberal political economy and, specifically the challenges posed by colonial capitalism. When criticizing the East India Company Burke attempted to fortify "commercial" principles, on which British self-image rested, against the "rapacious" policies of British imperialism in India, which threatened this liberal self-image. His denunciation of the Company thus can be construed as an index to broader contradictions between the liberal self-image of capitalism and the coercive processes of colonial displacement and extraction that were an integral part of capitalism's emergence. The article, …

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Singapore’S State-Enterprise Network In The Gulf Region: Boom, Bane Or An Ongoing Game, Caroline Yeoh, Wilfred Pow Ngee How, Febbry Lasgon Jul 2012

Singapore’S State-Enterprise Network In The Gulf Region: Boom, Bane Or An Ongoing Game, Caroline Yeoh, Wilfred Pow Ngee How, Febbry Lasgon

Research Collection Lee Kong Chian School Of Business

Singapore’s state-enterprise network has been, and continues to be, at the forefront of Singapore's internationalization efforts; most recently in the city-state's newest area of focus, the Gulf region. This paper, as part of our series on this topic, studies the city-state’s determined efforts to encapsulate economic space for Singapore-based firms to expand beyond the region through a lens on the Singapore government-linked companies (GLCs), in the context of the unique ‘Arabian allure’ of the GCC economies. Our results show that while the government ‘endorsement’ appears to provide a distinct advantage, the strategic advantages created in the Singapore-styled projects remains uncertain; …

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Mutual Fund Industry Selection And Persistence, Jeffrey A. Busse, Qing Tong Jul 2012

Mutual Fund Industry Selection And Persistence, Jeffrey A. Busse, Qing Tong

Research Collection Lee Kong Chian School Of Business

We analyze mutual fund industry selectivity — the performance of a fund’s industry allocation relative to the market. We find that industry selection accounts for a full third of fund performance based on two-digit SIC codes, with the remaining attributable to the performance of individual stocks relative to their own industries. We find that industry-selection skill drives persistence in relative performance, particularly over longer investment horizons. Unlike individual-stock-selection ability, industry selectivity is not eroded by increasing fund assets. Our results suggest that accounting for a manager’s ability to pick outperforming industries provides information beyond standard performance measures that can enhance …

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Paying For Convenience: Attractiveness And Revenue Potential Of Time-Based Delivery Services, Philipp Goebel, Sabine Moeller, Richard Pibernik Jul 2012

Paying For Convenience: Attractiveness And Revenue Potential Of Time-Based Delivery Services, Philipp Goebel, Sabine Moeller, Richard Pibernik

Research Collection Lee Kong Chian School Of Business

Purpose: Four characteristics have been regularly applied to services: intangibility, heterogeneity, inseparability, perishability (IHIP). More and more exceptions occur which have resulted in substantial criticism. This paper aims to show that each characteristic is valid and useful when related to an individual aspect of services instead of being assigned to services as a single entity. Design/methodology/approach: Based on customer integration, a framework (FTU framework) and a resource typology are developed. These approaches are the theoretical foundation of the analysis. Findings: The FTU framework and a resource typology reveal different aspects of services and allow the assignment of the IHIP characteristics …

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Statistical Tests For Multiple Forecast Comparison, Roberto Mariano, Daniel P. A. Preve Jul 2012

Statistical Tests For Multiple Forecast Comparison, Roberto Mariano, Daniel P. A. Preve

Research Collection School Of Economics

We consider a multivariate version of the Diebold–Mariano test for equal predictive ability of three or more forecasting models. The Wald-type test, S, which has a null distribution that is asymptotically chi-squared, is shown to be generally invariant with respect to the ordering of the models being compared. Finite-sample corrections for the test are also developed. Monte Carlo simulations indicate that S has reasonable size properties in large samples but tends to be oversized in moderate samples. The finite-sample correction succeeds in correcting for size, but only partially. For the size-adjusted tests, power increases with sample size, as expected. It …

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Growth And Inequality In Singapore, Kong Weng Ho Jul 2012

Growth And Inequality In Singapore, Kong Weng Ho

Research Collection School Of Economics

While the strategy of openness had earned Singapore rapid economic growth, upward social mobility, and possibly decreasing inequality in the early years of development, the more recent years saw increasing inequality and with it an underlying possibly diminished upward intergenerational mobility due to skill-biased growth processes, skill-biased parental influence, liberalization in the education industry, and structural changes in the society which hurt the human capital accumulation of children in families under economic and intra-household stresses. In particular, the paternal influence on educational aspiration and attainment is more pronounced than the mother’s. Non-Chinese and youths from disrupted families are worse off …

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Unitas Via Diversitas. Can The Common European Sales Law Harmonize Through Diversity?, Gary Low Jul 2012

Unitas Via Diversitas. Can The Common European Sales Law Harmonize Through Diversity?, Gary Low

Research Collection Yong Pung How School Of Law

The proposed Regulation for a Common European Sales Law (CESL),1 unveiled on 11 October 2011, marks the opening legislative salvo on the future of European contract law. Besides critique from private lawyers on the substantive content therein,2 the legality of the CESL under Union law may be called into question.3 The CESL cites Article 114 of the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union (TFEU) as its legal basis." In so doing, it goes against the grain of received wisdom: virtually all the studies on the subject ruled out the use of Article 114 TFEU in favour of Article …

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Bias In The Estimation Of The Mean Reversion Parameter In Continuous Time Models, Jun Yu Jul 2012

Bias In The Estimation Of The Mean Reversion Parameter In Continuous Time Models, Jun Yu

Research Collection School Of Economics

It is well known that for continuous time models with a linear drift standard estimation methods yield biased estimators for the mean reversion parameter both in finite discrete samples and in large in-fill samples. In this paper, we obtain two expressions to approximate the bias of the least squares/maximum likelihood estimator of the mean reversion parameter in the Ornstein-Uhlenbeck process with a known long run mean when discretely sampled data are available. The first expression mimics the bias formula of Marriott and Pope (1954) for the discrete time model. Simulations show that this expression does not work satisfactorily when the …

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